Rectifier circuit and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rectifying circuit and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of wireless energy transmission. The rectifying circuit comprises a broadband matching network, a coupling network, a rectifying network and a direct current filtering network; the broadband matching network is connected with a signal source and is used for performing impedance matching with the signal source and receiving a radio frequency signal provided by the signal source; the coupling network is connected with the broadband matching network and the rectification network and is used for increasing the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network and outputting the radio frequency signal with the increased voltage to the rectification network; the rectification network comprises a Schottky diode, is connected with the direct current filter network and is used for converting the received radio frequency signal into a direct current signal through the Schottky diode and outputting the direct current signal to the direct current filter network; and the direct current filter network is used for filtering the signal output by the rectification network to obtain and output the direct current signal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of wireless power transfer technology, specifically relating to a rectifier circuit and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is a technology that uses physical energy carriers such as electromagnetic fields, microwaves, and lasers to transfer energy from an energy source to an electrical load. Because WPT enables wireless energy transfer, it solves the problems associated with traditional wired transmission methods relying on electrical conductors, and therefore has been widely studied. The rectifier circuit, as a crucial component of the receiver in a wireless power transfer system, converts received microwave energy into direct current (DC) energy. Therefore, the performance of the rectifier circuit, such as bandwidth and energy conversion efficiency, significantly impacts the wireless power transfer system. However, current rectifier circuits typically suffer from low energy conversion rates for lower-power microwave energy. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a rectifier circuit and electronic device that at least solves the problem that current rectifier circuits typically have a low energy conversion rate for low-power microwave energy.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a rectifier circuit, which includes: a broadband matching network, a coupling network, a rectifier network, and a DC filter network;

[0005] The broadband matching network is connected to the signal source and is used to perform impedance matching with the signal source and receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source.

[0006] The coupling network is connected to the broadband matching network and the rectifier network, and is used to increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network, and output the increased voltage radio frequency signal to the rectifier network;

[0007] The rectifier network includes a Schottky diode connected to the DC filter network, and is used to convert the received radio frequency signal into a DC signal through the Schottky diode and output it to the DC filter network.

[0008] The DC filter network is used to filter the signal output by the rectifier network to obtain and output the DC signal.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device comprising: any of the rectifier circuits described in the first aspect.

[0010] In this embodiment, the rectifier circuit includes a broadband matching network, a coupling network, a rectifier network, and a DC filter network. The broadband matching network receives the radio frequency (RF) signal provided by the signal source; the coupling network increases the voltage of the RF signal output by the broadband matching network. The rectifier network converts the received RF signal into a DC signal using a Schottky diode. The DC filter network filters the signal output by the rectifier network to obtain and output a DC signal. In this technical solution, the coupling network can increase the voltage of the RF signal transmitted by the broadband matching network. A higher voltage RF signal not only makes it easier for the Schottky diode in the rectifier network to enter the conduction state, but also allows the Schottky diode to capture more RF energy during rectification, thereby effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network, and thus improving the overall rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit. In particular, in low-power RF signal scenarios, the voltage of low-power RF signals is relatively low, and the Schottky diode also has an upper limit on the voltage of the RF signal it can receive. Therefore, the coupling network has greater potential to increase the voltage of low-power RF signals, which allows for the transmission of relatively higher voltage RF signals to the rectifier network, more effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit for low-power RF signals. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figures 1 to 9 These are schematic diagrams of one to nine of the rectifier circuits provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0012] Figure 10 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the variation of S-parameters with the frequency of the radio frequency signal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0013] Figure 11 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the variation of S-parameters with input power provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0014] Figure 12 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the change in rectification efficiency with input power provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0015] Figure 13 This is one of the schematic diagrams illustrating the change of rectification efficiency with input frequency provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0016] Figure 14 This is the tenth schematic diagram of the rectifier circuit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0017] Figure 15 This is the second schematic diagram showing the variation of S-parameters with the frequency of the radio frequency signal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 16This is the second schematic diagram showing the change in rectification efficiency with input power provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of this application may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, "and / or" in the specification and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0020] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 This illustrates a schematic diagram of a rectifier circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the rectifier circuit 1 includes: a broadband matching network 11, a coupling network 12, a rectifier network 13, and a DC filter network 14.

[0023] The broadband matching network 11 is connected to the signal source 2. The broadband matching network 11 is used for impedance matching with the signal source 2 and to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source 2. Optionally, the broadband matching network 11 is used to adjust the input impedance of the rectifier circuit 1 to achieve good impedance matching with the signal source 2 (e.g., an antenna) in the wireless power transmission system. This ensures that the radio frequency signal (or microwave energy) provided by the signal source 2 can be efficiently transmitted to the rectifier circuit, reducing signal reflection and power loss, improving the operational stability of the rectifier circuit, and widening the bandwidth of the entire rectifier circuit, thereby improving its broadband performance.

