Optical fiber vibration sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses an optical fiber vibration sensor, and aims to solve the problems of low sensitivity, poor stability and susceptibility to temperature and electromagnetic interference in the existing vibration detection. The optical fiber vibration sensor comprises a shell and a vibration sensing mechanism, wherein the vibration sensing mechanism is arranged in the shell; the vibration sensing mechanism comprises a fixing seat, a vibration sheet, a mirror sheet and an optical fiber, the vibration sheet is connected with the fixing seat, a first cavity is formed between the fixing seat and the vibration sheet, the mirror sheet is fixedly connected with the vibration sheet and located in the first cavity, the optical fiber penetrates through the fixing seat, the end face of the optical fiber is located in the first cavity, and the end face of the optical fiber right faces the mirror sheet; the end face of the optical fiber and the mirror sheet form a Fabry-Perot cavity. The vibration sensing mechanism is arranged in the shell, the Fabry-Perot cavity is formed through the mirror surface piece on the vibration piece and the end face of the optical fiber, and in the vibration process, the distance change of the Fabry-Perot cavity is accurately monitored through the optical fiber, so that the vibration condition of the equipment is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fiber optic sensing technology, and in particular to a fiber optic vibration sensor. Background Technology

[0002] During the operation of power equipment, the mechanical vibration status of key components (such as transformer windings, circuit breaker mechanisms, and GIS housings) is an important indicator reflecting the health of the equipment. Abnormal vibrations may be caused by factors such as insulation degradation, mechanical loosening, and sudden load changes. If not detected in time, they may lead to equipment failure or even safety accidents. Therefore, real-time and accurate vibration monitoring is of great significance for ensuring the reliability and lifespan management of power systems.

[0003] Currently, vibration detection in power equipment mainly relies on piezoelectric accelerometers, capacitive sensors, and MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems) accelerometers. However, these sensors have certain limitations in power applications. For example, piezoelectric sensors rely on charge signal output, requiring a charge amplifier, are susceptible to electromagnetic interference, and lack sensitivity at low frequencies (<5Hz), making it difficult to capture the slowly varying vibration characteristics commonly found in power equipment. Capacitive sensors are sensitive to the flatness of the mounting surface and environmental temperature and humidity, exhibiting poor long-term stability and making them unsuitable for the complex operating conditions inside power equipment. While MEMS accelerometers are small, their semiconductor materials have limited high-temperature resistance (typically <125℃), making them prone to drift or failure in environments with localized overheating or strong electromagnetic fields. Furthermore, all of these sensors require metal wires to transmit signals, posing a risk of introducing electromagnetic interference and making safe deployment in high-voltage, insulated areas difficult. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an optical fiber vibration sensor that addresses the problems of low sensitivity, poor stability, and susceptibility to temperature and electromagnetic interference in existing vibration detection methods.

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides an optical fiber vibration sensor, comprising: a housing and a vibration sensing mechanism, wherein the vibration sensing mechanism is disposed within the housing;

[0006] The vibration sensing mechanism includes a fixed base, a vibrating plate, a mirror plate, and an optical fiber. The vibrating plate is connected to the fixed base, and a first chamber is formed between the fixed base and the vibrating plate. The mirror plate is fixedly connected to the vibrating plate and is located within the first chamber. The optical fiber passes through the fixed base, and the end face of the optical fiber is located within the first chamber. The end face of the optical fiber faces the mirror plate, and the end face of the optical fiber and the mirror plate form a Fabry-Perot cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the vibrating plate includes a connecting part and a vibrating part, the connecting part is located on the periphery of the vibrating part, the connecting part is connected to the vibrating part, the connecting part is connected to the fixed base, and the vibrating part is connected to the mirror plate.

