Automatic opening and closing device for rear cover of garbage truck

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy-saving sanitation vehicles, in particular to an automatic opening and closing device for a rear cover of a garbage truck, which comprises a carriage, a rotating shaft rotationally connected to the tail of the carriage, a rear cover fixed on a rod part of the rotating shaft and an opening and closing mechanism fixed on the side wall of the carriage, the opening and closing mechanism comprises a hydraulic driving part, a gear set and a sector gear which are arranged on the side wall of the carriage, the gear set comprises a driving wheel and an idle wheel which are meshed with each other, the hydraulic driving part is used for driving the driving wheel to rotate, the sector gear is meshed with the idle wheel, and the rotating center point of the sector gear is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the number of teeth of the sector gear is larger than that of teeth of the driving wheel. Automatic opening and closing of the rear cover are achieved in the mode that hydraulic drive is matched with gear transmission, speed reduction and torque increase are achieved by driving the large-tooth-number sector gear through the small gear, the pressure of a hydraulic system and element abrasion can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged; and the rear cover opening and closing stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of energy-saving sanitation vehicles, specifically an automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck. Background Technology

[0002] In the modern urban sanitation system, garbage trucks play a crucial role in garbage transportation, collecting urban household waste and transporting it to waste treatment stations for centralized processing to ensure urban environmental sanitation.

[0003] The garbage bins on garbage trucks are used to hold garbage, and their rear covers are usually designed with a flip-top, allowing for a larger opening space and facilitating the loading of municipal solid waste by workers. Currently, there are various types of flip-top opening and closing devices for garbage truck rear covers on the market, with hydraulically controlled devices being the most common. These devices typically use the extension and retraction of a hydraulic cylinder to drive the opening and closing of the rear cover. For example, the existing technology "A Garbage Truck Bin" (Announcement No.: CN206220732U) has a hydraulic cylinder installed at the top of the garbage bin to drive the rear cover to open or close. Compared to some traditional garbage truck bins that require manual opening of the rear cover, this improves the convenience and efficiency of opening and closing the rear cover. However, the existing technology still has the following technical problems:

[0004] In existing garbage trucks, the hydraulic cylinder for the rear cover is located at the top of the truck body. The connection point between the piston rod end of the hydraulic cylinder and the rear cover is located at the upper part of the rear cover, very close to the rotation center when the rear cover opens and closes. However, the overall center of gravity of the rear cover is farther away from the rotation center when the rear cover opens and closes, resulting in a longer resistance arm and a shorter power arm. Therefore, a larger output torque is required to drive the rear cover to open. In order to overcome the torque brought by the resistance arm, the hydraulic cylinder needs to output higher pressure when opening the rear cover, which can easily increase the load on the hydraulic system, increase the wear and tear of hydraulic system components, reduce the service life of hydraulic equipment, and increase maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides an automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of garbage trucks, which can solve the problem that the rear cover of garbage trucks in the prior art requires a large output torque when opening and closing, resulting in a large load on its hydraulic system, which easily causes wear and tear on hydraulic system components and reduces their service life.

[0006] This application provides the following technical solution: an automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck, including a truck body, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the rear of the truck body, a rear cover fixed to the shaft rod, and an opening and closing mechanism fixed to the side wall of the truck body;

[0007] The opening and closing mechanism includes a hydraulic drive unit, a gear set, and a sector gear mounted on the side wall of the carriage. The gear set includes a driving wheel and an idler wheel that mesh with each other. The hydraulic drive unit is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate. The sector gear meshes with the idler wheel. The rotation center point of the sector gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the number of teeth of the sector gear is greater than the number of teeth of the driving wheel.

[0008] Beneficial effects:

[0009] 1. Amplify output torque, reduce drive load, and extend service life. The meshing of the drive wheel and idler wheel drives the rotation of the sector gear. Since the sector gear is coaxially fixed to the rear cover shaft, its rotation synchronously drives the rear cover. The sector gear has more teeth than the drive wheel, forming a "small gear driving a large gear" reduction and torque-increasing structure. This design eliminates the need for the hydraulic system to directly output high torque; instead, it naturally amplifies the output torque through the gear meshing ratio. This significantly reduces the driving energy required to open the rear cover. The hydraulic drive unit only needs to provide a smaller power input to open the rear cover, drastically reducing the working pressure of the hydraulic system. This avoids component wear caused by high pressure, effectively reducing the load on the hydraulic system and extending its service life.

