Negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial shock-resistant composite structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a negative Poisson's ratio and multistable superstructure material anti-impact composite structure which comprises an anti-bullet ceramic layer, a PE plate layer, a negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer and a multistable superstructure material layer, and through reasonable layer arrangement and material selection, the threat of explosion impact and high-speed penetration objects is effectively dealt with. The anti-bullet ceramic layer is used for consuming kinetic energy of a high-speed object, and the PE plate layer provides support through toughness and further absorbs energy. The negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer and the multistable superstructure material layer utilize the good shock resistance and energy absorption performance to slow down shock waves and reduce the risk of structure damage. And the multistable superstructure material layer has the characteristics of elastic deformation and reusability, so that the service life of the protective equipment is prolonged. The multi-stable-state superstructure material layer is connected through bolts and buckles, and disassembly and recovery are convenient. The structure adopts a lightweight design, is suitable for manufacturing protection facilities such as walls and armors, and has excellent protection performance and operability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of protective technology design, and specifically relates to a negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure, which can effectively resist penetration and attenuate high-speed munitions and detonation shock waves. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of drones and various missiles on the battlefield, the demand for protection of armor and fortifications has become increasingly stringent. Integrating structural and functional design can significantly reduce damage to equipment from explosive shocks, thus providing effective protection for vehicles, fortifications, and personnel. Simultaneously, by rationally combining and arranging materials according to their properties and protective functions, the destructive force of fragment penetration and shock waves on internal structures can be minimized. Ceramic materials, due to their superior hardness, can effectively resist the intrusion of fragments and projectiles, rapidly absorbing their mass and kinetic energy. PE sheets, with their excellent toughness and fracture resistance, exhibit significant protective performance against low-velocity fragments and projectiles. Furthermore, porous materials with a negative Poisson's ratio can form indentation resistance under pressure, causing surrounding materials to deform towards the compression zone, thereby enhancing their penetration resistance and energy absorption capacity. Multistable structures, with their unique arched design, can provide a certain degree of support stiffness. When encountering impact stress, this structure can deform rapidly to absorb energy; under low-stress wave transmission conditions, it can maintain elastic deformation and, to some extent, recover its original shape, possessing the advantage of reusability. Meanwhile, the negative Poisson's ratio and multi-stable porous structure design effectively cut off the propagation path of stress waves, dispersing them to a larger area, thereby reducing the damage to the internal structure caused by the peak value of the shock wave.

[0003] Existing technology patents, such as patent documents with application numbers CN201911214572.9 and CN201922125677.9, employ the method of enhancing the protective effect by utilizing the mutual coordination between layers; for example, patent application document with application number CN201921834773.4 provides a three-dimensional structural design for explosion-proof and fragmentation-proof based on protective plates. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an impact-resistant structure composed of a negative Poisson's ratio and a multistable metamaterial, aiming to effectively improve the impact resistance of protective equipment against external threats such as explosive impacts, fragments, and high-speed projectiles. This composite structure can be widely used in military protective equipment, safety protection in explosive environments, and other fields requiring impact protection. Through the composite design of multiple materials, a highly efficient, locally reusable, lightweight impact-resistant protective structure with excellent energy absorption properties is provided, minimizing the damage to the structure from external impacts.

[0005] This utility model provides a negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure, which mainly includes the following technical solutions:

[0006] An impact-resistant composite structure of negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterials comprises, from top to bottom, an impact-resistant ceramic layer, a PE board, a negative Poisson's ratio metamaterial layer, and a multistable metamaterial layer. The ceramic layer is connected to the lower PE board by adhesive bonding. The PE board is connected to the third negative Poisson's ratio metamaterial layer by adhesive bonding. The negative Poisson's ratio metamaterial layer is connected to the bottom multistable metamaterial layer by bolts or clips.

[0007] Furthermore, the material used for the ballistic ceramic layer is alumina or boron carbide.

[0008] Furthermore, the materials of the negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer and the multistable superstructure material layer are steel or titanium alloy.

[0009] Furthermore, both the negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer and the multistable superstructure material layer are porous structures.

