Railway wagon derailment braking device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway wagon derailment braking device, which belongs to the technical field of train braking and comprises a mounting seat body, an adjusting rod is slidably connected in the mounting seat body, a fixing frame is fixedly connected below the adjusting rod, connecting plates are arranged on two sides of the fixing frame, and electric sliding rails are arranged on the upper portions of the connecting plates. Electric sliding blocks are connected to the two sides of the electric sliding rail in a sliding mode, mounting cylinders are arranged on the electric sliding blocks, mounting grooves are formed in the mounting cylinders, clamping bases are connected into the mounting grooves in a clamped mode, and laser correlation sensors are connected into the clamping bases in a threaded mode, so that the relative position of the laser correlation sensors can be adjusted in real time; the detection requirement for automatically adapting to the change of the diameters of different axles is met, the jumping conditions of different axles are detected in real time, and the derailment risk of trains of different models can be prevented and dealt with in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of train braking technology, specifically a derailment braking device for railway freight cars. Background Technology

[0002] Derailment is a serious accident risk for railway freight cars operating at high speeds or on complex tracks. Derailment can be caused by a variety of factors, including track deformation, uneven wheel wear, structural defects in the axle, and foreign objects or water accumulation on the track. During train operation, the axles and wheels bear enormous dynamic loads, especially when traversing curves or uneven sections of track, where wheels may deviate from the track. If the axle exhibits abnormal bouncing or wobbling, the angle and pressure of the wheel contacting the track will change, leading to instability in the relative motion between the wheel and rail, which may result in derailment. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the axle's operating status, especially its bouncing, is crucial for preventing and responding promptly to derailment risks.

[0003] Laser beam sensors typically rely on fixed installation positions and alignment directions for measurement. Currently, the application of laser beam sensors in railway freight car axle inspection mainly adopts a fixed installation method. The position and height of the fixed-installation sensor are usually preset according to the specific model of axle and wheel diameter. This means that the sensor's detection range is fixed and cannot automatically adapt to changes in different axle diameters. Since the diameter of the axle may vary due to differences in train model, load capacity, and manufacturing tolerances, the fixed-installation laser beam sensor can only effectively detect axles within a specific range. For axles outside this range, its detection accuracy will be greatly reduced. In addition, fixed-installation sensors are also difficult to quickly adjust to adapt to the detection requirements of different train specifications. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a derailment braking device for railway freight cars, so as to solve at least one aspect of the problems and defects mentioned in the background art.

[0005] A derailment braking device for railway freight cars is provided, including a mounting base. An adjusting rod is slidably connected inside the mounting base. A fixing frame is fixedly connected below the adjusting rod. Connecting plates are provided on both sides of the fixing frame. An electric slide rail is provided on the upper part of each connecting plate. An electric slider is slidably connected to both sides of each electric slide rail. An installation cylinder is provided on each electric slider. An installation groove is provided inside each installation groove. A retainer is engaged in each installation groove. A laser beam sensor is threadedly connected to the retainer.

[0006] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the upper part of the mounting base is provided with a mounting hole, the adjusting rod is provided with a plurality of limiting holes, and the mounting base is provided with a locking bottom pin passing through the mounting hole and the limiting holes. The operator only needs to slide the adjusting rod to the desired position and then insert the locking bottom pin to lock it, so as to complete the height adjustment and fixation.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the upper part of the card holder is also provided with a plurality of locking holes, the mounting cylinder is provided with a through hole, and the mounting cylinder is provided with a limiting screw passing through the through hole and the locking hole. When the card holder is installed in the mounting cylinder, one of the locking holes on the card holder is aligned with the through hole on the mounting cylinder. At this time, the limiting screw can pass through the through hole and the locking hole, thereby fixing the card holder in the mounting cylinder. The use of the limiting screw ensures that the card holder will not loosen or move in the mounting cylinder.

[0008] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a number of supporting ribs are also provided between the mounting cylinder and the electric slider, and the supporting ribs are used to increase the structural strength and stability between the mounting cylinder and the electric slider.

