Crusher

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of crushers, and particularly relates to a crusher, which comprises a frame, a crushing bin, a crushing component rotatably matched in the crushing bin, a filter screen arranged in the crushing bin, a feeding channel arranged at the upper end of the crushing bin and a discharging channel arranged at the lower end of the crushing bin, and the crushing component comprises a rotating main body and hammers arranged on the rotating main body. An inner end opening of the feeding channel is arranged over the downward rotating side portion of the rotating body in an offset mode, a counterattack blocking wall is arranged on the side wall of the crushing bin, and the wall face of the counterattack blocking wall is arranged in an inclined and downward mode. According to the utility model, the hammer sheet with relatively thin thickness is reasonably adopted to replace a traditional hammer head to carry out crushing operation, so that the double crushing effects of shearing fracture and hammering fracture are achieved, the crushing efficiency can be effectively improved, and the energy consumption is reduced; and the metal fragments can be forced to rebound downwards and can be collided with the downward hammer for the second time, so that the metal fragments are prevented from splashing out of the feeding channel, and the crushing efficiency can be further improved.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of crusher technology, and specifically refers to a crusher. Background technology:

[0002] In daily life, scrap metal from discarded household appliances, motors, bathroom parts, and new energy batteries mainly consists of copper, aluminum, iron, and plastics, requiring crushing and recycling. Crushers, which break large particles into smaller ones, typically use rotating hammers to pound the scrap metal. However, because traditional hammer crushers rely on impact force, and metals are highly ductile, the hammering often deforms the material rather than breaks it, requiring repeated crushing, resulting in low efficiency and high energy consumption. Furthermore, the hammering of scrap metal can cause metal fragments to bounce randomly, with some fragments flying out of the feed inlet during the bounce, posing a serious safety hazard. Summary of the Invention:

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a crusher that uses thinner hammer blades to replace traditional hammers for crushing operations, thereby achieving a dual crushing effect of shearing and hammering. This effectively improves crushing efficiency and reduces energy consumption. At the same time, the inclined downward-facing impact baffle allows metal fragments to be forced to rebound downwards and collide with the downward-moving hammer blades, preventing metal fragments from splashing out of the feed channel and further improving crushing efficiency.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] A crusher includes a frame and a crushing chamber mounted on the frame. A crushing component is rotatably mounted inside the crushing chamber. A filter screen is installed inside the crushing chamber below the crushing component. The upper end of the crushing chamber has a feed channel and the lower end has a discharge channel. The crushing component includes a rotating body that rotates inside the crushing chamber and hammers mounted on the rotating body. The inner port of the feed channel, which communicates with the crushing chamber, is offset directly above the downward rotating side of the rotating body. An impact baffle is installed on the side wall of the crushing chamber located on the downward rotating side of the rotating body. The wall surface of the impact baffle is inclined downward. The tangential direction of the hammers that rotate to the inner port of the feed channel intersects with the impact baffle and forms a downward reflection angle.

[0006] In the aforementioned crusher, the rotating body includes a rotating main shaft that rotates within the crushing chamber and a rotating support that rotates synchronously on the rotating main shaft. The rotating support has several rings of blades evenly distributed along its axial direction, and each ring of blades consists of several hammers evenly distributed circumferentially on the rotating support.

[0007] In the aforementioned crusher, the rotating support includes several rotating disks that are axially spaced on the rotating main shaft and rotate synchronously with the rotating main shaft. Several circumferentially distributed linkage shafts are connected to each rotating disk. Hammers and limiting bushings are fitted on the linkage shafts between adjacent rotating disks. A fitting clearance is formed between the limiting bushing and the corresponding rotating disk to axially position the hammers.

[0008] In the aforementioned crusher, the hammer blades are rectangular plate-shaped structures, with mounting through holes at both ends, and one of the mounting through holes is connected to the rotating body.

[0009] In the aforementioned crusher, each of the rotating discs is provided with a linkage through hole for the linkage shaft to pass through. The ports of the linkage through holes of the outermost and innermost rotating discs are covered with limit blocks by fasteners, and the two end faces of the same linkage shaft abut against the corresponding limit blocks.

[0010] In the aforementioned crusher, the hammers and limiting bushings of two adjacent linkage shafts in the circumferential direction are arranged in opposite axial order.

