Slide rheostat teaching aid

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching equipment, in particular to a slide rheostat teaching aid, which comprises a slide rheostat model, an external circuit and an internal circuit, and is characterized in that the slide rheostat model comprises a base, a support, a cylinder, a metal rod, an A terminal, a B terminal, a C terminal, a D terminal, a programmable LED lamp strip, a strip-shaped groove plate and a resistance wire; the external circuit comprises a dry battery, a switch and an external wire, the internal circuit comprises a detection module, a control module and a power supply module, and the detection module is electrically connected with the A terminal, the B terminal, the C terminal, the D terminal, the left end of the resistance wire, the right end of the resistance wire and the metal rod through wires. According to the utility model, the resistor part participating in work is displayed through the light emission of the programmable LED lamp strip, so that students can visually see the change of the resistor and the part through which the current passes, and the intuition of the teaching effect is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching equipment technology, specifically to a sliding rheostat teaching aid. Background Technology

[0002] As a key circuit component, the sliding rheostat functions to effectively control the circuit's operation by adjusting its resistance. In educational settings, when teachers attempt to explain the working principle of a sliding rheostat and its correct connection method, relying solely on physical demonstrations often fails to achieve the desired intuitive effect, especially for students in the back rows of the classroom, where detailed observation is particularly difficult.

[0003] Current technology has improved upon this by replacing the traditional resistance wire with a combination of a series of resistor strings and multiple LEDs. These resistor strings and LEDs are arranged alternately in series, with each resistor string consisting of multiple small resistors connected in series, while a metal plate maintains sliding contact with these small resistors. This design allows students to better understand the changes in resistance by observing the direct change in LED brightness with resistance during teaching demonstrations, significantly improving the observation effect and facilitating teaching activities.

[0004] However, this method also has limitations: the number of LEDs is limited, making it impossible to fully demonstrate the working mechanism of the resistance wire and the flow of current within it. Increasing the number of LEDs to enhance the demonstration presents another challenge: ordinary dry-cell batteries cannot provide enough power to drive a large number of LEDs simultaneously. In practical teaching environments, dry-cell batteries are the preferred power source for demonstrating circuit connections due to their intuitiveness. Therefore, how to use dry-cell battery circuits to drive more LEDs without sacrificing the intuitiveness of the power source, thereby achieving a richer and more vivid presentation of teaching content, has become a pressing technical challenge. Utility Model Content

[0005] The problem solved by this utility model is that the limited number of LEDs in the existing technology makes it impossible to fully demonstrate the working mechanism of the resistance wire and the flow of current in it, and the teaching experiment of sliding rheostat is not intuitive enough. Therefore, this utility model provides a teaching tool for sliding rheostat.

[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a sliding rheostat teaching aid, comprising a sliding rheostat model, an external circuit, and an internal circuit.

[0007] The sliding rheostat model includes: a base, a bracket, a cylinder, a metal rod, a slider, terminals A, B, C, and D, a programmable LED strip, a strip plate, and a resistance wire.

[0008] The base is used to support the sliding rheostat and to conceal the internal circuitry.

[0009] Two brackets are provided and installed above the base;

[0010] The cylinder is installed between two supports to simulate the ceramic sleeve of a sliding rheostat;

[0011] The programmable LED light strip is spirally wound around the cylinder;

[0012] The metal rod is installed between two supports, above the cylinder;

[0013] The slider and the metal rod are electrically connected in a sliding manner;

[0014] The strip-shaped groove plate is installed below the metal rod and above the cylinder;

[0015] The resistance wire is placed inside the strip groove plate and is electrically connected to the lower end of the slider in a sliding manner;

[0016] The A terminal is located near the left side of the programmable LED light strip;

[0017] The B terminal is located near the right side of the programmable LED light strip;

[0018] The C terminal is located near the left end of the metal rod;

[0019] The D terminal is located near the right end of the metal rod;

[0020] The external circuit includes a dry cell battery, a switch, and external wires. The external circuit can be connected to any two of terminals A, B, C, and D via external wires.

[0021] The internal circuit includes a detection module, a control module, and a power supply module. The detection module is electrically connected to terminals A, B, C, and D, the left end and right end of the resistance wire, and the metal rod via wires to detect the potentials at these seven points. The control module can control whether the programmable LED strip lights up and the illuminated area based on the potential information at these seven points. The power supply module provides power to the detection module, the control module, and the programmable LED strip. The two ends of the resistance wire are electrically connected to the power supply module.

[0022] Furthermore, the detection module and the wires connected to terminals A, B, C, and D, the left end of the resistance wire, the right end of the resistance wire, and the metal rod are all hidden inside the two brackets.