[0010] Furthermore, the multistable superstructure material layer exhibits multistable characteristics, which allows it to maintain a certain degree of elasticity after being subjected to explosive impact, thus possessing a certain degree of reusability.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0012] 1. The composite structure of this utility model significantly improves the impact resistance and protection effect by optimizing the material arrangement order and combining the characteristics of different layers of materials, especially the protection capability against threats such as high-speed projectiles and explosive impacts.

[0013] 2. By utilizing the properties of negative Poisson's ratio materials, the lightweight effect of the structure is enhanced, and the energy absorption and shock absorption performance is effectively improved, thus reducing the overall weight.

[0014] 3. The design of multi-stable metamaterials enables the structure to be reusable and maintain excellent protective performance in multiple impact events.

[0015] 4. The balance between protective effect and mass ratio is fully considered, which improves the overall performance while reducing the weight of materials and structure.

[0016] 5. This utility model provides an advanced and efficient composite impact-resistant structure, suitable for protective applications in various high-risk environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the present utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1 - Ceramic layer; 2 - PE board; 3 - Negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer; 4 - Multistable superstructure material layer; Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] This invention provides a multi-layered impact-resistant protective structure that achieves excellent impact resistance and energy dissipation capacity through the scientific combination of different material layers. The structure includes a ballistic ceramic layer 1, a PE board layer 2, a negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer 3, and a multistable superstructure material layer 4, with the structural layers arranged from top to bottom.

[0023] The uppermost ballistic ceramic layer 1 is made of ballistic ceramic materials with high hardness and modulus, such as boron carbide, silicon nitride, or alumina. This layer effectively resists the threat of high-speed penetrating objects and explosive fragments; its high hardness rapidly dissipates the kinetic energy of explosive threats and reduces their mass. Below the ballistic ceramic layer 1 is a tough PE board 2, bonded to the ceramic layer with high-strength adhesive. This layer not only provides support but also dissipates energy through deformation during impact, thus constraining and protecting the ceramic layer, while enhancing the protective effect and improving the structure's impact resistance. Below the PE board layer 2 is a negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer 3, composed of porous material cells, possessing indentation resistance and significant energy absorption capacity. Through its unique stress dissipation mechanism, this layer effectively slows down shock wave propagation and reduces structural damage. Furthermore, this layer can be layered in multiple layers according to protection requirements to further enhance impact resistance. The bottom layer is a multistable superstructure material layer 4. This layer utilizes multistable characteristics, exhibiting only elastic deformation under weak impacts to achieve shock absorption and energy dissipation, while also possessing a degree of reusability. The multistable superstructure material layer 4 is connected to the negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer 3 via bolts or clips. This bolted or clip-connected method enhances the overall structural stability and facilitates disassembly, assembly, and recycling. The overall structure employs a block design, facilitating on-site assembly into large-area protective panels. In special environments, it can be encapsulated with thin metal sheets or plastic to prevent corrosion. This structure integrates lightweight technology, optimizing both material properties and structural layout, effectively reducing overall weight while enhancing impact resistance. It is suitable for protective structures such as walls and armor, demonstrating excellent protective effects and practicality, especially in scenarios involving explosive impacts and high-speed fragmentation threats.

Claims

1. A negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure, characterized in that, From top to bottom, the structure includes a ballistic ceramic layer (1), a PE board (2), a negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer (3), and a multistable superstructure material layer (4). The ceramic layer (1) is connected to the lower PE board (2) by adhesive bonding. The PE board (2) is connected to the third layer of negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer (3) by adhesive bonding. The negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer (3) is connected to the bottom multistable superstructure material layer (4) by bolts or clips.

2. The negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material used in the ballistic ceramic layer (1) is alumina or boron carbide.

3. The negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer (3) and the multistable superstructure material layer (4) are made of steel or titanium alloy.

4. The negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the negative Poisson's ratio superstructure material layer (3) and the multistable superstructure material layer (4) are porous structures.

5. The negative Poisson's ratio and multistable metamaterial impact-resistant composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multistable superstructure material layer (4) adopts multistable characteristics, can maintain elasticity after being subjected to explosive impact, and has reusability.

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