[0011] In one of the aforementioned crushers, the filter screen has a semi-circular cross-section.

[0012] In one of the aforementioned crushers, the feed channel has a Z-shaped, S-shaped, or serpentine structure, and the outer port of the feed channel is set in the horizontal direction.

[0013] In one of the aforementioned crushers, the inner wall of the crushing chamber above the filter screen is entirely covered with impact plates.

[0014] The outstanding advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are:

[0015] This invention rationally replaces traditional hammerheads with thinner hammer blades for crushing operations, achieving a dual crushing effect of shearing and hammering, which can effectively improve crushing efficiency and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, with the help of the inclined downward-facing impact baffle, metal fragments are forced to rebound downwards and collide with the downward-moving hammer blades a second time, preventing metal fragments from splashing out of the feed channel and further improving crushing efficiency. Therefore, it can be applied to the crushing of both soft and high-hardness materials. Attached image description:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the crushing component of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Crushing chamber; 3. Filter screen; 4. Feed channel; 5. Discharge channel; 6. Hammer blade; 7. Impact wall; 8. Rotary spindle; 9. Rotary disc; 10. Linkage shaft; 11. Limiting bushing; 12. Impact plate; 13. Assembly through hole; 14. Limiting block. Detailed implementation method:

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. See also: Figure 1 —2:

[0020] A crusher includes a frame 1 and a crushing chamber 2 mounted on the frame 1. A crushing component is rotatably mounted inside the crushing chamber 2. A filter screen 3 is installed inside the crushing chamber 2 below the crushing component. The upper end of the crushing chamber 2 has a feed channel 4 and the lower end has a discharge channel 5. The crushing component includes a rotating body that rotates inside the crushing chamber 2 and hammers 6 mounted on the rotating body. The inner port of the feed channel 4, which communicates with the crushing chamber 2, is offset directly above the downward rotating side of the rotating body. An impact baffle 7 is installed on the side wall of the crushing chamber 2 located on the downward rotating side of the rotating body. The wall surface of the impact baffle 7 is inclined downward. The tangential direction of the hammers 6, which rotate to the inner port of the feed channel 4, intersects with the impact baffle 7 and forms a downward reflection angle.

[0021] This utility model rationally uses thinner hammer blades 6 to replace traditional hammer heads for crushing operations, so as to have a dual crushing effect of shearing fracture and hammering fracture, which can effectively improve crushing efficiency and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, with the help of the inclined downward-facing impact baffle 7, the metal fragments can be forced to rebound downward and can also collide with the downward-moving hammer blades 6, preventing metal fragments from splashing out of the feed channel 4, which can further improve crushing efficiency. Therefore, it can be applied to crushing both soft and high-hardness materials.

[0022] Furthermore, to enable the thinner hammer blades 6 to perform efficient crushing within the crushing chamber 2, the rotating body includes a rotating main shaft 8 that rotates within the crushing chamber 2, and a rotating support that rotates synchronously on the rotating main shaft 8. The rotating support has several rings of blades evenly spaced along its axial direction, each ring consisting of several circumferentially distributed hammer blades 6. This multi-layered distribution of hammer blades 6 allows for effective crushing of metal materials to below 25mm.

[0023] Furthermore, the specific structure adopted by the rotating support is as follows: the rotating support includes several rotating disks 9 that are axially spaced on the rotating main shaft 8 and rotate synchronously with the rotating main shaft 8, and several circumferentially distributed linkage shafts 10 are connected to each rotating disk 9. A hammer 6 and a limiting bushing 11 are fitted on the linkage shaft 10 between two adjacent rotating disks 9. The limiting bushing 11 and the corresponding rotating disk 9 form a fitting gap for axial positioning of the hammer 6.

[0024] Meanwhile, the hammer blade 6 has a rectangular plate structure, and both ends of the hammer blade 6 are provided with mounting through holes 13, one of which is connected to the rotating body, that is, one of the mounting through holes 13 is fitted onto the linkage shaft 10. Each hammer blade 6 has four hammering shearing angles, and the service life of the hammer blade 6 can be extended by changing the connection between the mounting through hole 13 and the linkage shaft 10.