[0023] Furthermore, the bracket is made of a non-transparent material.

[0024] Furthermore, the length of the resistance wire is consistent with the axial length of the spiral programmable LED light strip, and their horizontal positions are aligned.

[0025] Furthermore, the power module uses a DC power supply.

[0026] Furthermore, the external circuit and the internal circuit are connected to a common ground.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] 1. This utility model uses programmable LED light strips to display the resistive components involved in the operation, allowing students to intuitively see the changes in resistance and the flow of current, thus enhancing the intuitiveness of the teaching effect.

[0029] 2. The slider of this utility model can move left and right on the metal rod to simulate changing the resistance value of the sliding rheostat. Students can operate it by hand, which enhances the interactivity and participation of learning. The external circuit can be flexibly connected to any two terminals through alligator clips, which makes it convenient for students to try different circuit connection methods and increases the flexibility of the experiment.

[0030] 3. This utility model has high safety. It uses dry batteries as the power source for the external circuit, which reduces the risk of electric shock. At the same time, the internal circuit is hidden in the bracket and base of the sliding rheostat, which reduces the chance of students directly contacting the high-power internal circuit and improves safety.

[0031] 4. This utility model has rich display effects. It can not only display the resistors involved in the work by partially lighting up the light strip, but also display the direction of current flow by the flowing effect of the light strip and the magnitude of current by the brightness of the light strip.

[0032] 5. This utility model uses two sets of circuits to overcome the problem that dry batteries cannot light up many LED beads at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sliding rheostat teaching aid according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a circuit connection diagram of a sliding rheostat teaching aid according to the present invention.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 100 Sliding rheostat model; 101 Base; 102 Bracket; 103 Cylinder; 104 Metal rod; 105 Slider; 106 Programmable LED strip; 107 Strip plate; 108 Resistance wire; 109 Terminal A; 110 Terminal B; 111 Terminal C; 112 Terminal D;

[0037] 200 External circuit; 201 Battery; 202 Switch; 203 External wires;

[0038] 300 Internal circuit; 301 Detection module; 302 Control module; 303 Power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a sliding rheostat teaching aid includes a sliding rheostat model 100, an external circuit 200, and an internal circuit 300.

[0041] The sliding rheostat model 100 includes: a base 101, a bracket 102, a cylinder 103, a metal rod 104, a slider 105, an A terminal 109, a B terminal 110, a C terminal 111, a D terminal 112, a programmable LED strip 106, a strip groove plate 107, and a resistance wire 108.

[0042] The base 101 is used to support the sliding rheostat and to hide the internal circuit 300. In this solution, a black plastic shell is used and the bottom plate can be opened to facilitate the configuration of the internal circuit 300.

[0043] Two brackets 102 are provided and installed above the base 101 to support the cylinder 103;

[0044] The cylinder 103 is installed between the two supports 102 to simulate the ceramic sleeve of the sliding rheostat.

[0045] The programmable LED light strip 106 is spirally wound on the cylinder 103. The programmable LED light strip 106 is equipped with a built-in chip WS2812B and a 3P interface, including a control signal, a 12V, and a GND-. There are mature STM microcontroller-driven lighting effect programs for WS2812B in the prior art, and various lighting effects can be perfectly realized through programming.

[0046] The metal rod 104 is installed between the two supports 102 and is located above the cylinder 103;

[0047] The slider 105 and the metal rod 104 are electrically connected in a sliding manner. The slider 105 includes an outer housing and an inner conductor for connection. The top of the conductor portion is in contact with the metal rod 104.

[0048] The strip-shaped groove plate 107 is installed below the metal rod 104 and above the cylinder 103, for placing the resistance wire 108 and limiting the slider 105.

[0049] The resistance wire 108 is placed inside the strip groove plate 107 and is electrically connected to the lower end of the conductor portion of the slider 105 in a sliding manner.

[0050] The A terminal 109 is located near the left side of the programmable LED strip 106, and the two are not actually connected.

[0051] The B terminal 110 is located near the right side of the programmable LED strip 106, and the two are not actually connected.

[0052] The C terminal 111 is located near the left end of the metal rod 104, and the two are not actually connected.

[0053] The D terminal 112 is located near the right end of the metal rod 104, and the two are not actually connected.

