Surface strengthening treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of surface strengthening, and particularly discloses surface strengthening treatment equipment. The surface strengthening treatment equipment comprises a lathe bed, a tool turret, a loading device, a supporting device and an opposite jacking device. Wherein the lathe bed is used for clamping a workpiece; the tool turret is arranged on the lathe bed and can be driven by the lathe bed to feed, the tool turret comprises a turret base module, a tool turret tray and a plurality of tools, and the tool turret tray is rotatably arranged on the turret base module and can be driven by the turret base module to rotate for tool changing; the loading device is used for applying a load to at least one cutter; the supporting device is arranged on the lathe bed and used for providing supporting force for the workpiece from the lower portion of the workpiece. The opposite jacking device is arranged on the lathe bed, the opposite jacking device and the tool turret are used for acting on the workpiece from the two opposite sides of the workpiece, and the opposite jacking device can provide balance force for the workpiece. The surface strengthening treatment equipment can effectively carry out surface strengthening on roll shaft type products, a gradient nano structure is formed on the surface of a workpiece, and the abrasion resistance and the fatigue resistance of the workpiece are improved to a large extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of surface strengthening technology, and more specifically, to a surface strengthening treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of industrial technology, improving the surface properties of metals has become an important direction for enhancing the service life, wear resistance, and reliability of equipment. Surface strengthening technologies, especially heat treatment or surface coatings, are widely used to improve the surface hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of metallic materials. However, traditional technologies have certain limitations, especially when processing certain high-requirement roller products, where their effects are not ideal.

[0003] To improve the service life of roller-type workpieces, traditional techniques such as heat treatment, surface coating, ultrasonic rolling, and laser cladding are commonly used to enhance their hardness and wear resistance. However, heat treatment suffers from problems such as uniform hardness distribution, stress concentration, and increased brittleness, and the depth of the reinforced layer is limited. Surface coating technology has drawbacks such as poor coating adhesion, limited thickness, and poor coating uniformity, and the process causes environmental pollution. Although ultrasonic rolling technology can introduce a residual compressive stress layer (up to 3mm or more) on the metal surface, the reinforced layer is relatively thin and lacks uniformity. Laser cladding can provide a deep surface reinforced layer and excellent wear resistance, but it is costly, has low precision, is prone to stress concentration leading to early peeling, and is complex to operate.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a surface strengthening treatment device to improve the surface strengthening treatment effect of roller-type workpieces is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a surface strengthening treatment device, the structural design of which can effectively solve the problem of poor surface strengthening treatment effect of roller-type workpieces.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A surface strengthening treatment apparatus, comprising:

[0008] The bed is used for clamping workpieces;

[0009] The turret is mounted on the machine bed and can be fed by the machine bed. The turret includes a turret base module, a turret disc, and multiple cutting tools. The turret disc is rotatably mounted on the turret base module and can rotate to change tools by the turret base module.

[0010] A loading device for applying a load to at least one of the cutting tools;

[0011] A support device, disposed on the bed, is used to provide a supporting force to the workpiece from below;

[0012] A counterweight device is provided on the bed of the machine tool. The counterweight device and the turret are used to act on the workpiece from opposite sides of the workpiece, and the counterweight device can provide a balancing force to the workpiece.

[0013] Optionally, in the above-mentioned surface strengthening treatment equipment, the tower base module is provided with a proximity sensor for detecting the distance between the cutting tool and the workpiece;

[0014] And / or, the cutting tool is provided with a tension / compression sensor for detecting the load applied to the cutting tool.

[0015] Optionally, in the above-mentioned surface strengthening treatment equipment, the support device includes:

[0016] The first mounting component is provided on the bed;

[0017] A hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the first mounting component;

[0018] A support member is located at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] Optionally, the surface strengthening treatment equipment described above includes at least two of the aforementioned support devices, which are symmetrically arranged about the rotation center of the bed and obliquely below the workpiece.

[0020] Optionally, in the above-mentioned surface strengthening treatment equipment, the top-mounting device includes:

[0021] The second mounting component is provided on the bed;

[0022] A hydraulic center support is disposed on the second mounting member, the hydraulic center support including grippers capable of clamping the outer periphery of the workpiece.

[0023] Optionally, in the above-mentioned surface strengthening treatment equipment, the loading device includes a hydraulic device, and the turret module includes a turret base and a spindle rotatably disposed on the turret base, the rotation of the spindle can drive the turret disk to rotate;

[0024] The turret disc is provided with a turret hydraulic chamber and a turret hydraulic channel corresponding to at least one of the cutting tools. The turret hydraulic chamber is connected to the corresponding turret hydraulic chamber. The tail end of the cutting tool is located in the turret hydraulic chamber. The turret base is provided with a turret base hydraulic channel for connecting to the hydraulic device. The mandrel is provided with a mandrel hydraulic channel corresponding to the turret hydraulic channel.

[0025] The hydraulic chamber of the cutter head corresponding to the tool in the working position can be connected to the hydraulic channel of the tower base through the corresponding hydraulic channel of the cutter head and the corresponding hydraulic channel of the mandrel.

[0026] Optionally, in the above-mentioned surface strengthening treatment equipment, the turret is provided with a plurality of turret hydraulic chambers, and the turret hydraulic chambers corresponding to each of the cutters that leave the working position are disconnected from the hydraulic channel of the turret base.

[0027] Optionally, the surface strengthening treatment equipment described above also includes a control system, which is connected to the hydraulic device and the bed respectively, to control the bed to drive the turret to feed and to control the output pressure of the hydraulic device to control the load applied to the tool.