[0025] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the linkage shaft 10 is stably axially fixed on the rotating disk 9, each of the rotating disks 9 is provided with a linkage through hole for the linkage shaft 10 to pass through. The ports of the linkage through holes of the outermost rotating disk 9 and the innermost rotating disk 9 are covered with limit blocks 14 by fasteners, and the two end faces of the same linkage shaft 10 abut against the corresponding limit blocks 14 respectively.

[0026] In this embodiment, in order to make the distribution of the hammer blades 6 more uniform and dense in the axial direction and further improve the crushing efficiency, the hammer blades 6 between the two adjacent linkage shafts 10 in the circumferential direction are arranged in the opposite order to the axial fitting of the limiting bushings 11.

[0027] The filter screen 3 has a semi-circular cross-section, which surrounds the outer side of the rotating hammer 6.

[0028] Meanwhile, considering that metal fragments might splash into the feed channel 4 due to disorderly rebound and collision, the feed channel 4 is designed with a Z-shaped, S-shaped, or serpentine structure to prevent these fragments from splashing out. The outer port of the feed channel 4 is horizontally oriented. That is, the inner and outer ports of the feed channel 4 face different directions, and the feed channel 4 is designed with a Z-shaped, S-shaped, or serpentine bend, allowing metal fragments to bounce between the inner walls of the feed channel 4 and not splash out.

[0029] In addition, to enhance the impact resistance of the crushing chamber 2, the inner wall surface of the crushing chamber 2 above the filter screen 3 is completely covered with impact plates 12.

[0030] The above embodiments are only one of the preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the shape, structure and principle of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A crusher, comprising a frame (1) and a crushing chamber (2) disposed on the frame (1), wherein a crushing component is rotatably fitted inside the crushing chamber (2), and a filter screen (3) is disposed inside the crushing chamber (2) below the crushing component; the upper end of the crushing chamber (2) has a feed channel (4) and the lower end has a discharge channel (5), characterized in that: The crushing assembly includes a rotating body that rotates inside the crushing chamber (2) and hammers (6) mounted on the rotating body. The inner port of the feed channel (4) that communicates with the crushing chamber (2) is offset directly above the downward rotating side of the rotating body. An impact baffle (7) is mounted on the side wall of the crushing chamber (2) located on the downward rotating side of the rotating body. The wall surface of the impact baffle (7) is inclined downward. The tangential direction of the hammers (6) that rotate to the inner port of the feed channel (4) intersects with the impact baffle (7) and forms a downward reflection angle.

2. The crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating body includes a rotating main shaft (8) that rotates in the crushing chamber (2) and a rotating support that rotates synchronously on the rotating main shaft (8). The rotating support has several rings of blades evenly distributed along its axial direction. Each ring of blades consists of several hammers (6) evenly distributed on the rotating support in the circumferential direction.

3. A crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating support includes several rotating disks (9) that are axially spaced on the rotating main shaft (8) and rotate synchronously with the rotating main shaft (8). Several circumferentially distributed linkage shafts (10) are connected to each rotating disk (9). A hammer (6) and a limiting bushing (11) are fitted on the linkage shaft (10) between two adjacent rotating disks (9). The limiting bushing (11) and the corresponding rotating disk (9) form a fitting gap for axial positioning of the hammer (6).

4. A crusher according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The hammer (6) has a rectangular plate structure, and both ends of the hammer (6) are provided with assembly through holes (13), and one of the assembly through holes (13) is connected to the rotating body.

5. A crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the rotating disks (9) is provided with a linkage through hole for the linkage shaft (10) to pass through. The ports of the linkage through holes of the outermost rotating disk (9) and the innermost rotating disk (9) are covered with a limiting block (14) by fasteners. The two end faces of the same linkage shaft (10) abut against the corresponding limiting block (14).

6. A crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hammers (6) and the limiting bushings (11) of two adjacent linkage shafts (10) in the circumferential direction are arranged in opposite axial order.

7. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen (3) has a semi-circular cross-section.

8. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding channel (4) has a Z-shaped, S-shaped or serpentine structure, and the outer port of the feeding channel (4) is set in the horizontal direction.

9. A crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the crushing chamber (2) located above the filter screen (3) is completely covered with impact plates (12).

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