Multipurpose test fixture for leaf spring in locomotive brake system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multipurpose test fixture for a leaf spring in a locomotive brake system, which comprises a bottom plate, a supporting assembly for supporting the middle of a leaf spring body is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the bottom plate, and a supporting and pressing assembly for supporting and pressing the right end of the leaf spring body is arranged at the right end of the upper end face of the bottom plate. The left end of the upper end face of the bottom plate is detachably provided with a limiting crimping assembly which is used for pressing the left end of the leaf spring body downwards and keeping a certain deformation distance. The device further comprises a rolling shaft assembly which is installed on an installation seat of the leaf spring body during testing. According to the utility model, three performance tests of elasticity modulus, deformation quantity and fatigue resistance can be carried out on the leaf spring, and multiple functions are realized, so that the types of clamps used in leaf spring performance tests are effectively reduced, and the cost input cost of the clamps is greatly reduced; after the leaf spring is fixed on the clamp, three performance tests of elasticity modulus, deformation quantity and fatigue resistance can be carried out in sequence, so that the labor cost is effectively reduced, the test efficiency is remarkably improved, and the requirement of large-batch delivery of the leaf spring can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of leaf spring testing fixture technology, specifically to a multi-purpose testing fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems. Background Technology

[0002] The train braking system is one of the most important safety devices on a train, and the leaf spring is a component used in the brake assembly of the train braking system. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a leaf spring includes a leaf spring body A. The leaf spring body A has a through hole A-1 penetrating its upper and lower end faces at its right end, and a mounting base B is riveted and fixed at its left end. The mounting base B has two arm blocks B-1 on its front and rear sides opposite to the leaf spring body A, and a U-shaped groove B-3 located between the two arm blocks B-1. The two arm blocks B-1 have through holes B-2 penetrating their front and rear end faces. After the leaf spring is processed, it needs to undergo three performance tests at a specific time: deformation, elastic modulus, and fatigue resistance. Currently, conducting these three performance tests on the leaf spring requires customizing three specific test fixtures and configuring corresponding test equipment. It also requires dividing the testing process into three steps: deformation, elastic modulus, and fatigue resistance. The problems with this testing method are as follows: Customizing three specific test fixtures and configuring corresponding testing equipment results in high equipment costs; dividing the testing process into three steps—forming variable, elastic modulus, and fatigue resistance—incurs high labor costs, and the overall testing efficiency for these three properties is low, making it difficult to meet the delivery requirements for large-volume leaf springs. Therefore, this utility model proposes a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the existing technology and provide a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems. In use, the right end of the leaf spring with a through hole is supported and pressed firmly onto a support and pressing assembly, while the middle of the leaf spring overlaps the support assembly. This leaves the left end of the leaf spring with a mounting base suspended on the left side of the support assembly. The multi-purpose fixture, loaded with the leaf spring to be tested, can be installed on the working platform of an electronic universal testing machine for elastic modulus and deformation testing. Alternatively, the multi-purpose fixture can be installed on the working platform of a fatigue testing machine for fatigue testing. The performance testing of this utility model's multi-purpose fixture allows for testing of three properties of leaf springs: elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance. This multi-purpose fixture effectively reduces the types of fixtures used in leaf spring performance testing, significantly lowering fixture costs. After the leaf spring is fixed to the fixture, the elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance tests can be performed sequentially, greatly shortening the clamping time and thus significantly reducing the overall testing time for these three properties. This effectively reduces labor costs and significantly improves testing efficiency, which is beneficial for meeting the demand for large-volume leaf spring deliveries and offers good economic benefits.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is to design a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems, including a base plate. The upper surface of the base plate is provided with a support component for supporting the middle part of the leaf spring body. The upper surface of the base plate is provided with a support and clamping component for supporting and clamping the right end of the leaf spring body. The upper surface of the base plate is detachably mounted with a limiting and pressing component for pressing down the left end of the leaf spring body and maintaining a certain deformation distance. It also includes a roller assembly installed on the mounting seat of the leaf spring body during testing.

