Electric all-terrain vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric all-terrain vehicle which comprises a vehicle frame, a front fender, a power battery and an electrical system, the vehicle frame comprises a main vehicle frame and an auxiliary vehicle frame, the main vehicle frame comprises a front vehicle frame arranged in front of the auxiliary vehicle frame, the auxiliary vehicle frame is supported by the front vehicle frame, the front fender covers the front vehicle frame, and at least part of the electrical system is arranged on the vehicle frame. The electric appliance system comprises a storage battery, a safety unit and a plurality of controllers, interfaces of part of the controllers in the storage battery, the safety unit and the plurality of controllers are all arranged in the maintenance area, the front mudguard is provided with a front maintenance opening penetrating in the height direction of the vehicle frame, and the area below the front maintenance opening is defined as the maintenance area of the electric all-terrain vehicle. The orthographic projection of the front maintenance opening and the orthographic projection of the maintenance area on the horizontal plane are overlapped in the height direction of the vehicle frame. By means of the arrangement, the storage battery, the safety unit and part of the controller are integrated in the maintenance area, and operation such as maintenance is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle engineering technology, and in particular to an electric all-terrain vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Electric all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are vehicles capable of traveling on any terrain. Because their structure is very similar to motorcycles, they are also known as "four-wheeled motorcycles." An ATV includes a battery and low-voltage electrical equipment such as lights, horns, and controllers. The battery provides power to these devices, and its use involves charging and battery replacement. ATVs also include frequently used or replaced components such as fuses and interfaces for several controllers (e.g., OBD controllers).

[0003] In the existing technology, due to the presence of radiators or other components in the front frame, the available space is relatively small. The battery is installed in the middle or rear frame, and the interfaces of the battery, fuse unit, and several controllers are scattered, making it difficult to perform maintenance, use, and other operations on the interfaces of the battery, fuse unit, and some controllers. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide an electric all-terrain vehicle that facilitates the maintenance of electrical systems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] An electric all-terrain vehicle includes a frame, a front fender, a power battery, and an electrical system. The frame includes a main frame and a subframe disposed above the main frame. The main frame includes a front frame disposed in front of the subframe. The front fender covers the front frame. At least part of the electrical system is disposed on the frame. The front fender has a front maintenance opening extending along the height direction of the frame. The area below the front maintenance opening is defined as the maintenance area of ​​the electric all-terrain vehicle. The electrical system includes a battery, a fuse unit, and several controllers. The interfaces of the battery, the fuse unit, and some of the controllers are all arranged in the maintenance area. Along the height direction of the frame, the orthographic projections of the front maintenance opening and the maintenance area on the horizontal plane overlap.

[0007] Furthermore, the body panel also includes a cover plate and a front rack cover that covers the front fender. The front rack cover has a front rack passage that extends through it and overlaps with the front service opening in the height direction. The cover plate is detachably connected to the front rack cover and covers the front rack passage.

[0008] Furthermore, several controllers include an OBD controller, the interface of which is located in the maintenance area.

[0009] Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the front rack through opening on the horizontal plane is defined as the third projection, and the orthographic projection of the front rack cover on the horizontal plane is defined as the fourth projection. The ratio between the area of ​​the third projection and the area of ​​the fourth projection ranges from 0.2 to 0.3.

[0010] Furthermore, the ratio between the area of ​​the third projection and the area of ​​the fourth projection ranges from 0.22 to 0.28.

[0011] Furthermore, the front frame includes a support beam located below the maintenance area, the support beam extending along the width of the frame, and the battery is fixed to the support beam.

[0012] Furthermore, the body panel includes an electrical mounting plate, which is fixed to the front frame and located between the support beam and the front service port. The interfaces of the fuse unit and several controllers are all located on the electrical mounting plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the electrical mounting plate has a through-hole that extends through it, through which at least a portion of the battery passes and extends toward the forward maintenance port.

[0014] Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the battery on the horizontal plane is defined as the fifth projection, and the ratio of the area of ​​the fifth projection to the orthographic projection area of ​​the maintenance area on the horizontal plane ranges from 0.4 to 0.6.

[0015] Furthermore, the electrical system includes a transformer module, and the battery is electrically connected to the power battery through the transformer module, wherein the operating voltage of the battery is 12V.

[0016] With the above setup, the interfaces of the battery, fuse unit, and some controllers are integrated into the maintenance area located at the front of the vehicle frame, facilitating the maintenance of the electrical system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric all-terrain vehicle in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the vehicle frame in the embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first steering system of an electric all-terrain vehicle according to the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a second steering system for an electric all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the switch assembly in the embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the electric all-terrain vehicle in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the front maintenance port in the embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the wiring harness arrangement in some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the power battery in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the front cargo box and its surrounding structure in the embodiments of this application; Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. "A plurality" or "several" indicates at least two. Unless otherwise stated, terms such as "front," "back," "left," "right," "lower," and / or "upper" are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" indicate that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0029] The singular forms “a” and “the” used in this application specification and appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, this application provides an electric all-terrain vehicle 100, which includes a frame 11, a body panel 12, a suspension system 13, a running system, a seat 14, a cargo box assembly 15, and a steering system 16. The frame 11 forms the basic framework of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100. The body panel 12 is at least partially mounted on the frame 11. The running system is at least partially located below the frame 11. The suspension system 13 connects the frame 11 and the running system, and is used to transmit forces and torques between the running system and the frame 11. At least a portion of the seat 14 is mounted on the frame 11, and the seat 14 is available for a driver or passenger. At least a portion of the cargo box assembly 15 is located below the seat 14. The steering system 16 is fixed to the frame 11 and is connected to the running system to control the direction of travel of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100. To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following are also defined: Figure 1 The electric all-terrain vehicle 100 is shown in the front, rear, left, right, up, and down directions.