[0054] The external circuit 200 includes a dry cell battery 201, a switch 202, and external wires 203. The external circuit 200 can be connected to any two ends of terminal A 109, terminal B 110, terminal C 111, and terminal D 112 via external wires 203. This solution uses three AA batteries 201. The switch 202 is a single-pole switch 202, connected in series via external wires 203. The external wires 203 also include two external wires 203 with alligator clips. The alligator clips can be arbitrarily clamped onto terminal A 109, terminal B 110, terminal C 111, terminal D 112, the battery box 201, or the single-pole switch 202, and the clamping position can be flexibly adjusted. The external circuit 200 uses dry cell batteries 201, which has a higher intuitiveness.

[0055] The internal circuit 300 includes a detection module 301, a control module 302, and a power supply module 303. The detection module 301 is electrically connected to terminal A 109, terminal B 110, terminal C 111, terminal D 112, the left end and right end of the resistance wire 108, and the metal rod 104 via wires, and is used to detect the above seven potentials. The control module 302 can control whether the programmable LED strip 106 is lit and the lit area according to the seven potential information. The power supply module 303 is used to provide power to the detection module 301, the control module 302, and the programmable LED strip 106. The two ends of the resistance wire 108 are electrically connected to the power supply module 303.

[0056] The detection module 301 detects the four potentials at terminals A (109), B (110), C (111), and D (112) to determine whether they are 0V, 4.5V, or conductive, thus judging the positive and negative connection status of the external circuit 200. The detection module 301 also detects the potentials at the left and right ends of the resistance wire 108 and the metal rod 104. The control module 302 determines the relative position of the slider 105 on the metal rod and ultimately sends control information to the programmable LED strip 106, causing it to emit corresponding lighting effects. Specifically:

[0057] If the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are connected to terminal A 109 and terminal B 110, that is, one of terminal A 109 and terminal B 110 is 4.5V and the other is 0V, then all programmable LED strips 106 will be lit.

[0058] If the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are connected to terminal A 109 and terminal C 111 or terminal A 109 and terminal D 112, that is, terminal A 109 is 4.5V / 0V, and one of terminal C 111 or terminal D 112 is 0V / 4.5V, then the left side of the programmable LED strip 106 will be partially lit, and the lit area is from the leftmost end of the programmable LED strip 106 to the position of the slider 105.

[0059] If the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are connected to terminal B 110 and terminal C 111 or terminal B 110 and terminal D 112, that is, terminal B 110 is 4.5V / 0V, and one of terminal C 111 or terminal D 112 is 0V / 4.5V, then the right side of the programmable LED strip 106 will be partially lit, and the lit area is from the rightmost end of the programmable LED strip 106 to the position of the slider 105.

[0060] If the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are connected to terminal C 111 and terminal D 112, that is, one of terminal C 111 and terminal D 112 is 4.5V and the other is 0V, or if the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are not connected to any two of terminal A 109, terminal B 110, terminal C 111, and terminal D 112, or if the external circuit 200 is disconnected in the middle, that is, if 4.5V and 0V are not detected at the same time, then the programmable LED strip 106 will not light up.

[0061] In practical applications, when the programmable LED strip 106 is partially lit, the lit area of ​​the programmable LED strip 106 is determined by the following calculation method:

[0062] If the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are connected to terminal A 109 and terminal C 111 or terminal A 109 and terminal D 112, then the left side of the programmable LED strip 106 will be partially lit, and the lit area will be the n*(v3-v1) / (v2-v1) programmable segments of the programmable LED strip 106 lit from the left end.

[0063] If the positive and negative terminals of the external circuit 200 are connected to terminal B 110 and terminal C 111 or terminal B 110 and terminal D 112, then the right side of the programmable LED strip 106 will be partially lit, and the lit area will be the n*(v2-v3) / (v2-v1) programmable segments of the programmable LED strip 106 starting from the left end.

[0064] Where v1 is the potential at the left end of the detection resistor 108, v2 is the potential at the right end of the detection resistor 108, v3 is the potential at the metal rod 104, and n is the total number of programmable segments in the programmable LED strip 106.

[0065] Using the above method, the position percentage of the slider 105 relative to the metal rod can be obtained by the ratio of three potential difference values, and the programmable segment of the ratio value is displayed to ensure the accuracy of the experimental demonstration.

[0066] In practical applications, the brightness of the programmable LED strip 106 is achieved by the following method when it is lit:

[0067] The control module 302 controls the brightness of the programmable LED strip 106 based on the number of lit programmable segments. The more programmable segments lit, the lower the brightness of the programmable LED strip 106, and vice versa. This is used to demonstrate the experimental effect of higher resistance and lower current. In this solution, the PWM working mechanism can be used to adjust the time ratio of high and low levels within one cycle, i.e., the duty cycle, to change the average voltage. The higher the duty cycle, the higher the average voltage, and vice versa, thus changing the brightness of the programmable LED strip 106.

