Electric energy meter function module fault failure protection circuit
By designing power conversion, current limiting control, and module communication circuits in the electricity meter, the problems of increased power consumption and system damage caused by functional module failures were solved, thus ensuring the normal operation and metering accuracy of the electricity meter.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO ITECHENE TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Short circuits or malfunctions in the functional modules of an electricity meter can lead to increased power consumption, damage system functions, and affect metering accuracy and normal operation of the meter.
A fault protection circuit for a power meter functional module was designed, including a power conversion circuit, a current limiting control protection circuit, and a module communication circuit. The current limiting protection circuit is controlled by an MCU chip to shut down the faulty module and protect the normal operation of other functional modules.
In the event of a functional module failure, other functional modules of the electricity meter are protected, ensuring that the electricity meter continues to operate normally and preventing system damage and increased power consumption.
Smart Images
Figure CN224204762U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of electricity meter technology, and in particular to a fault protection circuit for an electricity meter functional module. Background Technology
[0002] Embedded hardware systems for electricity meters typically contain multiple functional modules of different types, such as broadband and narrowband carrier modules, Bluetooth modules, and RF wireless communication modules. These modules share the characteristic of high power consumption. When a module fails due to a short circuit or other fault, it will cause significant power loss and damage or malfunction of the electricity meter system. For example, it may cause the electricity meter to freeze, become inaccurate in its metering, increase its own power consumption leading to increased line loss, and cause other system malfunctions. Therefore, it is necessary to protect other functional modules from being affected when one functional module fails, ensuring the electricity meter can continue to operate. Utility Model Content
[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a fault protection circuit for the functional module of an energy meter, including a power supply module, a first power conversion circuit, a current limiting control protection circuit, and a functional module communication circuit.
[0004] The first power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the current limiting control and protection circuit, and is used to convert DC high voltage to DC low voltage.
[0005] The current limiting control and protection circuit is connected to the functional module communication circuit and the MCU chip U1 respectively, and is used to limit current and protect the circuit.
[0006] The functional module communication circuit is connected to the MCU chip U1 and is used to realize communication between each functional module and the MCU chip U1.
[0007] The power module is connected to the MCU chip U1 and is used to supply power to the MCU chip U1 and the functional modules.
[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the power conversion circuit includes capacitor CQ1, capacitor CQ2, capacitor EC11, and chip UQ4; wherein, one end of capacitor CQ1 and pin 2 of chip UQ4 are connected to the power module; the other end of capacitor CQ1, pin 1 of chip UQ4, one end of capacitor CQ2, and one end of capacitor EC11 are grounded; pin 3 of chip UQ4, the other end of capacitor CQ2, and the other end of capacitor EC11 are connected to a current limiting protection control circuit.
[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the current limiting control protection circuit includes transistors QS2 and QS3, capacitor CS4, resistors RS21, RS24, RS25, and RS26; wherein, the emitter of transistor QS2 and one end of resistor RS24 are connected to the power conversion circuit; the collector of transistor QS2 and one end of capacitor CS4 are connected to the functional module communication circuit; the other end of capacitor CS4 is grounded; the base of transistor QS2 is connected to one end of resistor RS21; the other end of resistor RS21 and the other end of resistor RS24 are connected to the collector of transistor QS3; one end of resistor RS25 and one end of resistor RS26 are connected to the base of transistor QS3; the other end of resistor RS25 is connected to MCU chip U1; and the other end of resistor RS26 and the emitter of transistor QS3 are grounded.
[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the functional module may be a Bluetooth module or an RF wireless module.
[0011] In some embodiments of this application, when the functional module is a Bluetooth module, the communication circuit of the functional module includes resistors RB1, RB13, RB19, RB2, RB3, RB4, capacitors CB1, CB7, CB16, and chip BLE1; wherein, one end of resistor RB1 and one end of resistor RB13 are connected to a current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of resistor RB1 and one end of resistor RB2 are connected to pin 68 of MCU chip U1 to transmit the signal TX_BlueTooth; the other end of resistor RB2 is connected to pin 5 of chip BLE1; the other end of resistor RB13 and one end of resistor RB4 are connected to pin 63 (BT RST) of MCU chip U1; the other end of resistor RB4 and one end of capacitor CB7 are connected to pin 4 (BT) of chip BLE1. RST1; the other end of capacitor CB7 is grounded; one end of resistor RB3 is connected to pin 6 of chip BLE1, and the other end is connected to pin 67 of MCU chip U1 to receive the signal RX_BlueTooth; pin 14 of chip BLE1, one end of capacitor CB16, one end of capacitor CB1, and one end of resistor RB19 are all connected to a current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of capacitor CB16 and the other end of capacitor CB1 are both grounded; the other end of resistor RB19 is connected to pin 11 of chip BLE1; pins 1, 2, 14, 15, 16, and 23 of chip BLE1 are grounded.