[0009] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the upper part of the electric slide rail is also provided with a scale, and the operator can adjust the position of the electric slider precisely according to the marks on the scale to ensure that the laser beam sensor is located on the upper and lower sides of axles of different diameters.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the laser beam sensor is provided with a protective cover on the outside. During vehicle operation, the laser beam sensor may be subjected to mechanical impacts from the track or the area around the wheels. The protective cover provides a robust protective layer, reducing the direct impact of these physical impacts on the laser beam sensor.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the fixed frame is provided with a number of rubber plugs. The rubber plugs can effectively absorb and buffer vibrations and impacts from the outside through their elastic properties. During the operation of railway freight cars, the unevenness of the track and the movement of the car body will generate large vibrations. The damping layer formed by the rubber plugs on the fixed frame can absorb and disperse these vibrations and impacts, reduce the direct impact on the laser beam sensor, and maintain the stability of its working state.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] First, by sliding the adjusting rod, the height of the fixing frame is changed, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the laser beam sensor relative to the bottom rail. The electric slide rail and electric slider work together to allow the laser beam sensor inside the mounting cylinder to move. By adjusting the position of the two electric sliders on the upper and lower sides, the vertical distance between the two laser beam sensors can be changed to adapt to the detection needs of axle diameters of different sizes, thus meeting the needs of axle runout detection for axles of different diameters. When axle runout occurs during operation, the sensor will detect the change in the laser beam signal. Based on the occurrence of the signal, the system judges the abnormal movement of the axle and issues an alarm signal to remind the staff of the potential derailment risk. It can adjust the relative position of the laser beam sensor in real time to adapt to the detection needs of different axle diameters, and detect the runout of different axles in real time, thus preventing and responding to the derailment risk of different trains in a timely manner. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this drawing or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this drawing. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a railway freight car derailment braking device;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the mounting base provided by this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the mounting cylinder structure provided by this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 111. Mounting hole; 2. Adjusting rod; 211. Limiting hole; 3. Fixing bracket; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Electric slide rail; 6. Electric slider; 7. Mounting cylinder; 71. Mounting groove; 72. Through hole; 8. Card seat; 81. Locking hole; 9. Laser beam sensor; 10. Locking bottom pin; 11. Limiting screw; 12. Support rib; 13. Scale; 14. Protective cover; 15. Rubber plug. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application is described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are merely some examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, it is understood that although the efforts made in this development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, any changes to design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of the content of this application.

[0021] However, there may be instances where unnecessary detailed descriptions are omitted. For example, detailed descriptions of well-known matters or repetitive descriptions of essentially the same structures may be omitted. This is to avoid unnecessarily lengthy descriptions and to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand this application and are not intended to limit the subject matter of the claims.

[0022] Please see Figure 1-3As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, a derailment braking device for railway freight cars includes a mounting base 1, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the freight car body (not shown in the figure). An adjusting rod 2 is slidably connected inside the mounting base 1, and a fixing frame 3 is fixedly connected below the adjusting rod 2. The adjusting rod 2 can be adjusted by sliding to change the vertical distance between the mounting base 1 and the fixing frame 3, thereby adjusting the height of the entire device. Connecting plates 4 are provided on both sides of the fixing frame 3, and electric slide rails 5 are provided on the upper part of each connecting plate 4. Electric sliders 6 are slidably connected to both sides of each electric slide rail 5. Each electric slider 6 is provided with a mounting cylinder 7, and a mounting groove 71 is provided inside the mounting cylinder 7. A retainer 8 is snapped into each mounting groove 71, and a laser beam sensor 9 is threaded into the retainer 8 to ensure the stability of the sensor inside the mounting cylinder 7. The electric slider 6 is electrically... The sliding rail 5 slides on both sides to adjust the vertical distance between the two laser beam sensors 9 on the two electric sliders 6 on the upper part of each electric sliding rail 5, so as to adapt to the detection requirements of different axle diameters. Each set of laser beam sensors 9 is set on opposite sides between the two electric sliding rails 5 to detect whether the axle has jumped. When the axle jumps and reaches a certain range, the axle no longer blocks each set of laser beam sensors 9, so that the laser beam is no longer blocked by the axle. In this state, the laser beam sensor 9 can receive the laser signal from the laser beam sensor 9 on the opposite side. The change in the received signal indicates that the axle has jumped and may have exceeded the safe operating range. The laser beam sensor 9 is E3Z-D61-BG, which is a diffuse reflection through-beam laser sensor and is suitable for high-precision detection scenarios.