[0028] Optionally, the surface strengthening treatment equipment described above also includes a cooling pipeline for conveying a cooling medium. The cooling pipeline has a medium outlet located above the workpiece and close to the turret.

[0029] Optionally, in the above-mentioned surface strengthening treatment equipment, the bed is a horizontal bed.

[0030] The surface strengthening treatment equipment provided by this utility model includes a bed, a turret, a loading device, a support device, and a counterweight device. The bed is used to clamp the workpiece; the turret is mounted on the bed and can be fed by the bed; the turret includes a turret base module, a turret disc, and multiple cutting tools; the turret disc is rotatably mounted on the turret base module and can rotate to change tools by the turret base module; the loading device is used to apply a load to at least one cutting tool; the support device is mounted on the bed and provides support force to the workpiece from below; the counterweight device is mounted on the bed, and the counterweight device and the turret act on the workpiece from opposite sides, with the counterweight device providing a balancing force to the workpiece.

[0031] The surface strengthening equipment provided by this invention enables cutting of workpieces by feeding the cutting tool via the machine bed. Furthermore, when surface strengthening is required, the corresponding cutting tool can be changed to the working position, and a load is applied to the tool via a loading device. This allows the tool to apply load to the workpiece. Simultaneously, the auxiliary support of the workpiece by the support device effectively prevents bending, deformation, or displacement of the workpiece due to gravity or external forces during machining. The balancing force of the top device reduces the net force on the workpiece to near zero, thereby reducing workpiece deformation and effectively reducing vibration in the machining area. This reduced vibration helps improve turning accuracy and optimizes the uniformity of the surface strengthening layer. Therefore, this surface strengthening equipment can strengthen the workpiece surface to form a gradient nanolayer.

[0032] In summary, this surface strengthening equipment can effectively strengthen the surface of roller products. By using a loading device to apply load to the cutting tool, it can effectively, stably, and controllably form a gradient nanostructure on the workpiece surface, significantly improving the workpiece's wear resistance and fatigue resistance. This provides a stable, reliable, and highly efficient processing method for surface strengthening of roller workpieces, filling a gap in traditional machine tools. Simultaneously, the equipment also has turning capabilities, allowing two processing steps to be completed on a single machine, simplifying the production process, improving processing efficiency, and avoiding process conversions between multiple machines. Furthermore, surface strengthening and turning can be performed simultaneously, ensuring processing accuracy and surface quality. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the surface strengthening treatment device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 Another perspective schematic diagram of the surface strengthening treatment equipment;

[0036] Figure 3 A top view of the surface strengthening treatment equipment;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the turret, the counter-mounting device, the support device, and the workpiece.

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A top-down view;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A side view diagram;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the turret structure;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a Dota 2 turret.

[0042] Figure label:

[0043] 10-Workpiece;

[0044] 1-Bed; 2-Turret; 3-Support device; 4-Alignment device; 5-Loading device; 6-Proximity sensor; 7-Tension / compression sensor; 8-Control system; 9-Cooling piping;

[0045] 11-Chuck; 12-Tailstock;

[0046] 21-Turret base module; 22-Turret plate; 23-Tools;

[0047] 211-Turret mount; 212-Mandrel; 213-Drive component;

[0048] 2111-Tower base hydraulic passage; 2112-Tower base opening; 2113-Oil inlet / outlet;

[0049] 2121 - Hydraulic channel for the spindle; 2122 - First connecting port; 2123 - Second connecting port;

[0050] 221-Cutter head hydraulic chamber; 222-Cutter head hydraulic channel; 223-Cutter head opening; 2211-Rod-type chamber; 2212-Rodless chamber; 224-Reset elastic element;

[0051] 231-Piston rod; 232-Cutter head.

[0052] 31-First mounting component; 32-Hydraulic cylinder; 33-Support component;

[0053] 41-Second mounting component; 42-Hydraulic center frame; 421-Gripper;

[0054] 91 - Medium outlet. Detailed Implementation

[0055] This utility model discloses a surface strengthening treatment device to improve the surface strengthening effect of roller-type workpieces.

[0056] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0057] The surface strengthening equipment provided in this application is applicable to, but not limited to, surface strengthening of roller-type workpieces. This equipment enables the formation of a controllable and effective gradient nanostructure on the surface of roller-type products, and can be widely used in machinery manufacturing, metallurgy, automotive, and other fields. Compared to traditional surface strengthening treatments for roller-type products, this application utilizes a deep rolling process to provide a surface strengthening equipment that can be used before precision turning and grinding of workpieces to form an outer surface gradient nanolayer.

[0058] This surface strengthening equipment can load a cutting tool onto a workpiece, causing the workpiece to form a gradient nanolayer on its outer surface under load. Compared to traditional surface strengthening processes, the gradient nanolayer offers several advantages. First, the gradient nanolayer forms a gradually changing hardness layer on the metal surface, avoiding the brittleness problem caused by excessive hardness. Second, unlike traditional heat treatment methods where the hardened layer has a relatively uniform hardness, the gradient nanostructure possesses a gradual transition in hardness, allowing the surface hardness to gradually transition to the matrix material, reducing stress concentration and cracking risks caused by hardness differences.

[0059] Secondly, since the nanostructures formed on the metal surface have excellent mechanical properties, gradient nanostructuring can significantly improve the wear resistance and fatigue resistance of the surface, making it particularly suitable for long-term high-stress and high-wear application environments.