[0005] This utility model discloses a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems. In use, the right end of the leaf spring, which has a through hole, is supported and clamped to a support and clamping assembly. The middle part of the leaf spring overlaps the support assembly, thus leaving the left end of the leaf spring, which has a mounting base, suspended to the left of the support assembly. The multi-purpose fixture, with the leaf spring loaded, can be installed on the working platform of an electronic universal testing machine for elastic modulus and deformation testing. Alternatively, it can be installed on the working platform of a fatigue testing machine for fatigue performance testing. This multi-purpose fixture can perform tests on three properties of leaf springs: elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance. It achieves multiple functions in one fixture, effectively reducing the types of fixtures used for leaf spring performance testing and significantly lowering fixture costs. After the leaf spring is fixed to the fixture, the three properties can be tested sequentially, greatly shortening the clamping time and thus significantly reducing the overall testing time for these three properties. This effectively reduces labor costs and significantly improves testing efficiency, which is beneficial for meeting the demand for large-volume leaf spring deliveries and offers good economic benefits.

[0006] The preferred technical solution is that the support component includes a support platform and a rotating shaft. The support platform is fixedly installed on the middle of the upper surface of the base plate. The upper surface of the support platform is provided with an arc-shaped groove that passes through both the front and rear end surfaces and opens upward. The rotating shaft is movably embedded in the arc-shaped groove, and the upper side of the rotating shaft protrudes outside the upper port of the arc-shaped groove.

[0007] The support and clamping assembly includes a second support platform and a first clamping assembly. The second support platform is fixedly installed on the right end of the upper surface of the base plate. The upper surface of the second support platform has an upward-opening countersunk groove in the middle. The bottom center of the countersunk groove has a second threaded hole. The first clamping assembly includes a clamping sleeve inserted into the countersunk groove and a locking bolt inserted into the clamping sleeve. The upper end of the clamping sleeve has an annular rim extending outward and overlapping the upper surface of the second support platform. The lower end of the locking bolt is screwed into the second threaded hole.

[0008] The limiting pressing assembly includes two support platforms three, a pressure plate, and two pressing components two with the same structure as the pressing assembly one. One support platform three is fixedly installed on the left front side of the upper surface of the base plate, and the other support platform three is fixedly installed on the left rear side of the upper surface of the base plate. A storage cavity is formed between the two support platforms three for moving the mounting seat on the leaf spring during deformation testing. The upper surface of the two support platforms three is provided with countersunk grooves with upward openings in the middle. The bottom center of the countersunk groove is provided with a threaded hole two. The two ends of the pressure plate are respectively provided with through holes three penetrating the plate body. One end of the pressure plate is fixed to the upper surface of one support platform three through a pressing component two that passes through the corresponding through hole three and the countersunk groove. The other end of the pressure plate is fixed to the upper surface of the other support platform three through another pressing component two that passes through the corresponding through hole three and the countersunk groove. The annular eaves of the pressing sleeve overlap the upper surface of the pressure plate.

[0009] The roller assembly includes a shaft, a bearing, and two spacers. The shaft is adapted to the through hole on the leaf spring. The middle part of the shaft is interference-fitted into the inner ring of the bearing, and the outer diameter of the bearing is greater than the thickness of the mounting seat on the leaf spring. The two spacers are movably connected to the shaft and are located adjacent to both sides of the bearing. Both spacers correspond to the inner ring of the bearing. The outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the shaft have annular grooves, and retaining springs are engaged inside the annular grooves. The support assembly, support clamping assembly, limiting clamping assembly, and roller assembly are ingeniously and rationally designed, and their coordinated performance during use ensures the successful preparation and implementation of the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems. Specifically, the rotating shaft on the support assembly provides rolling support to the middle of the leaf spring, allowing the shaft to synchronously adjust its real-time contact position with the middle of the leaf spring when the left end is subjected to force and deformation, avoiding interference with the leaf spring deformation and ensuring the accuracy of the leaf spring test results. The support clamping assembly provides good clamping stability to the right end of the leaf spring with a through hole, effectively preventing displacement of the left end of the leaf spring when subjected to test force. When the mounting seat at the left end of the leaf spring is subjected to test pressure, the upper side of the bearing on the roller assembly actually makes rolling contact with the drive head on the testing instrument. This protects the mounting seat and helps ensure the flexibility of the left end of the leaf spring during bending deformation, further ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0010] A further preferred technical solution is that the support assembly also includes two baffles. One baffle is fixed to the front end face of the support platform, and the other baffle is fixed to the rear end face of the support platform. The upper edges of the two baffles abut against the front and rear ends of the arc-shaped groove. The baffles fixed to the front and rear ends of the support platform provide axial restraint for the rotating shaft in the front-rear direction, effectively preventing the rotating shaft from slipping out of the arc-shaped groove on the upper end face of the support platform, thus ensuring the safety of the testing process.

