Energy storage box and energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage box and an energy storage system. The utility model aims to solve the problem that the control capability of a power module on a battery pack is insufficient. The embodiment of the utility model provides an energy storage box which comprises a box body and at least one energy storage module, a containing cavity is defined by the box body, the energy storage module is arranged in the containing cavity, the energy storage module comprises at least two battery clusters and at least two power modules, the at least two battery clusters are arranged in a stacked mode, each battery cluster comprises a plurality of battery packs, and the at least two power modules are arranged in the containing cavity. The at least two battery clusters and the at least two power modules are in one-to-one correspondence, and each battery cluster is electrically connected with the corresponding power module. The at least two power modules are in one-to-one correspondence with the at least two battery clusters, and each battery cluster is electrically connected with the corresponding power module. The number of the power modules is increased, so that the number of the battery clusters needing to be controlled by each power module is reduced, and the control capability of each power module on the battery clusters is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to an energy storage box and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Energy storage systems typically consist of multiple storage tanks, each containing a liquid-cooled chiller, a battery pack, and a power module. The power module connects to the battery pack, controlling it and transmitting current outside the storage tank. However, within the storage tank, one row of battery packs corresponds to one power module, which can easily lead to insufficient control capability of the power module over the battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, specifically to an energy storage box and energy storage system, which can improve the power module's control capability over the battery pack.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an energy storage box, including a box body and at least one energy storage module. The box body is arranged to form a cavity, and the energy storage module is disposed in the cavity. The energy storage module includes at least two battery clusters and at least two power modules. The at least two battery clusters are stacked, and each battery cluster includes multiple battery packs. The at least two battery clusters and at least two power modules correspond one-to-one, and each battery cluster is electrically connected to the corresponding power module.

[0005] At least two power modules correspond one-to-one with at least two battery clusters, and each battery cluster is electrically connected to its corresponding power module. Increasing the number of power modules reduces the number of battery clusters that each power module needs to control, thereby improving the control capability of each power module over its battery clusters.

[0006] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, at least two power modules are spaced apart at the bottom of the energy storage module.

[0007] Positioning at least two power modules at the bottom of the battery cluster reduces wiring complexity between the power modules and the battery cluster, facilitating zoned management of both. It also makes connecting the power modules to external devices easier.

[0008] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the bottom of the housing is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole, the cable of the first power module passes through the first through hole to connect to the external device, and the cable of the second power module passes through the second through hole to connect to the external device.

[0009] The power module is located at the bottom of the battery cluster. Cables can be directly connected to external devices through the through holes at the bottom of the enclosure. This saves space inside the energy storage box, avoids the need for additional maintenance cables on the box door, reduces the manufacturing difficulty of the energy storage box, and shortens the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes, thereby increasing the footprint density of the energy storage system.

[0010] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the charge / discharge rate of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.5C.

[0011] The energy storage box provided in this application embodiment can also be used in high-rate scenarios, and the application scenarios of the energy storage box are more extensive.

[0012] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the number of battery clusters is two, the number of power modules is two, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the battery clusters and the power modules. Each battery cluster includes four battery packs. The number of energy storage modules is multiple, and the multiple energy storage modules are arranged along the length of the housing.

[0013] Each battery cluster corresponds to a power module, with each battery cluster controlled by a single power module, ensuring the power module's control over the battery cluster. Multiple energy storage modules are arranged along the length of the enclosure. The more energy storage modules there are, the larger the capacity of the energy storage enclosure. The capacity of the energy storage enclosure can be controlled by adjusting the number of energy storage modules.

[0014] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the battery cluster includes a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster. The battery packs within the first battery cluster are connected in series, the battery packs within the second battery cluster are connected in series, and the first and second battery clusters are connected in parallel. The power module includes a first power module and a second power module. The first power module is electrically connected to the first battery cluster, and the second power module is electrically connected to the second battery cluster.

[0015] Connecting the battery packs in the first battery cluster in series, and connecting the battery packs in the second battery cluster in series, can increase the total voltage of the first and second battery clusters. Connecting the first and second battery clusters in parallel can increase the capacity and current output capability of the energy storage tank.

