LIN bus interface device and LIN bus communication system
By designing a LIN bus interface device that includes a USB unit, a LIN bus unit, and a signal isolation unit, high- and low-speed hybrid communication is achieved, solving the application limitations and fixed roles of traditional LIN bus devices. It is suitable for scenarios such as ECU flashing and real-time diagnostics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHANGHAI TOSUN TECH LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-05
AI Technical Summary
Traditional LIN bus devices have a single interface speed, which limits their application scenarios. Furthermore, the fixed master-slave roles restrict the scope of application of these devices.
A LIN bus interface device was designed, comprising a USB unit, a LIN bus unit, a signal isolation unit, and a microcontroller module. The USB unit enables high-speed data interaction, the LIN bus unit enables low-speed device control, the signal isolation unit improves transmission stability, and the master-slave switching module flexibly switches node roles.
It achieves high- and low-speed hybrid communication, which is suitable for strict anti-interference scenarios such as ECU flashing and real-time diagnostics. It solves the application limitations of traditional LIN bus devices and improves the flexibility and reliability of the devices.
Smart Images
Figure CN224205098U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to bus communication technology, specifically relating to a LIN bus interface device and a LIN bus communication system. Background Technology
[0002] LIN (Local Interconnect Network) bus is a low-cost, low-speed (up to 20kbps) serial communication protocol, mainly targeting distributed control scenarios in automotive electronics, such as door control, seat adjustment, air conditioning systems, and lighting.
[0003] However, the single-speed interface of traditional LIN bus devices limits their application scenarios, and the fixed master-slave role of traditional LIN bus devices further restricts their application.
[0004] Therefore, solving the application limitations caused by the single-rate interface of traditional LIN bus devices is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, this utility model provides a LIN bus interface device and a LIN bus communication system.
[0006] This utility model provides a LIN bus interface device, including:
[0007] USB unit;
[0008] LIN bus unit;
[0009] Signal isolation unit; and
[0010] The microcontroller module transmits USB data via the USB unit and receives or sends LIN signals via the signal isolation unit and the LIN bus unit in sequence.
[0011] Furthermore, the signal isolation unit includes: a first isolation module for isolating control signals output by the microcontroller module and a second isolation module for isolating LIN bus data signals;
[0012] The input channel pin of the first isolation module is electrically connected to the enable control signal pin of the microcontroller module, and its output channel pin outputs the LIN bus enable signal to the LIN bus unit.
[0013] The first input channel pin of the second isolation module is electrically connected to the bus signal transmission pin of the microcontroller module, and its first output channel pin is electrically connected to the LIN bus input pin of the LIN bus unit; and
[0014] The second input channel pin of the second isolation module is electrically connected to the LIN bus output pin of the LIN bus unit, and its second output channel pin is electrically connected to the bus signal receiving pin of the microcontroller module.
[0015] Furthermore, the LIN bus unit includes: a LIN transceiver;
[0016] The enable signal pin of the LIN transceiver is electrically connected to the output channel pin of the first isolation module, its LIN bus output pin is electrically connected to the second input channel pin of the second isolation module, its LIN bus input pin is electrically connected to the first output channel pin of the second isolation module; and the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver is connected to an external bus device via the LIN bus.
[0017] Furthermore, the LIN bus unit also includes a master-slave switching module electrically connected to the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver; the master-slave switching module includes a relay and a MOSFET; the negative terminal pin of the relay coil is electrically connected to the drain (D) terminal of the MOSFET; the switching signal pin of the microcontroller module is electrically connected to the gate (G) terminal of the MOSFET to control the switching of the MOSFET, thereby controlling the bus signal output by the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver to switch the master and slave nodes.
[0018] Furthermore, the USB unit includes: a USB connector and a USB data transceiver;
[0019] A USB connector for physical connection to the host computer; and
[0020] The USB transceiver is electrically connected to the USB connector and the microcontroller module respectively to send and receive corresponding USB data.
[0021] Furthermore, the LIN bus interface device also includes a power management module for power supply.
[0022] In another aspect, this utility model also provides a LIN bus communication system, comprising:
[0023] Host computer, external bus devices, and LIN bus interface devices as described above;
[0024] The LIN bus interface device is connected to the host computer via a USB unit for USB data transmission; and
[0025] The LIN bus interface device is connected to the external bus device in sequence through a signal isolation unit and a LIN bus unit to perform LIN bus data transmission.