[0012] In some embodiments of this application, when the functional module is an RF wireless module, the communication circuit of the functional module includes a chip UR1, a capacitor CT5, a capacitor CT6, a capacitor CT1, a resistor RT5, and an antenna; one end of the resistor RT5 and one end of the capacitor CT6 are connected to pin 2 of the chip UR1; the other end of the RT5 is connected to one end of the capacitor CT5 and the antenna; the other end of the capacitor CT5 and the other end of the capacitor CT6 are grounded together; one end of the capacitor CT1 and pin 5 of the chip UR1 are connected to a current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of the capacitor CT1 and pin 6 of the chip UR1 are grounded together; pin 8 of the chip UR1 is connected to pin 67 of the MCU chip U1 to receive the signal RX_BlueTooth; pin 7 of the chip UR1 is connected to pin 68 of the MCU chip U1 to transmit the signal TX_BlueTooth; pins 1, 10, 3, and 4 of the chip UR1 are grounded.
[0013] In some embodiments of this application, a second power conversion circuit is also included; the second power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the MCU chip U1, and is used to convert DC high voltage into DC low voltage in order to provide power to the MCU chip U1.
[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the second power conversion circuit includes a chip UQ1, capacitors CN25, CN26, and CN27, and a diode DN21; pin 3 of the chip UQ1 and one end of the capacitor CN26 are connected to a power module; one end of the capacitor CN25, one end of the capacitor CN27, and one end of the diode DN21 are connected to pin 1 of the chip UQ1; the other end of the diode DN21 is connected to the MCU chip U1; the other ends of the capacitors CN25, CN27, and CN26, and pin 2 of the chip UQ1 are grounded.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The fault protection circuit for the functional modules of the electricity meter of this application includes a first power conversion circuit, a current limiting control protection circuit, and a module communication circuit. The first power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the current limiting control protection circuit to convert DC high voltage to DC low voltage. The current limiting control protection circuit is connected to the module communication circuit and the MCU chip U1 to limit current and protect the circuit. The communication module circuit is connected to the MCU chip U1 to realize communication between each functional module and the MCU chip U1. Thus, when a functional module fails, the MCU chip U1 can control the current limiting control protection circuit to shut down the functional module, thereby preventing damage to other functional modules of the electricity meter and ensuring the normal operation of other functional modules of the electricity meter.
[0016] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this document. Attached Figure Description
[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this document, are used to provide a further understanding of the document. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions herein are used to explain the document and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fault failure protection circuit for a power meter functional module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a first power conversion circuit diagram provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a current limiting control protection circuit diagram provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a communication circuit diagram of a Bluetooth function module provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the MCU chip U1 and its peripheral circuitry provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;
[0023] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of an RF wireless module communication circuit provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure 7 This is a second power conversion circuit diagram provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.
[0026] Embedded hardware systems for electricity meters typically contain multiple functional modules of different types, such as broadband and narrowband carrier modules, Bluetooth modules, and RF wireless communication modules. These modules share the characteristic of high power consumption. When a module fails due to a short circuit or other fault, it will cause significant power loss and damage or malfunction of the electricity meter system. For example, it may cause the electricity meter to freeze, become inaccurate in its metering, increase its own power consumption leading to increased line loss, and cause other system malfunctions. Therefore, it is necessary to protect other functional modules from being affected when one functional module fails, ensuring the electricity meter can continue to operate.
[0027] Based on this, an exemplary embodiment of this application provides a fault protection circuit for a power meter functional module. The circuit includes a first power conversion circuit, a current limiting control protection circuit, and a module communication circuit. The first power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the current limiting control protection circuit to convert DC high voltage to DC low voltage. The current limiting control protection circuit is connected to the module communication circuit and the MCU chip U1 to limit current and protect the circuit. The communication module circuit is connected to the MCU chip U1 to enable communication between each functional module and the MCU chip U1. Thus, when a functional module fails, the MCU chip U1 can control the current limiting control protection circuit to shut down the functional module, thereby preventing damage to other functional modules of the power meter and ensuring their normal operation.