[0024] The coupling network 12 is connected to the broadband matching network 11 and the rectifier network 13. The coupling network 12 is used to increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network 11 and output the increased voltage radio frequency signal to the rectifier network 13.

[0025] The rectifier network 13 includes at least one Schottky diode. The rectifier network 13 is connected to the DC filter network 14. The rectifier network 13 is used to convert the received radio frequency signal into a DC signal through the Schottky diode and output it to the DC filter network 14.

[0026] The DC filter network 14 is used to filter the signal output from the rectifier network 13 to obtain and output a DC signal. Specifically, the DC filter network 14 is used to filter out the radio frequency energy (i.e., AC energy) in the signal output from the rectifier network 13, so as to retain and output the DC signal converted by the rectifier network 13, so that the rectifier circuit 1 will not output radio frequency signals to a certain extent, thus ensuring the circuit conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0027] In this embodiment, the coupling network 12 can increase the voltage of the radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted by the broadband matching network 11. A higher RF signal not only makes it easier for the Schottky diode in the rectifier network 13 to enter the conduction state, but also allows the Schottky diode to capture more RF energy during rectification, thereby effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13, and ultimately improving the overall rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit. In particular, in low-power RF signal scenarios, the voltage of the low-power RF signal is relatively low, and the Schottky diode has an upper limit on the voltage of the RF signal it can receive. Therefore, the coupling network 12 has greater potential to increase the voltage of the low-power RF signal, allowing the transmission of a relatively higher voltage RF signal to the rectifier network 13, more effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit for low-power RF signals.

[0028] In this embodiment, the coupling network 12 is used to increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network 11, and output the increased voltage radio frequency signal to the rectifier network 13.

[0029] Optionally, such as Figure 2 As shown, the coupling network 12 may include at least one coupling stub 121. The coupling stub 121 is connected to the broadband matching network 11 and the rectifier network 13. The coupling stub 121 is used to increase the voltage of the RF signal output by the broadband matching network 11. The main body of the coupling stub 121 consists of two parallel microstrip lines of different widths but the same length, coupled to other devices. Therefore, the coupling stub 121 has a larger inductance value than the microstrip lines. Consequently, the RF signal transmitted on the coupling stub can increase the voltage of the RF signal compared to that transmitted on the microstrip lines. Furthermore, since the microstrip lines also have filtering functions, the coupling stub 121 is also called a coupling filter stub.

[0030] In one optional case, please continue to refer to Figure 2 The coupled network 12 includes a coupled stub 121. The coupled stub 121 is connected to both the broadband matching network 11 and the rectifier network 13. Alternatively, as in another optional configuration... Figure 3 As shown, the coupling network 12 includes at least two coupling stubs 121. The at least two coupling stubs 121 are connected in series via microstrip lines. The at least two coupling stubs 121 cooperate to increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network 11.

[0031] Optionally, the number of coupling branches 121 in the coupled network 12 can be from 1 to 10. It should be noted that... Figure 3 Taking a coupled network 12 comprising two coupled branches 121 as an example, the coupled network 12 also includes a ninth microstrip line 122. Figure 3 In the coupled network 12, two coupled branches 121 include: a first coupled branch 1211 and a second coupled branch 1212. One end of the first coupled branch 1211 is coupled to the broadband matching network 11, and the other end of the first coupled branch 1211 is coupled to one end of the ninth microstrip line 122. The other end of the ninth microstrip line 122 is coupled to one end of the second coupled branch 1212. The other end of the second coupled branch 1212 is coupled to the rectifier network 13.

[0032] In some embodiments, the voltage of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the broadband matching network 11 can be effectively increased by the coupling stub 121 in the coupling network 12, thereby increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13, and thus improving the overall rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0033] In this embodiment of the application, the broadband matching network 11 is used to perform impedance matching with the signal source 2 and to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source 2.

[0034] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the broadband matching network 11 includes: a first microstrip line 111, a DC blocking capacitor 112, an impedance matching stub 113, and a second microstrip line 114.

[0035] The first microstrip line 111 is connected to the DC blocking capacitor 112. The first microstrip line 111 is used to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source 2 and output the radio frequency signal to the DC blocking capacitor 112.

[0036] The DC blocking capacitor 112 is connected to the impedance matching stub 113. The DC blocking capacitor 112 is used to block the DC signal output from the first microstrip line 111, obtaining a DC-blocked radio frequency signal that is output to the impedance matching stub 113. Specifically, optionally, the DC blocking capacitor 112 is used to block the DC energy in the received radio frequency signal from being output through the DC blocking capacitor 112.

[0037] Impedance matching stub 113 is connected to the second microstrip line 114. Impedance matching stub 113 is used to adjust the input impedance of the rectifier circuit to achieve impedance matching with the signal source 2, and outputs the radio frequency signal transmitted through the DC blocking capacitor 112 to the second microstrip line 114. The second microstrip line 114 is connected to the coupling network 12. Optionally, impedance matching stub 113 may include a third microstrip line 1131 and a fourth microstrip line 1132. The third microstrip line 1131 and the fourth microstrip line 1132 are connected in an L-shape, and their common terminal is connected to the second microstrip line 114.