[0060] Furthermore, gradient nano-sizing does not involve the removal of the substrate material. Compared with traditional grinding and polishing methods, it results in less material waste and effectively preserves the overall structure and performance of the workpiece.

[0061] In addition, since nanostructures are formed only on the surface without changing the overall composition and morphology of the material, gradient nanostructuring can retain more matrix material, avoid material consumption in traditional heat treatment and coating technologies, and improve material utilization.

[0062] Furthermore, this surface strengthening equipment can achieve controllable changes in the depth and hardness of gradient nanolayers on the surface through precise process control, in order to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0063] The following embodiments mainly describe the structure of the surface strengthening treatment equipment.

[0064] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 1-6The surface strengthening treatment equipment provided by this utility model includes a bed 1, a turret 2, a support device 3, a top-mounting device 4, and a loading device 5. The bed 1 serves as the foundation of the equipment, providing stable support for the entire processing system. The bed 1 can clamp a workpiece 10, and its specific clamping method can refer to the structure of a conventional machine tool. The bed 1 can drive the turret 2 to feed, i.e., drive the cutting tool 23 to feed. For example, the bed 1 can drive the cutting tool 23 to move along the X-axis and Z-axis directions respectively, where the X-axis and Z-axis directions are perpendicular. The X-axis direction can specifically be the direction closer to or farther from the workpiece 10, and the Z-axis direction can be the axial direction of the workpiece 10. Specifically, the bed 1 includes a support plate and a motion platform for driving the support plate to move along the X-axis and Z-axis directions respectively, and its specific structure can refer to the structure of a conventional bed 1. The turret 2 is mounted on the support plate to move with it.

[0065] The turret 2 includes a turret base module 21, a turret disc 22, and multiple cutting tools 23. The turret disc 22 is rotatably mounted on the turret base module 21 and can rotate to change tools under the drive of the turret base module 21. The turret base module 21 is the main support structure of the turret 2, and it is mounted on the bed 1 to move under the drive of the bed 1. For example, the turret base module 21 is fastened to the support plate of the bed 1 by bolts. The turret disc 22 is mounted on the turret base module 21, and multiple cutting tools 23 are respectively mounted on the turret disc 22. The turret base module 21 can drive the turret disc 22 to rotate for tool changing, that is, rotating different cutting tools 23 to the working position. A loading device 5 is provided corresponding to at least one cutting tool 23, and the loading device 5 is used to apply a load to the cutting tool 23. It is understood that the type of loading device 5 can be set as needed, as long as it can output a loading force, such as using a motor drive, cylinder drive, hydraulic motor drive, etc.

[0066] The support device 3 is located on the bed 1, specifically on the aforementioned support plate. The support device 3 provides support to the workpiece 10 from below. It is understood that "below" here includes both directly below and diagonally below the workpiece 10. The support device 3 ensures the stability of the workpiece 10 during processing, preventing deformation or vibration. By reducing errors caused by unstable factors during processing, it improves the accuracy and quality of the final processed product. It is particularly suitable for long roller-type workpieces 10, as the additional support outside the bed 1 prevents bending or twisting of the workpiece 10 during processing.

[0067] The adjusting device 4 is located on the bed 1, specifically on the aforementioned support plate. The adjusting device 4 and the turret 2 act on the workpiece 10 from opposite sides, and the adjusting device 4 provides a balancing force to the workpiece 10. It is understood that the opposing arrangement of the adjusting device 4 and the turret 2 refers to their positions relative to the workpiece 10, located on opposite sides of the workpiece 10, thus enabling the application of force to the workpiece 10 from both sides. Specifically, the tool 23 applies a load to the workpiece 10 to achieve surface strengthening. The adjusting device 4 provides a balancing force to the workpiece 10, ensuring a balanced force on the workpiece 10, guaranteeing a reliable clamping state, and thus ensuring the surface strengthening effect. With the adjusting device 4, this surface strengthening equipment is particularly suitable for applying large radial loads to the workpiece 10, i.e., when the loading device 5 outputs a large load. By cooperating with the adjusting device 4, the large load of the loading device 5 can be balanced. For example, the supporting force of the adjusting device 4 is dynamically adjusted according to the loading force of the loading device 5.

[0068] The surface strengthening treatment equipment provided by this utility model can perform cutting processing on the workpiece 10 by feeding the tool 23 driven by the bed 1. In addition, when surface strengthening treatment of the workpiece 10 is required, the corresponding tool 23 can be changed to the working position, and a load can be applied to the tool 23 by the loading device 5. Thus, the tool 23 can apply a load to the workpiece 10. At the same time, the auxiliary support of the support device 3 for the workpiece 10 can effectively prevent the workpiece 10 from bending or deforming due to gravity and other reasons. Furthermore, the balancing force of the top device 4 can make the net force on the workpiece 10 approach zero, thereby reducing the deformation of the workpiece 10 and effectively reducing the vibration of the processing area. Therefore, the surface strengthening treatment of the workpiece 10 can be achieved to form a gradient nanolayer on the surface of the workpiece 10.

[0069] In summary, this surface strengthening equipment can effectively strengthen the surface of roller-type products. By using the loading device 5 to load the cutting tool 23, a gradient nanostructure can be effectively, stably, and controllably formed on the surface of the workpiece 10, significantly improving the wear resistance and fatigue resistance of the workpiece 10. This provides a stable, reliable, and highly efficient processing device for surface strengthening of roller-type workpieces 10, filling a gap in traditional machine tools. Simultaneously, this equipment also has turning capabilities, allowing two processing steps to be completed on the same machine, simplifying the production process, improving processing efficiency, and avoiding process conversions between multiple machines.