[0031] It should be noted that, in the following description of the technical solution of this application, the length direction of the frame 11 is parallel to the front-rear direction of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, the width direction of the frame 11 is parallel to the left-right direction of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, and the height direction of the frame 11 is parallel to the up-down direction of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in one implementation, the frame 11 includes a main frame 111, a subframe 112 (front cargo box support, not shown), and a rear cargo box support 113. The subframe 112 is located above the main frame 111 and is detachably connected to the main frame 111. The main frame 111 includes a front frame 1111, a middle frame 1112, and a rear frame 1113, which are distributed sequentially from front to rear. The front frame 1111, the middle frame 1112, and the rear frame 1113 are integrally formed, and the subframe 112 is supported by the front frame 1111 and the rear frame 1113.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, in one implementation, the steering system 16 includes a steering shaft 161, a steering column 162, a steering gear 163, and a steering handle 164. The steering shaft 161 is fixed to the frame 11. The end of the steering shaft 161 facing away from the front wheel is connected to the steering handle 164 through the steering column 162. Viewed from the width direction, the steering column 162 is located above the frame 11. A fastening structure 165 is provided between the steering column 162 and the steering shaft 161. The fastening structure 165 includes a locked state and a loose state. When the fastening structure 165 is in the locked state, the steering column 162 and the fastening structure 165 are fastened together. When the fastening structure 165 is in the loose state, the steering column 162 can be detached from the fastening structure 165 to adjust the length of the steering column 162.

[0034] With the above-described configuration, during the packaging and transportation of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, the steering column 162 and steering handle 164 can be removed from the fastening structure 165 to reduce the height of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, facilitating its packaging and transportation. Furthermore, by replacing the fastening structure 165 or steering column 162 with different lengths, the height of the steering handle 164 relative to the ground can be adjusted to meet the driving needs of different users and improve driver comfort.

[0035] For example, the steering handle 164 is connected to the steering shaft 161 via the steering column 162. The end of the steering shaft 161 facing away from the steering column 162 is connected to the steering gear 163, which is connected to the front wheel via a tie rod. When the electric all-terrain vehicle needs to turn, the steering handle 164 is controlled, and through the cooperation of the steering column 162 and the steering shaft 161, the torque acting on the steering handle 164 is transmitted to the steering gear 163. The steering gear 163 transforms the torque and outputs it to the front wheel to complete the steering.

[0036] Optionally, a steering assist device (not shown) may also be provided between the steering gear 163 and the steering shaft 161. When the steering assist device receives an electrical signal representing the rotation of the steering handle 164, the steering assist device applies an auxiliary steering force to the steering gear 163.

[0037] As one implementation method, the ground clearance of the fastening structure 165 is basically the same as the ground clearance of the upper surface of the vehicle frame. When the steering column 162 is removed from the fastening structure 165, the impact of the fastening structure 165 on the space occupied in the height direction is reduced, which facilitates transportation and batch loading.

[0038] Specifically, the fastening structure 165 includes an adjusting member 1651 and an adjusting hole 1652 into which the steering column 162 can be inserted. By pre-tightening the adjusting member 1651 to increase or decrease the diameter of the adjusting hole 1652, the fastening structure 165 is in a loose or locked state. In the loose state, the steering column 162 in the adjusting hole 1652 can be disassembled from the fastening structure 165; in the locked state, the steering column 162 is fastened to the fastening structure 165.

[0039] Exemplarily, the fastening structure 165 is configured as a clamp surrounding an adjustment hole 1652 into which the steering column 162 is inserted. At least a portion of the steering column 162 is inserted into the adjustment hole 1652, causing the clamp to fit over the outer edge of the steering column 162. An adjustment element 1651 is configured as a fastening bolt. By pre-tightening the fastening bolt to reduce the diameter of the adjustment hole 1652, the inner surface of the clamp abuts against the outer edge of the steering column 162, thereby restricting axial movement of the steering column 162 relative to the fastening structure 165. Understandably, by loosening the fastening bolt to increase the diameter of the adjustment hole 1652, the inner surface of the clamp separates from the outer edge of the steering column 162, allowing the steering column 162 to move axially relative to the fastening structure 165 and disengage from the adjustment hole 1652.

[0040] When it is necessary to adjust the height of the steering handle 164 relative to the ground, loosen the fastening structure 165 and remove the steering column 162 and the steering handle 164 connected to the steering column 162 from the fastening structure 165 to facilitate the replacement of steering columns 162 of different lengths, thereby adjusting the height of the steering handle 164 relative to the ground.