[0038] The second microstrip line 114 is used to adjust the output impedance of the broadband matching network 11 to achieve impedance matching with the circuit subsequently connected to the second microstrip line 114 in the rectifier circuit, and to output the radio frequency signal transmitted through the impedance matching stub 113 to the coupling network 12. Optionally, the second microstrip line 114 is used to compress and adjust the output impedance of the broadband matching network 11 to achieve better broadband performance of the rectifier circuit.

[0039] In this way, by adjusting the output impedance of the broadband matching network 11 through the second microstrip line 114, good impedance matching between the second microstrip line 114 and its subsequent circuits can be achieved. The impedance-matched network can achieve maximum signal power output. Therefore, by adjusting the output impedance of the broadband matching network 11 through the second microstrip line 114, more radio frequency energy can be transferred from the broadband matching network 11 to the subsequent circuits, allowing the subsequent circuits to capture more radio frequency energy and thus achieve higher energy conversion efficiency, thereby improving the energy conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0040] In an optional configuration, the broadband matching network 11 contains at least two second microstrip lines 114 connected in series. These at least two second microstrip lines 114 cooperate to adjust the output impedance of the broadband matching network 11, achieving impedance matching with the circuits subsequently connected to the second microstrip lines 114 in the rectifier circuit, and transmitting the radio frequency signal through the impedance-matched stub 113 to the coupling network 12. It should be noted that... Figure 4 The broadband matching network 11 includes two second microstrip lines 114 as an example. Figure 4 In this configuration, the two second microstrip lines 114 include a first second microstrip line 1141 and a second second microstrip line 1142. The first second microstrip line 1141 is connected to the impedance matching stub 113 and the second second microstrip line 1142, respectively. The second second microstrip line 1142 is also connected to the coupling network 12.

[0041] Further optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the broadband matching network 11 further includes a first lumped inductor 115. The first lumped inductor 115 is connected to the impedance matching stub 113 and the second microstrip line 114, respectively. The first lumped inductor 115 is used for capacitance compensation of the Schottky diodes in the rectifier network 13. Optionally, the first lumped inductor 115 can be a power inductor.

[0042] In this embodiment, the DC filter network 14 is used to filter the signal output by the rectifier network 13 to obtain and output a DC signal. The DC filter network 14 filters out the radio frequency signal (i.e., the unconverted radio frequency energy from the Schottky diode, AC signal) in the signal output by the rectifier network 13, retaining and outputting the DC signal converted by the rectifier network 13. This ensures that the rectifier circuit 1 will not output radio frequency signals to a certain extent, guaranteeing the circuit conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit.

[0043] In an alternative embodiment, the DC filter network 14 can be a microstrip line structure. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the DC filter network 14 includes a fifth microstrip line 141, a sixth microstrip line 142, and at least one pair of sector microstrip lines 143. Each pair of sector microstrip lines 143 includes a first sector microstrip line 1431 and a second sector microstrip line 1432.

[0044] The vertex of the first sector microstrip line 1431 coincides with the vertex of the second sector microstrip line 1432, and is connected to the rectifier network 13 through the fifth microstrip line 141. The sixth microstrip line 142 is connected to the vertices of the first sector microstrip line 1431 and the second sector microstrip line 1432 respectively, and serves as the output terminal of the DC filter network 14 for outputting DC signals. Each pair of sector microstrip lines 143 is used to filter out the radio frequency signals in the signal output by the rectifier network 13, thereby obtaining the DC signal in the signal output by the rectifier network 13.

[0045] In some embodiments, the first sector microstrip line 1431 can be an open stub with a length of 1 / 4 wavelength, used to filter out odd harmonics, including the fundamental frequency, in the radio frequency signal. The second sector microstrip line 1432 is an open stub with a length of 1 / 8 wavelength, used to filter out even harmonics in the radio frequency signal. Here, wavelength refers to the wavelength of the radio frequency signal received by the rectifier circuit. Because the surface area of ​​a sector microstrip line is larger than that of a straight microstrip line, the signal can travel through more varied and longer paths. Therefore, the bandwidth of the DC filter network can be effectively widened.

[0046] Alternatively, the DC filter network 14 can be a lumped element structure. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the DC filter network 14 may include at least one lumped capacitor 144. One end of the lumped capacitor 144 is connected to the rectifier network 13, and the other end of the lumped capacitor 144 is grounded. Where the DC filter network 14 includes at least two lumped capacitors 144, the at least two lumped capacitors 144 are connected in parallel. That is, one end of each lumped capacitor 144 is connected to the rectifier network 13, and the other end of each lumped capacitor 144 is grounded. The at least two lumped capacitors 144 connected in parallel are used to cooperate in filtering the signal output from the rectifier network 13 to obtain and output a DC signal.