[0008] Preferably, the outer casing includes a first housing and a second housing, the first housing is connected to the second housing, the first housing is connected to the connecting portion, the first housing is connected to the fixing base, and the second housing is connected to the fixing base.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the first housing is provided with a first protrusion, the first protrusion is connected to the connecting part, and a second chamber is formed between the vibrating plate and the first housing.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the second housing is provided with a second protrusion, the second protrusion is connected to the fixed seat, a third chamber is formed between the fixed seat and the second housing, and the optical fiber enters the first chamber along the third chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the fiber optic vibration sensor further includes a ferrule assembly through which the optical fiber passes. The ferrule assembly includes a ferrule portion and a ferrule base. The ferrule portion is fixedly connected to the ferrule base and passes through the fixing seat. The ferrule base is located in the third chamber and abuts against the fixing seat.

[0012] Preferably, the fiber optic vibration sensor further includes a locking assembly, which is sleeved on the fiber optic cable, and a mounting hole is formed on the second housing, with the locking assembly connected to the mounting hole.

[0013] Preferably, a first protective part is provided between the optical fiber and the locking assembly, the locking assembly includes a locking part, the locking part is sleeved on the first protective part, and the locking part is connected to the mounting hole.

[0014] Preferably, the fiber optic vibration sensor further includes a second protective part, and the locking assembly further includes a clamping part, the clamping part and the locking part being integrally formed, the second protective part being sleeved on the clamping part, and one end of the second protective part abutting against the locking part.

[0015] Preferably, the fiber optic vibration sensor further includes a mass plate, which is fixedly connected to the vibration plate. The mass plate is located on one side of the vibration plate, and the mirror plate is located on the other side of the vibration plate.

[0016] This design incorporates a vibration sensing mechanism within the housing. A Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the mirror plate on the vibrating plate and the fiber optic end face. During vibration, the distance change within the Fabry-Perot cavity is precisely monitored via the optical fiber, thereby acquiring the equipment's vibration status. The Fabry-Perot cavity formed by the optical fiber and mirror plate allows for simultaneous acquisition of vibration data as the equipment vibrates, improving the sensitivity of the fiber optic vibration sensor, especially in low-frequency scenarios. The vibrating plate, through its mounting base and the housing, accurately reflects the equipment's vibration. Its relatively fixed position during operation enhances the stability of the fiber optic vibration sensor. Furthermore, the inherent insulating and electromagnetic insulation properties of optical fibers improve the sensor's anti-interference capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of an optical fiber vibration sensor provided by this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an overall structural diagram of the fiber optic vibration sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the fiber optic vibration sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic enlarged view of part A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A schematic enlarged view of part B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of an optical fiber vibration sensor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label:

[0024] 1. Outer shell; 11. First shell; 11a. Second chamber; 111. First boss; 12. Second shell; 12a. Third chamber; 12b. Mounting hole; 121. Second boss;

[0025] 2. Vibration sensing mechanism;

[0026] 21. Fixing base; 21a. First chamber;

[0027] 22. Vibrating plate; 221. Connecting part; 222. Vibrating part;

[0028] 23. Mirror-like lens;

[0029] 24. Optical fiber;

[0030] 3. Plug assembly; 31. Plug part; 32. Plug base;

[0031] 4. Locking assembly; 41. Locking part; 411. Connecting section; 412. Stop; 413. Extension section; 42. Clamping part;

[0032] 5. First protective layer; 51. Coating layer; 52. Sheath;

[0033] 6. Second protective section; 61. Reinforced section; 62. Protective section;

[0034] 7. Quality film. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of this utility model.