[0041] In one implementation, the steering column 162 includes a housing 1621 and a sliding shaft (not shown). The housing 1621 has a gap extending axially along the sliding shaft to connect the inner and outer spaces of the housing 1621. At least a portion of the sliding shaft passes through the housing 1621. When the fastening structure 165 is in the locked state, the width of the gap is compressed, the outer side of the sliding shaft abuts against the inner wall of the housing 1621, and the sliding shaft cannot move relative to the housing 1621, thus fixing the length of the steering column 162. When the fastening structure 165 is in the loosened state, the housing 1621 and the sliding shaft are in clearance fit, and the sliding shaft can move relative to the housing 1621 to adjust the length of the steering column 162.

[0042] For example, when it is necessary to adjust the height of the steering handle 164, the fastening structure 165 is first adjusted to the loose state. In the loose state, the sliding shaft can move relative to the housing 1621. After adjusting the steering handle 164 to the height desired by the driver or passenger, the fastening structure 165 is adjusted to the locked state, and the height adjustment of the steering handle 164 can be completed.

[0043] As an optional implementation, the steering column 162 includes a housing 1621 and a replacement part 1622 disposed at the bottom of the housing 1621. The replacement part 1622 has a first end and a second end disposed opposite to each other. The first end of the replacement part 1622 is embedded in the housing 1621 and detachably connected to the housing 1621. The second end of the replacement part 1622 is connected to a fastening structure 165. When the fastening structure 165 is in a locked state, the second end of the replacement part 1622 is fastened to the fastening structure 165. When the fastening structure 165 is in a loose state, the second end of the replacement part 1622 is clearance-fitted to the fastening structure 165. The height of the steering handle 164 can be adjusted by replacing the replacement part 1622 of different specifications.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, in one implementation, the steering system 16 also includes a steering fixing structure 166, which is mounted on the frame 11. The steering fixing structure 166 is used to fix the steering shaft 161, and the fixing structure limits the steering shaft 161 in the radial direction. For example, the steering fixing structure 166 is a sheet metal component that is fixedly connected to the front frame 1111, and the steering shaft 161 passes through the steering fixing structure 166 and remains relatively fixed to the steering fixing structure 166.

[0045] Optionally, the steering fixing structure 166 has a slide rail 1661 extending from the front side of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 to the rear side of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100. At least a portion of the steering shaft 161 is embedded in the slide rail 1661 and is movable relative to the slide rail 1661 along the extension direction of the slide rail 1661. When the steering shaft 161 moves on the slide rail 1661, the steering shaft 161 drives the steering column 162 and the steering handle 164 to move together, so as to adjust the position of the steering handle 164 in the length direction. The steering fixing structure 166 has a plurality of fixing parts distributed along the extension direction of the slide rail 1661. The steering column 162 is provided with a positioning part that cooperates with the fixing parts. The positioning part can be embedded in any of the fixing parts. When the positioning part is embedded in any fixing part, the steering column 162, the steering shaft 161, and the steering handle 164 are all fixed.

[0046] It is understandable that the more fixing parts are provided on the steering fixing structure 166, the more fixing positions the steering handle 164 can be adjusted to.

[0047] With the above settings, by setting a slide rail 1661 that allows the steering column 162 to move, the position of the steering handle 164 in the length direction can be adjusted, thereby improving the driving comfort of the driver and passengers.

[0048] As one implementation, the steering system 16 also includes a steering cover 167 disposed between the steering column 162 and the steering handle 164. The steering cover 167 includes an upper cover 1671 and a lower cover 1672, which are detachably connected. The steering column 162 is fixedly connected to the lower cover 1672, and the steering handle 164 is disposed between the upper cover 1671 and the lower cover 1672.

[0049] Specifically, the electric all-terrain vehicle also includes an electrical system 19, which includes an instrument panel 1912. The steering system 16 also includes an instrument mounting structure 168 located on the lower cover 1672. The instrument mounting structure 168 is positioned in front of the steering cover 167. The instrument panel 1912 is mounted on the instrument mounting structure 168. The instrument panel 1912 is connected to components such as speed sensors in the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 via wiring harnesses to display data such as the vehicle speed. The instrument panel 1912 includes a removable wiring harness cover (not shown). The wiring harness cover can store the wiring harness, preventing it from being exposed and improving safety and aesthetics. The lower cover 1672 provides a mounting position for the instrument panel 1912 and provides support for it.

[0050] Furthermore, the lower pressure cover 1672 is welded to the steering column 162 and the instrument fixing structure 168 respectively, thereby fixing the instrument panel 1912 on the steering column 162. There is no need to set up an additional mounting bracket for the instrument panel 1912, saving cost and space. Moreover, the instrument panel 1912 rotates with the steering handle 164, which can improve the operability of the electric all-terrain vehicle.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, in one implementation, the electrical system 19 includes a switch assembly 1913. The steering handle 164 includes a control tube 1641 extending in the width direction and a handle sleeve 1642 fitted onto the control tube 1641. The handle sleeve 1642 has high friction to enable the driver to stably operate the steering handle 164. The switch assembly 1913 is mounted on the control tube 1641 and arranged side-by-side with the handle sleeve 1642 in the width direction. The switch assembly 1913 integrates a gear shift button 1913a and an ignition lever 1913b. The gear shift button 1913a is used to switch the gears of the electric all-terrain vehicle, and the ignition lever 1913b is used to adjust the output power of the drive assembly.