[0028] Example 1:
[0029] An exemplary embodiment of this application provides a fault failure protection circuit for a power meter functional module, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the circuit includes a first power supply module, a power conversion circuit, a current limiting control and protection circuit, and a functional module communication circuit. The first power conversion circuit is connected to the power supply module and the current limiting control and protection circuit to convert high-voltage DC to low-voltage DC, providing a stable low-voltage DC power supply to the functional modules. The current limiting control and protection circuit is connected to both the functional module communication circuit and the MCU chip U1, limiting current and protecting the circuit. The functional module communication circuit is connected to the MCU chip U1 to enable communication between each functional module and the MCU chip U1. The MCU chip U1 communicates with each functional module and controls its opening and closing. The power supply module is connected to the power conversion circuit and the MCU chip U1 to supply power to both the MCU chip U1 and the functional modules. Thus, when a functional module malfunctions, the MCU chip U1 can control the current limiting control and protection circuit to shut down that functional module, preventing damage to other functional modules of the energy meter and ensuring their normal operation.
[0030] like Figure 2As shown, the first power conversion circuit includes capacitors CQ1, CQ2, EC11, and chip UQ4. One end of capacitor CQ1 and pin 2 of chip UQ4 are connected to the power module. The other end of capacitor CQ1, pin 1 of chip UQ4, one end of capacitor CQ2, and one end of capacitor EC11 are grounded together. Pin 3 of chip UQ4, the other end of capacitor CQ2, and the other end of capacitor EC11 are connected to the current limiting protection control circuit. Capacitors CQ1 and CQ2 are ceramic MLCC capacitors, primarily used for decoupling and filtering. Capacitor EC11 is an electrolytic capacitor, primarily used for energy storage in the functional module communication. Chip UQ4 is an LDO chip, converting the high-voltage DC VP1 to a low-voltage 3.3V DC. Chip UQ4 also provides overload protection; it shuts off the output when the current exceeds its own supply.
[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the current limiting control protection circuit includes transistors QS2 and QS3, capacitor CS4, resistors RS21, RS24, RS25, and RS26. The emitter of transistor QS2 and one end of resistor RS24 are connected to the power conversion circuit. The collector of transistor QS2 and one end of capacitor CS4 are connected to the functional module communication circuit. The other end of capacitor CS4 is grounded. The base of transistor QS2 is connected to one end of resistor RS21. The other end of resistor RS21 and the other end of resistor RS24 are connected to the collector of transistor QS3. One end of resistor RS25 and one end of resistor RS26 are connected to the base of transistor QS3. The other end of resistor RS25 is connected to MCU chip U1, which can input control signals to resistor RS25. The other end of resistor RS26 and the emitter of transistor QS3 are grounded.
[0032] When the load terminal of VCC_BLE, i.e., the functional module, is short-circuited or overloaded, its current will exceed the saturation range of transistor QS2. Transistor QS2 will then enter amplification mode, causing it to heat up to dissipate power and protect the 3.3V power supply and VP1 power supply from being pulled low. Capacitor CS4 is the output decoupling filter capacitor. Transistor QS3, resistors RS21, RS24, RS25, and RS26 control the circuit's on / off state. When it is necessary to turn the functional module on or off, control signals such as BluT_CTL are used to control its operation. For example, when BluT_CTL is high, the current-limiting control protection circuit is connected, providing power to the functional module; when BluT_CTL is low, the current-limiting control protection circuit is not connected, and the functional module cannot be powered, thus preventing its operation.
[0033] Preferably, the functional module can be a Bluetooth module or an RF wireless module.