[0047] Alternatively, please continue to refer to Figure 6 The DC filter network 14 also includes a lumped inductor 145. The lumped inductor 145 is connected to one end of the rectifier network 13 and the lumped capacitor 144, respectively. For example, the DC filter network 14 also includes a tenth microstrip line 146. One end of the lumped inductor 145 is connected to the rectifier network 13, and the other end of the lumped inductor 145 is connected to one end of the lumped capacitor 144 via the tenth microstrip line 146.

[0048] It should be noted that, Figure 6 The DC filter network 14 includes two lumped capacitors 144 as an example.

[0049] In this embodiment, the rectifier network 13 is used to convert the received radio frequency signal into a DC signal through a Schottky diode and output it to the DC filter network 14.

[0050] Optionally, the rectifier network 13 may include a seventh microstrip line and an eighth microstrip line. The seventh microstrip line is connected to the coupling network, the DC filter network, and the Schottky diode. The Schottky diode is grounded through the eighth microstrip line. The Schottky diode is used to convert the RF signal output from the coupling network 12 into a DC signal via the seventh microstrip line. The seventh microstrip line is used to compensate for the capacitance of the Schottky diode, increasing the bandwidth of the rectifier network 13. The eighth microstrip line is used to prevent RF energy leakage.

[0051] Since unconverted radio frequency (RF) energy in a Schottky diode can leak to ground through its ground terminal, using an eighth microstrip line to ground the Schottky diode, compared to directly grounding the diode, effectively blocks the leakage of unconverted RF energy to ground by adjusting the impedance of the eighth microstrip line, thus preventing RF energy leakage in the rectifier circuit.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the rectifier network 13 can be a voltage doubler rectifier structure. For example... Figure 7 As shown, the rectifier network 13 includes two Schottky diodes. These two Schottky diodes are a first Schottky diode 133 and a second Schottky diode 134. One end of the first Schottky diode 133 is connected to the seventh microstrip line 131, and the other end is connected to the DC filter network 14. One end of the second Schottky diode 134 is connected to the seventh microstrip line 131, and the other end is grounded through the eighth microstrip line 132. The first Schottky diode 133 and the second Schottky diode 134 work together to convert the radio frequency signal output from the coupling network 12 into a DC signal.

[0053] Optionally, the cathode of the first Schottky diode 133 is connected to the seventh microstrip line 131, and the anode of the first Schottky diode 133 is connected to the DC filter network 14. The cathode of the second Schottky diode 134 is connected to the seventh microstrip line 131, and the anode of the second Schottky diode 134 is grounded through the eighth microstrip line 132. Grounding the second Schottky diode 134 through the eighth microstrip line allows for effective blocking of RF energy leakage to ground that is not converted by the Schottky diode by adjusting the impedance of the eighth microstrip line, thus preventing RF energy leakage in the rectifier circuit.

[0054] In some embodiments, by employing a voltage doubler rectifier structure in the rectifier network 13, the impedance variation amplitude of the Schottky diode within the operating frequency band can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13. Furthermore, since two Schottky diodes have a larger power capacity than a single Schottky diode, the rectifier network 13 also has a higher power capacity, thus giving the rectifier circuit 1 superior power capacity performance.

[0055] In an alternative embodiment, the rectifier network 13 can be a single-diode rectifier structure. For example... Figure 8 As shown, the rectifier network 13 includes a third Schottky diode 135. The eighth microstrip line 132 is the third coupling stub. One end of the third Schottky diode 135 is connected to the coupling network 12 and the DC filter network 14 via the seventh microstrip line 131, and the other end of the third Schottky diode 135 is grounded via the third coupling stub 132. The third Schottky diode 135 is used to convert the radio frequency signal output from the coupling network 12 into a DC signal.

[0056] Optionally, the cathode of the third Schottky diode 135 is connected to the coupling network 12 and the DC filter network 14 via the seventh microstrip line 131, and the anode of the third Schottky diode 135 is grounded via the third coupling stub 132.

[0057] In some embodiments, by employing a single-diode rectifier network 13, compared to a voltage doubler rectifier network 13, the number of circuit components is effectively reduced, the footprint of the rectifier circuit is decreased, and the space utilization of the circuit is effectively improved. Furthermore, the third coupling stub can also increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal on the branch where the third Schottky diode 135 is located, thereby further increasing the DC voltage converted by the third Schottky diode 135 and improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13.

[0058] In this embodiment, the coupling network 12 can increase the voltage of the radio frequency (RF) signal transmitted by the broadband matching network 11. A higher RF signal not only makes it easier for the Schottky diode in the rectifier network 13 to enter the conduction state, but also allows the Schottky diode to capture more RF energy during rectification, thereby effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13, and ultimately improving the overall rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit. In particular, in low-power RF signal scenarios, the voltage of the low-power RF signal is relatively low, and the Schottky diode has an upper limit on the voltage of the RF signal it can receive. Therefore, the coupling network 12 has greater potential to increase the voltage of the low-power RF signal, allowing the transmission of a relatively higher voltage RF signal to the rectifier network 13, more effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit for low-power RF signals.

