Electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning and separated fire control device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring and early warning separation fire control device. The device comprises protective shells fixed to the two sides of a parking space, detection executing mechanisms arranged in the protective shells and lifting separation mechanisms. The lifting separation mechanism comprises a fireproof winding drum, a front air pressure spring and a rear air pressure spring which are installed in the protective shell, a ratchet wheel is arranged on the fireproof winding drum, a cross rod is installed between the front air pressure spring and the rear air pressure spring, and the end of a fireproof curtain face arranged on the fireproof winding drum is connected with the cross rod. The detection executing mechanism comprises a unit microprocessor, an executing motor and a microswitch which are fixed in a shell of the detection executing mechanism, and a flame detector, a temperature sensor and a fusible reed which are arranged on one side, close to the automobile, of the surface of a protective shell. The device can be configured and installed with a parking space, can accurately monitor a possible lithium battery thermal runaway fire hazard of a parked and charged electric automobile in an early stage, automatically sends an alarm signal, lifts a fireproof curtain surface, and sprays water for cooling and fire control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electric vehicle fire early warning and initial fire control technology, and more specifically, to an electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation and fire control device. Background Technology

[0002] Fires involving electric vehicles during parking, charging, and driving are frequently reported in the media. On the one hand, most fires are caused by thermal runaway of a lithium battery cell within the vehicle's power battery pack, and the initial danger is difficult to detect. On the other hand, the special waterproof design of the pack makes manual external handling difficult. Furthermore, the jet fire and intense heat radiation generated by the pack can cause adjacent parked vehicles to catch fire in succession.

[0003] With the continuous increase in the number of electric vehicles and the fact that the inherent safety of lithium batteries cannot be fully guaranteed, people's concerns about fires caused by electric vehicles parked in underground parking garages are growing. There have been many cases, both domestically and internationally, where a fire caused by one electric vehicle ignited multiple nearby vehicles or even the entire parking garage.

[0004] According to national standards, newly built residential communities and parking lots must be equipped with electric vehicle charging stations. On-site investigations revealed that existing residential communities and public buildings have various types of parking lots (including underground, semi-underground, mechanical multi-level, and open-air parking lots) with a certain number of electric vehicle charging stations. Electric vehicles are scattered across various parking spaces. If an electric vehicle experiences lithium battery thermal runaway and catches fire, without accurate detection and early warning methods, physical fire separation, and initial fire control measures, it could trigger a large-scale fire, causing severe fire damage and casualties. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application addresses the aforementioned technical problems by designing a fire monitoring, early warning, and fire control device for electric vehicle parking spaces. It solves the technical problem in the prior art that electric vehicle battery fires cannot be detected, warned, and controlled in a timely and accurate manner, achieving the technical effects of accurate early detection and warning of fires, timely initial fire control, and effective fire isolation to prevent the spread of fires.

[0006] This application provides a fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device for electric vehicle parking spaces, including a protective housing fixed to both sides of the parking space. The device is characterized by further including a detection actuator and a lifting separation mechanism disposed within the protective housing.

[0007] The lifting and separating mechanism includes a fireproof roller and front and rear pneumatic springs installed inside the protective housing. A ratchet is provided on the fireproof roller, and a crossbar is installed between the front and rear pneumatic springs. The end of the fireproof curtain on the fireproof roller is connected to the crossbar.

[0008] The detection actuator includes a unit microprocessor, an actuator motor, a micro switch, and a temperature sensor, a flame detector, and a fusible spring disposed on the surface of the protective housing near the vehicle side, all fixed within the housing.

[0009] The output shaft of the actuator motor is connected to the stop pin on the ratchet via a steel wire rope.

[0010] Preferably, the system also includes a water spray fire control mechanism, which includes a DN25 galvanized pipe that passes through the protective housing, a water spray nozzle that is installed on the DN25 galvanized pipe, and a control valve that is installed at the front end of the DN25 galvanized pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the control valve includes a piston valve and a latch connected to the piston valve, the end of the latch being connected to the wire rope.