[0036] The accompanying drawings show schematic diagrams of layer structures according to embodiments of the present invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0037] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] Combination Figures 1 to 3This utility model provides an optical fiber 24 vibration sensor, including: a housing 1 and a vibration sensing mechanism 2, the vibration sensing mechanism 2 being disposed inside the housing 1; the vibration sensing mechanism 2 includes a fixed base 21, a vibrating plate 22, a mirror plate 23 and an optical fiber 24, the vibrating plate 22 being connected to the fixed base 21, forming a first chamber 21a between the fixed base 21 and the vibrating plate 22, the mirror plate 23 being fixedly connected to the vibrating plate 22, the mirror plate 23 being located inside the first chamber 21a, the optical fiber 24 passing through the fixed base 21, the end face of the optical fiber 24 being located inside the first chamber 21a, the end face of the optical fiber 24 facing the mirror plate 23, the end face of the optical fiber 24 and the mirror plate 23 forming a Fabry-Perot cavity. Specifically, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 is fixedly installed in the power equipment. The specific type and structure of the power equipment are not limited here. The vibration sensing mechanism 2 is installed inside the housing 1. The housing 1 vibrates with the power equipment. The vibration sensing mechanism 2 obtains the vibration of the housing 1, thereby obtaining the real-time vibration information of the power equipment. In the vibration sensing mechanism 2, the fixed base 21 plays a supporting and positioning role, providing an installation foundation for the vibrating plate 22, fiber optic 24, etc. The vibrating plate 22 is displaced when subjected to external vibration, changing the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity. The mirror plate 23 and the end face of the fiber optic 24 form a Fabry-Perot cavity, which reflects the vibration by generating an optical path difference through reflected light. The fiber optic 24 is used to transmit optical signals. The Fabry-Perot cavity formed by its end face and the mirror plate 23 detects the vibration by changing the optical path difference.

[0040] The specific vibration monitoring principle is as follows: Light is transmitted through optical fiber 24 to the end face of optical fiber 24 in the first chamber 21a. Part of the light is reflected back into optical fiber 24 by the smooth end face of optical fiber 24 and transmitted in the opposite direction. Part of the light is refracted into the first chamber 21a and reflected back into optical fiber 24 when it reaches the reflecting surface of mirror plate 23. There is a certain optical path difference between these two reflected light segments. By monitoring the optical path difference, the distance between the end face of optical fiber 24 and the reflecting surface can be determined, i.e., the distance of the Fabry-Perot cavity. When the power equipment where the optical fiber 24 vibration sensor is located vibrates, the housing 1 of the optical fiber 24 vibration sensor moves together with the power equipment. The force transmitted from the housing 1 and the fixed base 21 to the vibrating plate 22 in the first chamber 21a between the vibrating plate 22 and the fixed base 21 is relatively late. Due to inertia, the movement of the vibrating plate 22 is also relatively late, thus the vibrating plate 22 and the fixed base 21 produce relative motion. At this time, the cavity length of the Fabry-Perot cavity changes, thereby determining the vibration status of the power equipment.

[0041] The specific arrangement of the vibration sensing mechanism 2 within the housing 1 is not limited here. A first chamber 21a can be formed within the housing 1, and a Fabry-Perot cavity can be formed within the first chamber 21a using the mirror plate 23 and the end face of the optical fiber 24. In a preferred embodiment, both the end face of the optical fiber 24 and the mirror plate 23 are polished smooth, forming two opposing smooth reflective surfaces.

[0042] With this configuration, a vibration sensing mechanism 2 is installed inside the housing 1. A Fabry-Perot cavity is formed by the mirror plate 23 on the vibrating plate 22 and the end face of the optical fiber 24. During vibration, the distance change of the Fabry-Perot cavity is accurately monitored through the optical fiber 24, thereby obtaining the vibration status of the equipment. The Fabry-Perot cavity formed by the optical fiber 24 and the mirror plate 23 allows the vibration status to be obtained simultaneously with the equipment vibration, improving the sensitivity of the optical fiber 24 vibration sensor, especially in low-frequency scenarios, where accurate vibration status can be obtained. The vibration plate 22, through the cooperation between the fixing base 21 and the housing 1, enables the vibration plate 22 to accurately reflect the vibration status of the equipment. During operation, the position of the vibration plate 22 is relatively fixed, improving the stability of the optical fiber 24 vibration sensor. The inherent insulating and anti-electromagnetic properties of the optical fiber 24 sensor enhance its anti-interference capability.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 includes a housing 1 and a vibration sensing mechanism 2, which is disposed inside the housing 1. The vibration sensing mechanism 2 includes a fixed base 21, a vibrating plate 22, a mirror plate 23, and an optical fiber 24. The vibrating plate 22 is connected to the fixed base 21, and a first chamber 21a is formed between the fixed base 21 and the vibrating plate 22. The mirror plate 23 is fixedly connected to the vibrating plate 22 and is located inside the first chamber 21a. The optical fiber 24 passes through the fixed base 21, and the end face of the optical fiber 24 is located inside the first chamber 21a. The end face of the optical fiber 24 faces the mirror plate 23, and the end face of the optical fiber 24 and the mirror plate 23 form a Fabry-Perot cavity.