[0026] The beneficial effects of this utility model are that the LIN bus interface device of this utility model realizes high-speed data interaction through the USB unit and low-speed device control through the LIN bus unit. Together with the signal isolation unit, it forms a complete embedded communication solution, which is particularly suitable for scenarios that require high-speed and low-speed mixed communication and strict anti-interference requirements, such as ECU flashing (requiring high-speed data transmission) and real-time diagnosis (requiring low-speed device control). It solves the technical problem of the limitations of traditional single-rate interfaces. Attached Figure Description
[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0028] Figure 1 These are design block diagrams of LIN bus interface devices involved in some embodiments;
[0029] Figure 2 These are partial circuit diagrams of the microcontroller modules involved in some embodiments;
[0030] Figure 3 This is another part of the circuit diagram of the microcontroller module involved in some embodiments;
[0031] Figure 4 This is a partial circuit diagram of the first isolation module involved in some embodiments;
[0032] Figure 5 This is a partial circuit diagram of the second isolation module involved in some embodiments;
[0033] Figure 6 These are partial circuit diagrams of LIN transceivers involved in some embodiments;
[0034] Figure 7 These are partial circuit diagrams of the master-slave switching module involved in some embodiments;
[0035] Figure 8 This is a partial circuit diagram of a USB data transceiver involved in some embodiments;
[0036] Figure 9 These are partial circuit diagrams of the USB connectors involved in some embodiments;
[0037] Figure 10 This is a partial circuit diagram of the first power module involved in some embodiments;
[0038] Figure 11 These are partial circuit diagrams of the second power supply module involved in some embodiments;
[0039] Figure 12 These are partial circuit diagrams of the third power supply module involved in some embodiments;
[0040] Figure 13 These are block diagrams illustrating the principles of a LIN bus communication system as described in some embodiments. Detailed Implementation
[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the present invention.
[0042] Traditional LIN bus devices have a single interface speed, which limits their application scenarios. Furthermore, the fixed master-slave roles of traditional LIN bus devices further restrict their application.
[0043] Therefore, solving the application limitations caused by the single-rate interface of traditional LIN bus devices is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field.
[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, at least one embodiment provides a LIN bus interface device, including: a USB unit; a LIN bus unit; a signal isolation unit; and a microcontroller module, which transmits USB data via the USB unit and receives or transmits LIN signals sequentially via the signal isolation unit and the LIN bus unit.
[0045] Specifically, the LIN bus interface device in this embodiment achieves high-speed data interaction through the USB unit and low-speed device control through the LIN bus unit. Together with the signal isolation unit, it forms a complete embedded communication solution, which is particularly suitable for scenarios that require mixed high- and low-speed communication and strict anti-interference requirements, such as ECU flashing (requiring high-speed data transmission) and real-time diagnostics (requiring low-speed device control). It solves the technical problem of the limitation of the single-rate interface of traditional LIN bus interface devices.
[0046] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the microcontroller module U1 is, for example but not limited to, an STM32F407VET6 embedded microcontroller.
[0047] In some embodiments, the signal isolation unit includes: a first isolation module for isolating control signals output by the microcontroller module and a second isolation module for isolating LIN bus data signals; the input channel pin of the first isolation module is electrically connected to the enable control signal pin of the microcontroller module, and its output channel pin outputs a LIN bus enable signal to the LIN bus unit; the first input channel pin of the second isolation module is electrically connected to the bus signal transmitting pin of the microcontroller module, and its first output channel pin is electrically connected to the LIN bus input pin of the LIN bus unit; and the second input channel pin of the second isolation module is electrically connected to the LIN bus output pin of the LIN bus unit, and its second output channel pin is electrically connected to the bus signal receiving pin of the microcontroller module.
[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 4 He Ru Figure 5 As shown, the first isolation module U7 is, for example but not limited to, an ADUM1201BRZ-RL7 dual-channel digital isolator; the second isolation module U4 is, for example but not limited to, an NSI8221N1 isolator.
[0049] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the LIN bus unit includes: a LIN transceiver U5; the enable signal pin of the LIN transceiver is electrically connected to the output channel pin of the first isolation module U7, its LIN bus output pin is electrically connected to the second input channel pin of the second isolation module, its LIN bus input pin is electrically connected to the first output channel pin of the second isolation module; and the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver is connected to an external bus device via the LIN bus.