[0012] Preferably, the protective housing includes a steel outer protective plate and a dust cover disposed on the steel outer protective plate.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the protective shell is provided with a reset screw for winding up the fireproof curtain, which is connected to the fireproof roller.

[0014] Preferably, a remote alarm unit located at the rear of the parking space is also included. The remote alarm unit includes a microcontroller and a 4G or 5G communication module. The microcontroller is connected to the unit microprocessor via a CAN bus. The 4G or 5G communication module signal is directly integrated into the microcontroller. The microcontroller and the unit microprocessor have no less than 5 I / O communication ports. After receiving the alarm signal from the unit microprocessor, the microcontroller determines that the alarm is true and then sends a command to drive the motor to operate via the CAN bus. At the same time, it sends alarm information to the mobile phone of the vehicle owner or manager via the 4G or 5G communication module.

[0015] Preferably, the device also includes a tension spring connected to one end of the protective housing. The fusible spring is placed in an adapter hole on the protective housing, with its outer surface flush with the protective housing. The inner side of the fusible spring is fixedly connected to the pull rod. The pull rod is connected to the other end of the tension spring. The micro switch is located outside the pull rod, with its moving contact side close to the pull rod. When the fusible spring melts, the tension spring contracts, causing the pull rod to press the moving contact of the micro switch, generating a signal that is sent to the unit microprocessor.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the pull rod has a through hole, and the pull rod is supported on the mounting base of the actuator motor by a 6mm diameter support shaft passing through the through hole.

[0017] When the fire monitoring unit of this utility model detects one or more physical parameters, including but not limited to smoke, temperature, visible light, and abnormal sound caused by lithium battery thermal runaway, it sends an alarm message to the remote alarm unit. Upon receiving an alarm message from the detection actuator or a manually triggered signal, the remote alarm unit, after logical judgment (temperature exceeding ambient temperature by 30°C, visible light present), sends alarm messages, including but not limited to sound, light, voice, and text, to the vehicle owner, parking lot manager, fire control room operator, and mini fire station operator via local or wireless communication; simultaneously, it sends an execution command to the detection actuator. After the detection actuator completes its action, the lifting and separating mechanism unlocks the gas spring, causing the fireproof curtain, which is in a rolled-up state, to automatically rise, forming a physical separation (after the action, it can be retracted to a folded state by hand-cranking the reset screw, or it can be manually released on-site).

[0018] As the water spray fire control mechanism and the lifting separation mechanism are unlocked, high-pressure water is introduced into the water distribution pipe of the water spray fire control mechanism and sprayed out by the sprinkler head to form a water curtain between the burning vehicle and the fireproof curtain. This dilutes the smoke and cools the ambient temperature, effectively protecting nearby vehicles and preventing more serious fires while controlling the fire on the burning vehicle.

[0019] The technical solution provided in this application has at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0020] 1. Precise monitoring: This utility model device is installed with electric vehicle parking spaces and can accurately monitor the potential lithium battery thermal runaway fire of parked and charging electric vehicles in the early stages. It will automatically issue an alarm signal, raise the fireproof curtain, and spray water to cool down and control the fire.

[0021] 2. Multi-party alarm: Alarm messages can be sent to multiple responsible parties such as vehicle owners, so that relevant personnel can quickly rush to the scene to take more effective fire extinguishing and fire control measures and reduce property damage and casualties.

[0022] 3. Concealed Separation: Normally hidden, it does not affect electric vehicles entering and exiting parking spaces or people getting in and out of vehicles; in case of fire, it automatically unfolds to complete the separation. The fireproof curtain itself has fire-resistant properties and, with the cooling effect of water, can effectively prevent the fire from spreading to nearby vehicles.

[0023] 4. Fire control and cooling: Continuous water spraying can effectively dilute the toxic fumes produced by the combustion of electric vehicles, reduce the temperature of the fire scene, and slow down the spread of the fire, thus buying valuable time for firefighters to arrive at the scene and even directly extinguishing the electric vehicle fire.