[0011] A further preferred technical solution includes a mounting hole on the baffle plate, and threaded holes three adjacent to the lower side of the arc-shaped groove on both the front and rear end faces of the support platform. The baffle plate is fixedly mounted to the front or rear face of the support platform by bolts passing through the mounting hole and the threaded holes three on the front or rear face of the support platform. The method of fixing the baffle plate to the support platform is simple, ensuring the smooth preparation and implementation of this utility model's multi-purpose test fixture.

[0012] A further preferred technical solution includes a plurality of threaded holes on the upper surface of the base plate, and mounting holes penetrating the upper and lower end faces of the support platforms one, two, and three, respectively. The three platforms are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate by bolts passing through the corresponding mounting holes and threaded holes. The fixing and installation method of the support platforms one, two, and three on the base plate is simple, ensuring the smooth fabrication and implementation of this multi-purpose testing fixture. Simultaneously, the support platform three can be installed or removed at any time to allow for structural adjustments during the testing of elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance, ensuring flexibility of use.

[0013] A further preferred technical solution includes positioning holes penetrating the plate at both ends of the base plate, and lifting rings fixedly mounted at the left and / or right ends of the upper surface of the base plate. The positioning holes ensure convenient positioning of the base plate when it is fixedly installed on the workbench of a universal electronic testing machine or a fatigue testing machine; the lifting rings ensure the convenience of hoisting and transporting the multi-purpose testing fixture of this invention on different testing instruments when performing three performance tests on the leaf spring.

[0014] The advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] 1. This utility model discloses a multi-purpose testing fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems. In use, the right end of the leaf spring, which has a through hole, is supported and pressed firmly onto a support and pressing assembly. The middle part of the leaf spring overlaps the support assembly, thus leaving the left end of the leaf spring, which has a mounting base, suspended to the left of the support assembly. The multi-purpose fixture, loaded with the leaf spring to be tested, is then installed onto the working platform of an electronic universal testing machine to perform elastic modulus and deformation tests. Alternatively, the multi-purpose fixture can be installed onto the working platform of a fatigue testing machine to perform fatigue performance tests. The new multi-purpose fixture can perform tests on the elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance of leaf springs, achieving multiple functions in one fixture. This effectively reduces the types of fixtures used for leaf spring performance testing, significantly lowering fixture costs. After the leaf spring is fixed to the fixture, the elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance tests can be performed sequentially, greatly shortening the fixing and clamping time of the leaf spring on the fixture. This significantly reduces the overall testing time for the three properties of the leaf spring, effectively reducing labor costs, significantly improving testing efficiency, and helping to meet the demand for large-volume leaf spring deliveries, resulting in good economic benefits.

[0016] 2. The support assembly, support clamping assembly, limiting clamping assembly, and roller assembly have an ingenious and reasonable structural design. Their coordinated performance during use ensures the successful fabrication and implementation of this multi-purpose test fixture for locomotive braking systems. Specifically, the rotating shaft on the support assembly provides rolling support to the middle of the blade spring, allowing the shaft to synchronously adjust its real-time contact position with the middle of the blade spring when the left end is subjected to force and deformation, thus avoiding interference with the blade spring deformation and ensuring the accuracy of the blade spring test results. The support clamping assembly provides good clamping stability to the right end of the blade spring with a through hole, effectively preventing displacement of the left end of the blade spring when subjected to test force. When the mounting seat at the left end of the blade spring is subjected to test pressure, the upper side of the bearing on the roller assembly actually makes rolling contact with the drive head on the testing instrument. This protects the mounting seat and helps ensure the flexibility of the left end of the blade spring during bending deformation, further ensuring the accuracy of the test results.

[0017] 3. The baffles fixed to the front and rear end faces of the support platform play an axial limiting role in the front and rear directions of the rotating shaft, effectively preventing the rotating shaft from slipping out of the arc groove on the upper end face of the support platform, thus ensuring the safety of the testing process.

[0018] 4. The simple installation method of support platform one, support platform two, and support platform three on the base plate ensures the smooth preparation and implementation of the multi-purpose test fixture of this utility model. At the same time, support platform three can be installed or removed at any time to meet the structural adjustment requirements of the multi-purpose test fixture of this utility model when testing the elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance, thus ensuring the flexibility of use.