[0070] For example, the bed 1 includes a chuck 11 and a tailstock 12, which together can clamp the rolls using a two-clamp and one-top method.

[0071] In some embodiments, the turret module 21 is equipped with a proximity sensor 6 for detecting the distance between the tool 23 and the workpiece 10. The proximity sensor 6 can monitor the distance between the tool 23 and the surface of the workpiece 10, thereby preventing tool collision and realizing automated production. Specifically, the proximity sensor 6 can be fixed to the turret base 211 of the turret 2 via a sensor mounting plate. During machining, after the turret disc 22 rotates and the tool changes, the control plate feeds along the X-axis. When the proximity sensor 6 detects that the distance between the tool 23 and the surface of the workpiece 10 reaches a preset value, the plate stops feeding in the X-axis direction and waits for the next action.

[0072] In some embodiments, the cutting tool 23 is provided with a tension / compression sensor 7 for detecting the load applied to the cutting tool 23. The tension / compression sensor 7 can detect the load applied to the cutting tool 23, so as to facilitate precise control of the load applied to the cutting tool 23.

[0073] For example, a proximity sensor 6 is provided on the turret 211, and a tension / compression sensor 7 is provided on the tool 23. During machining, the support plate drives the tool 23 to feed along the X-axis. When the proximity sensor 6 detects that the distance between the tool 23 and the surface of the workpiece 10 is 5mm, the turret 2 slowly feeds along the X-axis through the support plate of the bed 1 until the tension / compression sensor 7 detects a pressure value, indicating that the tool 23 is in contact with the surface of the workpiece 10, and the feed in the X-axis direction stops.

[0074] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3-6 The support device 3 includes a first mounting member 31, a hydraulic cylinder 32, and a support member 33. The first mounting member 31 is disposed on the bed 1, exemplarily mounted on a support plate of the bed 1. Specifically, the first mounting member 31 can be a first mounting plate. The hydraulic cylinder 32 is disposed on the first mounting member 31, and the support member 33 is disposed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 32. Specifically, the support member 33 can be a support block. In this embodiment, the power source of the support device 3 is hydraulically driven, facilitating precise control and improving machining accuracy. Furthermore, it can automatically adjust the support force according to the size and shape of the workpiece 10, ensuring that the support force on the workpiece 10 remains at its optimal state during machining. Hydraulic adjustment also improves the flexibility and stability of the support device 3.

[0075] In some embodiments, the support member 33 is detachably disposed at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 32. This allows the support member 33 to be easily detached from the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 32. Therefore, different shapes or sizes of support members 33 can be replaced according to workpieces 10 of different sizes and shapes, achieving flexible adjustment to adapt to different processing requirements.

[0076] In some embodiments, the surface strengthening treatment apparatus includes at least two support devices 3, which are symmetrically arranged about the rotation center of the bed 1 and obliquely below the workpiece 10. This arrangement provides support for the workpiece 10 from at least both obliquely below sides, resulting in better multi-directional support and facilitating the layout of the support devices 3 on the bed 1. For example, the two support devices 3 are respectively located on the support plate and are symmetrical about the rotation center of the bed 1.

[0077] In some embodiments, the top-mounting device 4 includes a second mounting member 41 and a hydraulic center support 42. The second mounting member 41 is disposed on the bed 1. The hydraulic center support 42 is disposed on the second mounting member 41 and includes grippers 421 capable of clamping the outer periphery of the workpiece 10. Exemplarily, the hydraulic center support 42 is mounted on a support plate and is coaxially mounted with the cutting head 232 of the tool 23. Thus, the supporting force of the hydraulic center support 42 is coaxial with the loading force of the tool 23 during machining, minimizing the net force on the workpiece 10, reducing deformation during machining, and improving the stress condition of the workpiece 10. In this embodiment, the top-mounting device 4 is hydraulically driven. By controlling the hydraulic center support 42, the workpiece 10 is clamped, reducing vibration and deformation that may occur during machining, thereby ensuring machining quality.

[0078] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 7-8 The loading device 5 includes a hydraulic device, and the turret module 21 includes a turret base 211 and a spindle 212 rotatably disposed on the turret base 211. Exemplarily, the spindle 212 is disposed on the turret base 211 and is capable of rotating about an axis under the drive of the drive component 213. The spindle 212 is the component used to drive the turret disc 22 to rotate, and it is drivenly connected to the drive component 213. It is understood that the turret module 21 may not include the drive component 213, in which case the spindle 212 rotates with the external drive component 213. In some embodiments, the turret module 21 may also include the drive component 213, and the spindle 212 is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the drive component 213 through a transmission assembly to rotate under the drive of the drive component 213.