[0023] First, by sliding the adjusting rod 2, the height of the fixing frame 3 is changed, thereby adjusting the vertical position of the laser beam sensor 9 from the bottom rail. This allows the device to adapt to different truck chassis heights or track conditions. The electric slide rail 5 and the electric slider 6 work together to allow the laser beam sensor 9 inside the mounting cylinder 7 to move. By adjusting the positions of the two electric sliders 6 on the upper and lower sides, the vertical distance between the two laser beam sensors 9 can be changed to adapt to the detection needs of axle diameters of different sizes. Depending on the axle diameter of different vehicles, for larger axles, the distance between the two laser beam sensors 9 can be appropriately increased; for smaller axles, the distance between the two laser beam sensors 9 can be appropriately decreased to adapt to the detection needs of axles of different diameters. When the axle bounces during operation, the sensor will detect the change in the laser beam signal. Based on the occurrence of the signal, the system judges the abnormal movement of the axle and issues an alarm signal to remind the staff to pay attention to the possible risk of derailment.

[0024] Its specific working principle is as follows: In the normal operating state (axle shielding state), when the axle is in normal operation, it blocks the laser beam between the two sets of laser beam sensors 9 positioned on opposite sides. In the shielding state, the laser cannot penetrate the axle, so each set of laser beam sensors 9 will not receive a laser signal from the opposite side. The laser beam sensor 9 detects a signal interruption, indicating that the axle's normal position has not significantly jumped or shifted. In the abnormal operating state (axle jumping state), when the axle jumps and the jumping amplitude exceeds the set range, the axle will shift away from the path of the laser beam, causing the laser beam to no longer be blocked by the axle. In the axle jumping up and down state, the axle will jump up and down a certain distance. When the jumping distance exceeds a certain range, the laser beam between the two sets of laser beam sensors 9 positioned on opposite sides... The laser beam is not blocked by the axle. At this time, each set of laser beam sensors 9 can receive laser signals from the opposite sensor. The change in the received signal indicates that the axle has jumped and exceeded the safe operating range. The received signal is transmitted to the control system, which then transmits it to the alarm system. The alarm system then conveys the signal to the operator through sound, light, or other means, reminding the operator to take measures to further control the train's operation, such as slowing down, stopping, or other emergency measures, to prevent derailment accidents caused by axle jumping. It can precisely adjust and adjust the relative position of the laser beam sensors 9 in real time to adapt to the detection requirements of different axle diameters. It can detect the jumping of different axles in real time and prevent and respond to the derailment risk of different trains in a timely manner.

[0025] For further embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the mounting base 1 is provided with a mounting hole 111, and the adjusting rod 2 is provided with several limiting holes 211. The mounting base 1 is provided with a locking bottom pin 10 passing through the mounting hole 111 and the limiting holes 211. The adjusting rod 2 can slide freely in the mounting base 1, thereby adjusting the overall height of the device. When it is necessary to change the vertical position of the laser beam sensor 9 to adapt to different detection needs, the operator can manually slide the adjusting rod 2 to reach the required height. The several limiting holes 211 on the adjusting rod 2 provide multiple fixed height positions, so that the adjusting rod 2 can be locked at different height positions. Once the adjusting rod 2 slides to the required height, the mounting hole 111 on the mounting base 1 and the limiting holes 211 on the adjusting rod 2 will be aligned. The operator can insert the locking bottom pin 10 into the mounting hole 111 and the limiting holes 211 to ensure that the position of the adjusting rod 2 is firmly locked. The operator only needs to slide the adjusting rod 2 to the required position and then insert the locking bottom pin 10 to lock it, thus completing the height adjustment and fixation.