[0016] The power module includes a first power module and a second power module. The first power module is electrically connected to a first battery cluster, and the second power module is electrically connected to a second battery cluster. The first power module can control the first battery cluster, and the second power module can control the second battery cluster. This allows the power module to manage the battery clusters separately, reducing the control complexity of the power module and improving its control capability over the battery clusters.

[0017] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the enclosure includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall disposed opposite to each other in the width direction of the enclosure, and a top wall and a bottom wall disposed opposite to each other in the height direction of the enclosure. The top wall is connected to the top of the first sidewall and the top of the second sidewall, respectively, and the bottom wall is connected to the bottom of the first sidewall and the bottom of the second sidewall, respectively. The first power module is disposed near the first sidewall, and the second power module is disposed near the second sidewall.

[0018] The enclosure also includes a first door and a second door. The first door is located on the first side wall and faces the energy storage module. The second door is located on the second side wall and faces the second power module.

[0019] The first door allows for the inspection and maintenance of the battery pack, as well as the insertion and removal of the battery pack and power module. The second door corresponds to the second power module, allowing for its inspection and maintenance.

[0020] Meanwhile, the second enclosure door faces the second power module and is used for maintenance of the second power module. Therefore, the area of ​​the second enclosure door is relatively small. When the energy storage system includes multiple energy storage boxes spaced apart along the width of the box body, the opening and closing of the second enclosure door has little impact on the spacing between adjacent energy storage boxes, thereby reducing the footprint of the energy storage system and increasing its floor space density.

[0021] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the energy storage module further includes a liquid cooling unit, which is disposed on top of the battery cluster and communicates with the battery pack for cooling the battery pack. The liquid cooling unit includes a first air inlet and an air outlet, with the first air inlet disposed on a first side wall and the air outlet disposed on a top wall.

[0022] The first air inlet is located on the first side wall, and the air outlet is located on the top wall. This allows for heat exchange between the outside air and the liquid cooling unit, enabling the liquid cooling unit to continuously supply coolant to the battery pack, thus ensuring continuous heat dissipation. The air outlet's location on the top wall prevents the hot air exiting the liquid cooling unit from affecting the heat dissipation of other equipment near the energy storage tank.

[0023] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the liquid cooling unit further includes a second air inlet, which is disposed on the second side wall.

[0024] The second air inlet is positioned opposite the first air inlet along the width of the housing. This promotes symmetrical airflow within the liquid-cooled unit, reduces dead zones in local airflow, and ensures more uniform distribution of cool air, thereby improving the heat dissipation rate of the liquid-cooled unit. Simultaneously, increasing the number of air inlets increases the heat exchange area between the liquid-cooled unit and the outside air, further enhancing the heat exchange rate and thus improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack.

[0025] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the liquid cooling unit includes a first refrigeration unit, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a first fan. The first refrigeration unit is located at a first air inlet and is connected to the battery pack for cooling the battery pack. The first and second heat exchangers are spaced apart along the width of the housing, with both the first and second heat exchangers forming an angle with the top wall. The air inlet surface of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first air inlet, and the air inlet surface of the second heat exchanger is connected to the second air inlet. The air inlet of the first fan is connected to the air outlet surfaces of both the first and second heat exchangers, and the air outlet of the first fan is connected to the air outlet.

[0026] The first refrigeration unit is located at the first air inlet, which shortens the connection distance between the first refrigeration unit and the battery pack, reducing the difficulty of connecting them. The first and second heat exchangers are spaced apart along the width of the housing, providing ample space for airflow and ensuring sufficient heat exchange between the air and both heat exchangers, thus guaranteeing the heat dissipation rate of the liquid-cooled unit. The first and second heat exchangers are angled to the top wall, increasing the fluid velocity within the heat exchangers, guiding uniform fluid distribution, reducing localized low-velocity areas, and ensuring the heat exchange rate of both heat exchangers.

[0027] The air inlet surface of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first air inlet, and the air inlet surface of the second heat exchanger is connected to the second air inlet. This allows for full utilization of the air within the liquid-cooled unit, increasing the heat exchange area between the heat exchangers and the air, thereby improving the cooling rate of the refrigerant and ultimately enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the liquid-cooled unit. The first fan promotes airflow, enabling air to enter through either the first or second air inlet, pass through either the first or second heat exchanger, and finally return to the outside through the air outlet. This prevents hot air from affecting the heat exchange inside the liquid-cooled unit, thus improving its heat dissipation performance.