[0079] In some embodiments, the turret 22 is provided with a turret hydraulic cavity 221 and a turret hydraulic channel 222 corresponding to at least one tool 23. The tail end of the tool 23 is located in the turret hydraulic cavity 221, and the turret hydraulic channel 222 communicates with the corresponding turret hydraulic cavity 221. That is, at least one of the multiple tools 23 can be hydraulically loaded. The turret base 211 is provided with a turret base hydraulic channel 2111 for communicating with the hydraulic device. The spindle 212 is provided with a spindle hydraulic channel 2121 corresponding to the turret hydraulic channel 222. When the spindle 212 drives the turret 22 to rotate until the tool 23 corresponding to the turret hydraulic cavity 221 is in the working position, the turret hydraulic cavity 221 corresponding to the tool 23 that has been changed to the working position can communicate with the turret base hydraulic channel 2111 through the corresponding turret hydraulic cavity 221 and the corresponding spindle hydraulic channel 2121. The turret base 211 is a component that does not need to rotate, and the turret base hydraulic channel 2111 is provided on it to facilitate connection with the hydraulic device. For example, the turret base 211 is provided with an oil inlet / outlet port 2113 communicating with the turret base hydraulic channel 2111 for connection to the hydraulic device. The spindle 212 is provided with a spindle hydraulic channel 2121, communicating with both the turret base hydraulic channel 2111 and the cutter head hydraulic channel 222. The rotation of the spindle 212, driven by the drive component 213, causes the turret 22 to rotate and change tools. When the tool 23 in the corresponding cutter head hydraulic cavity 221 is changed to the working position, the cutter head hydraulic cavity 221 communicates with the corresponding spindle hydraulic channel 2121, which in turn communicates with the turret base hydraulic channel 2111. Thus, the hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device can enter the cutter head hydraulic cavity 221 through the turret base hydraulic channel 2111, the spindle hydraulic channel 2121, and the cutter head hydraulic cavity 221, thereby loading the tool 23 within the cutter head hydraulic cavity 221. In this embodiment, an integrated design is adopted, tightly combining the hydraulic channels with the turret 2 structure. This eliminates complex external oil circuits and avoids pipe entanglement, simplifying equipment installation and maintenance, improving the stability and reliability of the turret 2, and reducing the failure rate. In other embodiments, the cutter head hydraulic chamber 221 can also be connected to a hydraulic device via hydraulic pipelines, enabling hydraulic loading of the cutter 23.

[0080] In some embodiments, the turret 22 is provided with multiple cutterhead hydraulic chambers 221. The cutterhead hydraulic chambers 221 corresponding to each cutter 23 that leaves the working position after tool changing are disconnected from the turret hydraulic channel 2111. The turret 22 is provided with multiple cutters 23. Depending on the needs, a cutterhead hydraulic chamber 221 can be provided for one cutter 23, or multiple cutterhead hydraulic chambers 221 can be provided for each cutter 23 to achieve hydraulic loading of multiple cutters 23. It should be noted that "multiple" in this application refers to two or more. When multiple cutterhead hydraulic chambers 221 are provided for each cutter 23, when one cutter 23 rotates to the working position, the cutterhead hydraulic chamber 221 corresponding to that cutter 23 is connected to the turret hydraulic channel 2111 through the corresponding cutterhead hydraulic chamber 221 and the corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel 2121. The hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device can enter the corresponding cutterhead hydraulic chamber 221 through the turret hydraulic channel 2111, the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 corresponding to the cutter 23, and the cutterhead hydraulic chamber 221 to achieve loading of that cutter 23. At this time, the hydraulic chamber 221 of the cutter head corresponding to each cutter 23 in the non-working position is disconnected from the hydraulic channel 2111 of the tower base, thereby avoiding loading on the non-working cutter 23 and thus avoiding unnecessary power loss.

[0081] In some embodiments, the mandrel 212 passes through the turret disc 22 and the turret base 211 to mate with them. The mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 has a first communication port 2122 and a second communication port 2123 extending to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 212. The cutter disc hydraulic channel 222 extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret disc 22 and forms a cutter disc opening 223. The turret base hydraulic channel 2111 extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret base 211 and forms a turret base opening 2112. The first communication port 2122 can communicate with the cutter disc opening 223, and the second communication port 2123 corresponding to the tool 23 in the working position can communicate with the turret base opening 2112. Exemplarily, the turret disc 22 and the mandrel 212 are in clearance fit. A first communication port 2122 and a second communication port 2123 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 212 to mate with the turret disc 22 and the turret base 211, respectively, to facilitate communication with the hydraulic chamber 221 of the cutter disc and the hydraulic channel 2111 of the turret base. When the turret 2 is working, the first communication port 2122 is aligned with the cutter disc opening 223 of the hydraulic channel 222 of the cutter disc, and a sealing ring can be provided between them for sealing, such as a sealing ring on the outside of the first communication port 2122. Additionally, when the turret 2 is working, the second communication port 2123 of the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 corresponding to the tool 23 in the working position is aligned with the turret base opening 2112, and a sealing ring can be provided between them for sealing, such as a sealing ring on the outside of the second communication port 2123. That is, when the tool 23 is changed to the working position, its corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 is simultaneously connected to the hydraulic channel 2111 of the turret base and the hydraulic channel 222 of the cutter disc, thereby realizing the loading of the tool 23 in the working position. With the above setup, a hydraulic circuit is arranged inside the turret 2 to achieve precise loading of the tool 23. Furthermore, the hydraulic circuit layout is reasonable, the components of the turret 2 fit well, and assembly is convenient.