[0034] When the functional module is a Bluetooth module, such as Figure 4 As shown, the functional module communication circuit includes resistors RB1, RB13, RB19, RB2, RB3, RB4, capacitors CB1, CB7, CB16, and chip BLE1. One end of resistor RB1 and one end of resistor RB13 are connected to a current-limiting control protection circuit. The other end of resistor RB1 and one end of resistor RB2 are connected to pin 68 of MCU chip U1 to transmit the signal TX_BlueTooth. The other end of resistor RB2 is connected to pin 5 of chip BLE1. The other end of resistor RB13 and one end of resistor RB4 are connected to pin 63 (BT RST) of MCU chip U1. The other end of resistor RB4 and one end of capacitor CB7 are connected to pin 4 (BT) of chip BLE1. RST1; the other end of capacitor CB7 is grounded; one end of resistor RB3 is connected to pin 6 of chip BLE1, and the other end is connected to pin 67 of MCU chip U1 to receive the signal RX_BlueTooth; pin 14 of chip BLE1, one end of capacitor CB16, one end of capacitor CB1, and one end of resistor RB19 are connected to the current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of capacitor CB16 and the other end of capacitor CB1 are grounded together; the other end of resistor RB19 is connected to pin 11 of chip BLE1; pins 1, 2, 14, 15, 16, and 23 of chip BLE1 are grounded. Among them, chip BLE1 is a Bluetooth chip of the power grid standard; capacitors CB1 and CB16 are decoupling filter capacitors; resistors RB2, RB3, and RB4 are series resistors on the signal lines, which are used to suppress interference, absorb noise, and limit current through level pull; resistors RB1 and RB13 are pull-up resistors, whose main function is to provide a fixed level for the signal lines; and capacitor CB7 is a reset capacitor, whose main function is to provide sufficient and necessary reset signal time for the Bluetooth module during power-on and power-off.
[0035] like Figure 5 The diagram shows the MCU chip U1 and its peripheral circuitry. The MCU chip U1 can communicate with various functional modules via serial port to control the power supply and enable the switching on and off of each functional module. Capacitors C18, C19, C65, C20, C45, C24, and C25, resistor R89, capacitors C9, YA1, C81, C56, C58, C59, C60, and C84, and resistors R1, R21, R34, R77, R6, and R20 are all components of the external circuitry of the MCU chip U1, ensuring its normal operation.
[0036] Preferably, the circuit further includes a second power conversion circuit; the second power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the MCU chip U1, and is used to convert DC high voltage into DC low voltage in order to provide power to the MCU chip U1.
[0037] like Figure 7 The second power conversion circuit includes a chip UQ1, capacitors CN25, CN26, and CN27, and a diode DN21. Pin 3 of chip UQ1 and one end of capacitor CN26 are connected to the power module. One end of capacitor CN25, one end of capacitor CN27, and one end of diode DN21 are connected to pin 1 of chip UQ1. The other end of diode DN21 is connected to MCU chip U1. The other ends of capacitors CN25, CN27, and CN26, and pin 2 of chip UQ1 are grounded. The function of the second power conversion circuit is to convert the high-voltage DC to a low-voltage 5.6V DC to provide power to MCU chip U1.
[0038] Example 2:
[0039] Based on Embodiment 1 above, this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that the functional module is different. In this embodiment, the functional module is an RF wireless module. Therefore, as follows... Figure 6 As shown, the functional module communication circuit includes chip UR1, capacitors CT5 and CT6, capacitor CT1, resistor RT5, and antenna. One end of resistor RT5 and one end of capacitor CT6 are connected to pin 2 of chip UR1. The other end of RT5 is connected to one end of capacitor CT5 and the antenna. The other ends of capacitor CT5 and capacitor CT6 are grounded. One end of capacitor CT1 and pin 5 of chip UR1 are connected to the current limiting control protection circuit. The other end of capacitor CT1 and pin 6 of chip UR1 are grounded. Pin 8 of chip UR1 is connected to pin 67 of MCU chip U1 to receive the signal RX_BlueTooth. Pin 7 of chip UR1 is connected to pin 68 of MCU chip U1 to transmit the signal TX_BlueTooth. Pins 1, 10, 3, and 4 of chip UR1 are grounded.
[0040] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.
[0041] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.
[0042] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, the intent of this application also includes these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A fault protection circuit for a functional module of an electricity meter, characterized in that, It includes a power module, a first power conversion circuit, a current limiting control and protection circuit, and a functional module communication circuit; The first power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the current limiting control and protection circuit, and is used to convert DC high voltage to DC low voltage. The current limiting control and protection circuit is connected to the functional module communication circuit and the MCU chip U1 respectively, and is used to limit current and protect the circuit. The functional module communication circuit is connected to the MCU chip U1 and is used to realize communication between each functional module and the MCU chip U1. The power module is connected to the MCU chip U1 and is used to supply power to the MCU chip U1 and the functional modules. The current limiting control and protection circuit includes transistors QS2 and QS3, capacitor CS4, resistors RS21, RS24, RS25, and RS26. The emitter of transistor QS2 and one end of resistor RS24 are connected to the power conversion circuit. The collector of transistor QS2 and one end of capacitor CS4 are connected to the functional module communication circuit. The other end of capacitor CS4 is grounded. The base of transistor QS2 is connected to one end of resistor RS21. The other end of resistor RS21 and the other end of resistor RS24 are connected to the collector of transistor QS3. One end of resistor RS25 and one end of resistor RS26 are connected to the base of transistor QS3. The other end of resistor RS25 is connected to MCU chip U1. The other end of resistor RS26 and the emitter of transistor QS3 are grounded.
