Plugging combined wax pill for efficiently plugging drill hole leakage

Abstract

The utility model discloses a leaking stoppage combined wax pill for efficiently blocking drilling leakage, which comprises an anti-expansion environment-friendly leaking stoppage combined wax pill body, and the anti-expansion environment-friendly leaking stoppage combined wax pill body comprises an expansion blocking component, an anti-expansion sealing component and an anti-expansion sealing component, the inner shell wraps the expansion plugging component and is used for sealing the expansion plugging component in the inner shell, so that the sealing and waterproof effects are achieved; the bridge plug framework plugging bonding structural component wraps the outer part of the inner shell; and the outer shell is wrapped outside the bridge plug framework plugging and bonding structural member, so that the plugging material is sealed, waterproof and protected. By adopting a proper and efficient waterproof protection method, various inert plugging materials can achieve better hydration anti-expansion protection before the anti-expansion environment-friendly plugging combined wax pill body is delivered to a leakage position in a hole, so that the situation that the plugging effect cannot be achieved due to the fact that a super absorbent resin expanding agent and the inert plugging materials are hydrated and expanded in advance is avoided; the drilling flushing fluid leakage can be quickly blocked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a plugging combination wax pellet for efficient sealing of borehole leakage. It is mainly used to effectively seal the leakage of flushing fluid when drilling in fractured, fissured, or cavitary formations. It solves the problem of flushing fluid leakage in the current drilling process with low cost, broad spectrum efficiency, and green environmental protection, and belongs to the field of drilling engineering construction technology. Background Technology

[0002] Typically, during drilling operations, fluid loss frequently occurs when encountering fractured, fissured, or cavitary formations. Fluid loss significantly increases drilling material costs, severely impacts normal drilling progress and schedules, and in severe cases, can even lead to borehole abandonment, resulting in substantial economic losses for the drilling project.

[0003] In recent years, scholars and engineers both domestically and internationally have conducted extensive research and practical work on plugging materials, technologies, and equipment for complex formations with large and severe leakage. They have continuously researched and innovated in the development of plugging tools, optimization of plugging processes, and preparation of plugging materials. However, each plugging technology and material has certain limitations, such as the challenge of accurately and quickly delivering plugging materials to the leakage location within the borehole. Furthermore, if plugging materials and novel superabsorbent polymer (SAP) expansion plugging materials absorb water before being delivered to the leakage channel, they will prematurely hydrate and expand. After expansion, the plugging material will be unable to effectively enter the leakage fracture channel, resulting in a loss of the expansion bridge plug sealing effect. Therefore, preventing the hydration and expansion of plugging materials and novel SAP expansion plugging materials before delivery to the leakage channel is the key to the innovative application of this technology.

[0004] Borehole leakage is a common problem frequently encountered in hydrological, oil and gas, and geological core drilling operations. For leakage plugging in geological borehole operations, permeable backflow leakage can be effectively addressed. However, for severe backflow leakage problems caused by large fractures and pore (karst) vulnerabilities, the main plugging techniques currently employed include polymer slurry plugging, inert skeleton material bridge plug plugging, urea-formaldehyde resin slurry curing plugging, and cement consolidation plugging. Over the years, our unit has demonstrated significant effectiveness in borehole bridge plug plugging operations using a newly developed double-coated mud ball delivery method combining water-absorbing resin expanding agent and inert plugging material. However, when water-absorbing resin expanding agents are used for bridge plug sealing in leaky gaps, the expansion time is short and difficult to control. This is due to factors such as the irregular particle size, irregularity of the leaking cracks, and the lack of suitable transport vehicles. As a result, the water-absorbing resin expanding agent and inert sealing materials often expand prematurely after being soaked in water before reaching the leak location, leading to less than ideal sealing results. In our leak sealing work since 2014, we have achieved a sealing effect of >95% using the "double-film-coated mud ball delivery method" with a cost of less than 100 yuan per application. However, this method has drawbacks: the on-site fabrication of "double-film-coated mud balls" is time-consuming, the plastic film is non-degradable and does not meet environmental protection requirements, and the sealing effect is affected to varying degrees by inconsistent on-site operations and limitations in material sourcing. Therefore, further research and development are needed to optimize the leak sealing process and improve the environmental friendliness of the sealing materials.