[0024] 5. This utility model device can effectively solve the major fire hazard of lithium battery thermal runaway of scattered electric vehicles causing a fire that spreads to multiple locations, while ensuring the rights and interests of parking space owners. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a top view of the device in its normal state in the embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the parking space side structure of the present invention in the embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded state of the lifting and separating mechanism of this utility model during a fire, and a partial enlarged schematic diagram of its structure, as shown in the embodiment.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a partial side sectional view of the structure of the present invention in the embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 This is an external view of the unfolded state of the structure of this utility model in the embodiment.

[0030] The components include: 1. Protective outer casing; 1-1. Steel outer protective plate; 1-2. Dustproof cover; 2. Detection and actuator mechanism; 2-1. Unit microprocessor; 2-2. Temperature sensor; 2-3. Flame detector; 2-4. Actuator motor; 2-5. Steel wire rope; 2-6. Fusible spring; 2-7. Micro switch; 2-8. Tension spring; 2-9. Pull rod; 3. Lifting and separating mechanism; 3-1. Stop pin; 3-2. Ratchet; 3-3. Front and rear gas springs; 3-4. Crossbar; 3-5. Fireproof roller; 3-6. Fireproof curtain; 3-7. Reset screw; 4. Sprinkler fire control mechanism; 4-1. Lock; 4-2. Plug valve; 4-3. DN25 galvanized pipe; 4-4. Sprinkler head; 5. DN40 galvanized pipe; 6. DN32 galvanized pipe; 7. Remote alarm section. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Example

[0032] This embodiment provides a fire monitoring, early warning, and separation fire control device for electric vehicle parking spaces, such as... Figures 1-5 As shown:

[0033] It includes a protective housing 1 fixed to both sides of the parking space, and a detection actuator 2 and a lifting and separating mechanism 3 installed inside the protective housing 1. Wherein:

[0034] The lifting and separating mechanism 3 includes a fireproof roller 3-5 and front and rear pneumatic springs 3-3 installed inside the protective housing 1. A ratchet 3-2 is provided on the fireproof roller 3-5, and a crossbar 3-4 is installed between the front and rear pneumatic springs 3-3. The end of the fireproof curtain 3-6 on the fireproof roller 3-5 is connected to the crossbar 3-4.

[0035] The detection actuator 2 includes a unit microprocessor 2-1 fixed inside the housing of the detection actuator, an actuator motor 2-4, a ZW7-15 industrial-grade micro switch 2-7, a tension spring 2-8 connected at one end to the housing of the detection actuator 2, and a temperature sensor 2-2, a flame detector 2-3, and a fusible spring 2-6 disposed on the surface of the protective housing 1 near the side of the vehicle; the ZW7-15 industrial-grade micro switch 2-7 is disposed on one side of the fusible spring 2-6 to monitor the state of the fusible spring.

[0036] More specifically, the fusible spring 2-6 is placed in the adapter hole on the protective housing 1, with its outer surface flush with the protective housing 1. The inner side of the fusible spring 2-6 is fixedly connected to the pull rod 2-9. The pull rod 2-9 is connected to the other end of the tension spring 2-8. The micro switch 2-7 is located outside the pull rod 2-9, with its moving contact side close to the pull rod. When the fusible spring 2-6 melts, the tension spring 2-8 contracts, causing the pull rod 2-9 to press the moving contact of the micro switch 2-7, generating a signal that is sent to the unit microprocessor 2-1.

[0037] Furthermore, a through hole is provided at the top of the pull rod 2-9, and the pull rod 2-9 is supported on the housing of the detection actuator 2 by a 6mm support shaft passing through the through hole.

[0038] Furthermore, the output shaft of the actuator 2-4 is connected to the stop pin 3-1 on the ratchet 3-2 via a wire rope 2-5.