[0019] 5. The base plate has positioning holes penetrating the plate body at both ends, and lifting rings are fixedly provided at the left and / or right ends of the upper surface of the base plate. The positioning holes ensure convenient positioning when the base plate is fixedly installed on the workbench of a universal electronic testing machine or a fatigue testing machine; the lifting rings ensure the convenience of hoisting and transporting the multi-purpose test fixture of this utility model on different testing instruments when performing three performance tests on the leaf spring. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the leaf spring in the background art;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view from the right front side of the multipurpose test fixture for leaf springs in the locomotive braking system in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a split view of the right front side of the multipurpose test fixture for leaf springs in the locomotive braking system in Example 1;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a breakdown diagram of the roller assembly;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a breakdown diagram of the supporting components;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a split diagram of the supporting clamping components;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a usage diagram of the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in the locomotive braking system in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a partial longitudinal section view of the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems in Example 1, showing its usage status.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a right front top-down perspective view of the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in the locomotive braking system in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a usage diagram of the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in the locomotive braking system in Example 2;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a partial longitudinal section view of the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in the locomotive braking system in Example 2, showing its usage status.

[0031] In the diagram: A. Leaf spring body; B. Mounting base; A-1. Through hole one; B-1. Arm block; B-2. Through hole two; B-3. U-shaped groove; 1. Base plate; 2. Support assembly; 3. Support platform two; 4. Pressing assembly one; 5. Roller assembly; 6. Bolt; 7. Countersunk groove; 8. Limiting crimping assembly; 9. Pressing assembly two; 1-1. Threaded hole one; 1-2. Positioning hole; 1-3. Lifting ring; 2-1. Support platform one; 2-1a. Arc groove; 2-2. Rotating shaft; 2-3. Baffle; 4-1. Crimping sleeve; 4-1a. Annular eaves; 4-2. Locking bolt; 5-1. Shaft; 5-1a. Annular groove; 5-2. Bearing; 5-3. Spacer; 5-4. Snap ring; 7-1. Threaded hole two; 8-1. Support platform three; 8-2. Pressure plate; 8-3. Storage cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figures 2-6 As shown, a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in a locomotive braking system includes a base plate 1. The upper end face of the base plate 1 is provided with a support component 2 for supporting the middle part of the leaf spring body A. The upper end face of the base plate 1 is provided with a support and clamping component for supporting and clamping the right end of the leaf spring body A. It also includes a roller assembly 5 installed on the mounting seat B of the leaf spring body A during testing.

[0035] Preferably, the support component 2 includes a support platform 2-1 and a rotating shaft 2-2. The support platform 2-1 is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper end face of the base plate 1. The upper end face of the support platform 2-1 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 2-1a that passes through both the front and rear end faces and opens upward. The rotating shaft 2-2 is movably embedded in the arc-shaped groove 2-1a, and the upper side of the rotating shaft 2-2 protrudes outside the upper port of the arc-shaped groove 2-1a.

[0036] The support and clamping assembly includes a second support platform 3 and a first clamping assembly 4. The second support platform 3 is fixedly installed on the right end of the upper surface of the base plate 1. The upper surface of the second support platform 3 has an upward-opening countersunk groove 7 in the middle. The bottom center of the countersunk groove 7 has a second threaded hole 7-1. The first clamping assembly 4 includes a clamping sleeve 4-1 inserted into the countersunk groove 7 and a locking bolt 4-2 passing through the clamping sleeve 4-1. The upper end of the clamping sleeve 4-1 has an annular eave 4-1a extending outward and overlapping the upper surface of the second support platform 3. The lower end of the locking bolt 4-2 is screwed into the second threaded hole 7-1.

[0037] The roller assembly 5 includes a shaft 5-1, a bearing 5-2, and two spacers 5-3. The shaft 5-1 is adapted to the through hole B-2 on the leaf spring. The middle part of the shaft 5-1 is interference-fitted into the inner ring of the bearing 5-2, and the outer diameter of the bearing 5-2 is greater than the thickness of the mounting seat B on the leaf spring. The two spacers 5-3 are movably connected to the shaft 5-1 and are located adjacent to both sides of the bearing 5-2. Both spacers 5-3 correspond to the inner ring of the bearing 5-2. The outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the shaft 5-1 are respectively provided with annular grooves 5-1a, and retaining springs 5-4 are engaged inside the annular grooves 5-1a.