[0005] Therefore, the key to solving the above-mentioned technical problems lies in developing a highly practical and reliable anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging wax pellet for drilling leakage. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the numerous defects and shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model has made improvements and innovations, aiming to provide a high-efficiency, expansion-resistant, environmentally friendly plugging combination wax pellet for sealing borehole leaks. This combination is simple in structure, novel in design, reasonable in construction, and easy to operate, enabling rapid sealing of borehole flushing fluid leaks. The plugging material, under good protection, can be quickly and accurately transported to the leak location. Through the action of the bridge plug crushing the drill bit, it effectively seals the serious leakage of flushing fluid in geological boreholes, effectively avoiding losses and delays caused by flushing fluid leakage. Furthermore, it can promptly repair flushing fluid leakage during underground drilling construction, preventing waste of borehole flushing fluid resources and environmental pollution, thus playing a positive role in protecting the ecological environment.

[0007] To solve the above problems and achieve the above-mentioned utility model objectives, this utility model provides a plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leaks, achieved through the following design structure and the following technical solution:

[0008] A leak-sealing combination wax shot for efficient sealing of borehole leakage includes an anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax shot body, wherein the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax shot body comprises:

[0009] Expansion sealing components;

[0010] The inner shell is wrapped around the expansion sealing component and is used to seal the expansion sealing component inside the inner shell to achieve a sealing and water-proof effect.

[0011] The bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component is wrapped around the outside of the inner shell;

[0012] The outer shell is wrapped around the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component to achieve a sealing, water-proof, and leak-proof protection for the plugging material.

[0013] Preferably, the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body is a solid sphere in shape. The product name and specification mark are marked on the outer surface of the solid sphere-shaped anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body, so as to facilitate the quick selection of wax pellets of the appropriate model and size according to the actual construction needs during construction.

[0014] Preferably, the expansion sealing component is made of a superabsorbent resin expansion sealing material, wherein the expansion sealing component is composed of polymer particles of varying sizes with a diameter of 0.05 to 5.0 mm, and the expansion sealing component forms a hydrogel that only swells and does not dissolve after absorbing water.

[0015] Preferably, the inner shell is a hollow cylindrical structure made of beeswax, which provides a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0016] Preferably, the outer shell is a hollow, round shell structure made of beeswax, which provides a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0017] Preferably, the inner diameter of the outer shell is larger than the outer diameter of the inner shell.

[0018] Preferably, the expansion sealing component, the inner shell and the bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding component and the outer shell are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside to form an anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet body.

[0019] Preferably, a warning layer is applied to the outer surface of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body, and the warning layer is a colored paint.

[0020] The working principle is as follows: Before specific use, construction personnel only need to transport the completed wax pellets of this utility model, which are a combination of design structures, to the designated construction location using appropriate handling equipment or manually. The specific usage steps are as follows:

[0021] Step 1: Before using the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body, it is necessary to make a certain specification and quantity of the product of this utility model design structure for standby. If the drilling encounters a crack and the flushing fluid leaks during geological drilling, the location of the leak in the borehole and the amount of leakage should be checked first to determine the quantity of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body to be used.

[0022] Step 2: If flushing fluid leakage occurs during geological drilling, continue drilling for 0.3 to 0.5 meters above the leakage point. Then, remove the drill string and drill bit from the hole and ensure that the drill pipe channel for delivering the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax pellets is unobstructed. The corresponding number of spherical combination wax pellets can be accurately delivered to the leakage section.

[0023] Step 3: According to the construction needs, the construction personnel select the appropriate specifications and models of wax pellets for use. When using them, the prepared anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body is put into the hole. During the process of putting it in, flushing fluid needs to be poured in at the same time to ensure that the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body can be smoothly delivered to the leak location without having to build bridges and plugs in the middle.

[0024] Step 4: During construction, if the wireline coring drilling method is used, first remove the drill rod and drill string from the hole. Then, connect the bridge plug crushing drill bit to the drill rod and lower it to the bridge plug plugging section, and then connect it to the drilling rig. The rotational power of the drilling rig is transmitted to the bridge plug crushing drill bit, which repeatedly crushes the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging composite wax shot and other inert plugging materials. After the bridge plug crushing drill bit crushes the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging composite wax shot, various inert plugging materials are continuously and forcibly crushed into the leakage fractures to fill the leakage fracture channels, achieving the purpose of efficient plugging.