[0045] In this embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 is horizontally installed in the power equipment, and the vibration effect is vertical vibration. In a preferred embodiment, the vibrating plate 22 includes a connecting part 221 and a vibrating part 222. The connecting part 221 is located on the periphery of the vibrating part 222 and is connected to the vibrating part 222. The connecting part 221 is also connected to the fixed base 21, and the vibrating part 222 is connected to the mirror plate 23. Specifically, the connecting part 221 connects the vibrating part 222 and the fixed base 21, ensuring a relatively independent vibration space for the vibrating part 222 while transmitting vibration, allowing the vibrating part 222 to move flexibly when subjected to external vibration. The vibrating part 222 generates displacement under the action of external vibration, which drives the mirror plate 23 connected to it to move, thereby changing the length of the Fabry-Perot cavity and realizing the conversion from vibration to optical path difference change.

[0046] The specific connection method and positional relationship between the connecting part 221 and the vibrating part 222 are not limited here, as long as the mirror plate 23 on the vibrating part 222 is located within the first chamber 21a through the connecting part 221. In a preferred embodiment, the vibrating part 222 is located at the center of the connecting part 221, such as... Figure 1As shown, the connecting part 221 has a ring-like structure, and the vibrating part 222 has a circular structure. Both are located at the same center. The connecting part 221 and the vibrating part 222 are connected by a... Figure 1 The gap connection shown is achieved by setting a structure similar to a connecting rod in the circumference of the vibration part 222 to connect the vibration part 222 and the connecting part 221.

[0047] With this design, the unique connection part 221 and vibration part 222 structure of the vibrating plate 22 concentrate the vibration in the vibration part 222, reduce the energy loss of the connection part 221, increase the signal amplitude, and improve the sensor's sensitivity and accuracy in sensing vibration; at the same time, the connection part 221 is rigidly fixed to the outer shell 1 and the fixed base 21 to prevent the vibrating plate 22 from dislodging due to severe impact and ensure long-term stability.

[0048] Combination Figures 1 to 3 In a preferred embodiment, the outer casing 1 includes a first casing 11 and a second casing 12. The first casing 11 is connected to the second casing 12, the first casing 11 is connected to the connecting part 221, the first casing 11 is connected to the fixing base 21, and the second casing 12 is connected to the fixing base 21. Specifically, the first casing 11 is connected to the connecting part 221 and the fixing base 21, providing mounting support for the vibrating plate 22 and the fixing base 21; the second casing 12 is connected to the fixing base 21, and the second casing 12 and the first casing 11 cooperate to form an independent space for the vibration sensing mechanism 2 to operate, further protecting the internal components, and providing an installation position for components such as the optical fiber 24. The specific connection method of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 is not limited here; it can be by screwing, snap-fitting, or welding. In a preferred embodiment, using a detachable connection method such as screwing or snap-fitting is beneficial to improving the installation and maintenance efficiency of the optical fiber 24 vibration sensor. This configuration, with the connection design of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, enhances the structural stability of the outer shell 1, better protects internal components such as the vibration sensing mechanism 2, ensures reliable operation of the sensor in complex environments, and reduces the impact of external factors on sensor performance.