[0038] More preferably, the support component 2 further includes two baffles 2-3, one baffle 2-3 is fixed on the front end face of the support platform 2-1 and the other baffle 2-3 is fixed on the rear end face of the support platform 2-1, and the upper side edges of the two baffles 2-3 respectively abut against the front and rear ends of the arc groove 2-1a.

[0039] More preferably, the baffle 2-3 has a mounting hole, and the front and rear end faces of the support platform 2-1 have threaded holes 3 adjacent to the lower side of the arc groove 2-1a. The baffle 2-3 is fixedly installed on the front or rear face of the support platform 2-1 by bolts 6 passing through the mounting hole and the threaded holes 3 on the front or rear face of the support platform 2-1.

[0040] More preferably, the upper end face of the base plate 1 has a plurality of threaded holes 1-1, and the support platform 2-1 and the support platform 3 respectively have mounting holes penetrating the upper and lower end faces. The two are respectively fixed to the upper end face of the base plate 1 by bolts 6 that pass through the corresponding mounting holes and threaded holes 1-1.

[0041] More preferably, the bottom plate 1 has positioning holes 1-2 penetrating the plate body at its left and right ends respectively, and the bottom plate 1 also has a lifting ring 1-3 fixed at the left and / or right ends of its upper surface.

[0042] The working principle of a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems in Example 1:

[0043] Step 1: Disassemble the roller assembly 5, then heat the bearing 5-2 to a certain temperature and place it inside the U-shaped groove B-3 of the mounting seat B on the leaf spring to be tested. Place the two spacers 5-3 inside the U-shaped groove B-3 on the mounting seat B on the leaf spring, and make the two spacers 5-3 coaxially located on both sides of the inner ring of the bearing 5-2. Finally, insert the shaft 5-1 through the through hole B-2 on the two arm blocks B-1 of the mounting seat B, the two spacers 5-3, and the inner ring of the bearing 5-2. After the bearing 5-2 cools and shrinks, it is interference-fitted into the middle of the shaft 5-1. Finally, snap the two snap rings 5-4 into the annular grooves 5-1a at both ends of the shaft 5-1, so that the roller assembly 5 is installed on the mounting seat B of the leaf spring.

[0044] Step 2: Hoist the multi-purpose test fixture loaded with the leaf spring onto the working platform of the electronic universal testing machine using the lifting rings 1-3 on the base plate 1. Fix the base plate 1 onto the working platform of the electronic universal testing machine through the positioning holes 1-2 located at both ends. Place the middle part of the leaf spring with the roller assembly 5 installed onto the rotating shaft 2-2 of the support assembly 2, and the right end with the through hole A-1 onto the upper end face of the support platform 3. Then, insert the pressing sleeve 4-1 of the pressing assembly 4 into the through hole A-1 and the countersunk groove 7 on the upper end face of the support platform 3. Then, pass the locking bolt 4-2 through the pressing sleeve 4-1 and screw it into the threaded hole 7-1 at the bottom of the countersunk groove 7. This fixes the right end of the leaf spring with the roller assembly 5 installed onto the upper end face of the support platform 3, while the left end is suspended on the left side of the support assembly 2 (see Appendix). Figure 7 and attached Figure 8 );

[0045] Step 3: Apply different values ​​of force F downwards to the left end of the leaf spring and perform an elastic modulus test;

[0046] Step 4: After the elastic modulus test is completed, the multi-purpose test fixture loaded with the leaf spring is hoisted onto the working platform of the fatigue testing machine through the lifting rings 1-3 on the base plate 1. The base plate 1 is fixedly installed on the working platform of the fatigue testing machine through the positioning holes 1-2 located at the left and right ends. A certain force F is applied to the left end of the leaf spring regularly and frequently to perform fatigue performance testing. After the test is completed, the deformation test process can be started.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] like Figures 4-6 and Figure 9 As shown, a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in a locomotive braking system differs from the multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in a locomotive braking system in Embodiment 1 in that: the upper left end of the base plate 1 is detachably equipped with a limiting pressing assembly 8 for pressing down the left end of the leaf spring body A and maintaining a certain deformation distance.