[0025] Step 5: During the operation of the rotary rolling anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body and other inert plugging bridge plug materials, flushing fluid is sent into the drill pipe through a mud pump. On one hand, a small amount of flushing fluid flows to the bottom to wet and hydrate the inert plugging bridge plug material. On the other hand, the flushing fluid circulates to the surface through the annulus outside the borehole, creating a pressure difference in the well to force more plugging bridge plug material into the fracture, achieving a better sealing effect. After the leakage fracture is completely filled and compacted, the flushing fluid returns to the borehole opening, and the drill pipe and bridge plug rolling drill bit can be lifted out, thus completing and achieving fast and efficient plugging work.

[0026] During the entire implementation process described above, if the construction personnel do not use auxiliary equipment for placement, they only need to manually place the material at the corresponding location that needs to be sealed, depending on the actual construction conditions. This manual placement method is suitable for sealing shallow holes, and can be used directly.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model compared with the prior art are:

[0028] 1. This utility model utilizes a double-layer environmentally friendly waterproof material to encapsulate a highly efficient inert plugging material, enabling rapid and efficient delivery of the inert plugging material to the lost drilling section. During delivery, it effectively prevents water from contacting the inert plugging material, avoiding premature water erosion, dispersion, hydration, and expansion, which would reduce or eliminate its plugging effect. This allows the inert plugging material to be precisely and efficiently delivered to the lost drilling fracture channels through a powerful compression process, where it expands upon contact with water, effectively sealing the lost channels.

[0029] 2. This utility model has a wide range of applications and can be applied to different degrees of leakage in boreholes with a diameter of Φ56mm or larger. According to the borehole diameter and the formation fissures or holes, the corresponding size and specifications of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax shot body can be made, and the leak-stopping work can be carried out by matching the corresponding size and specifications of the high-efficiency bridge plug rolling drill bit.

[0030] 3. This utility model can quickly repair flushing fluid leakage. The drilling plugging device can quickly and accurately locate and repair flushing fluid leakage during underground drilling construction, effectively avoiding losses and delays caused by flushing fluid leakage to the project. At the same time, this utility model can promptly repair flushing fluid leakage in underground boreholes, avoiding waste of underground flushing fluid resources and environmental pollution, and playing a positive role in protecting the ecological environment.

[0031] 4. This utility model can effectively reduce construction costs, promptly repair flushing fluid leakage, and avoid project delays and increased costs caused by flushing fluid leakage; thereby reducing construction costs and maintenance expenses, and enabling timely detection and resolution of flushing fluid leakage during construction, which is conducive to improving the quality and reliability of the project, ensuring the smooth progress and long-term stable operation of the project;

[0032] 5. This utility model is simple to operate, safe and reliable, and can quickly and efficiently complete the sealing of complex situations involving borehole leakage, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing accidents, limiting their impact to a controllable range, avoiding accidents and improving economic efficiency.

[0033] 6. This utility model can use the anti-expansion and environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body according to the actual construction site conditions, so as to achieve low-cost, fast and efficient plugging when the flushing fluid is lost when drilling encounters broken, fissure and cavitary strata, and to prevent the drilling construction from becoming complicated.

[0034] 7. This utility model is easy to operate, has precise time control, and is highly efficient. Before the improvement, it has been implemented in many cases in actual construction in various drilling mining areas of our unit, achieving a leakage plugging effect of more than 95%. After the improvement, it can effectively solve the problem of flushing fluid loss when encountering broken, fissure, and cavitary strata during drilling construction, simplify the operation process, greatly shorten the leakage plugging auxiliary time, and save operating costs.

[0035] 8. This utility model of low-cost, environmentally friendly, and fast-acting leak-sealing material has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. The production cost of the superabsorbent resin expansion agent is only 30-50 yuan / kg, and the amount required for each leak sealing is only 0.5-1kg. The cost of other inert materials such as sawdust, bentonite powder, polymer, plant glue, and leaves is less than 100 yuan. The material cost for one leak sealing operation is only about 500 yuan.