[0052] The output power of the drive assembly 17 of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 is controlled by the ignition switch 1913b. Since both the gear shift button 1913a and the ignition switch 1913b are located in the switch assembly 1913, the driver or passenger needs to release the ignition switch 1913b to shift gears. This improves the safety of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 when shifting gears.

[0053] In addition, the gear shift button 1913a and the ignition lever 1913b are integrated into the switch assembly 1913 on the same side of the steering handle 164, so that the driver can use one hand to shift gears or adjust the drive assembly 17, while the other hand can always control the steering handle 164, so as to ensure the stability of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 and improve the convenience and safety of the driver when shifting gears or adjusting the output power of the drive assembly 17 while driving.

[0054] In the embodiments of this application, the switch assembly 1913 also integrates a two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive switching switch 1913c. Through this two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive switching switch 1913c, the driver and passengers can quickly switch between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive when it is necessary to change the drive mode of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 during driving. The gear shift button 1913a and the ignition lever 1913b are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the two-wheel drive or four-wheel drive switching switch 1913c, which improves the convenience of human-machine interaction of the steering handle 164.

[0055] As one implementation, the interval D3 between the gear shift button 1913a and the handle rubber sleeve 1642 along the width direction ranges from 15mm to 25mm. Further, the interval D1 ranges from 13mm to 22mm. More preferably, the interval D3 ranges from 12mm to 20mm. It should be noted that intervals outside the above ranges would cause inconvenience for the driver and passengers operating the gear shift button. The above settings improve the comfort of the driver and passengers using the gear shift button.

[0056] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, to clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the body panel 12 is sequentially divided into a front panel 121, a middle panel 122, and a rear panel 123. In one implementation, the front panel 121 covers at least a portion of the front frame 1111, the middle panel 122 covers at least a portion of the middle frame 1112, and the rear panel 123 covers at least a portion of the rear frame 1113. In another implementation, at least a portion of the electrical system 19 is disposed on the frame 11, and the front panel 121 includes a front fender 1212, which covers the front frame 1111. The front fender 1212 has a front service opening 1212a extending through itself along the height direction of the frame 11. It should be noted that the front fender 1212 is an irregularly shaped plate-like component that covers at least part of the front frame 1111. The front fender 1212 has a panel perpendicular to the height of the frame 11, which, in addition to its supporting function, also has the aforementioned front maintenance opening 1212a. The electric all-terrain vehicle 100 has a maintenance area 102 located below the front fender 1212, allowing the maintenance area 102 to be covered by the front fender 1212. The maintenance area 102 is provided with interfaces 1911b for a battery 192, a fuse unit 1914, and some of the controllers among several controllers 1911.

[0057] Specifically, a horizontal plane 104 is defined that is perpendicular to the height direction of the frame 11, and the orthographic projections of the maintenance area 102 and the front maintenance port 1212a on the horizontal plane 104 overlap.

[0058] It should be noted that the battery 192 provides power to various low-voltage electrical devices and systems of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, ensuring their normal operation. During the use of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, there will be situations where charging or battery 192 needs to be performed, requiring relevant operations on the battery 192 (such as replacing the battery 192 or jump-starting it). The fuse unit 1914 is used to protect the low-voltage circuit in the electrical system 19 in case of abnormality. For example, by using a fuse unit 1914, the fuse will blow when the voltage of the low-voltage circuit exceeds a set value, preventing damage to the low-voltage circuit from high voltage.

[0059] Several controllers 1911 include an OBD (On-Board Diagnostics) controller, which allows maintenance personnel to identify problems with the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 by connecting to the interface 1911b of the OBD controller when diagnosing the vehicle.

[0060] Understandably, during the maintenance of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, the battery 192, fuse unit 1914, and OBD controller interface 1911b are electrical components that are frequently tested or replaced. Integrating the battery 192, fuse unit 1914, and OBD controller interface 1911b into the maintenance area 102 can improve the convenience of maintaining the electrical system 19.

[0061] With the above arrangement, vulnerable components or components with high maintenance frequency in the electrical system 19 are arranged in the maintenance area 102, and the maintenance area 102 is connected to the outside world through the front maintenance port 1212a on the front fender 1212, which improves the convenience of maintaining the electrical system 19.

[0062] It should be noted that the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 has a radiator (not shown) for cooling the powertrain. In related technologies, the radiator is located on the front frame to increase its frontal area. However, this placement limits the space available for the battery, fuse unit, and some controller interfaces. In the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 provided in this embodiment, the radiator is installed on the rear frame 1113, close to the drive assembly 17. This provides sufficient space on the front frame 1111 to integrate the battery 192, fuse unit 1914, and some controller interfaces 1911b into the maintenance area 102, facilitating maintenance of these components.