[0059] For ease of understanding, the following two examples further illustrate the rectifier circuit 1 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0060] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the rectifier circuit 1 includes a broadband matching network 11, a coupling network 12, a rectifier network 13, and a DC filter network 14. The broadband matching network 11 includes: a first microstrip line 111, a DC blocking capacitor 112, an impedance matching stub 113, a second microstrip line 114, a first second microstrip line 1141, a second second microstrip line 1142, and a first lumped inductor 115.

[0061] The first microstrip line 111 is sequentially connected to the DC blocking capacitor 112, the impedance matching stub 113, the first lumped inductor 115, the first second microstrip line 1141, and the second second microstrip line 1142. Furthermore, the impedance matching stub 113 includes a third microstrip line 1131 and a fourth microstrip line 1132 connected in an L-shape.

[0062] The coupling network 12 includes a ninth microstrip line 122, a first coupling stub 1211, and a second coupling stub 1212. One end of the first coupling stub 1211 is connected to a second microstrip line 1142, and the other end of the first coupling stub 1211 is connected to one end of the ninth microstrip line 122. The other end of the ninth microstrip line 122 is connected to one end of the second coupling stub 1212. The other end of the second coupling stub 1212 is connected to the rectifier network 13.

[0063] The rectifier network 13 includes a seventh microstrip line 131, an eighth microstrip line 132, a first Schottky diode 133, and a second Schottky diode 134. The cathode of the first Schottky diode 133 is connected to the second coupling stub 1212 via the seventh microstrip line 131, and the anode of the first Schottky diode 133 is connected to the DC filter network 14. The cathode of the second Schottky diode 134 is connected to the seventh microstrip line 131, and the anode of the second Schottky diode 134 is grounded via the eighth microstrip line 132.

[0064] The DC filter network 14 includes a fifth microstrip line 141, a sixth microstrip line 142, a first sector microstrip line 1431, and a second sector microstrip line 1432. The vertex of the first sector microstrip line 1431 coincides with the vertex of the second sector microstrip line 1432, and is connected to the anode of the first Schottky diode 133 through the fifth microstrip line 141. The sixth microstrip line 142 connects the vertices of the first and second sector microstrip lines 1431 and serves as the output terminal of the DC filter network 14 for outputting DC signals.

[0065] In this example, the overall size of rectifier circuit 1 is 32 × 60 mm, and the input power range is [-10, 0]. Furthermore, the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit can reach 68.3% when receiving an RF signal with a power of 0 dBm. Figure 9 The DC filter network 14 of the rectifier circuit 1 shown is connected to a 1800Ω load device 3. Assuming that the specifications of each component in the rectifier circuit 1 meet the following first specification, simulation of the rectifier circuit 1 yields the following results: Figures 10 to 13 The parameter diagram shown is shown below.

[0066] The first microstrip line 111 has a width W1 of 0.1 mm and a length L1 of 4.5 mm. The DC blocking capacitor 112 has a capacitance of 50 pF. In the impedance matching stub 113, the third microstrip line 1131 has a width W2 of 2 mm and a length L2 of 6.4 mm; the fourth microstrip line 1132 has a width W3 of 0.35 mm and a length L3 of 10 mm. The first lumped inductor 115 has an inductance of 1.2 nH. The first second microstrip line 1141 has a width W4 of 1 mm and a length L4 of 4.5 mm. The second second microstrip line 1142 has a width W5 of 2.5 mm and a length L5 of 5 mm.

[0067] In the first coupling stub 1211, one microstrip line has a width W18 of 0.45 mm, another microstrip line has a width W19 of 0.4 mm, and the length L18 of the two microstrip lines is 8.32 mm. In the second coupling stub 1212, one microstrip line has a width W12 of 0.6 mm, another microstrip line has a width W13 of 2.12 mm, and the length L12 of the two microstrip lines is 5.34 mm. In the ninth microstrip line 122, one microstrip line has a width W18 of 0.45 mm, another microstrip line has a width W19 of 0.4 mm, and the length L18 of the ninth microstrip line 122 is 8.32 mm.

[0068] The first Schottky diode 133 and the second Schottky diode 134 both use the SMS7630 diode model, whose main performance parameters are: reverse saturation current of 5 Ω, reverse breakdown voltage of 2 Ω, zero-bias junction capacitance of 0.14 Ω, and internal series resistance of 2 Ω. Due to its ideal performance, the SMS7630 is suitable for low-power applications. The seventh microstrip line 131 has a width W6 of 0.4 mm and a length L6 of 5.13 mm. The eighth microstrip line 132 has a width W7 of 0.1 mm and a length L7 of 11.23 mm.