[0036] 9. The exterior of this utility model can be painted with various colors and marked with specifications and models, which improves the ease of procurement and on-site operation, makes it easier for workers to identify, and increases the safety and controllability of construction operations. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 2 This is one of the cross-sectional views of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 3 This is the second cross-sectional view of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the small wax pellet formed by combining the expansion sealing component (1a) and the inner shell (1b) of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component (1c) and the outer shell (1d) of this utility model, which are combined to form a large wax pellet;

[0044] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic diagrams showing the overall usage state of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 8 This is the second schematic diagram of the overall usage state of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 9This is the third schematic diagram of the overall usage state of this utility model;

[0047] Figure 10 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the overall usage state of this utility model;

[0048] In the figure, the following labels are used: 1—anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax shot body; 1—expansion sealing component; 1b—inner shell; 1c—bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding component; 1d—outer shell;

[0049] 2—Drill pipe;

[0050] 3—Bridge plug crushing drill bit;

[0051] 4—Drilling rig;

[0052] 5—Cracks. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the technical means, inventive features, objectives, and effects of this utility model readily understandable, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0054] As per the instruction manual Figure 1 To the instruction manual Figure 3 The illustrated plugging wax pellet for efficient sealing of borehole leakage includes an anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging wax pellet body 1, wherein the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging wax pellet body 1 comprises:

[0055] Expansion sealing component 1a;

[0056] The inner shell 1b is wrapped around the expansion sealing member 1a and is used to seal the expansion sealing member 1a inside the inner shell 1b to achieve a sealing and water-proof effect.

[0057] The bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding component 1c is wrapped around the outer shell 1b;

[0058] The outer shell 1d is wrapped around the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c to achieve sealing, water-proof protection, and leakage prevention of the plugging material.

[0059] In this utility model, the outer shell 1d completely seals and covers the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c, the inner shell 1b, and the expansion sealing component 1a, thereby sealing various types of leak-stopping materials to achieve the purpose of waterproofing and immersion; the product name and specification mark are also marked on the outer surface of the spherical body 1 of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet.

[0060] In this utility model, the expansion sealing component 1a is made of expansion sealing material;

[0061] The bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c is made of a bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding mixed inert material.

[0062] Furthermore, the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1 is a solid sphere in shape. The product name and specification mark are marked on the outer surface of the solid sphere-shaped anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1, so as to facilitate the quick selection of wax pellets of the appropriate model and size according to the actual construction needs during construction.

[0063] Furthermore, the expansion sealing component 1a is made of a superabsorbent resin expansion sealing material, wherein the expansion sealing component 1a is composed of polymer particles of varying sizes with a diameter of 0.05 to 5.0 mm, and the expansion sealing component 1a forms a hydrogel that only swells and does not dissolve after absorbing water.

[0064] Furthermore, the inner shell 1b is a hollow cylindrical structure made of beeswax, which is used to provide a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0065] In this invention, the expansion sealing component 1a has particles with a certain hardness and an uneven volume size with a diameter of 0.05 to 5.0 mm before absorbing water. After absorbing water, it forms a hydrogel that only swells and does not dissolve. It can absorb more than 500 times its own weight of water molecules and expand its volume by more than 100 times. It has the characteristics of strong water retention and high swelling volume ratio.

[0066] Furthermore, the outer shell 1d is a hollow cylindrical structure made of beeswax, which is used to provide a sealing and waterproof effect; wherein, the inner diameter of the outer shell 1d is larger than the outer diameter of the inner shell 1b.

[0067] Furthermore, the bridge plug skeleton sealing adhesive component 1c is composed of a mixture of three materials: skeleton material, bridge plug material, and adhesive material.

[0068] Specifically, the bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding component 1c is prepared from the following parts by weight of raw materials:

[0069] Bentonite, accounting for 30%.

[0070] Polyacrylamide granules, accounting for 10%

[0071] Plant-based gum, 10%

[0072] Sawmilling, accounting for 30%.

[0073] Pine needles, accounting for 5%

[0074] Cottonseed hulls or dried fern leaves, accounting for 5%.

[0075] The above materials are mixed in proportion and an appropriate amount of water is added to make a bridge plug skeleton sealing adhesive component 1c with strong adhesion. When used, it is made into a sphere of the corresponding size with the inner shell 1b and the expansion sealing component 1a. Then, it is wrapped with the outer shell 1d to make an anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet body 1.

[0076] More specifically, the sawn wood is 10-100 mesh;

[0077] The length of the pine needles is 5–10 mm.

[0078] Furthermore, the expansion sealing component 1a, the inner shell 1b, the bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding component 1c, and the outer shell 1d are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside to form the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet body 1.