[0063] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, in one implementation, the front cover 121 also includes a cover plate 1214 and a front rack cover 1213. The front rack cover 1213 is detachably installed above the front fender 1212 and covers the front fender 1212. The front rack cover 1213 has a front rack through-hole 1213a that extends through it. The front rack through-hole 1213a overlaps with the front maintenance opening 1212a in the height direction. The cover plate 1214 is detachably connected to the front rack cover 1213 and covers the front rack through-hole 1213a. The cover plate 1214 can close the front rack through-hole 1213a and the front maintenance opening 1212a, so that the maintenance area 102 under the front fender 1212 and the battery 192, the fuse unit 1914 and the interface 1911b of some controllers in the maintenance area 102 are in a relatively closed state instead of being exposed. When charging is required or maintenance is needed on the battery 192, fuse unit 1914, and some controller interfaces 1911b, it is not necessary to remove the front rack cover 1213 and the front fender 1212. Simply open the cover 1214, and the driver and passengers can directly operate on the battery 192, fuse unit 1914, and some controller interfaces 1911b. This improves the safety of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 and the convenience of maintenance on the battery 192, fuse unit 1914, and some controller interfaces 1911b of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100.

[0064] Furthermore, the orthographic projection of the front shelf access opening 1213a onto the horizontal plane 104 is defined as the third projection, and the orthographic projection of the front shelf cover 1213 onto the horizontal plane 104 is defined as the fourth projection. The ratio between the area of ​​the third projection and the area of ​​the fourth projection ranges from 0.2 to 0.3. More specifically, the ratio ranges from 0.22 to 0.27. More preferably, the ratio is 0.25. It should be noted that if the ratio between the areas of the third and fourth projections is too large, meaning the front shelf cover 1213 requires a larger cover plate 1214, it will affect the storage capacity of the front shelf cover 1213. If many items are placed on the front shelf cover 1213, the cover plate 1214 will be difficult to open due to obstruction by the placed items. If the ratio between the areas of the third and fourth projections is too small, the front shelf through-hole 1213a will not be able to fully expose the battery 192, the fuse unit 1914, and the interfaces 1911b of some controllers, increasing the difficulty of maintaining the battery 192, the fuse unit 1914, and the interfaces 1911b of some controllers. Through the above settings, while ensuring the storage capacity of the front shelf cover 1213, the convenience of maintenance of the battery 192, the fuse unit 1914, and the interfaces 1911b of some controllers in the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 is improved.

[0065] As one implementation, the front frame 1111 includes a support beam (not shown), which is fixedly connected to the front frame 1111 and located below the maintenance area 102. The support beam extends along the width direction of the frame 11, and the battery 192 is fixed on the support beam to ensure the stability of the battery 192.

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown, specifically, the front cover 121 includes an electrical mounting plate 1215, which is fixed to the front frame 1111 and located between the support beam and the front service port 1212a. The fuse unit 1914 and the interface 1911b of the partial controller are both located on the electrical mounting plate 1215. The electrical mounting plate 1215 provides a fixed position for the fuse unit 1914 and the interface 1911b of the partial controller in the service area 102. At the same time, during installation or maintenance, it is only necessary to install or remove the fuse unit 1914 and the interface 1911b of the partial controller on the electrical mounting plate 1215, which saves space, reduces costs, and simplifies production and maintenance efficiency.

[0067] It should be noted that, in addition to the fuse unit 1914 and the interface 1911b of some controllers, other electrical components can also be installed on the electrical mounting plate 1215 to facilitate the integrated arrangement of electrical components.

[0068] Furthermore, the electrical mounting plate 1215 has a through-hole 1215c extending through it, through which at least a portion of the battery 192 passes and extends towards the front shelf through-hole 1213a. A support beam provides mounting support for the battery 192, and the battery 192's mounting position ensures that maintenance and other operations can be performed on the battery 192 through the front shelf through-hole 1213a and the front maintenance port 1212a when the cover 1214 is opened. In addition, separating the battery 192 from the electrical mounting plate 1215 reduces the forces acting on the electrical mounting plate 1215, improving its durability.

[0069] The orthographic projection of battery 192 onto horizontal plane 104 is defined as the fifth projection. The ratio of the area of ​​the fifth projection to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the maintenance area on the horizontal plane ranges from 0.4 to 0.6. Further, the ratio ranges from 0.44 to 0.54. More preferably, the ratio is 0.5. It should be noted that, given a fixed volume of battery 192, if the ratio is too large, the space available for other electrical components is limited, making replacement and repair of electrical components other than battery 192 more difficult; if the ratio is too small, the space utilization rate of maintenance area 102 is low, resulting in wasted space. Through the above arrangement, while ensuring sufficient space in maintenance area 102 for installing other components, the space utilization rate is improved.

[0070] In one implementation, the storage battery 192 is electrically connected to the power battery 18 via a transformer module (not shown). Specifically, the power battery 18 converts its output voltage to a lower voltage via the transformer module and transmits it to the storage battery 192 to power the storage battery 192. The storage battery 192 then powers the low-voltage electrical components in the electric all-terrain vehicle 100. Through this configuration, while ensuring the normal operation of the low-voltage electrical components in the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, the size of the storage battery 192 is reduced, and a low-voltage storage battery 192 with an operating voltage of 12V is used, saving space and reducing the weight of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100.

[0071] like Figure 8 As shown, in one implementation, the electrical mounting plate 1215 is provided with a plurality of wire harness fixing parts 1215a. The electrical system 19 includes a plurality of branch wire harnesses 1941a connected to the battery 192, the fuse unit 1914 and / or part of the controller 1911. The branch wire harnesses 1941a connected to the battery 192, the fuse unit 1914 and / or part of the controller 1911 are fixed by the corresponding wire harness fixing parts 1215a, so that the plurality of branch wire harnesses 1941a extend in different directions respectively.