[0069] The fifth microstrip line 141 has a width W8 of 0.427 mm and a length L8 of 15.13 mm. The sixth microstrip line 142 has a width W9 of 0.427 mm and a length L9 of 16.87 mm. The first sector-shaped microstrip line 1431 has a width W20 of 1.67 mm and a length L20 of 10.35 mm. The second sector-shaped microstrip line 1432 has a width W21 of 0.32 mm and a length L21 of 19.34 mm.

[0070] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the variation of the S(1,1) parameters (S-parameters) of the DC filter network 14 in the rectifier circuit 1 with the frequency of the input RF signal. Figure 10 The horizontal axis represents the frequency of the RF signal input to the DC filter network 14, in GHz. The vertical axis represents the S(1,1) parameter of the DC filter network 14, in dB. As shown in Figure 10, when the frequency of the RF signal input to the DC filter network 14 is in the range of 1-4 GHz, the S(1,1) parameter of the DC filter network 14 is always below -20 dB. The smaller the value of the S(1,1) parameter, the better the pass-through filtering effect of the DC filter network 14. Clearly, the DC filter network 14 of the rectifier circuit 1 in this application can effectively suppress harmonics for RF signals with frequencies in the range of 1-4 GHz.

[0071] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency response of rectifier circuit 1 when the input power (i.e., the power of the input RF signal) is 0 dBm. Figure 11 The horizontal axis represents the frequency of the RF signal of rectifier circuit 1, in GHz. The vertical axis represents the S(1,1) parameter of rectifier circuit 1, in dB. As can be seen from Figure 11, the frequency response curve is generally below a certain value (e.g., -3dB). Therefore, rectifier circuit 1 has a good frequency response when the input power is 0dBm, achieving good impedance matching.

[0072] Figure 12 This diagram illustrates the change in rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 as a function of input power when the input frequency (i.e., the frequency of the input RF signal) is 2.4 GHz. Figure 12 The horizontal axis represents the input power of rectifier circuit 1, in dBm. The vertical axis represents the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1, in %. As shown in Figure 12, when the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is within the range of -10 to 6 dBm, the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 can be greater than 40%. Furthermore, when the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is 2.2 dBm, the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 reaches its maximum value: 68.5%.

[0073] Figure 13This is a schematic diagram showing the change in rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 as a function of input frequency when the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is 0dBm. Figure 13 The horizontal axis represents the input frequency of rectifier circuit 1, in GHz. The vertical axis represents the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1, in %. As shown in Figure 13, when the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is 0 dBm, the effective bandwidth of rectifier circuit 1 is 1.8~2.8 GHz. Obviously, the rectifier circuit in this example has the advantages of wide bandwidth and high conversion efficiency in the low input power range.

[0074] Another example, such as Figure 14 As shown, the rectifier circuit 1 includes a broadband matching network 11, a coupling network 12, a rectifier network 13, and a DC filter network 14. The broadband matching network 11 includes: a first microstrip line 111, a DC blocking capacitor 112, an impedance matching stub 113, a second microstrip line 114, a first second microstrip line 1141, a second second microstrip line 1142, and a first lumped inductor 115.

[0075] The first microstrip line 111 is sequentially connected to the DC blocking capacitor 112, the impedance matching stub 113, the first lumped inductor 115, the first second microstrip line 1141, and the second second microstrip line 1142. Furthermore, the impedance matching stub 113 includes a third microstrip line 1131 and a fourth microstrip line 1132 connected in an L-shape.

[0076] The coupling network 12 includes a single coupling stub 121. The coupling stub 121 is connected to the second microstrip line 1142 and the rectifier network 13, respectively.

[0077] The rectifier network 13 includes a seventh microstrip line 131, a third coupling stub 132, and a third Schottky diode 135. The cathode of the third Schottky diode 135 is connected to the coupling stub 121 and the DC filter network 14 via the seventh microstrip line 131, and the anode of the third Schottky diode 135 is grounded via the third coupling stub 132.

[0078] The DC filter network 14 includes: a lumped inductor 145, a tenth microstrip line 146, a first lumped capacitor 1441, and a second lumped capacitor 1442. One end of the lumped inductor 145 is connected to the seventh microstrip line 131, and the other end of the lumped inductor 145 is connected to one end of the first lumped capacitor 1441 and the second lumped capacitor 1442 via the tenth microstrip line 146. The other ends of the first lumped capacitor 1441 and the second lumped capacitor 1442 are grounded. That is, the first lumped capacitor 1441 and the second lumped capacitor 1442 are connected in parallel.

[0079] In this example, the overall size of rectifier circuit 1 is 28 × 56 mm, and the input power range is [-10, 0]. Furthermore, the rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit can reach 60.4% when receiving an RF signal with a power of 0 dBm. Figure 14 The DC filter network 14 of the rectifier circuit 1 shown is connected to a 2000Ω load device 3. Assuming that the specifications of each component in the rectifier circuit 1 meet the following second specification, simulation of the rectifier circuit 1 yields the following results: Figures 15 to 16 The parameter diagram shown is shown below.