[0079] Furthermore, the application of plugging combination wax shot in plugging leaks when flushing fluid is lost during drilling in fractured, fissured, and porous formations.

[0080] In this invention, the expansion sealing component 1a is composed of polymer resin expansion material particles with a diameter of 0.05 to 5.0 mm that are uneven in size;

[0081] The inner shell 1b is made of beeswax material and is a hollow sphere. Before manufacturing, the expansion sealing component 1a is installed in the internal space to give it a sealing and water-proof protection function.

[0082] The bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c is composed of various types of skeleton materials, bridge plug materials, and bonding materials in the following proportions: bentonite 30%, high molecular weight polyacrylamide granules 10%, plant glue 10%, 10-100 mesh sawdust 30%, 5-10mm long pine needles 5%, and cottonseed hulls or dried fern leaves 5%. After entering the crack, each material should provide a skeleton-bonded bridge plug sealing function. After the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c is manufactured, it is wrapped around the outside of the inner shell 1b according to the usage specifications, forming a spherical shape.

[0083] In this invention, the bonding materials are bentonite, high molecular weight polyacrylamide particles, and plant adhesive.

[0084] The bridge plug material is sawdust and cottonseed hulls or dried fern leaves.

[0085] The skeleton material is pine needles.

[0086] The outer shell 1d is made of beeswax material into a hollow sphere. Before manufacturing, the sphere formed by the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c, the inner shell 1b and the expansion sealing component 1a is inserted into its internal space to give it a sealing and water-proof protection function. Finally, it is made into an anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet.

[0087] The outer shell 1d contains, from the outside to the inside, a bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c, an inner shell 1b, and an expansion sealing component 1a, and has a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0088] Finally, the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1 is a solid sphere, and the product name and specifications are marked on the outer surface of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1.

[0089] Before use, it is necessary to prepare the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellets of the corresponding specifications and dimensions as a backup.

[0090] Preferably, a warning layer is applied to the outer surface of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1, and the warning layer is a colored paint.

[0091] The anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1 is a solid sphere composed of a combination of various inert leak-sealing materials and waterproof wax pellet body structure.

[0092] Its application scenarios and methods are as follows:

[0093] Application scenario: If a severe leakage occurs during geological drilling when a through-fracture is encountered and the flushing fluid is lost at the wellhead, drilling can continue for another 0.3 to 0.5 meters to plug the leak. Then, anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot can be used to carry out efficient and quick plugging work.

[0094] Step 1: When a serious leakage of flushing fluid occurs at the wellhead during the drilling process, the first step is to verify the location and amount of leakage in the borehole to determine the specifications and quantity of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1, and then prepare it accordingly.

[0095] Step 2: Remove the drill string and drill bit from the borehole. If it is a wireline coring process, only the inner tube needs to be removed. In this step, it is necessary to ensure that the drill pipe channel for delivering the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 is unobstructed so that the corresponding number of anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot bodies 1 can be accurately delivered to the lost well section.

[0096] Step 3: The prepared quantity of anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellets 1 is directly injected into the hole or injected into the hole through the drill rod 2. During the injection process, flushing fluid should be poured in at the same time to ensure that the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellets 1 can be smoothly delivered to the leak location without bridging or blocking in the middle, which would cause the injection to fail.

[0097] Step 4: After the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 is delivered, connect the mud pump, turn on the mud pump to send an appropriate amount of flushing fluid into the borehole, and use the mud pump to accurately press the corresponding number of anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot bodies 1 to the location of the lost well section.

[0098] Step 5: If the wireline coring drilling method is used, all drill rods and drilling tools inside the hole must be pulled out to facilitate the subsequent plugging steps.

[0099] Step 6: After connecting the bridge plug crushing drill bit 3 to the drill rod 2, lower it to the section of the well that needs to be plugged with bridge plugs, and then connect it to the drilling rig 4; start the drilling rig 4 to work. During operation, the power of the drilling rig 4 is transmitted to the bridge plug crushing drill bit 3 through rotation. The bridge plug crushing drill bit 3 moves up and down to repeatedly crush and grind the inert plugging bridge plug material such as the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1.