[0028] In some embodiments that may include the above embodiments, the liquid cooling unit further includes a third air inlet, which is disposed on the top wall and is spaced apart from the air outlet.

[0029] The third air inlet is located on the top wall. Increasing the number of air inlets can increase the heat exchange area between the liquid cooler and the outside air, improve the heat exchange rate between the liquid cooler and the outside air, and thus improve the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack.

[0030] In some embodiments that may include the above-described embodiments, the liquid cooling unit includes a second refrigeration unit, a third heat exchanger, and a second fan. The second refrigeration unit is located at the first air inlet and is connected to the battery pack for cooling the battery pack. The third heat exchanger is spaced apart from the second refrigeration unit along the width of the housing and is angled to the top wall. The air inlet surface of the third heat exchanger is connected to both the first and third air inlets, and the air outlet of the second fan is connected to the air outlet.

[0031] The second refrigeration unit is located at the first air inlet, which shortens the connection distance between the second refrigeration unit and the battery pack, reducing the difficulty of connecting them. The third heat exchanger is spaced apart from the second refrigeration unit along the width of the casing, providing ample space for airflow and ensuring sufficient heat exchange between the air and the third heat exchanger, thereby guaranteeing the heat dissipation rate of the liquid-cooled unit. The third heat exchanger is angled to the top wall, increasing the fluid velocity within it, guiding the fluid to distribute evenly, reducing localized low-velocity areas, and ensuring the heat exchange rate of the third heat exchanger.

[0032] The air inlet surface of the third heat exchanger is connected to both the first and third air inlets, allowing for full utilization of the air within the liquid-cooled unit. This increases the heat exchange area between the heat exchanger and the air, thereby improving the cooling rate of the refrigerant and ultimately enhancing the heat dissipation effect of the liquid-cooled unit. The second fan promotes airflow, ensuring that air enters from either the first or third air inlet, passes through the third heat exchanger, and finally returns to the outside through the outlet. This prevents hot air from interfering with heat exchange within the liquid-cooled unit, further improving its heat dissipation performance.

[0033] Secondly, this application provides an energy storage system including multiple energy storage boxes as described above. The multiple energy storage boxes are spaced apart along the length direction of the box body and spaced apart along the width direction of the box body. In the width direction of the box body, the second doors of two adjacent energy storage boxes are arranged opposite each other.

[0034] The energy storage system provided in this application includes the energy storage box in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, both can solve the same technical problem and achieve the same technical effect. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application, including two energy storage modules;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application, including three energy storage modules;

[0039] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application, including four energy storage modules;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application, comprising five energy storage modules;

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application, comprising six energy storage modules;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 for Figure 2 Sectional view along axis AA;

[0044] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the energy storage box provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0046] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid-cooled unit provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the liquid-cooled unit provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 3 ;

[0049] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 4 .

[0050] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0051] 10: Energy storage system; 20: Energy storage box; 21: Box body; 211: Receptacle; 22: Energy storage module; 23: Battery cluster; 231: First battery cluster; 232: Second battery cluster; 24: Power module; 241: First power module; 242: Second power module; 25: Battery pack; 26: Liquid cooling unit; 27: Bracket; 31: First side wall; 32: Second side wall; 33: Top wall; 34: Bottom wall; 41: First box door; 42: Second box door; 43: First through hole; 44: Second through hole; 45: Third box door; 51: First air inlet; 52: Second air inlet; 53: Air outlet; 54: Third air inlet; 61: First refrigeration unit; 62: First heat exchanger; 63: Second heat exchanger; 64: First fan; 65: Second refrigeration unit; 66: Third heat exchanger; 67: Second fan; 68: Electrical distribution compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] Hereinafter, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0054] Furthermore, in the embodiments of this application, directional terms such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "horizontal," and "vertical" are defined relative to the orientation of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection or an integral connection; they can also refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1This application provides an energy storage system 10, including multiple energy storage boxes 20 spaced apart. By adjusting the number of energy storage boxes 20, the capacity of the energy storage system 10 can be changed to adapt to different energy storage scenarios. It is understood that when the capacity of the energy storage system 10 is small, it can be used in small factories, commercial parks, campuses, charging stations, etc. The energy storage system 10 can serve as a backup power source to assist in power supply. For example, in an embodiment where the energy storage system 10 is used in a charging station, the energy storage system 10 can release stored electrical energy during peak electricity consumption periods to meet the charging needs of the charging station, thereby significantly reducing electricity costs and avoiding power instability caused by excessive grid load.