[0039] This embodiment also includes a water spray fire control mechanism 4, which includes a DN25 galvanized pipe 4-3 penetrating the protective housing 1. A water spray nozzle 4-4 is installed on the DN25 galvanized pipe 4-3, and a control valve is installed at the front end of the DN25 galvanized pipe 4-3. More specifically, the control valve includes a piston valve 4-2 and a latch 4-1 connected to the piston valve 4-2. The end of the latch 4-1 is connected to a wire rope 2-5.

[0040] Preferably, the end of the protective housing 1 is provided with a reset screw 3-7 for winding up the fireproof curtain 3-6, which is connected to the fireproof roller 3-5.

[0041] The device's water supply pipe, a DN40 galvanized pipe, is connected to the indoor fire hydrant water supply pipe and installed along the parking space markings at the rear of the electric vehicle parking space. Normally, the detection and actuator monitors the initial fire characteristic parameters of the electric vehicle in real time; the remote alarm system is connected to the public network; the lifting and separating mechanism is in a retractable servo state, concealed within a protective casing, and does not obstruct vehicle entry and exit from the parking space; the sprinkler fire control mechanism is in a pressurized state.

[0042] Preferably, the protective shell 1 in this embodiment includes a steel outer protective plate 1-1 and a dust cover 1-2 disposed on the steel outer protective plate 1-1.

[0043] This embodiment also includes a remote alarm unit 7 located at the rear of the parking space. The remote alarm unit includes a microcontroller and a 4G (or 5G) communication module. The microcontroller is connected to the unit microprocessor 2-1 via a CAN bus. The 4G (or 5G) communication module signal is directly integrated into the microcontroller. The microcontroller and unit microprocessor 2-1 have no fewer than 5 I / O communication ports. After receiving an alarm signal from the unit microprocessor 2-1, the microcontroller sends a command to drive the motor via the CAN bus and simultaneously sends an alarm message to the vehicle owner's mobile phone via the 4G (or 5G) communication module. More specifically, when the microcontroller receives an alarm signal from the unit microprocessor and, upon logical judgment, confirms it is true, it sends a command to drive the motor via the CAN bus and issues an audible and visual alarm signal locally. Simultaneously, it can send alarm information to multiple mobile phone numbers via the 4G (or 5G) communication module, including an alarm message sent to the vehicle owner's mobile phone.

[0044] In this embodiment, the remote alarm unit is connected to the detection actuator 2 via a wire. The detection actuator 2, the lifting and separating mechanism 3, and the water sprinkler fire control mechanism 4 are connected by steel wire ropes 2-5 and are installed as a set inside the protective housing 1, along both sides of the electric vehicle parking space marking lines. One end of the DN32 galvanized pipe 6 is connected to the DN25 galvanized pipe 4-3 of the water sprinkler fire control unit, and the other end is connected to the DN40 galvanized pipe 5. The DN40 galvanized pipe 5 is connected to the water supply pipe of the indoor fire hydrant system.

[0045] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: When the fusible spring 2-6 of the detection actuator 2 melts due to the high temperature of an electric vehicle fire, one end of the pull rod 2-9 presses the moving contact of the ZW7-15 industrial-grade micro switch 2-7 to close. The micro switch 2-7 is connected to the unit microprocessor 2-1 via a wire. Alternatively, when the flame detector or temperature sensor of the detection actuator detects the flames or high temperature of an electric vehicle fire, it transmits the detected abnormal signal to the unit microprocessor 2-1. The unit microprocessor 2-1 analyzes the signal according to its internal logic program (flame wavelength and 60℃ high temperature, both parameters are adjustable), determines that a fire has occurred, and sends an alarm message to the microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the actuator motor 2-4 to pull the steel wire rope 2-5 via the CAN bus. The steel wire rope 2-5 pulls off the stop pin 3-1, the ratchet 3-2 is released, the fireproof drum 3-6 is unrestrained, the two gas springs 3-3 are activated, and the fireproof curtain 3-6 fixed on the crossbar 3-4 is raised. At the same time, the steel wire rope 2-5 pulls off the locking buckle 4-1, and the piston valve 4-2 connects to the water source under the action of the fire pipe network water pressure. The high pressure water flows through the DN40 galvanized pipe 5, DN32 galvanized pipe 6, and DN25 galvanized pipe 4-3, and is sprayed out by the sprinkler head 4-4 (when there is water in the fire pipe network, only the fire curtain is raised when there is no water).