[0049] Preferably, the limiting and pressing assembly 8 includes two support platforms 8-1, a pressure plate 8-2, and two pressing assemblies 9 with the same structure as the pressing assembly 4. One support platform 8-1 is fixedly installed on the front left side of the upper end face of the base plate 1, and the other support platform 8-1 is fixedly installed on the rear left side of the upper end face of the base plate 1. A cavity 8-3 is formed between the two support platforms 8-1 for the movable insertion of the mounting seat B on the leaf spring during deformation testing. An opening is provided in the middle of the upper end face of the two support platforms 8-1. The countersunk groove 7 faces upwards, and the bottom center of the countersunk groove 7 is provided with a threaded hole 7-1. The pressure plate 8-2 is provided with through holes 3 penetrating the plate body at both ends. One end of the pressure plate 8-2 is fixed to the upper end face of a support platform 8-1 by a clamping component 9 that passes through the corresponding through hole 3 and the countersunk groove 7. The other end of the pressure plate 8-2 is fixed to the upper end face of another support platform 8-1 by another clamping component 9 that passes through the corresponding through hole 3 and the countersunk groove 7. The annular eaves 4-1a at the upper end of the pressing sleeve 4-1 overlaps the upper end face of the pressure plate 8-2.

[0050] More preferably, the support platform 8-1 has mounting holes that penetrate the upper and lower end faces, and the support platform 8-1 is fixed to the upper end face of the base plate 1 by bolts 6 that pass through the corresponding mounting holes and threaded holes 1-1.

[0051] The operating principle of a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in a locomotive braking system, as described in Example 2:

[0052] Step 5: After the elastic modulus test in Step 3 of Example 1 is completed, install a support platform 8-1 on the front and rear sides of the left end of the upper surface of the base plate 1, and insert the mounting seat B at the left end of the leaf spring into the storage cavity 8-3 between the two support platforms 8-1; then, overlap the pressure plate 8-2 on the upper surface of the two support platforms 8-1, and use two clamping components 9 to press and fix the two ends of the pressure plate 8-2 to the upper surface of the support platform 8-1, so that the pressure plate 8-2 presses down the mounting seat B to maintain a certain distance (see Appendix). Figure 10 and attached Figure 11 After the deformation test time is reached, the two clamping components 9 and the pressure plate 8-2 and clamping component 4 are disassembled, thus completing the deformation test of the leaf spring under a specific time period on the electronic universal testing machine.

[0053] Alternatively, in Example 1, after the fatigue performance test in step 4 of the principle is completed, the multi-purpose test fixture containing the leaf spring is hoisted onto the working platform of the electronic universal testing machine via the lifting rings 1-3 on the base plate 1. The base plate 1 is then fixedly installed on the working platform of the electronic universal testing machine through the positioning holes 1-2 located at both ends. Step 5 above is repeated to perform the deformation test of the leaf spring over a specific time period. The order of the deformation test and the fatigue test can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual usage. Only after the elastic modulus, fatigue resistance, and deformation performance tests are all completed should the clamping assembly 4 be disassembled to remove the leaf spring from the multi-purpose fixture.

[0054] This utility model discloses a multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems. In use, the right end of the leaf spring, which has a through hole, is supported and clamped to a support and clamping assembly. The middle part of the leaf spring overlaps the support assembly, thus leaving the left end of the leaf spring, which has a mounting base, suspended to the left of the support assembly. The multi-purpose fixture, with the leaf spring loaded, can be installed on the working platform of an electronic universal testing machine for elastic modulus and deformation testing. Alternatively, it can be installed on the working platform of a fatigue testing machine for fatigue performance testing. This multi-purpose fixture can perform tests on three properties of leaf springs: elastic modulus, deformation, and fatigue resistance. It achieves multiple functions in one fixture, effectively reducing the types of fixtures used for leaf spring performance testing and significantly lowering fixture costs. After the leaf spring is fixed to the fixture, the three properties can be tested sequentially, greatly shortening the clamping time and thus significantly reducing the overall testing time for these three properties. This effectively reduces labor costs and significantly improves testing efficiency, which is beneficial for meeting the demand for large-volume leaf spring deliveries and offers good economic benefits.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems, characterized in that, The system includes a base plate (1), a support assembly (2) for supporting the middle part of the leaf spring body (A) is provided at the middle part of the upper end face of the base plate (1), a support and pressing assembly for supporting and pressing the right end of the leaf spring body (A) is provided at the right end of the upper end face of the base plate (1), and a limiting pressing assembly (8) for pressing down the left end of the leaf spring body (A) and maintaining a certain deformation distance is detachably installed at the left end of the upper end face of the base plate (1). The system also includes a roller assembly (5) installed on the mounting seat (B) of the leaf spring body (A) during testing.