[0082] For example, each of the multiple cutting tools 23 is provided with a cutting head hydraulic cavity 221. Each mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 is provided with a first connecting port 2122 and a second connecting port 2123 extending to the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 212. Each cutting head hydraulic channel 222 extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret 22 and forms a cutting head opening 223. The turret base hydraulic channel 2111 extends to the inner peripheral surface of the turret base 211 and forms a turret base opening 2112. Each first connecting port 2122 can communicate with the corresponding cutting head opening 223. The second connecting port 2123 of the cutting tool 23 located in the working position can communicate with the turret base opening 2112. The remaining second connecting ports 2123 are offset from the turret base opening 2112 to disconnect. When the turret 2 is working, the cutting head openings 223 of the cutting head hydraulic channels 222 connected to each cutting head hydraulic cavity 221 are respectively connected with the first connecting ports 2122 of the corresponding mandrel hydraulic channels 2121. The second connecting port 2123 of the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 corresponding to the tool 23 located in the working position is connected to the tower base opening 2112, while the other second connecting ports 2123 are offset from the tower base opening 2112 to disconnect. That is, when the tool 23 is changed to the working position, its corresponding mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 is simultaneously connected to the tower base hydraulic channel 2111 to realize the loading of the tool 23 in the working position, while the mandrel hydraulic channels 2121 corresponding to the other tools 23 are offset from the tower base hydraulic channel 2111 to disconnect.

[0083] For ease of explanation, taking two cutting tools 23 as an example, the two cutting tools 23 are respectively referred to as the first cutting tool and the second cutting tool. The hydraulic cavity 221 of the cutting tool's cutter head is referred to as the first cutting tool's hydraulic cavity, and the hydraulic cavity 221 of the second cutting tool's cutter head is referred to as the second cutting tool's hydraulic cavity. The corresponding hydraulic channels 222 of the cutting tool's cutter head are referred to as the first cutting tool's hydraulic channel and the second cutting tool's hydraulic channel, and the corresponding hydraulic channels 2121 of the mandrel are referred to as the first mandrel hydraulic channel and the second mandrel hydraulic channel, respectively. When the first cutting tool is in the working position, the first cutting tool's hydraulic channel is connected to the first mandrel hydraulic channel, and the first mandrel hydraulic channel is connected to the tower hydraulic channel 2111, thus connecting the first cutting tool's hydraulic cavity to the tower hydraulic channel 2111. At this time, the second cutting tool's hydraulic channel is connected to the second mandrel hydraulic channel, but the second mandrel hydraulic channel is disconnected from the tower hydraulic channel 2111, thus disconnecting the second cutting tool's hydraulic cavity from the tower hydraulic channel 2111.

[0084] In the above embodiments, the connection and disconnection of the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 and the tower hydraulic channel 2111 are achieved through the positional relationship between the second connecting port 2123 and the tower base opening 2112. The structure is simple, and the physical switching of the on / off state can be automatically achieved with the rotation of the mandrel 212, which is stable and reliable. In other embodiments, a solenoid valve can also be installed in the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121, such as in the first connecting port 2122 or the second connecting port 2123, and the connection and disconnection of the cutter head hydraulic channel 222 and the tower base hydraulic channel 2111 can be controlled by the opening and closing of the solenoid valve.

[0085] For example, the hydraulic channel 2111 of the turret base extends to the outer peripheral surface of the turret base 211 and forms an oil inlet / outlet 2113, which connects to the hydraulic device, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the hydraulic chamber 221 of the tool 23 to be worked in the turret disc 22 through the internal oil circuit. If the tool 23 needs to be unloaded, the hydraulic medium can be depressurized through the oil inlet / outlet 2113.

[0086] In some embodiments, the cutting tool 23 includes a piston rod 231 and a cutting head 232. The first end of the piston rod 231 is movably disposed within the hydraulic chamber 221 of the cutting head, and the second end extends outside the hydraulic chamber 221. The cutting head 232 is disposed at the second end. The piston rod 231 divides the hydraulic chamber 221 of the cutting head into a rod-side chamber 2211 and a rodless chamber 2212, with the rodless chamber 2212 communicating with the hydraulic channel 222 of the cutting head. It is understood that the first and second ends of the piston rod 231 are their opposite ends. The specific structure of the cutting head 232 can be referred to in the context of a conventional cutting head 232 structure, and will not be elaborated here. By setting a piston rod 231 and placing it in the cutter head hydraulic chamber 221, the piston rod 231 and the turret 22 form a sealed cavity. The second end of the piston rod 231 divides the cutter head hydraulic chamber 221 into a rod chamber 2211 and a rodless chamber 2212. When the cutter 23 is changed to the working position, its corresponding rodless chamber 2212 is connected to the hydraulic device. For example, the rodless chamber 2212 is connected to the hydraulic device through the cutter head hydraulic channel 222, the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121, and the turret hydraulic channel 2111. The hydraulic medium of the hydraulic device enters the rodless chamber 2212 and acts on the piston rod 231. The piston rod 231 then acts on the cutter head 232, thereby loading the cutter head 232. With the cutter 23 arranged as described above, it can better cooperate with the hydraulic device. And since the cutter head 232 cooperates with the turret 22 through the piston rod 231, a conventional cutter head 232 can be used and placed on the piston rod 231. For ease of assembly, for example, the turret disc 22 includes a turret disc 22 body and a cover plate that cooperates with it, forming a turret disc hydraulic cavity 221 between the two. The cover plate is fixed to the turret disc 22 body by bolts, and the piston rod 231 passes through the cover plate.