2. The fault protection circuit for the functional module of the energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power conversion circuit includes capacitors CQ1, CQ2, EC11, and chip UQ4; one end of capacitor CQ1 and pin 2 of chip UQ4 are connected to the power module; the other end of capacitor CQ1, pin 1 of chip UQ4, one end of capacitor CQ2, and one end of capacitor EC11 are grounded; pin 3 of chip UQ4, the other end of capacitor CQ2, and the other end of capacitor EC11 are connected to a current limiting protection control circuit.
3. The fault protection circuit for the functional module of the energy meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional module is a Bluetooth module or an RF wireless module.
4. The energy meter functional module fault protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the functional module is a Bluetooth module, the communication circuit of the functional module includes resistors RB1, RB13, RB19, RB2, RB3, RB4, capacitors CB1, CB7, CB16, and chip BLE1; wherein, one end of resistor RB1 and one end of resistor RB13 are connected to a current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of resistor RB1 and one end of resistor RB2 are connected to pin 68 of MCU chip U1 to transmit the signal TX_BlueTooth; the other end of resistor RB2 is connected to pin 5 of chip BLE1; the other end of resistor RB13 and one end of resistor RB4 are connected to pin 63 (BT RST) of MCU chip U1; the other end of resistor RB4 and one end of capacitor CB7 are connected to pin 4 (BT) of chip BLE1. RST1; the other end of capacitor CB7 is grounded; one end of resistor RB3 is connected to pin 6 of chip BLE1, and the other end is connected to pin 67 of MCU chip U1 to receive the signal RX_BlueTooth; pin 14 of chip BLE1, one end of capacitor CB16, one end of capacitor CB1, and one end of resistor RB19 are all connected to a current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of capacitor CB16 and the other end of capacitor CB1 are both grounded; the other end of resistor RB19 is connected to pin 11 of chip BLE1; pins 1, 2, 14, 15, 16, and 23 of chip BLE1 are grounded.
5. The energy meter functional module fault failure protection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the functional module is an RF wireless module, the communication circuit of the functional module includes a chip UR1, a capacitor CT5, a capacitor CT6, a capacitor CT1, a resistor RT5, and an antenna; one end of the resistor RT5 and one end of the capacitor CT6 are connected to pin 2 of the chip UR1; the other end of the RT5 is connected to one end of the capacitor CT5 and the antenna; the other ends of the capacitor CT5 and the other ends of the capacitor CT6 are grounded; one end of the capacitor CT1 and pin 5 of the chip UR1 are connected to a current limiting control protection circuit; the other end of the capacitor CT1 and pin 6 of the chip UR1 are grounded; pin 8 of the chip UR1 is connected to pin 67 of the MCU chip U1 to receive the signal RX_BlueTooth; pin 7 of the chip UR1 is connected to pin 68 of the MCU chip U1 to transmit the signal TX_BlueTooth; pins 1, 10, 3, and 4 of the chip UR1 are grounded.
6. The energy meter functional module fault protection circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second power conversion circuit; the second power conversion circuit is connected to the power module and the MCU chip U1, and is used to convert DC high voltage to DC low voltage in order to provide power to the MCU chip U1.
7. The energy meter functional module fault failure protection circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second power conversion circuit includes a chip UQ1, capacitors CN25, CN26, and CN27, and a diode DN21; pin 3 of the chip UQ1 and one end of capacitor CN26 are connected to the power module; one end of capacitor CN25, one end of capacitor CN27, and one end of diode DN21 are connected to pin 1 of the chip UQ1; the other end of diode DN21 is connected to the MCU chip U1. The other ends of capacitor CN25, capacitor CN27, and capacitor CN26, as well as pin 2 of chip UQ1, are all grounded.