2. The multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The support assembly (2) includes a support platform (2-1) and a rotating shaft (2-2). The support platform (2-1) is fixedly installed in the middle of the upper end face of the base plate (1). The upper end face of the support platform (2-1) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (2-1a) that passes through both the front and rear end faces and opens upward. The rotating shaft (2-2) is movably embedded in the arc-shaped groove (2-1a), and the upper side of the rotating shaft (2-2) protrudes outside the upper port of the arc-shaped groove (2-1a). The support and clamping assembly includes a second support platform (3) and a first clamping assembly (4). The second support platform (3) is fixedly installed on the right side of the upper end face of the base plate (1). The upper end face of the second support platform (3) is provided with an upward-opening countersunk groove (7). The bottom center of the countersunk groove (7) is provided with a second threaded hole (7-1). The first clamping assembly (4) includes a clamping sleeve (4-1) inserted into the countersunk groove (7) and a locking bolt (4-2) passing through the clamping sleeve (4-1). The upper end of the clamping sleeve (4-1) has an annular eave (4-1a) extending outward and overlapping the upper end face of the second support platform (3). The lower end of the locking bolt (4-2) is screwed into the second threaded hole (7-1). The limiting pressing assembly (8) includes two support platforms (8-1), a pressure plate (8-2), and two pressing assemblies (9) with the same structure as the pressing assembly (4). One support platform (8-1) is fixedly installed on the front left side of the upper end face of the base plate (1), and the other support platform (8-1) is fixedly installed on the rear left side of the upper end face of the base plate (1). A storage cavity (8-3) is formed between the two support platforms (8-1) for the movable insertion of the mounting seat (B) on the leaf spring during deformation testing. The upper end face of the two support platforms (8-1) is provided with an upward-opening recess in the middle. The bottom center of the head groove (7) and the countersunk groove (7) is provided with a threaded hole 2 (7-1). The pressure plate (8-2) is provided with through holes 3 penetrating the plate body at both ends. One end of the pressure plate (8-2) is fixed to the upper end face of a support platform 3 (8-1) by a pressing component 2 (9) that passes through the corresponding through hole 3 and the countersunk groove (7). The other end of the pressure plate (8-2) is fixed to the upper end face of another support platform 3 (8-1) by another pressing component 2 (9) that passes through the corresponding through hole 3 and the countersunk groove (7). The annular eaves (4-1a) at the upper end of the pressing sleeve (4-1) overlaps the upper end face of the pressure plate (8-2). The roller assembly (5) includes a shaft (5-1), a bearing (5-2), and two spacers (5-3). The shaft (5-1) is adapted to the through hole (B-2) on the leaf spring. The middle part of the shaft (5-1) is interference-fitted into the inner ring of the bearing (5-2), and the outer diameter of the bearing (5-2) is greater than the thickness of the mounting seat (B) on the leaf spring. The two spacers (5-3) are movably connected to the shaft (5-1) and are located adjacent to both sides of the bearing (5-2). Both spacers (5-3) correspond to the inner ring of the bearing (5-2). The outer circumferential surfaces at both ends of the shaft (5-1) have annular grooves (5-1a), and snap rings (5-4) are engaged inside the annular grooves (5-1a).

3. The multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The support assembly (2) further includes two baffles (2-3), one baffle (2-3) is fixed on the front end face of the support platform (2-1), and the other baffle (2-3) is fixed on the rear end face of the support platform (2-1), and the upper side edges of the two baffles (2-3) abut against the front and rear ends of the arc groove (2-1a).

4. The multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The baffle (2-3) has a mounting hole, and the front and rear end faces of the support platform (2-1) have threaded holes three adjacent to the lower side of the arc groove (2-1a). The baffle (2-3) is fixedly installed on the front or rear face of the support platform (2-1) by bolts (6) that pass through the mounting hole and the threaded holes three on the front or rear face of the support platform (2-1).

5. The multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base plate (1) has several threaded holes (1-1). The support platform (2-1), support platform (3) and support platform (8-1) have mounting holes that penetrate the upper and lower end faces respectively. The three are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate (1) by bolts (6) that pass through the corresponding mounting holes and threaded holes (1-1).

6. The multi-purpose test fixture for leaf springs in locomotive braking systems as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The base plate (1) is provided with positioning holes (1-2) penetrating the plate body at both the left and right ends, and a lifting ring (1-3) is also fixed at the left and / or right ends of the upper surface of the base plate (1).

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