[0080] The second specification includes:

[0081] The first microstrip line 111 has a width W10 of 0.788 mm and a length L10 of 3.722 mm. The DC blocking capacitor 112 has a capacitance of 50 pF. In the impedance matching stub 113, the third microstrip line 1131 has a width W11 of 2.65 mm and a length L11 of 11.78 mm; the fourth microstrip line 1132 has a width W12 of 2.35 mm and a length L12 of 1.54 mm. The first lumped inductor 115 has an inductance of 1.6 nH. The first second microstrip line 1141 has a width W13 of 1.374 mm and a length L13 of 13.41 mm. The second second microstrip line 1142 has a width W14 of 2.27 mm and a length L14 of 4.21 mm.

[0082] In the coupling network 12, within coupling stub 121, one microstrip line has a width W22 of 0.1 mm, another microstrip line has a width W23 of 0.892 mm, and the length L22 of the two microstrip lines is 17.74 mm. In the third coupling stub 132, one microstrip line has a width W24 of 0.54 mm, another microstrip line has a width W25 of 0.734 mm, and the length L24 of the two microstrip lines is 8.17 mm. The seventh microstrip line 131 has a width W15 of 0.4 mm and a length L15 of 5.13 mm.

[0083] The third Schottky diode, 135, is an SMS7630 model. Its main performance parameters are: reverse saturation current of 5 ohms, reverse breakdown voltage of 2 ohms, zero-bias junction capacitance of 0.14 ohms, and internal series resistance of 2 ohms. Due to its ideal performance, the SMS7630 is suitable for low-power applications.

[0084] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the frequency response of rectifier circuit 1 when the input power is 0dBm. Figure 15The horizontal axis represents the frequency of the RF signal of rectifier circuit 1, in GHz. The vertical axis represents the S(1,1) parameter of rectifier circuit 1, in dB. As shown in Figure 15, the frequency response curve is generally below a certain value (e.g., -3dB). Therefore, rectifier circuit 1 has a good frequency response when the input power is 0dBm, achieving good impedance matching.

[0085] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the change in rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 as a function of input power. Figure 16 The horizontal axis represents the input power of rectifier circuit 1, in dBm. The vertical axis represents the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1, in %. As shown in Figure 16, when the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is in the range of -12.3 to 1.1 dBm, the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 can be greater than 40%. Furthermore, the rectification efficiency of rectifier circuit 1 reaches its maximum value of 61.4% when the input power is -1.9 dBm. When the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is -5 dBm, the rectification efficiency is 56.7%. When the input power of rectifier circuit 1 is -10 dBm, the rectification efficiency is 46%. Clearly, the rectifier circuit in this example has the advantages of wide bandwidth and high conversion efficiency in the low input power range.

[0086] In summary, the rectifier circuit provided in this application includes a broadband matching network, a coupling network, a rectifier network, and a DC filter network. The broadband matching network receives the radio frequency (RF) signal provided by the signal source; the coupling network increases the voltage of the RF signal output by the broadband matching network. The rectifier network converts the received RF signal into a DC signal using a Schottky diode. The DC filter network filters the signal output by the rectifier network to obtain and output a DC signal. In this technical solution, the coupling network 12 can increase the voltage of the RF signal transmitted by the broadband matching network 11. A higher voltage RF signal not only makes it easier for the Schottky diode in the rectifier network 13 to enter the conduction state, but also allows the Schottky diode to capture more RF energy during rectification, thereby effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13, and thus improving the overall rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit. In particular, in low-power RF signal scenarios, the voltage of low-power RF signals is relatively low, and the Schottky diode also has an upper limit on the voltage of the RF signal it can receive. Therefore, the coupling network 12 has greater potential to increase the voltage of low-power radio frequency signals, which allows for the transmission of relatively higher voltage radio frequency signals to the rectifier network 13, more effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode and improving the energy conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit for low-power radio frequency signals.

[0087] This application also provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes the rectifier circuit provided in any embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the rectifier circuit of the electronic device includes a broadband matching network, a coupling network, a rectifier network, and a DC filter network. The broadband matching network is used to receive a radio frequency (RF) signal provided by a signal source; the coupling network is used to increase the voltage of the RF signal output by the broadband matching network. The rectifier network is used to convert the received RF signal into a DC signal using a Schottky diode. The DC filter network is used to filter the signal output by the rectifier network to obtain and output a DC signal. In this technical solution, the coupling network 12 can increase the voltage of the RF signal transmitted by the broadband matching network 11. A higher voltage RF signal not only makes it easier for the Schottky diode in the rectifier network 13 to enter the conduction state, but also allows the Schottky diode to capture more RF energy during rectification, thereby effectively increasing the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode, improving the rectification efficiency of the rectifier network 13, and thus improving the overall rectification efficiency of the rectifier circuit. In particular, in low-power radio frequency (RF) signal scenarios, the voltage of low-power RF signals is relatively low, and the Schottky diode also has an upper limit on the voltage of the RF signals it can receive. Therefore, the coupling network 12 has a greater capacity to increase the voltage of low-power RF signals, allowing relatively higher voltage RF signals to be transmitted to the rectifier network 13. This more effectively increases the DC voltage converted by the Schottky diode and improves the energy conversion efficiency of the rectifier circuit for low-power RF signals.