[0026] For further embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the upper part of the card holder 8 is also provided with several locking holes 81, and the mounting cylinder 7 is provided with a through hole 72. The mounting cylinder 7 is provided with a limiting screw 11 that passes through the through hole 72 and the locking hole 81. When the card holder 8 is installed in the mounting cylinder 7, one of the locking holes 81 on the card holder 8 is aligned with the through hole 72 on the mounting cylinder 7. At this time, the limiting screw 11 can pass through the through hole 72 and the locking hole 81, thereby fixing the card holder 8 in the mounting cylinder 7. The use of the limiting screw 11 ensures that the card holder 8 will not loosen or move in the mounting cylinder 7. Especially under the vibration or impact generated by vehicle operation, the card holder 8 is firmly fixed in the mounting cylinder 7 through the locking hole 81 and the limiting screw 11. The laser beam sensor 9 is not easy to change position due to external vibration or impact during operation, thus ensuring detection accuracy.

[0027] For further embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, several supporting ribs 12 are also provided between the mounting cylinder 7 and the electric slider 6. The supporting ribs 12 are used to increase the structural strength and stability between the mounting cylinder 7 and the electric slider 6.

[0028] For further embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a scale 13 is also provided on the upper part of the electric slide rail 5. When the electric slider 6 slides on the electric slide rail 5, the scale 13 provides a visual reference. The operator can accurately adjust the position of the electric slider 6 according to the marks on the scale 13 to ensure that the laser beam sensor 9 is located on the upper and lower sides of axles of different diameters.

[0029] Furthermore, in one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a protective cover 14 is provided on the outside of the laser beam sensor 9. The protective cover 14 is fixedly connected in the bracket 8. The main function of the protective cover 14 is to protect the laser beam sensor 9 from the influence of the external environment. The protective cover 14 can effectively block harmful substances from the outside world and keep the laser beam sensor 9 clean and operating normally. During vehicle operation, the laser beam sensor 9 may be subjected to mechanical impacts from the track or around the wheels. The protective cover 14 provides a robust protective layer and reduces the direct impact of these physical impacts on the laser beam sensor 9.

[0030] In one embodiment, see Figure 1As shown, the mounting frame 3 is equipped with several rubber plugs 15. The rubber plugs 15, through their elastic properties, can effectively absorb and buffer vibrations and impacts from the outside. During the operation of railway freight cars, the unevenness of the track and the movement of the car body will generate large vibrations. These vibrations may be transmitted to the mounting frame 3 and the laser beam sensor 9, thereby affecting the stability and detection accuracy of the laser beam sensor 9. The damping layer formed by the rubber plugs 15 on the mounting frame 3 can partially absorb and disperse these vibrations and impacts, reduce the direct impact on the laser beam sensor 9, and maintain its stable working state.

[0031] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A derailment braking device for railway freight cars, comprising a mounting base (1), characterized in that, An adjusting rod (2) is slidably connected inside the mounting base (1). A fixing frame (3) is fixedly connected below the adjusting rod (2). A connecting plate (4) is provided on both sides of the fixing frame (3). An electric slide rail (5) is provided on the upper part of the connecting plate (4). An electric slider (6) is slidably connected on both sides of the electric slide rail (5). An mounting cylinder (7) is provided on the electric slider (6). An mounting groove (71) is provided inside the mounting cylinder (7). A card seat (8) is snapped into the mounting groove (71). A laser beam sensor (9) is threadedly connected inside the card seat (8).

2. The railway freight car derailment braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting base (1) is provided with a mounting hole (111) on the upper part, the adjusting rod (2) is provided with a plurality of limiting holes (211), and the mounting base (1) is provided with a locking pin (10) passing through the mounting hole (111) and the limiting holes (211).

3. A railway freight car derailment braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the card holder (8) is also provided with a number of locking holes (81), the mounting cylinder (7) is provided with a through hole (72), and the mounting cylinder (7) is provided with a limiting screw (11) that passes through the through hole (72) and the locking hole (81).

4. A railway freight car derailment braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several supporting ribs (12) are also provided between the mounting cylinder (7) and the electric slider (6).

5. A railway freight car derailment braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric slide rail (5) is also equipped with a scale (13) on its upper part.

6. A railway freight car derailment braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the laser beam sensors (9) is provided with a protective cover (14) on its outer side, and the protective cover (14) is fixedly connected to the card holder (8).

7. A railway freight car derailment braking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing frame (3) is provided with several rubber plugs (15).

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