[0049] It should be noted that the specific internal structure of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 is not limited here, as long as the vibration sensing mechanism 2 can be fixed during the assembly of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the first housing 11 is provided with a first protrusion 111, which is connected to the connecting part 221, forming a second chamber 11a between the vibrating plate 22 and the first housing 11. Specifically, the connection between the first protrusion 111 and the connecting part 221 serves two purposes: firstly, it positions the connecting part 221, and secondly, it forms the second chamber 11a with the vibrating plate 22, providing space for the vibration of the vibrating plate 22 and preventing direct collision between the vibrating plate 22 and the first housing 11, thus ensuring normal vibration of the vibrating plate 22. Through this arrangement, the design of the first protrusion 111 optimizes the vibration environment of the vibrating plate 22, reduces friction and collision interference during vibration, improves the sensor's accuracy and sensitivity in acquiring vibration signals, and makes the measurement results more accurate and reliable.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the second housing 12 is provided with a second protrusion 121, which is connected to the fixing base 21. A third chamber 12a is formed between the fixing base 21 and the second housing 12, and the optical fiber 24 enters the first chamber 21a along the third chamber 12a. Specifically, the second protrusion 121 is connected to the fixing base 21, which serves to position the fixing base 21. The third chamber 12a is formed between the second protrusion 121 and the fixing base 21, providing a channel for the optical fiber 24 to enter the first chamber 21a, ensuring the accurate installation position of the optical fiber 24, facilitating the transmission of optical signals and the formation of the Fabry-Perot cavity. Through this arrangement, the design of the second protrusion 121 and the third chamber 12a standardizes the installation path of the optical fiber 24, ensuring that the optical fiber 24 is stably located in the Fabry-Perot cavity, improving the assembly accuracy of the optical fiber 24 with other components, and contributing to the improvement of the overall performance and measurement stability of the sensor. It should be noted that, in a preferred embodiment, after the structure inside the third chamber 12a is fixed, filler material can be injected into the third chamber 12a to further improve the overall performance and measurement stability of the sensor.

[0051] Combination Figures 1 to 5In a preferred embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 further includes a ferrule assembly 3 through which the fiber optic cable 24 passes. The ferrule assembly 3 includes a ferrule portion 31 and a ferrule base 32. The ferrule portion 31 is fixedly connected to the ferrule base 32 and passes through a fixing seat 21. The ferrule base 32 is located within the third chamber 12a and abuts against the fixing seat 21. Specifically, the ferrule portion 31 passes through the fixing seat 21 to fix the fiber optic cable 24, ensuring the stable position of the fiber optic cable 24 within the fixing seat 21, so that the end face of the fiber optic cable 24 can accurately face the mirror plate 23, ensuring the normal operation of the Fabry-Perot cavity. The ferrule base 32 is located within the third chamber 12a and abuts against the fixing seat 21, further fixing the ferrule portion 31 and the fiber optic cable 24, providing stable support for the fiber optic cable 24, and preventing displacement of the fiber optic cable 24 during use. With this configuration, the design of the ferrule assembly 3 enhances the stability of the fiber optic cable 24 installation, ensures the relative positional accuracy of the fiber optic cable 24 end face and the mirror plate 23, improves the accuracy of the Fabry-Perot cavity optical path difference measurement, and thus enhances the accuracy and reliability of the sensor for vibration measurement.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 further includes a locking assembly 4, which is sleeved on the fiber optic cable 24. A mounting hole 12b is formed on the second housing 12, and the locking assembly 4 connects to the mounting hole 12b. Specifically, by sleeved on the fiber optic cable 24 and connected to the mounting hole 12b of the second housing 12, the locking assembly 4 secures the fiber optic cable 24 to the second housing 12 through its engagement with the mounting hole 12b, preventing loosening and ensuring the stability of the fiber optic cable 24 during use. This design effectively prevents the fiber optic cable 24 from loosening or shifting due to external forces or other factors, ensuring the stability of optical signal transmission during long-term use and improving the reliability and lifespan of the sensor.

