Portable semi-closed lithium battery charger

Abstract

The utility model relates to a portable semi-closed lithium battery charger, which comprises a semi-closed shell, a connecting cable and a charging main control board, the semi-closed shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are detachably connected, the two sides of the upper shell and the two sides of the lower shell are respectively provided with a heat dissipation long groove, and the upper shell and the lower shell are buckled to form a bayonet; a pulse activation bypass circuit of the charging main control board is connected to a DCDC conversion circuit, a power supply input end passes through a rectification filter circuit and then is connected with a charging output end through the DCDC conversion circuit and the pulse activation bypass circuit, an input end of a single-chip microcomputer control circuit is connected with a charged battery, and an output end of the single-chip microcomputer control circuit is connected with the DCDC conversion circuit and the pulse activation bypass circuit. The shell design of the portable semi-closed lithium battery charger can realize a safe and good heat dissipation effect and is convenient to assemble, disassemble and maintain, and the mainboard has auxiliary functions of stopping charging when the battery is damaged, current limiting protection, backflow prevention and the like on the basis of having output anti-reverse connection and under-voltage pulse activation functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle-to-grid devices, specifically to a portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger. Background Technology

[0002] Currently available portable chargers on the market generally suffer from highly homogenized casing designs and lack adequate design and improvement in heat dissipation. Furthermore, these chargers typically lack pulse activation charging functionality, usually charging directly upon power-on. This charging method, especially if the battery is reverse-connected, can easily damage both the battery and the charger, posing unnecessary risks and losses to users. Additionally, when lithium batteries are left unused for an extended period and enter undervoltage protection mode, direct power from the charger cannot activate the battery, thus preventing charging. This not only limits the application scenarios for lithium batteries but also inconveniences users and reduces the user experience. Moreover, for damaged batteries, prolonged use can lead to bulging, deformation, or even fire and explosion. Therefore, existing portable chargers and chargers on the market have significant deficiencies in safety and functionality and urgently need improvement. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem this utility model aims to solve is to overcome the shortcomings of existing chargers in terms of shell structure design, motherboard safety, and functionality, and to provide a portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger with the advantages of safety, reliability, durability, and low failure rate. Its shell design can achieve safe and good heat dissipation and is easy to assemble, disassemble, and repair. Its motherboard has the functions of reverse connection protection and undervoltage pulse activation, and has a certain repair function for lithium batteries. At the same time, it has auxiliary functions such as battery damage stop charging, current limiting protection, and reverse flow prevention. It solves the problems of existing chargers being unable to activate deeply discharged batteries, and the problem of batteries bulging or even catching fire and exploding due to prolonged high-current charging of damaged batteries.

[0004] This portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger includes a semi-enclosed housing, connecting cables, and a charging main control board. The charging main control board is installed and fixed inside the semi-enclosed housing. Two connecting cables are threaded and fixed at both ends of the semi-enclosed housing and extend into the semi-enclosed housing to connect with the charging main control board. The semi-enclosed housing includes a detachably connected upper housing and a lower housing. Both the upper and lower housings have heat dissipation slots on both sides that extend into the cavity of the semi-enclosed housing. When the upper and lower housings are fastened together, they form a locking slot for securing the connecting cables. The charging main control board integrates a rectifier and filter circuit, a DC-DC converter circuit, a pulse activation bypass circuit, and a microcontroller control circuit. The pulse activation bypass circuit is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit. The power input terminal, after passing through the rectifier and filter circuit, is connected to the charging output terminal through the DC-DC converter circuit and the pulse activation bypass circuit, respectively. The input terminal of the microcontroller control circuit is connected to the battery being charged, and the output terminal of the microcontroller control circuit is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit and the pulse activation bypass circuit, respectively.

[0005] The optimized pulse activation bypass circuit is equipped with an N-channel MOSFET for controlling pulse output, a current-limiting PTC, and an anti-backflow diode.

[0006] Furthermore, the output terminal of the microcontroller control circuit is connected to an N-channel MOSFET.

[0007] The optimized design features H-type locking devices on both connecting cables.

[0008] Furthermore, the bayonet at the input end of the semi-enclosed housing is located on one side, and a concentric annular heat dissipation groove is formed next to the bayonet on this side; the bayonet at the output end of the semi-enclosed housing is located in the center of the other side, and a straight encircling heat dissipation groove is formed around the bayonet on this side.

[0009] Furthermore, the outer ends of the two connecting cables are respectively provided with plugs for connecting to AC power and for connecting to the load charging port; the inner ends of the two connecting cables extend into the semi-enclosed housing and are respectively connected to the power input terminal and the charging output terminal integrated on the charging main control board.