[0068] In practical applications, when the programmable LED strip 106 is lit, the control module 302 controls the programmable LED strip 106 to display a flowing effect. The flow direction is from the positive terminal of the external circuit 200 to the negative terminal of the external circuit 200, which can more intuitively show the direction of current flow.

[0069] In practical applications, the detection module 301 and the wires connected to terminals A 109, B 110, C 111, D 112, the left end of resistance wire 108, the right end of resistance wire 108, and the metal rod 104 are all hidden inside the two brackets 102, making it more aesthetically pleasing.

[0070] In practical applications, the bracket 102 is made of a non-transparent material, which makes it easier to hide the wires.

[0071] In practical applications, the length of the resistance wire 108 is consistent with the axial length of the spiral programmable LED strip 106, and their horizontal positions are aligned. Since the length of the resistance wire is consistent with the axial length of the spiral programmable LED strip 106, and their horizontal positions are aligned, it can be ensured that the lit edge position of the programmable LED strip 106 is always consistent with the position of the slider 105, and there will be no misalignment, thus ensuring the accuracy of the experimental demonstration.

[0072] In practical applications, the power module 303 uses DC power, with an input of 220V AC power and an output of 12V DC power. Low-voltage power is safer, and 12V DC power is relatively easy to obtain.

[0073] In practical applications, the external circuit 200 and the internal circuit 300 are connected to a common ground, mainly to establish a common potential reference point for the accuracy of multiple potential detection results. The negative terminal of the dry cell 201 and the negative terminal of the power module 303 are connected to a common ground.

[0074] In summary, the sliding rheostat teaching aid described in this utility model uses programmable LED strip 106 to illuminate and display the resistive part involved in the operation, allowing students to intuitively see the changes in resistance and the flow of current, thus enhancing the intuitiveness of the teaching effect.

[0075] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the content of this utility model. They should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A teaching aid for a sliding rheostat, characterized in that: It includes a sliding rheostat model (100), an external circuit (200), and an internal circuit (300). The sliding rheostat model (100) includes: a base (101), a bracket (102), a cylinder (103), a metal rod (104), a slider (105), a programmable LED strip (106), a strip plate (107), a resistance wire (108), a terminal A (109), a terminal B (110), a terminal C (111), and a terminal D (112). The base (101) is used to support the sliding rheostat and to hide the internal circuit (300). Two brackets (102) are provided and installed above the base (101); The cylinder (103) is installed between two supports (102) to simulate the ceramic sleeve of a sliding rheostat; The programmable LED light strip (106) is spirally wound on the cylinder (103); The metal rod (104) is installed between two supports (102) and above the cylinder (103); The slider (105) and the metal rod (104) are electrically connected in a sliding manner; The strip-shaped groove plate (107) is installed below the metal rod (104) and above the cylinder (103); The resistance wire (108) is placed inside the strip groove plate (107) and is electrically connected to the lower end of the slider (105) in a sliding manner; The A terminal (109) is located near the left side of the programmable LED light strip (106); The B terminal (110) is located near the right side of the programmable LED light strip (106); The C terminal (111) is located near the left end of the metal rod (104); The D terminal (112) is located near the right end of the metal rod (104); The external circuit (200) includes a dry cell battery (201), a switch (202), and an external wire (203). The external circuit (200) can be connected to any two of the following terminals via the external wire (203): terminal A (109), terminal B (110), terminal C (111), and terminal D (112). The internal circuit (300) includes a detection module (301), a control module (302), and a power supply module (303). The detection module (301) is electrically connected to terminal A (109), terminal B (110), terminal C (111), terminal D (112), the left end of the resistance wire (108), the right end of the resistance wire (108), and the metal rod (104) via wires, and is used to detect the above seven potentials. The control module (302) can control whether the programmable LED light strip (106) is lit and the lit area according to the seven potential information. The power supply module (303) is used to provide power to the detection module (301), the control module (302), and the programmable LED light strip (106). The two ends of the resistance wire (108) are electrically connected to the power supply module (303).

2. The sliding rheostat teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection module (301) and the wires connected to terminals A (109), B (110), C (111), D (112), the left end of the resistance wire (108), the right end of the resistance wire (108), and the metal rod (104) are all hidden inside the two brackets (102).

3. The sliding rheostat teaching aid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bracket (102) is made of a non-transparent material.

4. The sliding rheostat teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the resistance wire (108) is the same as the axial length of the spiral programmable LED strip (106), and they are horizontally aligned.

5. A sliding rheostat teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module (303) uses a DC power supply.

6. The sliding rheostat teaching aid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external circuit (200) and the internal circuit (300) are connected to a common ground.

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