[0053] The specific structure of the locking assembly 4 is not limited here, as long as it can fix the position of the optical fiber 24 when it passes through the second housing 12. In this embodiment, the optical fiber 24 enters the third chamber 12a from the side of the second housing 12. In a preferred embodiment, a first protective part 5 is provided between the optical fiber 24 and the locking assembly 4. The locking assembly 4 includes a locking part 41, which is sleeved on the first protective part 5 and connected to the mounting hole 12b. Specifically, the first protective part 5 is disposed between the optical fiber 24 and the locking assembly 4 to protect the optical fiber 24, prevent the locking assembly 4 from damaging the optical fiber 24, and also reduce the impact of the external environment on the optical fiber 24. The locking part 41 is sleeved on the first protective part 5 and connected to the mounting hole 12b to lock and fix the optical fiber 24, while indirectly protecting the optical fiber 24 through the first protective part 5. With this configuration, the first protective unit 5 further enhances the protection of the optical fiber 24, preventing mechanical damage to the optical fiber 24 during installation and use, ensuring the performance of the optical fiber 24 and the quality of optical signal transmission, thereby improving the reliability and measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 further includes a second protective part 6, and the locking assembly 4 further includes a clamping part 42. The clamping part 42 and the locking part 41 are integrally formed, and the second protective part 6 is sleeved on the clamping part 42, with one end of the second protective part 6 abutting against the locking part 41. Specifically, the clamping part 42 and the locking part 41 are integrally formed and cooperate with the second protective part 6. Preferably, the second protective part 6 is fixed on the clamping part 42 by an interference fit, which enhances the protection of the fiber optic cable exit position and further fixes the fiber optic cable 24 to prevent it from shaking. The second protective part 6 is sleeved on the clamping part 42, with one end abutting against the locking part 41, to protect the fiber optic cable exit position, prevent external factors from interfering with the fiber optic cable exit point, and ensure the stability of the fiber optic cable 24 connection. With this configuration, the design of the clamping part 42 and the second protective part 6 strengthens the protection and fixation of the fiber optic cable 24 outlet position, improves the reliability of the fiber optic cable 24 connection, reduces measurement errors caused by fiber optic cable 24 shaking or external interference, and enhances the overall performance of the sensor.

[0055] It should be noted that the specific structure of the locking assembly 4, the first protective part 5, and the second protective part 6, as well as their specific connection relationship within the fiber optic 24 vibration sensor, are not limited here; the goal is simply to achieve the fixation and protection of the fiber optic 24. (Combined with...) Figures 3 to 5In a preferred embodiment, the locking part 41 includes an integrally formed connecting section 411, a stop block 412, and an extension section 413. The connecting section 411 is connected to the mounting hole 12b, preferably by a threaded connection. The stop block 412 is located outside the mounting hole 12b to ensure the connection effect between the connecting section 411 and the mounting hole 12b and to seal the mounting hole 12b. The extension section 413 is connected to the clamping part 42, and the second protective part 6 is installed through the extension section 413. The second protective part 6 includes a reinforcing section 61 and a protective section 62. The interior of the reinforcing section 61 is adapted to the structure of the extension section 413 and the clamping part 42, and the reinforcing section 61 is sleeved on the extension section 413 and the clamping part 42. At the same time, the inner diameter of the protective section 62 is smaller than that of the reinforcing section 61, so that the protective section 62 is adapted to the first protective part 5, further protecting the output end of the optical fiber 24. The first protective part 5 includes a coating layer 51 and a sheath 52. The coating layer 51 is located in the third chamber 12a. In a preferred case, the operating environment of the optical fiber 24 located in the third chamber 12a is relatively stable. The relatively small coating layer 51 is used to protect the optical fiber 24, thereby improving the structural compactness. The optical fiber 24 located in the locking assembly 4 and the second protective part 6 is more susceptible to damage. The relatively larger sheath 52 with better protection effect is used to protect the optical fiber 24 and ensure the protection effect of the optical fiber 24.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 further includes a mass plate 7, which is fixedly connected to the vibrating plate 22. The mass plate 7 is located on one side of the vibrating plate 22, and the mirror plate 23 is located on the other side of the vibrating plate 22. Specifically, the mass plate 7 is fixedly connected to the vibrating plate 22. By increasing the mass of the vibrating plate 22, its inertia is increased during vibration, allowing the vibrating plate 22 to produce a larger displacement under the same vibration conditions. This increases the change in optical path difference of the Fabry-Perot cavity and improves demodulation accuracy. Through this arrangement, the mass plate 7 effectively increases demodulation accuracy, improves the sensor's ability to detect weak vibration signals, and enables the sensor to monitor vibration more accurately, meeting the application scenarios requiring high vibration measurement accuracy and low-frequency vibration.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] Combination Figure 6 In this embodiment, the fiber optic vibration sensor 24 is vertically installed in the power equipment and is mainly used to detect the lateral vibration of the power equipment. The fiber optic cable 24 extends from the bottom of the second housing 12. Figure 6 The fiber 24 enters the third chamber 12a from the right side. Optionally, the sheath 52 is made of tensile mesh to prevent the fiber 24 from being damaged by tension during operation, further stabilizing the fiber 24 and avoiding measurement errors caused by the movement of the fiber 24. The rest of the structure is the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here.