[0088] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0089] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rectifier circuit, characterized in that, The rectifier circuit includes: a broadband matching network, a coupling network, a rectifier network, and a DC filter network; The broadband matching network is connected to the signal source and is used to perform impedance matching with the signal source and receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source. The coupling network is connected to the broadband matching network and the rectifier network, and is used to increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network, and output the radio frequency signal with increased voltage to the rectifier network; The rectifier network includes a Schottky diode connected to the DC filter network, and is used to convert the received radio frequency signal into a DC signal through the Schottky diode and output it to the DC filter network. The DC filter network is used to filter the signal output by the rectifier network to obtain and output the DC signal.

2. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coupling network includes: coupling branches; The coupling stub is connected to the broadband matching network and the rectifier network to increase the voltage of the radio frequency signal output by the broadband matching network.

3. The rectifier circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of coupling branches in the coupling network is at least two, and the at least two coupling branches are connected in series via microstrip lines.

4. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The broadband matching network includes: a first microstrip line, a DC blocking capacitor, an impedance matching stub, and a second microstrip line; The first microstrip line is connected to a DC blocking capacitor and is used to receive the radio frequency signal provided by the signal source and output the radio frequency signal to the DC blocking capacitor. The DC blocking capacitor is connected to the impedance matching stub and is used to perform DC blocking processing on the signal output from the first microstrip line, so as to obtain and output the DC-blocked radio frequency signal to the impedance matching stub. The impedance matching stub is connected to the second microstrip line and is used to adjust the input impedance of the rectifier circuit to perform impedance matching with the signal source and output the radio frequency signal transmitted by the DC blocking capacitor to the second microstrip line. The second microstrip line is connected to the coupling network to adjust the output impedance of the broadband matching network so as to perform impedance matching with the circuit subsequently connected to the second microstrip line in the rectifier circuit, and to output the radio frequency signal transmitted by the impedance matching stub to the coupling network.

5. The rectifier circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The impedance matching stub includes a third microstrip line and a fourth microstrip line; The third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line are connected in an L-shape, and the common end of the third microstrip line and the fourth microstrip line is connected to the second microstrip line.

6. The rectifier circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of the second microstrip lines is at least two, and the at least two second microstrip lines are connected in series.

7. The rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that, The broadband matching network also includes: a first centralized inductor; The first lumped inductor is connected to the impedance matching stub and the second microstrip line respectively, and is used to perform capacitance compensation for the Schottky diode in the rectifier network.

8. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC filter network includes: a fifth microstrip line, a sixth microstrip line, and at least one pair of sector microstrip lines; each pair of sector microstrip lines includes a first sector microstrip line and a second sector microstrip line. The vertex of the first sector microstrip line coincides with the vertex of the second sector microstrip line, and is connected to the rectifier network through the fifth microstrip line. The sixth microstrip line is connected to the vertex of the first sector microstrip line and the vertex of the second sector microstrip line, and serves as the output terminal of the DC filter network for outputting the DC signal.

9. The rectifier circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first sector microstrip line is an open stub with a length of 1 / 4 wavelength; the second sector microstrip line is an open stub with a length of 1 / 8 wavelength, where the wavelength refers to the wavelength of the radio frequency signal received by the rectifier circuit.

10. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC filter network includes: at least one lumped capacitor; One end of the lumped capacitor is connected to the rectifier network, and the other end of the lumped capacitor is grounded. In the case that the DC filter network includes at least two lumped capacitors, the at least two lumped capacitors are connected in parallel.

11. The rectifier circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The DC filter network also includes: a lumped inductor; The lumped inductor is connected to one end of the rectifier network and one end of the lumped capacitor, respectively.

12. The rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier network further includes: a seventh microstrip line and an eighth microstrip line; The seventh microstrip line is connected to the coupling network, the DC filter network, and the Schottky diode. The Schottky diode is grounded through the eighth microstrip line. The Schottky diode is used to convert the radio frequency signal output by the coupling network into a DC signal through the seventh microstrip line.

13. The rectifier circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The rectifier network includes two Schottky diodes, which are a first Schottky diode and a second Schottky diode. One end of the first Schottky diode is connected to the seventh microstrip line, and the other end of the first Schottky diode is connected to the DC filter network. One end of the second Schottky diode is connected to the seventh microstrip line, and the other end of the second Schottky diode is grounded through the eighth microstrip line.

14. The rectifier circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The rectifier network includes a third Schottky diode; the eighth microstrip line is a third coupling stub. One end of the third Schottky diode is connected to the coupling network and the DC filter network via the seventh microstrip line, and the other end of the third Schottky diode is grounded via the third coupling stub.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: the rectifier circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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