[0050] Specifically, the input channel pin VIB of the first isolation module U7 is electrically connected to the enable control signal MCU_LIN_EN pin of the microcontroller module, and its output channel pin VOB outputs the LIN bus enable signal LIN_EN to the LIN transceiver U5; the first input channel pin VIA of the second isolation module U4 is electrically connected to the bus signal USART1_TX transmit pin of the microcontroller module, and its first output channel pin VOA is electrically connected to the LIN signal input pin LIN_TX of the LIN bus unit U5; and the second input channel pin VIB of the second isolation module U4 is electrically connected to the LIN signal output pin LIN_RX of the LIN bus unit U5, and its second output channel pin VOB is electrically connected to the bus signal USART1_RX receive pin of the microcontroller module.
[0051] Specifically, the microcontroller module controls the start and stop of the LIN transceiver U5 via the first isolation module U7 using the enable control signal MCU_LIN_EN. This allows the LIN transceiver U5 to be shut down during non-working periods, significantly reducing its standby power consumption. Furthermore, the first isolation module U7 and the second isolation module U4 isolate the logic side (3.3V) of the microcontroller module from the LIN bus side (5V / 12V), blocking common-mode interference and high-voltage surges, preventing common-mode interference from damaging the microcontroller module. This embodiment also employs a layered isolation design, where the first isolation module U7 isolates the enable control signal, and the second isolation module U4 isolates the LIN bus data signal, improving the transmission stability and reliability of the LIN bus data signal.
[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 7 As shown, the LIN bus unit further includes a master-slave switching module electrically connected to the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver; the master-slave switching module includes a relay and a MOSFET; the negative coil pin of the relay is electrically connected to the drain (D) of the MOSFET; the switching signal pin of the microcontroller module is electrically connected to the gate (G) of the MOSFET to control the switching of the MOSFET, thereby controlling the bus signal output by the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver to switch the master and slave nodes.
[0053] Specifically, the relay U6, for example but not limited to, is an HFD4 / 5 type relay. One of its common pins is connected to the power supply VCC_LIN via diode D3 and to the power supply VCC_12V via diode D2. Its normally open contact pin is electrically connected to the bus interface pin LIN of the LIN transceiver U5 via pull-up resistor R68. The power supply VCC_12V is connected to the anode of diode D2, and the cathode of diode D2 is also grounded via pull-up resistor R67 and capacitor C62. The power supply VCC_LIN is connected to the anode of diode D3.
[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, relay U6 and MOSFET Q1 enable the LIN bus interface device to switch between master and slave nodes, allowing it to flexibly adapt to different scenarios and solving the problem of fixed master / slave roles in traditional LIN bus interface devices. The specific switching process is as follows: When the microcontroller module does not send a switching signal LIN_Res_0 to relay U6, MOSFET Q1 is turned off, and pins 3 and 4 of relay U6 are open. At this time, the LIN signal is pulled up by a 10kΩ pull-up resistor R67 (connected to VCC_12V power supply), configuring it as a slave node. When the microcontroller module sends a switching signal LIN_Res_0 to relay U6, MOSFET Q1 is turned on, and pins 3 and 4 of relay U6 are closed. At this time, the LIN signal is pulled up by a 1kΩ pull-up resistor R68 (connected to the external power supply VCC_LIN of the LIN transceiver), configuring it as a master node.
[0055] The LIN transceiver U5's bus interface pin LIN is also connected to the LIN bus LIN_SIGNAL to send LIN signals to external bus devices or receive LIN signals from external bus devices.
[0056] Specifically, the process of the microcontroller module sending bus signals is as follows: the microcontroller module sends an enable control signal MCU_LIN_EN to the first isolation module U7 to output the LIN bus enable signal LIN_EN, thereby starting the LIN transceiver U5. Then, the microcontroller module sends the bus signal USART1_TX to the LIN transceiver U5 after isolation by the second isolation module U4. After receiving the LIN signal through the LIN_TX pin, the LIN transceiver U5 transmits the LIN signal to the external bus device through its bus interface pin LIN via the LIN bus LIN_SIGNAL.
[0057] Specifically, the process of the microcontroller module receiving bus signals is as follows: after the LIN transceiver U5 receives the bus signal from the external bus device through its bus interface pin LIN, the LIN signal output through the pin LIN_RX is isolated by the second isolation module U4, and the second isolation module U4 outputs the bus signal USART1_RX to the microcontroller module.