[0059] It should be noted that the above two embodiments only indicate the structure and installation method of the fiber optic 24 vibration sensor for detecting left-right and up-down vibrations in power equipment. In other optional situations, the installation direction of the fiber optic 24 vibration sensor can be adjusted according to the vibration direction that the power equipment needs to detect, and there is no limitation here.

[0060] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of this utility model and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be included within its protection scope. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A fiber optic (24) vibration sensor, characterized in that, The optical fiber (24) vibration sensor includes: a housing (1) and a vibration sensing mechanism (2), wherein the vibration sensing mechanism (2) is disposed inside the housing (1); The vibration sensing mechanism (2) includes a fixed base (21), a vibrating plate (22), a mirror plate (23), and an optical fiber (24). The vibrating plate (22) is connected to the fixed base (21), and a first chamber (21a) is formed between the fixed base (21) and the vibrating plate (22). The mirror plate (23) is fixedly connected to the vibrating plate (22) and is located in the first chamber (21a). The optical fiber (24) passes through the fixed base (21), and the end face of the optical fiber (24) is located in the first chamber (21a). The end face of the optical fiber (24) faces the mirror plate (23), and the end face of the optical fiber (24) and the mirror plate (23) form a Fabry-Perot cavity.

2. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibrating plate (22) includes a connecting part (221) and a vibrating part (222). The connecting part (221) is located on the periphery of the vibrating part (222). The connecting part (221) is connected to the vibrating part (222). The connecting part (221) is connected to the fixed base (21). The vibrating part (222) is connected to the mirror plate (23).

3. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer shell (1) includes a first shell (11) and a second shell (12). The first shell (11) is connected to the second shell (12). The first shell (11) is connected to the connecting part (221). The first shell (11) is connected to the fixing base (21). The second shell (12) is connected to the fixing base (21).

4. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first housing (11) is provided with a first boss (111), the first boss (111) is connected to the connecting part (221), and a second chamber (11a) is formed between the vibrating plate (22) and the first housing (11).

5. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the second housing (12) is provided with a second boss (121), the second boss (121) is connected to the fixed seat (21), a third chamber (12a) is formed between the fixed seat (21) and the second housing (12), and the optical fiber (24) enters the first chamber (21a) along the third chamber (12a).

6. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The optical fiber (24) vibration sensor also includes a ferrule assembly (3), through which the optical fiber (24) passes. The ferrule assembly (3) includes a ferrule portion (31) and a ferrule base (32). The ferrule portion (31) is fixedly connected to the ferrule base (32). The ferrule portion (31) passes through the fixing seat (21). The ferrule base (32) is located in the third chamber (12a) and abuts against the fixing seat (21).

7. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical fiber (24) vibration sensor also includes a locking assembly (4), which is sleeved on the optical fiber (24). A mounting hole (12b) is formed on the second housing (12), and the locking assembly (4) is connected to the mounting hole (12b).

8. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first protective part (5) is provided between the optical fiber (24) and the locking assembly (4). The locking assembly (4) includes a locking part (41), which is sleeved on the first protective part (5) and connected to the mounting hole (12b).

9. The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor also includes a second protective part (6), and the locking assembly (4) also includes a clamping part (42). The clamping part (42) and the locking part (41) are integrally formed. The second protective part (6) is sleeved on the clamping part (42), and one end of the second protective part (6) abuts against the locking part (41).

10. The optical fiber (24) vibration sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber optic (24) vibration sensor also includes a mass plate (7), which is fixedly connected to the vibration plate (22). The mass plate (7) is located on one side of the vibration plate (22), and the mirror plate (23) is located on the other side of the vibration plate (22).

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