[0072] With the above configuration, the wiring harness is set as branch wiring harnesses 1941a extending in different directions, and the branch wiring harnesses 1941a are fixed to the electrical mounting plate 1215 by the wiring harness fixing part 1215a, thereby improving the space utilization rate inside the frame 11 and avoiding wear of the wiring harness due to the tight space.

[0073] For example, the wire harness fixing part 1215a is configured as a fixing cable tie, which fixes a portion of the branch wire harness 1941a in the width direction or fixes a portion of the branch wire harness 1941a in the length direction.

[0074] Optionally, the wire harness fixing part 1215a is configured as a wire through hole that passes through the two opposite end faces of the electrical mounting plate 1215, and a portion of the branch wire harness 1941a passes through the wire through hole.

[0075] The electrical mounting plate 1215 has a cable tray 1215b through which branch wire harnesses 1941a pass. Several branch wire harnesses 1941a pass through the cable tray 1215b and are integrated into a main wire harness 1941b. By setting the cable tray 1215b, wear caused by friction between several branch wire harnesses 1941a is avoided, thereby improving the durability of the wire harness.

[0076] The controller 1911 also includes a body control module (BCM) 1911d fixed to the front frame 1111. The body control module 1911d and the main wiring harness 1941b are located on the same side of the front frame 1111. The main wiring harness 1941b has a collection node 1941c that integrates several branch wiring harnesses 1941a. The collection node 1941c is located between the body control module 1911d and the cable tray 1215b. The body control module 1911d is used to manage and control some of the vehicle's electrical equipment. Placing the body control module 1911d and the main wiring harness 1941b on the same side of the front frame 1111 can shorten the required wiring harness length, saving cost and space, while avoiding wear and tear on the frame due to excessive wiring harness length. Several branch harnesses 1941a are basically combined into one harness after passing through the wire groove 1215b, and then integrated into a main harness 1941b through the aggregation node 1941c, which is then connected to the body controller 1911d.

[0077] like Figure 9 As shown, in one implementation, the electrical system 19 also includes a battery cover 195, which covers the power battery 18. The battery cover 195 has a fixing hook 1951. The main wiring harness 1941b passes over the battery cover 195 along the extension direction of the main frame and is detachably mounted on the battery cover 195 via the fixing hook 1951. In this embodiment, the fixing hook 1951 on the battery cover 195 allows the main wiring harness 1941b to be detachably mounted on the battery cover 195, so that when the main wiring harness 1941b engages with the fixing hook 1951, it is limited by the fixing hook 1951, reducing the amplitude of the main wiring harness 1941b's sway and thus reducing the wear of the main wiring harness 1941b.

[0078] Furthermore, the battery cover 195 is detachably mounted on the power battery 18 to facilitate the replacement of the power battery 18.

[0079] Specifically, the main wire harness 1941b is covered with a corrugated tube to reduce frictional damage and improve its durability. Furthermore, the relatively uniform outer surface of the corrugated tube facilitates the placement of the corrugated main wire harness 1941b onto the fixing hook 1951.

[0080] like Figure 10As shown, in one implementation, the cargo box assembly 15 includes a front cargo box 152 and a cargo box cover 153. The front cargo box 152 is located below the front fender 1212 and has an opening facing the front of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100. The cargo box cover 153 is located in front of the front cargo box 152 and connected to the front cargo box 152. By opening or closing the cargo box cover 153, the communication relationship between the internal space and the external space of the front cargo box 152 can be changed, so that the opening of the front cargo box 152 is opened or closed.

[0081] It should be noted that since the radiator is located on the rear frame 1113, there is ample space on the front frame 1111 for arranging the front cargo box 152, thereby expanding the storage space of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 and meeting the needs of drivers and passengers for storing items.

[0082] As one implementation, the area below the front maintenance port 1212a is defined as the maintenance area 102. The battery 192, the fuse unit 1914, and the interfaces 1911b of some of the controllers 1911 are arranged in the maintenance area 102, and the front cargo box 152 is arranged below the maintenance area 102.

[0083] Furthermore, the front frame 1111 includes a sheet metal support 1111a disposed below the front cargo box 152. The front cargo box 152 is mounted on the sheet metal support 1111a. The sheet metal support 1111a has a support surface perpendicular to the height direction. The support surface abuts against the bottom of the front cargo box 152, so that the front cargo box 152 can remain stable in the front frame 1111.

[0084] As can be seen from the foregoing, the front frame 1111 includes a plurality of frame tubes 1111b, each frame tube 1111b having a fixing hole extending along its length. The front cargo box 152 is fixed to the front frame 1111 by using fasteners that pass through at least a portion of the front cargo box 152 and the fixing holes.

[0085] By cooperating with the sheet metal support 1111a below the front cargo box 152 and several frame tubes 1111b, the front cargo box 152 is fixed to the front frame 1111, thereby improving the stability of the structure of the front frame 1111 and the front cargo box 152.