[0010] 2. Optimized structural layout and enhanced transmission stability. The gear set is arranged on the side wall of the vehicle body, replacing the traditional hydraulic drive installation method. The structure is more compact and does not occupy top space, which is conducive to the opening of the rear cover. Moreover, the sector gear is directly fixed to the shaft, so that the rotational torque of the gear set is transmitted to the rear cover more directly. Compared with the existing technology, it can avoid the problem of rear cover shaking or jamming caused by the installation gap at the connection point between the hydraulic cylinder piston rod and the rear cover during hydraulic drive. This makes the rear cover opening and closing process smoother, reduces the risk of mechanical failure, and enhances the stability of the rear cover opening.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydraulic drive unit includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the side wall of the vehicle body, a rack fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and a guide block fixed to the side wall of the vehicle body. The rack is slidably connected to the guide block, and the teeth of the rack mesh with the drive wheel.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The guide block provides rigid guidance to the rack, ensuring the linear accuracy of the rack during sliding and preventing gear misalignment or wobbling; compared to hydraulic direct drive, gear transmission provides smoother torque transmission, reducing jamming or swaying when the rear cover opens and closes. This design reduces mechanical shock and wear, making the transmission system more reliable and extending the service life of components such as gears and racks.

[0013] Furthermore, a proximity switch is fixed to one end of the guide block near the hydraulic cylinder.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The proximity switch can detect the sliding position of the rack in real time, thereby indirectly monitoring the rotation angle of the drive wheel and sector gear. This prevents the drive wheel and sector gear from exceeding their maximum rotation range due to excessive rotation angle. When the rack moves to the sensing position of the proximity switch, the proximity switch can send a signal to trigger the hydraulic cylinder to stop, preventing the rear cover from excessively moving and colliding with the vehicle body or other components, thus protecting the mechanical structure from damage.

[0015] Furthermore, the opening and closing mechanism also includes a protective shell fixed to the side wall of the vehicle body. The hydraulic cylinder, rack, guide block, proximity switch, drive gear, idler gear and sector gear are all located inside the protective shell, and the protective shell has an opening at one end near the rear cover.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The protective shell can effectively block sewage, dust, debris and other impurities splashed during garbage loading and unloading, preventing them from directly contacting precision components such as gears, racks, and hydraulic cylinders, which could cause gear meshing to jam. The protective shell can reduce such mechanical failures, reduce component wear caused by impurities, and extend the maintenance cycle of the transmission system.

[0017] Furthermore, mounting ears are symmetrically fixed on the rear of the vehicle body, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting ears.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The symmetrical mounting ears provide support at both ends of the back cover through the pivot, forming a stable axis of rotation. This avoids wobbling or swaying of the back cover due to single-point support during opening and closing. When the sector gear drives the back cover to rotate, the mounting ears at both ends can evenly bear the weight and driving torque of the back cover, ensuring that the pivot rotates smoothly along the axis and that the back cover is accurately positioned in the open or closed state, avoiding positional deviation or mechanical jamming caused by unstable support. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is the main structural view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The left view.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 An enlarged view of the opening and closing mechanism.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Main view with the rear cover open. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0024] The markings in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Carriage box; 2. Opening and closing mechanism; 3. Mounting lug; 4. Rear cover; 5. Rotary shaft; 6. Sector gear; 7. Protective shell; 8. Positioning block; 9. Hydraulic cylinder; 10. Piston rod; 11. Proximity switch; 12. Rack; 13. Guide block; 14. Drive wheel; 15. Main shaft; 16. Idler wheel; 17. Countershaft.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck includes a truck body 1, a rotating shaft 5 rotatably connected to the rear of the truck body 1, a rear cover 4 fixed to the rod of the rotating shaft 5, and an opening and closing mechanism 2 fixed to the side wall of the truck body 1; the rear of the truck body 1 is provided with an opening, and the opening and closing mechanism 2 is used to control the opening and closing of the rear cover 4. Figure 2 As shown, mounting ears 3 are symmetrically fixed on the rear of the carriage 1. The rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to the mounting ears 3. The rear cover 4 is fixed to the shaft 5 between the two mounting ears 3 by means of key connection, welding or integral molding, so that the rotating shaft 5 and the rear cover 4 can rotate synchronously.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the opening and closing mechanism 2 includes a protective shell 7 fixed to the outer wall of the carriage 1, a hydraulic drive unit, a gear set, and a sector gear 6 fixed inside the protective shell 7.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the gear set includes a driving gear 14 and an idler gear 16 that mesh with each other. A main shaft 15 and a secondary shaft 17 are fixed inside the protective housing 7. The driving gear 14 is rotatably connected to the main shaft 15, and the idler gear 16 is rotatably connected to the secondary shaft 17.