[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the USB unit includes: a USB connector J2 and a USB transceiver U2; the USB connector J2 is physically connected to the host computer; and the USB transceiver U2 is electrically connected to the USB connector J2 and the microcontroller module respectively to send and receive corresponding USB data.
[0059] Specifically, the USB transceiver U2 may be, for example, but not limited to, a USB3300 transceiver.
[0060] In some embodiments, the LIN bus interface device further includes a power management module for power supply.
[0061] like Figures 10 to 12 As shown, the power management module includes: a first power module U11, whose input terminal is electrically connected to power supply EVM_5V0 to output a first voltage EVM_3V3 of 3.3V; a second power module M2, whose input terminal is electrically connected to power supply EVM_5V0 to output a second voltage VCC_12V of 12V; and a third power module U9, whose input terminal is electrically connected to the second voltage VCC_12V to output a third voltage VCC_5V of 5V.
[0062] Specifically, the first power module U11 uses, for example but not limited to, a DC-DC converter chip of type SY8089AAAC; the second power module M2 uses, for example but not limited to, an isolated power module of type F0512S-1WR3; and the third power module U9 uses, for example but not limited to, an AMS1117-5.0 voltage regulator. The power supply requirements of the corresponding electronic components of this LIN bus interface device are met through the first, second and third power modules.
[0063] like Figure 13 As shown, some embodiments also provide a LIN bus communication system, including: a host computer, an external bus device, and a LIN bus interface device as described above; the LIN bus interface device is connected to the host computer via a USB unit for USB data transmission; and the LIN bus interface device is connected to the external bus device sequentially via a signal isolation unit and a LIN bus unit for LIN bus data transmission.
[0064] Specifically, the external bus device is, for example, but not limited to, an automotive ECU. The structure and working principle of the LIN bus interface device are detailed in the previously described LIN bus interface device description, and will not be repeated here.
[0065] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A LIN bus interface device, characterized in that, include: USB unit; LIN bus unit; Signal isolation unit; as well as The microcontroller module transmits USB data via the USB unit and receives or sends LIN signals via the signal isolation unit and the LIN bus unit in sequence.
2. The LIN bus interface device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal isolation unit includes: A first isolation module for isolating control signals output by the microcontroller module and a second isolation module for isolating LIN bus data signals; The input channel pin of the first isolation module is electrically connected to the enable control signal pin of the microcontroller module, and its output channel pin outputs the LIN bus enable signal to the LIN bus unit. The first input channel pin of the second isolation module is electrically connected to the bus signal transmission pin of the microcontroller module, and its first output channel pin is electrically connected to the LIN bus input pin of the LIN bus unit; and The second input channel pin of the second isolation module is electrically connected to the LIN bus output pin of the LIN bus unit, and its second output channel pin is electrically connected to the bus signal receiving pin of the microcontroller module.
3. The LIN bus interface device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The LIN bus unit includes: a LIN transceiver; The enable signal pin of the LIN transceiver is electrically connected to the output channel pin of the first isolation module, its LIN bus output pin is electrically connected to the second input channel pin of the second isolation module, and its LIN bus input pin is electrically connected to the first output channel pin of the second isolation module; and The bus interface pins of the LIN transceiver are connected to external bus devices via the LIN bus.
4. The LIN bus interface device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The LIN bus unit further includes a master-slave switching module electrically connected to the bus interface pins of the LIN transceiver; The master-slave switching module includes: a relay and a MOSFET; The negative terminal of the relay coil is electrically connected to the drain terminal of the MOS transistor. The switching signal pin of the microcontroller module is electrically connected to the gate (G) of the MOS transistor to control the switching of the MOS transistor, thereby controlling the bus signal output by the bus interface pin of the LIN transceiver to switch the master and slave nodes.
5. The LIN bus interface device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The USB unit includes: a USB connector and a USB data transceiver; A USB connector for physical connection to the host computer; and The USB transceiver is electrically connected to the USB connector and the microcontroller module respectively to send and receive corresponding USB data.
6. The LIN bus interface device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The LIN bus interface device also includes a power management module for power supply.
7. A LIN bus communication system, characterized in that, include: A host computer, an external bus device, and a LIN bus interface device as described in any one of claims 1-6; The LIN bus interface device is connected to the host computer via a USB unit for USB data transmission; and The LIN bus interface device is connected to the external bus device in sequence through a signal isolation unit and a LIN bus unit to perform LIN bus data transmission.