[0010] This utility model discloses a portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger, which overcomes the shortcomings of existing chargers in terms of shell structure design, motherboard safety, and functionality. It is safe, reliable, durable, and has a low failure rate. Its shell design can achieve a safe and good heat dissipation effect and is easy to assemble, disassemble, and repair. Its motherboard has the functions of reverse connection protection and undervoltage pulse activation, and has a certain repair function for lithium batteries. It also has auxiliary functions such as battery damage stop charging, current limiting protection, and reverse flow prevention. It solves the problems of existing chargers being unable to activate deeply discharged batteries and the battery swelling or even fire and explosion caused by prolonged high current charging of damaged batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0011] The present invention provides a portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front view of this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger.

[0013] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top-view planar structural diagram;

[0014] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the planar structure viewed from below;

[0015] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the left-side planar structure;

[0016] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the right-side planar structure;

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the logic structure and connection principle of the charging main control board of this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a circuit diagram of the rectifier and filter circuit, DC-DC conversion circuit, and pulse activation bypass circuit of the charging main control board of this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of the microcontroller control circuit of the charging main control board of this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger.

[0020] In the picture:

[0021] 1-Semi-enclosed shell; 11-Upper shell; 12-Lower shell; 13-Heat dissipation slot; 14-Bayonet;

[0022] 2-Connecting cable; 21-Modifying limit device;

[0023] 3-Charging main control board; 31-Rectifier and filter circuit; 32-DC-DC conversion circuit; 33-Pulse activation bypass circuit; 34-Microcontroller control circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with specific embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0027] Implementation method 1: such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger includes a semi-enclosed housing 1, connecting cables 2, and a charging main control board 3. The charging main control board 3 is installed and fixed inside the semi-enclosed housing 1. Two connecting cables 2 are threaded and fixed at both ends of the semi-enclosed housing 1 and extend into the semi-enclosed housing 1 to connect with the charging main control board 3. The semi-enclosed housing 1 includes a detachably connected upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12. Both the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 have heat dissipation slots 13 on both sides that extend into the cavity of the semi-enclosed housing 1. When the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 are fastened together, they form a structure for securing the connecting cables. The charging main control board 3 integrates a rectifier filter circuit 31, a DC-DC converter circuit 32, a pulse activation bypass circuit 33, and a microcontroller control circuit 34. The pulse activation bypass circuit 33 is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit 32. The power supply input terminal is connected to the charging output terminal through the rectifier filter circuit 31, the DC-DC converter circuit 32, and the pulse activation bypass circuit 33. The input terminal of the microcontroller control circuit 34 is connected to the battery being charged, and the output terminal of the microcontroller control circuit 34 is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit 32 and the pulse activation bypass circuit 33. During operation: The microcontroller control circuit first detects whether the battery is reverse-connected. If the battery is reverse-connected, the pulse-activated bypass circuit controlled by the microcontroller control circuit does not work. If the battery is not reverse-connected, the microcontroller control circuit controls the pulse-activated bypass circuit to send a small current pulse charge. If the battery is in undervoltage protection state, after the charger stops sending the pulse voltage, the battery voltage rises due to the pulse charging. When the microcontroller control circuit detects that the battery has a certain voltage, it starts the main circuit to charge the battery in pre-charge mode. At this time, the low voltage current is generally 0.3*Imax, which facilitates battery repair. At the same time, the pre-charge has a time limit to prevent faulty batteries from bulging and deforming due to prolonged charging. After charging to a certain voltage, it charges with a constant current Imax, then charges with a constant voltage after charging to a certain voltage, and finally trickle charging. When the voltage and current meet the conditions, the green light turns on to indicate that the battery is fully charged. The microcontroller control circuit presets the time for each stage and the total time to prevent faulty batteries from being charged for a long time.

[0028] Implementation method 2: such as Figure 7 , 8As shown, this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger includes an N-channel MOSFET, a current-limiting PTC, and an anti-reverse-current diode on the pulse activation bypass circuit 33 for controlling the pulse output. The pulse activation bypass circuit uses an N-channel MOSFET and is controlled by the output signal of the microcontroller control circuit. Since the N-channel MOSFET can conduct under high voltage, it can be well controlled with an external power supply voltage, saving costs. The PTC is connected in series in the pulse activation bypass circuit to limit the pulse current and prevent damage to the battery. The diode is also included in the pulse activation bypass circuit to prevent reverse current from damaging the charger body. The output terminal of the microcontroller control circuit 34 is connected to the N-channel MOSFET. It receives the output signal from the microcontroller control circuit and executes the output of the pulse activation bypass circuit. The remaining structures and components are as described in Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated.