[0087] In some embodiments, a reset elastic element 224 is provided in the rod chamber 2211. The reset elastic element 224 is used to provide a retraction force to the piston rod 231 into the cutter head hydraulic chamber 221, that is, a force from the rod chamber 2211 to the rodless chamber 2212. By providing the reset elastic element 224, during loading, the piston rod 231 moves under the push of the hydraulic medium and acts on the reset elastic element 224, causing it to deform. Then, after the cutter 23 is unloaded, if the pressure is released through the inlet and outlet ports 2113 of the tower hydraulic channel 2111, and the hydraulic medium in the rodless chamber 2212 is released through the mandrel hydraulic channel 2121 and the tower hydraulic channel 2111, the restoring force of the reset elastic element 224 can drive the piston rod 231 to reset. With the above configuration, the reset of the cutter 23 relies on the reset elastic element 224, the overall structure is simple, and the hydraulic circuit can be reduced. For example, the reset elastic element 224 is a compression spring, with its two ends abutting against the first end of the piston rod 231 and the wall surface of the turret plate 22, respectively. In other embodiments, the rod chamber 2211 can also be connected to a hydraulic device, and the loading and depressurization of the tool 23 can be achieved by controlling the pressurization and depressurization of the rod chamber 2211 and the rodless chamber 2212.

[0088] In some embodiments, the surface strengthening treatment equipment includes a control system 8 connected to a hydraulic device and a bed 1, respectively, to control the bed 1 to drive the turret 2 to feed and to control the output pressure of the hydraulic device to control the load applied to the tool 23. The control system 8 enables automatic control of the bed 1 driving the tool 23 to feed and the loading of the tool 23, improving the automation level of the equipment.

[0089] In some embodiments, the control system 8 includes a receiving module and a controller. The receiving module receives basic information about the workpiece 10 input by the user, such as size, material, matrix hardness, target hardness, and hardness layer depth. The control module controls the hydraulic device and bed 1 to perform surface strengthening treatment on the workpiece 10 based on the basic information about the workpiece 10 received by the receiving module, using parameters such as set loading force, spindle speed, and Z-axis speed. When the control system 8 controls the turret 2, during machining, it first controls the rotation of the turret disk 22 and tool change, then controls the feed of the turret 2 based on the position monitored by the proximity sensor 6, and then controls the loading of the tool 23. When the tool is loaded to a set state, surface strengthening treatment is performed on the workpiece 10.

[0090] In some embodiments, the control system 8 is connected to the tension / compression sensor 7 and is used to control the output of the hydraulic device based on the detection value of the tension / compression sensor 7. That is, the tension / compression sensor 7 can monitor and provide feedback on the loading force of the tool 23 in real time, cooperating with the hydraulic system to achieve closed-loop control and ensure that the gradient nanolayer depth is controllable during the surface strengthening process. During processing, the control system 8 continuously monitors the applied loading force value and adjusts it in real time to ensure the quality of the surface strengthening layer. If the loading force is detected to be inconsistent with predetermined parameters, the control system 8 automatically adjusts the working state of the turret 2 to maintain the stability of the loading force.

[0091] In some embodiments, the control system 8 further includes a memory for storing key data from the processing, such as the detection results of the tension / compression sensors 7, to aid in process analysis and quality tracking. Additionally, the control system 8 can monitor the operating status of the equipment, automatically detect and alarm on abnormal conditions, and ensure safe operation.

[0092] In some embodiments, the control system 8 further includes a transceiver for enabling system communication and networking functions. For example, it supports remote control and diagnostics, and can share information with other production equipment to improve production efficiency.

[0093] In some embodiments, the surface strengthening treatment equipment further includes a cooling pipe 9 for conveying a cooling medium. The cooling pipe 9 has a medium outlet 91 located above the workpiece 10 and close to the turret 2. The cooling medium flowing out of the medium outlet 91 can be sprayed onto the workpiece 10. For example, the cooling medium is an anti-extrusion cooling lubricant. By introducing a cooling medium during the machining process, friction and temperature can be reduced. The anti-extrusion cooling lubricant can form a lubricating layer between the tool 23 and the workpiece 10, reducing friction and heat generated during machining, thereby effectively controlling temperature rise and preventing overheating and deformation of the workpiece 10 surface. Furthermore, overheating and deformation can be prevented. During high-load machining, the cooling medium helps to reduce the temperature of the workpiece 10 and the tool 23, preventing overheating that could lead to deformation of the workpiece 10 and a decrease in dimensional accuracy. Furthermore, machining accuracy is improved. By maintaining a stable temperature during machining, the temperature of the workpiece 10 surface and the turning area can be ensured to be uniform, reducing machining errors caused by thermal expansion and ensuring the uniformity of the surface strengthening layer. Furthermore, the tool life of the tool 23 is extended. The timely injection of cooling medium helps reduce the operating temperature of tool 23, decreases wear, and extends the service life of tool 23. Furthermore, it reduces thermal deformation and stress. The cooling medium can reduce thermal deformation and stress generated during machining, preventing material cracking or failure due to excessive local temperature differences.

[0094] In some embodiments, the bed 1 is a horizontal bed. The horizontal lathe design features a rational overall layout, facilitating efficient operation and maintenance.

[0095] The following is a specific processing example to illustrate this solution.

[0096] The roller-type workpiece 10 is clamped onto the chuck 11 and tailstock 12 of the equipment using a double-top, single-clamp method. The relevant information for the workpiece 10 is input into the control system 8, such as the material being bearing steel, the maximum rotation diameter being 400mm, the weight being 1500kg, and the processing area length being 1200mm. The supporting force of the support device 3 is set to 1400kg to 1600kg. The hydraulic load of the hydraulic center frame 42 is adjusted to 2.5 to 3.5MPa to ensure stable clamping of the workpiece 10 by the hydraulic center frame 42.