[0086] Specifically, the cargo box cover 153 is detachably connected to the front cargo box 152. The interior space of the front cargo box 152 can be used for storage. The opening of the front cargo box 152 is used to connect the interior space of the front cargo box 152 with the external space, so that users can put the items they need to store into the interior space of the front cargo box 152. By removing or installing the cargo box cover 153, the opening can be opened or closed, thereby connecting or isolating the interior space of the front cargo box 152 with the external space.

[0087] For example, the cargo box lid 153 is connected to the front cargo box 152 by a snap fastener. When the user needs to put items into the internal space of the front cargo box 152, the snap fastener is opened, the cargo box lid 153 is removed from the front cargo box 152, and the items can be put into the internal space of the front cargo box 152. Then, the snap fastener of the cargo box lid 153 and the front cargo box 152 is engaged, and the cargo box lid 153 is installed on the front cargo box 152 to protect the items placed in the internal space of the front cargo box 152.

[0088] As another implementation, the front cargo box 152 and the cargo box lid 153 are connected by a pivot. The pivot is located at the opening of the front cargo box 152 and is positioned at the lower edge of the front cargo box 152. The cargo box lid 153 is connected to the upper edge of the front cargo box 152 by a snap-fit, and the cargo box lid 153 is connected to the lower edge of the front cargo box 152 by the pivot. When the user needs to put items into the interior space of the front cargo box 152, the snap-fit ​​is opened, and the cargo box lid 153 is rotated via the pivot to expose the interior space of the front cargo box 152, allowing items to be placed inside. Then, the cargo box lid 153 is rotated via the pivot until its upper edge engages with the snap-fit ​​of the front cargo box 152, closing the cargo box lid 153 and protecting the items placed inside the front cargo box 152.

[0089] like Figure 10 As shown, the frame 11 also includes a head tube 116, which is located in front of the front frame 1111 and fixedly connected to it. The electrical system 19 includes a winch (not shown), a winch motor 1915, and a relay 1916. The winch motor 1915 is located below the front fender 1212 and fixed to the head tube 116. The relay 1916 is electrically connected to the winch motor 1915 to drive the start and stop of the winch motor 1915. The winch motor 1915 is connected to the winch via a tow rope, and drives the winch to operate under the action of the winch motor 1915.

[0090] In one implementation, the relay 1916 is fixed to the side wall of the front cargo box 152, and when viewed in the width direction, the relay 1916 overlaps with the front cargo box 152. The front cargo box 152 has an opening facing the front of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100, and a cargo box cover 153 is provided at the front of the front cargo box 152, which can close the opening on the front cargo box 152. When viewed in the length direction, the cargo box cover 153 overlaps with the relay 1916, and the cargo box cover 153 can protect the relay 1916, preventing the relay 1916 from being constantly exposed. Opening the cargo box cover 153 can expose the relay 1916 arranged on the side wall of the front cargo box 152, thereby allowing the relay 1916 to be inspected and maintained.

[0091] With the above setup, the relay 1916 is fixed to the side wall of the front cargo box 152, and a cargo box cover 153 is provided in front of the front cargo box 152 to hide the relay 1916, making the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 more aesthetically pleasing while protecting the relay 1916.

[0092] In one implementation, relay 1916 is electrically connected to fuse unit 1914, battery 192, or some of the controllers 1911 via wiring harness. As described above, the support beam is positioned between maintenance area 102 and front cargo box 152. When fuse unit 1914, battery 192, and controllers 1911 in maintenance area 102 are connected to relay 1916 in front cargo box 152 via wiring harness, part of the wiring harness is fixed to the support beam to limit its movement, preventing it from tangling or being damaged. This improves the safety of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 and the convenience of maintenance.

[0093] Furthermore, the side wall of the front cargo box 152 is provided with a number of protrusions 1521. The protrusions 1521 are used to fix the relay 1916. When the relay 1916 is connected to the protrusion 1521, a gap is formed between the relay 1916 and the side wall of the front cargo box 152. At least part of the wire harness passes through the gap. The wire harness passing through the gap is restricted by the relay 1916 and the side wall of the front cargo box 152 to prevent the wire harness from getting tangled or knotted.

[0094] In one implementation, the winch motor 1915 has several wiring harness interfaces 1915a, which are arranged on the side of the winch motor 1915 in a predetermined direction. The relay 1916 is arranged on the side of the front cargo box 152 in a predetermined direction, with the predetermined direction parallel to the width direction. For example, the wiring harness interface 1915a is located on the left side of the winch motor 1915, and the relay 1916 is also arranged on the left side of the front cargo box 152. When the wiring harness interface 1915a is connected to the relay 1916, the length of the wiring harness required to connect the winch motor 1915 and the relay 1916 is shortened, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100.

[0095] like Figure 10As shown, in one implementation, the electrical system 19 includes a horn 1917 mounted on the vehicle frame. The horn 1917 is positioned below the front cargo box 152 and fixed to the front frame 1111. The lower edge of the cargo box cover 153 has a first notch 1531, which overlaps with the horn 1917 when viewed along its length. The horn 1917 faces forward of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100. Because the cargo box cover 153 has the first notch 1531, it avoids obstructing the horn 1917, thus improving the propagation of the sound produced by the horn 1917.