[0029] Implementation method 3: such as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, both connecting cables 2 of this portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger are equipped with H-shaped locking retainers 21. The bayonet 14 at the input end of the semi-enclosed housing 1 is located on one side, and a concentric annular heat dissipation groove 13 is formed next to the bayonet 14 on this side. The bayonet at the output end of the semi-enclosed housing 1 is located in the center of the other side, and a straight encircling heat dissipation groove 13 is formed around the bayonet 14 on this side. When the upper and lower housings are fastened together, the bayonet is fastened into the central recess of the H-shaped locking retainer, thereby fixing the connecting cables to the semi-enclosed housing. This not only facilitates disassembly and maintenance but also reduces component costs and facilitates standardization. An encircling heat dissipation groove is formed on the charging side, directing the main heat dissipation direction towards the load, providing a good, reasonable, and safe heat dissipation effect. The outer ends of the two connecting cables 2 are respectively equipped with plugs for connecting to AC power and for connecting to the load charging port. The inner ends of the two connecting cables 2 extend into the semi-enclosed housing 1 and are respectively connected to the power input terminal and charging output terminal integrated on the charging main control board 3. The remaining structures and components are as described in Embodiment 1 and will not be described again.

[0030] This portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger overcomes the shortcomings of existing chargers in terms of shell structure design, motherboard safety, and functionality. It is safe, reliable, durable, and has a low failure rate. Its shell design provides excellent heat dissipation and facilitates assembly, disassembly, and maintenance. The motherboard, in addition to reverse connection protection and undervoltage pulse activation, offers some repair capabilities for lithium batteries. It also features auxiliary functions such as battery damage-related charge stop, current limiting protection, and reverse current prevention. This solves the problems of existing chargers being unable to activate deeply discharged batteries and the battery swelling or even fire and explosion caused by prolonged high-current charging of damaged batteries. The charger's specific parameters are: Input voltage: 176VAC-264VAC; Output power: 580W, voltage range: 24Vdc-88Vdc; Current: maximum 10A. It is widely applicable to electric two-wheelers, electric tricycles, electric cars, sightseeing vehicles, police vehicles, forklifts, communications, and power industries.

[0031] The above description illustrates the main features, basic principles, and advantages of this utility model. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments or examples described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the above embodiments or examples should be considered exemplary and not restrictive. The scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and therefore all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger, characterized in that: The device includes a semi-enclosed housing (1), connecting cables (2), and a charging main control board (3). The charging main control board (3) is installed and fixed inside the semi-enclosed housing (1). Two connecting cables (2) are threaded and fixed at both ends of the semi-enclosed housing (1) and extend into the semi-enclosed housing (1) to connect with the charging main control board (3). The semi-enclosed housing (1) includes a detachably connected upper housing (11) and a lower housing (12). Both sides of the upper housing (11) and the lower housing (12) have heat dissipation slots (13) that extend into the cavity of the semi-enclosed housing (1). When the upper housing (11) and the lower housing (12) are fastened together, a bayonet (14) is formed for securing the connecting cable. The bayonet (14) at the input end of the semi-enclosed housing (1) is located on one side, and a concentric annular heat dissipation groove (13) is formed next to the bayonet (14) on this side; the bayonet (14) at the output end of the semi-enclosed housing (1) is located in the center of the other side, and a straight encircling heat dissipation groove (13) is formed on the outer periphery of the bayonet (14) on this side. The charging main control board (3) integrates a rectifier filter circuit (31), a DC-DC converter circuit (32), a pulse activation bypass circuit (33), and a microcontroller control circuit (34). The pulse activation bypass circuit (33) is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit (32). The power supply input terminal is connected to the charging output terminal via the rectifier filter circuit (31), the DC-DC converter circuit (32), and the pulse activation bypass circuit (33). The input terminal of the microcontroller control circuit (34) is connected to the battery being charged, and the output terminal of the microcontroller control circuit (34) is connected to the DC-DC converter circuit (32) and the pulse activation bypass circuit (33).

2. The portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulse activation bypass circuit (33) is equipped with an N-channel MOS transistor for controlling pulse output, a current-limiting PTC, and an anti-backflow diode.

3. The portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output terminal of the microcontroller control circuit (34) is connected to the N-channel MOS transistor.

4. The portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both connecting cables (2) are equipped with H-type locking devices (21).

5. The portable semi-enclosed lithium battery charger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer ends of the two connecting cables (2) are respectively provided with plugs for connecting AC power and for connecting the load charging port; the inner ends of the two connecting cables (2) extend into the semi-enclosed housing (1) and are respectively connected to the power input terminal and the charging output terminal integrated on the charging main control board (3).

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