[0057] When the energy storage system 10 has a large capacity, it can be used in microgrids, wind power generation scenarios, photovoltaic power generation scenarios, etc. In embodiments where the energy storage system 10 is used for wind and solar energy storage, the energy storage system 10 can utilize wind and solar energy for charging, serving as a backup power source. It provides power support during power shortages or interruptions, ensuring the normal operation of critical equipment. Simultaneously, because the energy storage system 10 can store electrical energy, it can be used in geographically remote areas, areas with harsh climates, and areas with unstable power grids, improving the stability and reliability of power supply in these areas.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2 The energy storage box 20 provided in this application embodiment includes a box body 21 and at least one energy storage module 22, with the box body 21 forming a receiving cavity 211. This application embodiment does not limit the box body 21; for example, the box body 21 can be a shipping container. In embodiments where the box body 21 is a shipping container, when multiple energy storage boxes 20 are included, the containers can be stacked for transport, improving the transport speed and space utilization of the energy storage boxes 20.

[0059] The energy storage module 22 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 211. The energy storage module 22 includes at least two battery clusters 23 and two power modules 24. The at least two battery clusters 23 are stacked. Each battery cluster 23 includes multiple battery packs 25.

[0060] Here, battery pack 25 refers to a battery system that combines multiple battery cells in a certain configuration and connection method. This application embodiment does not limit the type of battery cell; for example, the battery cell can be a sodium-ion battery, a lithium-ion battery, a lead-acid battery, etc.

[0061] The embodiments of this application do not limit the size of the battery pack 25. The larger the volume of the battery pack 25, the more battery cells it contains, and the larger the capacity of the battery pack 25.

[0062] For example, the length of the battery pack 25 along the width direction y of the housing 21 can be 1.7m-2.3m, such as 1.7m, 1.9m, 2m, 2.2m, or 2.3m. It is understood that, for the same cross-sectional area, the longer the battery pack 25 is along the width direction y of the housing 21, the larger its capacity.

[0063] Because the energy storage box 20 has a relatively large casing 21 and the battery pack 25 is also relatively long, they can be well-fitted into the energy storage box 20 without increasing the number of battery packs 25 to improve the space utilization of the energy storage box 20. Compared to using multiple battery packs 25 to meet the length of the casing 21, the longer battery pack 25 can reduce the number of battery packs 25, lower the wiring density between the battery pack 25 and the power module 24, and reduce the maintenance difficulty of the battery pack 25.

[0064] Compared to individual battery cells, the battery pack 25 can provide higher voltage, capacity, or power output to meet the needs of specific applications. The battery pack 25 also includes a cooling device. This embodiment does not limit the cooling device; for example, it can be a liquid cooling device or an air cooling device.

[0065] In an embodiment where the cooling device is a liquid cooling device, a liquid cooling plate filled with coolant can be installed inside the battery pack 25 to cool the battery pack 25. In an embodiment where the cooling device is an air cooling device, a fan can be installed inside the battery pack 25 to allow air that has absorbed heat from the battery to flow outside the battery pack 25, while cool air enters the battery pack 25 to continue absorbing heat from the battery.

[0066] Stacking arrangement refers to at least one battery pack 25 being spaced apart along the height direction z of the housing. In some embodiments, a fixing frame is provided inside the housing 21, the fixing frame including a plurality of fixing plates spaced apart along the height direction z of the housing 21, with each battery pack 25 corresponding to a fixing plate, and one battery pack 25 being mounted on one fixing plate. The number of battery packs 25 can be adjusted by inserting and removing the battery packs 25.

[0067] In embodiments where the battery cluster 23 includes multiple battery packs 25, the present application does not limit the connection method between the multiple battery packs 25. A suitable connection method can be selected according to the actual situation. For example, the multiple battery packs 25 in a battery cluster 23 can be connected in series or in parallel.

[0068] In an embodiment where multiple battery packs 25 are connected in series, the negative terminal of one battery pack 25 is connected to the positive terminal of the next adjacent battery pack 25, forming a battery string. Connecting multiple battery packs 25 in series can significantly increase the total voltage of the battery cluster 23.