[0097] The turret 2 is fixed to the support plate of the bed 1. The control system 8 controls the support plate to feed along the Z-axis, positioning the tool 23 at the starting position of the machining area. The control system 8 also controls the support plate to feed along the X-axis. When the proximity sensor 6 detects that the distance between the tool 23 and the surface of the workpiece 10 is 5mm, the X-axis feed stops. The servo motor is then driven to complete the tool change. The hydraulic pressure in the turret 2 is adjusted to 8-10 MPa to slowly load the tool 23. At this point, the tool 23 begins to slowly contact the surface of the workpiece 10. The tension / compression sensor 7 reports a pressure of 500-600 kgf. The pressure in the hydraulic chamber 221 of the tool turret is further adjusted to 15-20 MPa, so that the tension / compression sensor 7 reports a pressure value of 800-1000 kgf, which is the preset loading force value for the tool 23.

[0098] After the loading force value of the tool 23 is adjusted, the control system 8 controls the pallet to feed 1200mm along the Z-axis, that is, the tool 23 starts to feed, and the machining length is 1200mm. At the same time, the equipment cooling system is turned on, so that the anti-extrusion cooling lubricating oil is sprayed evenly and smoothly from the medium outlet 91 of the cooling pipe 9 onto the surface of the machining area, ensuring the cooling and lubrication of the machining area.

[0099] During the machining process, the tension / compression sensor 7 detects that the actual loading force on the tool 23 is 700 kgf and transmits this monitoring signal to the control system 8. When the control system 8 determines that the loading force is greater than the preset pressure value, it automatically controls and adjusts the loading pressure of the turret disk 22 to 9 MPa, thereby automatically correcting the feed load of the tool 23 in the machining area.

[0100] After the tool 23 has fed 1200mm along the Z-axis of the equipment, stop feeding the tool 23 along the Z-axis. Unload the hydraulic chamber 221 of the tool disc with hydraulic pressure, and the tool 23 returns to its original position. At this point, the surface strengthening of the workpiece 10 is complete.

[0101] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0102] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A surface strengthening treatment device, characterized in that, include: Bed (1), used for clamping workpiece (10); The turret (2) is located on the bed (1) and can be fed by the bed (1). The turret (2) includes a turret base module (21), a turret plate (22) and multiple cutting tools (23). The turret plate (22) is rotatably located on the turret base module (21) and can rotate to change tools by the turret base module (21). Loading device (5) for applying load to at least one of the cutting tools (23); A support device (3) is provided on the bed (1) for providing a support force to the workpiece (10) from below; A counterweight device (4) is provided on the bed (1). The counterweight device (4) and the turret (2) are used to act on the workpiece (10) from opposite sides of the workpiece (10), and the counterweight device (4) can provide a balancing force to the workpiece (10).

2. The surface strengthening treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tower base module (21) is equipped with a proximity sensor (6) for detecting the distance between the cutting tool (23) and the workpiece (10). And / or, the cutting tool (23) is provided with a tension / compression sensor (7) for detecting the load applied to the cutting tool (23).

3. The surface strengthening treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support device (3) includes: The first mounting component (31) is provided on the bed (1); Hydraulic cylinder (32) is provided on the first mounting component (31); The support member (33) is located at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (32).

4. The surface strengthening treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, It includes at least two of the support devices (3), which are symmetrically located about the center of rotation of the bed (1) and obliquely below the workpiece (10).

5. The surface strengthening treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top-aligning device (4) includes: The second mounting component (41) is provided on the bed (1); A hydraulic center frame (42) is provided on the second mounting member (41), the hydraulic center frame (42) including grippers (421) capable of clamping the outer periphery of the workpiece (10).

6. The surface strengthening treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The loading device (5) includes a hydraulic device, and the tower base module (21) includes a turret base (211) and a spindle (212) rotatably disposed on the turret base (211). The rotation of the spindle (212) can drive the turret disk (22) to rotate. The turret (22) is provided with a turret hydraulic cavity (221) corresponding to at least one of the cutting tools (23) and a turret hydraulic channel (222) communicating with the turret hydraulic cavity (221). The turret hydraulic cavity (221) is connected to the corresponding turret hydraulic cavity (221). The tail end of the cutting tool (23) is located in the turret hydraulic cavity (221). The turret base (211) is provided with a turret base hydraulic channel (2111) for communicating with the hydraulic device. The spindle (212) is provided with a spindle hydraulic channel (2121) corresponding to the turret hydraulic channel (222). The hydraulic chamber (221) of the cutter head corresponding to the working position of the tool (23) can be connected to the hydraulic channel (2111) of the tower base through the corresponding hydraulic channel (222) of the cutter head and the corresponding hydraulic channel (2121) of the spindle.

7. The surface strengthening treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The turret (22) is provided with multiple turret hydraulic chambers (221). The turret hydraulic chambers (221) corresponding to each of the cutting tools (23) that leave the working position after tool change are disconnected from the turret base hydraulic channel (2111).

8. The surface strengthening treatment equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a control system (8), which is connected to the hydraulic device and the bed (1) respectively, to control the bed (1) to drive the turret (2) to feed and to control the output pressure of the hydraulic device to control the load applied to the tool (23).

9. The surface strengthening treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a cooling pipe (9) for conveying a cooling medium, the cooling pipe (9) having a medium outlet (91) located above the workpiece (10) and close to the turret (2).

10. The surface strengthening treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The bed frame (1) is a horizontal bed frame.

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