[0096] As one implementation, the front cover 121 also includes a motor baffle 1216, at least a portion of which is disposed in front of and covers the head tube 116. At least a portion of the motor baffle 1216 extends in the height direction, reaching as far as below the cargo box cover 153. Viewed in the length direction, the motor baffle 1216 overlaps with at least a portion of the horn 1917, and the motor baffle 1216 provides protection for components inside the front frame 1111.

[0097] Specifically, the motor baffle 1216 has a mesh-like motor baffle cutout (not shown in the figure). The motor baffle cutout is arranged on the side of the motor baffle 1216 near the cargo box cover 153. When viewed from the length direction, the motor baffle cutout overlaps with the horn 1917.

[0098] More specifically, a transverse plane 107 perpendicular to the length direction of the frame 11 is defined. The orthographic projection of the motor baffle cutout portion onto the transverse plane 107 is defined as the motor baffle cutout portion projection, and the orthographic projection of the motor baffle 1216 onto the transverse plane 107 is defined as the baffle projection. The ratio between the area of ​​the motor baffle cutout portion projection and the area of ​​the baffle projection ranges from 0.4 to 0.6. Further, the ratio ranges from 0.45 to 0.55. More preferably, the ratio is 0.5. It should be noted that if the ratio is too large, it will reduce the structural strength of the motor baffle 1216 and also reduce the protective effect of the motor baffle 1216 on internal components; if the ratio is too small, the sound propagation of the horn 1917 will also be blocked by the motor baffle 1216, thereby reducing the sound propagation effect of the horn 1917 and failing to meet the regulatory sound level requirements.

[0099] In related technologies, the front frame includes a grille, which is installed at the front of the front frame for air intake, protection of internal components such as the horn from damage by foreign objects, and enhancement of the aesthetics of the electric all-terrain vehicle. The horn's sound-emitting part faces the lower front of the electric all-terrain vehicle. In this embodiment, a novel grille-less design is adopted. By arranging a mesh-like openwork portion on the motor baffle 1216, and placing this openwork portion directly in front of the horn 1917 along its length, the propagation obstruction of the sound emitted by the horn 1917 facing the front of the electric all-terrain vehicle 100 is reduced. This achieves protection for components such as the horn 1917 while allowing the sound from the horn 1917 to propagate better to meet regulatory sound level requirements.

[0100] As an optional implementation, the upper edge of the motor baffle 1216 has a second notch 1216a. The opening directions of the first notch 1531 and the second notch 1216a are set opposite to each other. When viewed from the length direction, the space formed by the first notch 1531 and the second notch 1216a overlaps with the horn 1917.

[0101] With the first notch 1531 and the second notch 1216a in the above configuration, the speaker 1917 is arranged between the first notch 1531 and the second notch 1216a in the height direction. The front of the speaker 1917 is not blocked by the motor baffle 1216 and the cargo box cover 153, so that the sound of the speaker 1917 can be better propagated.

[0102] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric all-terrain vehicle, comprising: Power battery; The vehicle frame includes a main frame and a subframe disposed above the main frame. The main frame includes a front frame disposed in front of the subframe, and the subframe is supported by the front frame. A body panel, the body panel including a front fender that covers the front frame; An electrical system, at least a portion of which is disposed on the vehicle frame; The vehicle is characterized in that the front fender has a front maintenance opening that extends along the height direction of the vehicle frame, and the area below the front maintenance opening is defined as the maintenance area of ​​the electric all-terrain vehicle; the electrical system includes a battery, a fuse unit, and several controllers, and the interfaces of the battery, the fuse unit, and some of the controllers are arranged in the maintenance area, and the front maintenance opening and the maintenance area at least partially overlap in the horizontal plane along the height direction of the vehicle frame.

2. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The body panel also includes a cover plate and a front rack cover covering the front fender, the front rack cover having a front rack through-hole that overlaps with the front service opening in the height direction, the cover plate being detachably connected to the front rack cover and covering the front rack through-hole.

3. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several of the controllers include an OBD controller, the interface of which is located in the maintenance area.

4. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the front shelf opening on the horizontal plane is defined as the third projection, and the orthographic projection of the front shelf cover on the horizontal plane is defined as the fourth projection. The ratio between the area of ​​the third projection and the area of ​​the fourth projection is in the range of 0.2 to 0.

3.

5. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ratio between the area of ​​the third projection and the area of ​​the fourth projection ranges from 0.22 to 0.

28.

6. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front frame includes a support beam disposed below the maintenance area, the support beam extending along the width direction of the frame, and the battery being fixed to the support beam.

7. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vehicle body panel includes an electrical mounting plate, which is fixed to the front frame and located between the support beam and the front service port. The interfaces of the fuse unit and several controllers are all located on the electrical mounting plate.

8. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The electrical mounting plate has a through-hole extending through it, through which at least a portion of the battery passes and extends toward the front maintenance port.

9. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The orthographic projection of the battery on the horizontal plane is defined as the fifth projection, and the ratio of the area of ​​the fifth projection to the area of ​​the orthographic projection of the maintenance area on the horizontal plane ranges from 0.4 to 0.

6.

10. The electric all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical system includes a transformer module, and the storage battery is electrically connected to the power battery through the transformer module, wherein the operating voltage of the storage battery is 12V.

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