[0100] Step 7: During the crushing and grinding process of various inert plugging materials inside the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 by the bridge plug crushing drill bit 3, flushing fluid is sent into the drill rod 2 through the mud pump. On the one hand, a small amount of flushing fluid flows to the bottom to wet and hydrate the inert plugging bridge plug materials. On the other hand, the flushing fluid circulates to the ground through the annulus outside the borehole. The pressure difference in the borehole forces more plugging bridge plug materials into the cracks 5. Before expansion, various inert plugging bridge plug materials are continuously forced into the leakage cracks to fill the leakage crack channels. After entering the leakage crack channels, the various inert plugging bridge plug materials gradually expand after hydration to form a bridge plug sealing effect, achieving a good low-cost, high-efficiency, and fast bridge plug sealing effect.

[0101] Step 8: After the leaking cracks are completely filled and sealed, and the flushing fluid returns to the borehole opening, drill rod 2 and bridge plug crushing drill bit 3 can be removed. After completing the low-cost, efficient, and quick leak sealing work, normal drilling work can resume.

[0102] In summary, a more specific embodiment of this utility model is as follows:

[0103] Before using the above-mentioned design structure for efficiently sealing borehole leaks, the wax pellets of this design structure need to be transported to the designated construction location by appropriate handling equipment or directly by manual labor.

[0104] The specific production process is as follows:

[0105] The superabsorbent resin expansion sealing component 1a is improved by the manufacturer according to the existing specifications and dimensions. The particle diameter is in the range of 0.05 to 5.0 mm, which is suitable for sealing irregular leakage channels of various types during drilling construction.

[0106] Furthermore, the inner shell 1b is made of beeswax to prepare a small-sized hollow cylindrical structure, and the internal space is filled with a super absorbent resin expansion sealing component 1a. The prepared beeswax inner shell 1b must have a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0107] Furthermore, the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c is composed of various types of skeleton materials, bridge plug materials, and bonding materials, such as sawdust, pine needles, cottonseed hulls or dried fern leaves, high-molecular-weight polyacrylamide, plant glue, bentonite, etc. These materials, once introduced into the crack, must provide a skeleton-bonded bridge plug sealing function. Specifically, the composition is as follows: bentonite 30%, high-molecular-weight polyacrylamide granules 10%, plant glue 10%, 10-100 mesh sawdust 30%, 5-10mm long pine needles 5%, and cottonseed hulls or dried fern leaves 5%. After the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c is manufactured, it is wrapped around the outside of the inner shell 1b according to the usage specifications, forming a spherical shape.

[0108] Furthermore, the outer shell 1d is made of beeswax to prepare a slightly larger hollow cylindrical structure. The internal space is sequentially filled with the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c, the inner shell 1b and the expansion sealing component 1a from the outside to the inside, so that it has the function of sealing and waterproof protection, and finally the expansion-resistant and environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet body 1 is made.

[0109] The anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet 5 has a bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component 1c, an inner shell 1b, and an expansion sealing component 1a installed sequentially from the outside to the inside of its internal space, and it has a sealing and waterproof effect.

[0110] Finally, the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellets are solid spherical in shape, and the product name and specifications are marked on the outer surface of the spherical shape.

[0111] Before use, it is necessary to prepare pre-made anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet spheres of the corresponding specifications and sizes as spares.

[0112] The specific prerequisites for its use are as follows: First, during drilling operations, flushing fluid leakage occurs when encountering fractured, fissured, or cavitary formations. Significant flushing fluid leakage greatly increases the cost of drilling mud materials and severely impacts normal drilling progress and the risk of accidents within the borehole or the inability to continue drilling.

[0113] The specific operating steps are as follows: When encountering fractured, fissured, or cavitary strata during drilling, resulting in flushing fluid leakage that severely affects normal drilling progress, a preliminary analysis of the leakage situation should be conducted first. If the drilling speed suddenly increases or the drill bit is dropped, it may indicate the encounter with a fractured layer, fissured layer, or karst cave. The drill bit should be immediately retrieved for lithological observation and analysis. After clarifying the situation within the borehole, drilling should continue for 0.30m to 0.50m under safe conditions, followed by retrieving the core sample for lithological analysis and to determine the cause of the leakage. The analysis should include the development of fissures, the degree of fracture, and the presence of karst caves at the leakage point. Simultaneously, the hydrogeological conditions, including the lithology of the leakage layer and whether it belongs to an aquifer, leakage layer, or fracture zone, must be determined. Once the borehole situation is clear, sealing operations should be carried out in the leakage section according to the following operating steps:

[0114] First, the operators proposed that the hole drilling tool and drill bit wireline coring process only requires the removal of the inner tube, ensuring that the channel for delivering the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 is unobstructed, so that the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 can be accurately delivered to the lost well section;

[0115] Then, the operator puts the prepared anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1 into the hole. During the injection process, flushing fluid needs to be poured in while injecting to ensure that the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body 1 can be smoothly delivered to the leak location without bridging or blocking it in the middle, so as to cause injection failure.