[0046] While the microcontroller drives the motor to move, it sends an alarm message to a specific mobile phone number via a 4G (or 5G) communication module (when an abnormal ambient temperature or an open flame is detected, and it is uncertain whether a fire has occurred, an early warning message will be sent).

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire monitoring, early warning, and separation fire control device for electric vehicle parking spaces, comprising a protective outer shell (1) fixed to both sides of the parking space, characterized in that: It also includes a detection actuator (2) and a lifting and separating mechanism (3) installed inside the protective housing (1); The lifting and separating mechanism (3) includes a fireproof roller (3-5) and front and rear pneumatic springs (3-3) installed inside the protective shell (1). A ratchet (3-2) is provided on the fireproof roller (3-5). A crossbar (3-4) is installed between the front and rear pneumatic springs (3-3). The end of the fireproof curtain (3-6) on the fireproof roller (3-5) is connected to the crossbar (3-4). The detection actuator (2) includes a unit microprocessor (2-1), an actuator motor (2-4), a micro switch (2-7) fixed inside the housing of the detection actuator (2), and a temperature sensor (2-2), a flame detector (2-3), and a fusible spring (2-6) disposed on the surface of the protective housing (1) near the side of the vehicle. The output shaft of the actuator motor (2-4) is connected to the stop pin (3-1) on the ratchet (3-2) via a wire rope (2-5).

2. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water spray fire control mechanism (4), which includes a DN25 galvanized pipe (4-3) that runs through the protective shell (1), a water spray nozzle (4-4) on the DN25 galvanized pipe (4-3), and a control valve installed at the front end of the DN25 galvanized pipe (4-3).

3. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control valve includes a piston valve (4-2) and a latch (4-1) connected to the piston valve (4-2), the end of which is connected to the wire rope (2-5).

4. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective outer shell (1) includes a steel outer protective plate (1-1) and a dust cover (1-2) disposed on the steel outer protective plate (1-1).

5. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the protective shell (1) is provided with a reset screw (3-7) that is connected to the fireproof roller (3-5) for rolling up the fireproof curtain (3-6).

6. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a remote alarm section (7) located at the rear of the parking space. The remote alarm section includes a microcontroller and a 4G or 5G communication module. The microcontroller is connected to the unit microprocessor (2-1) via a CAN bus. The 4G or 5G communication module signal is directly integrated on the microcontroller. The microcontroller and the unit microprocessor (2-1) have no less than 5 I / O communication ports. After receiving the alarm signal from the unit microprocessor (2-1), the microcontroller drives the motor to perform the action and sends alarm information to the mobile phone of the car owner or manager through the 4G or 5G communication module.

7. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tension spring (2-8) with one end connected to the housing of the detection actuator (2). The fusible spring (2-6) is placed in the adapter hole on the protective housing (1), and its outer surface is flush with the protective housing. The inner side of the fusible spring (2-6) is fixedly connected to the pull rod (2-9). The pull rod (2-9) is connected to the other end of the tension spring (2-8). The micro switch (2-7) is located outside the pull rod (2-9). The moving contact side of the micro switch (2-7) is close to the pull rod (2-9). When the fusible spring (2-6) melts, the tension spring (2-8) contracts and drives the pull rod (2-9) to press the moving contact of the micro switch (2-7) to generate a signal and send it to the unit microprocessor (2-1).

8. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top of the pull rod (2-9) has a through hole, and the pull rod (2-9) is supported on the housing of the detection actuator (2) by a support shaft passing through the through hole.

9. The electric vehicle parking space fire monitoring, early warning, separation, and fire control device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the support shaft is 6mm.

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