[0069] In an embodiment where multiple battery packs 25 are connected in parallel, the positive terminals of the multiple battery packs 25 are connected together, and the negative terminals of the multiple battery packs 25 are connected together, so that the multiple battery packs 25 together provide current to the load. Connecting multiple battery packs 25 in parallel can significantly improve the total capacity and current output capability of the battery cluster 23.

[0070] Typically, the capacity of a single battery pack 25 is fixed. By adjusting the number of battery packs 25, the capacity of the battery cluster 23 can be adjusted, thereby changing the capacity of the energy storage module 22. Multiple energy storage modules 22 can also be installed inside the energy storage box 20, spaced apart along the length x-axis of the box body 21. These multiple energy storage modules 22 collectively supply power to the load. It is understandable that the more energy storage modules 22 there are, the greater the total capacity and current output capability of the energy storage box 20.

[0071] For example, in embodiments where the energy storage system 10 is used in small factories, commercial parks, campuses, charging stations, etc., the energy storage box 20 may contain 1-3 energy storage modules 22 (e.g., Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 (as shown), Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the energy storage box 20, which includes one energy storage module 22. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energy storage box 20, which includes two energy storage modules 22. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the energy storage box 20, which includes three energy storage modules 22.

[0072] In embodiments where the energy storage system 10 is used in microgrids, wind power generation scenarios, photovoltaic power generation scenarios, etc., the energy storage box 20 may contain 4-6 energy storage modules 22 (e.g., Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 (as shown), Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the energy storage box 20, which includes four energy storage modules 22. Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the energy storage box 20, which includes 5 energy storage modules 22. Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the energy storage box 20, which includes 6 energy storage modules 22.

[0073] It is understandable that the more energy storage modules 22 are in the energy storage box 20, the larger the volume of the box 21 will be. For example, in an embodiment where the energy storage box 20 includes 6 energy storage modules 22, the box 21 can be a 20-foot (6.096 m × 2.438 m × 2.591 m) container.

[0074] Continue to refer to Figure 2At least two battery clusters 23 and at least two power modules 24 are associated one-to-one, with each battery cluster 23 electrically connected to its corresponding power module 24. Each power module 24 includes a Battery Control Unit (BCU), a switch, and an auxiliary power board. The power module 24 also includes a circuit board on which the BCU, switch, and auxiliary power board are mounted. The BCU can be connected to voltage and temperature sensors in each battery pack 25 via acquisition lines, thereby monitoring and managing the status of the battery pack 25, such as voltage, temperature, and remaining state of charge (SOC).

[0075] The switch and BCU can be connected via digital signal lines. The BCU can transmit control signals to the switch, and the switch can receive and respond to these signals, controlling the on / off state of the battery pack 25. The auxiliary power board is electrically connected to the battery pack 25. The auxiliary power board can adjust the output power of the battery pack 25 to facilitate power supply to the load. Since the voltage of the battery pack 25 is prone to fluctuations during charging and discharging, the auxiliary power board can stabilize the output voltage of the battery pack 25, improving its output stability. Simultaneously, the auxiliary power board can reduce high-frequency noise interference with the control signals, enhancing system stability.

[0076] The power module 24 may also include a power conversion system (PCS), which can convert the direct current output from the battery pack 25 into alternating current to power the load. The PCS can also convert alternating current from the grid or renewable energy sources (such as wind power) into direct current to charge the battery pack 25.

[0077] At least two power modules 24 correspond one-to-one with at least two battery clusters 23, and each battery cluster 23 is electrically connected to its corresponding power module 24. Increasing the number of power modules 24 reduces the number of battery clusters 23 that each power module 24 needs to control, thereby improving the control capability of each power module 24 over the battery clusters 23.

[0078] This application does not limit the number of battery packs 25 included in each battery cluster 23. For example, in some embodiments, each battery cluster 23 includes the same number of battery packs 25; in other embodiments, each battery cluster 23 includes a different number of battery packs 25. For example, in an embodiment where there are two battery clusters 23, one battery cluster 23 may include three battery packs 25, and the other battery cluster 23 may include three battery packs 25. Alternatively, one battery cluster 23 may include three battery packs 25, and the other battery cluster 23 may include four battery packs 25.