[0116] Next, if the wireline coring drilling method is used, the drill rod and drilling tools in the hole must be removed before the subsequent operation can continue.

[0117] Next, the operator connects the bridge plug crushing drill bit to the drill pipe and lowers it into the bridge plug plugging section of the well, then connects it to the drilling rig. The drilling rig's rotational power is transmitted to the bridge plug crushing drill bit, which repeatedly crushes the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 and other inert plugging materials. After the bridge plug crushing drill bit crushes the anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1, various inert plugging materials are continuously and forcibly crushed into the leakage fractures to fill the leakage fracture channels, achieving the purpose of efficiently sealing the leakage fracture channels with bridge plugs.

[0118] Following this, during the operation of the rotary rolling anti-expansion environmentally friendly plugging combination wax shot body 1 and other inert plugging bridge plug materials, flushing fluid is pumped into the drill pipe through a mud pump. On the one hand, a small amount of flushing fluid flows to the bottom to wet and hydrate the inert plugging bridge plug material. On the other hand, the flushing fluid circulates to the surface through the annulus outside the borehole, creating a pressure difference in the well to force more plugging bridge plug material into the fracture, achieving a better bridge plug sealing effect. After the leakage fracture is completely compacted and filled, the flushing fluid returns to the borehole opening, and the drill pipe and bridge plug rolling drill bit can be lifted out, achieving rapid and efficient plugging work.

[0119] Finally, as time goes by, once all the construction work is completed, if there are any remaining wax balls, the construction workers only need to use appropriate handling equipment or manually carry the remaining wax balls to the designated tool storage location for storage and placement, so that they can be used again next time.

[0120] It should be noted that the above provides a detailed description of the sealing combination wax pellets for efficiently sealing borehole leaks and their applications. The principle of this utility model has been described, and the above explanation of the working principle is only for the purpose of helping to understand the core idea of ​​this utility model. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of this utility model without departing from its technical solution should still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A plugging wax pellet for efficient sealing of borehole leakage, comprising an anti-expansion and environmentally friendly plugging wax pellet body (1), characterized in that, The anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body (1) includes: Expansion sealing component (1a); The inner shell (1b) is wrapped around the expansion sealing member (1a) and is used to seal the expansion sealing member (1a) inside the inner shell (1b) to achieve a sealing and water-proof effect. The bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding member (1c) is wrapped around the outer shell (1b); The outer shell (1d) is wrapped around the bridge plug skeleton sealing and bonding component (1c) to achieve a sealing and waterproof protection of the plugging material.

2. The plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body (1) is a solid sphere. The product name and specification mark are marked on the outer surface of the solid sphere-shaped anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body (1), so as to facilitate the quick selection of wax pellets of the appropriate size according to the actual construction needs.

3. The plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion sealing component (1a) is made of superabsorbent resin expansion sealing material. The expansion sealing component (1a) is composed of polymer particles with uneven size ranging from 0.05 to 5.0 mm in diameter. After absorbing water, the expansion sealing component (1a) forms a hydrogel that only swells and does not dissolve.

4. The plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner shell (1b) is a hollow cylindrical structure made of beeswax, which is used to provide a sealing and waterproof effect.

5. The plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer shell (1d) is a hollow cylindrical structure made of beeswax, which is used to provide a sealing and waterproof effect.

6. The plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the outer shell (1d) is larger than the outer diameter of the inner shell (1b).

7. The plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The expansion sealing component (1a), inner shell (1b), bridge plug skeleton sealing bonding component (1c), and outer shell (1d) are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside to form an anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-stopping combination wax pellet body (1).

8. A plugging combination wax shot for efficiently sealing borehole leakage according to claim 7, characterized in that, A warning layer is applied to the outer surface of the anti-expansion environmentally friendly leak-sealing combination wax pellet body (1), and the warning layer is a colored paint.

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