[0029] like Figure 3 As shown, a positioning block 8 is fixed inside the protective shell 7. The hydraulic drive unit includes a hydraulic cylinder 9 fixed below the positioning block 8, a rack 12 fixed to the end of the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9, and a guide block 13 fixed inside the protective shell 7. The guide block 13 is located on one side of the rack 12, and the rack 12 is slidably connected to the guide block 13. A protrusion is provided on the right side of the rack 12, which is located in a strip-shaped groove on the guide block 13, thereby realizing the sliding connection between the rack 12 and the guide block 13. The teeth of the rack 12 mesh with the drive wheel 14. A proximity switch 11 is fixed at one end of the guide block 13 near the hydraulic cylinder 9, and the sensing contact of the proximity switch 11 faces the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the teeth of sector gear 6 mesh with idler gear 16, and the rotation center of sector gear 6 is fixedly connected to shaft 5, so that shaft 5 and sector gear 6 can rotate synchronously. Furthermore, the number of teeth on sector gear 6 is greater than the number of teeth on drive gear 14. Figure 4As shown, the protective shell 7 has an opening at the bottom of one end near the rear cover 4 to provide sufficient swing space for the sector gear 6.

[0031] The method of using this device is as follows:

[0032] When it is necessary to open the rear cover 4, the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 pushes downward, driving... Figure 3 The drive wheel 14 rotates in the direction of the arrow, driving the idler wheel 16 to rotate synchronously, which in turn causes the sector gear 6 to rotate in the direction of the arrow. As the sector gear 6 rotates, the rear cover 4 swings upward and opens. Figure 4 As shown, after the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 extends to its final position, the rear cover 4 opens to its final position. At this time, workers can load municipal solid waste into the vehicle body 1. After the operation is completed, the piston rod 10 of the hydraulic cylinder 9 retracts, the rack 12 moves upward, and the drive wheel 14 and sector gear 6 rotate in the opposite direction, causing the rear cover 4 to return to the closed state. When the rack 12 moves to the sensing position of the proximity switch 11, the proximity switch 11 can send a signal to trigger the hydraulic cylinder 9 to stop, preventing the rear cover 4 from excessively moving and colliding with the vehicle body 1 or other components, thus protecting the mechanical structure from damage.

[0033] This device utilizes the meshing of the drive wheel 14 and the idler wheel 16 to drive the rotation of the sector gear 6, which in turn drives the rear cover 4 to rotate synchronously. The sector gear 6 has more teeth than the drive wheel 14, forming a "small gear driving a large gear" speed reduction and torque amplification structure. This design does not rely on the hydraulic system to directly output high torque, but rather naturally amplifies the output torque through the gear meshing transmission ratio. This significantly reduces the driving energy required to open the rear cover 4, and the hydraulic drive unit only needs to provide a smaller power input to open the rear cover 4. This greatly reduces the working pressure of the hydraulic system, avoids the component wear problem caused by high pressure, effectively reduces the load on the hydraulic system, and extends the service life of the hydraulic system.

[0034] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model, and the utility model is not limited to the field covered by this embodiment. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck, characterized in that: It includes a carriage, a pivot shaft rotatably connected to the rear of the carriage, a rear cover fixed to the pivot shaft rod, and an opening and closing mechanism fixed to the side wall of the carriage; The opening and closing mechanism includes a hydraulic drive unit, a gear set, and a sector gear mounted on the side wall of the carriage. The gear set includes a driving wheel and an idler wheel that mesh with each other. The hydraulic drive unit is used to drive the driving wheel to rotate. The sector gear meshes with the idler wheel. The rotation center point of the sector gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the number of teeth of the sector gear is greater than the number of teeth of the driving wheel.

2. The automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic drive unit includes a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the side wall of the vehicle body, a rack fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and a guide block fixed to the side wall of the vehicle body. The rack is slidably connected to the guide block, and the teeth of the rack mesh with the drive wheel.

3. The automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck according to claim 2, characterized in that: A proximity switch is fixed to one end of the guide block near the hydraulic cylinder.

4. The automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening and closing mechanism also includes a protective shell fixed to the side wall of the vehicle body. The hydraulic cylinder, rack, guide block, proximity switch, drive gear, idler gear and sector gear are all located inside the protective shell. The protective shell has an opening at one end near the rear cover.

5. The automatic opening and closing device for the rear cover of a garbage truck according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear of the vehicle body is symmetrically fixed with mounting ears, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting ears.

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