[0079] The number of battery clusters 23 and battery packs 25 affects the capacity of the energy storage box 20. Understandably, the more battery clusters 23 and battery packs 25 there are, the larger the capacity of the energy storage box 20, but the larger its volume will also be. The more battery clusters 23 and battery packs 25 there are, the more data the power module 24 needs to monitor. Therefore, the number of power modules 24 can be adjusted according to the number of battery clusters 23 and battery packs 25 to maintain the power module 24's control over the battery clusters 23.

[0080] Continue to refer to Figure 2 In the above embodiment, at least two power modules 24 are spaced apart at the bottom of the battery cluster 23.

[0081] The power module 24 is located at the bottom of the battery cluster 23. In the height direction z of the housing 21, the power module 24 is positioned on the side of the battery cluster 23 near the bottom wall of the housing 21. In embodiments where a mounting bracket is provided inside the housing 21, the power module 24 is located between the mounting bracket and the bottom wall of the housing 21.

[0082] The power module 24 is located at the bottom of the battery cluster 23, which simplifies the wiring between the power module 24 and the battery cluster 23 and facilitates the partitioned management of the battery cluster 23 and the power module 24. At the same time, it makes it easier to connect the power module 24 to external devices.

[0083] In some embodiments, the charge / discharge rate of the battery pack 25 is greater than or equal to 0.5C. That is to say, the energy storage box 20 provided in this application embodiment can also be used in high-rate scenarios, and the application scenarios of the energy storage box 20 are more extensive.

[0084] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, there are two battery clusters 23 and two power modules 24, with a one-to-one correspondence between the battery clusters 23 and the power modules 24. Each battery cluster 23 includes four battery packs 25. There are multiple energy storage modules 22, which are arranged along the length x of the housing 21.

[0085] Each battery cluster 23 corresponds to a power module 24, with each battery cluster 23 controlled by a power module 24, ensuring the power module 24's control over the battery cluster 23. Multiple energy storage modules 22 are arranged along the length x of the housing 21. The more energy storage modules 22 there are, the larger the capacity of the energy storage box 20. The capacity of the energy storage box 20 can be controlled by adjusting the number of energy storage modules 22.

[0086] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the battery cluster 23 includes a first battery cluster 231 and a second battery cluster 232. Each battery pack 25 in the first battery cluster 231 is connected in series, each battery pack 25 in the second battery cluster 232 is connected in series, and the first battery cluster 231 and the second battery cluster 232 are connected in parallel.

[0087] The battery packs 25 in the first battery cluster 231 are connected in series, and the battery packs 25 in the second battery cluster 232 are also connected in series, which can increase the total voltage of the first battery cluster 231 and the second battery cluster 232. The first battery cluster 231 and the second battery cluster 232 are connected in parallel, which can increase the capacity and current output capability of the energy storage box 20.

[0088] The power module 24 includes a first power module 241 and a second power module 242. The first power module 241 is electrically connected to the first battery cluster 231, and the second power module 242 is electrically connected to the second battery cluster 232. The first power module 241 can control the first battery cluster 231, and the second power module 242 can control the second battery cluster 232. This allows the power module 24 to manage the battery clusters 23 separately, reducing the control difficulty of the power module 24 and improving its control capability over the battery clusters 23.

[0089] This application embodiment does not limit the positions of the first power module 241 and the second power module 242. For example, the first power module 241 can be disposed near the top of the energy storage box 20, and the second power module 242 can be disposed near the bottom of the energy storage box 20. Alternatively, the first power module 241 can be disposed near the bottom of the energy storage box 20, and the second power module 242 can be disposed near the top of the energy storage box 20.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, the energy storage box 20 further includes a bracket 27, on which the first power module 241 and the second power module 242 are spaced apart. The bracket 27 makes it easier to insert and remove the first power module 241 and the second power module 242, simplifying the maintenance steps for the first power module 241 and the second power module 242.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 9 In some embodiments, the bottom of the housing 21 is provided with a first through hole 43 and a second through hole 44. The cable of the first power module 241 passes through the first through hole 43 to connect to an external device, and the cable of the second power module 242 passes through the second through hole 44 to connect to an external device.

[0092] In embodiments where power module 24 includes a BCU, switches, and an auxiliary power board, the external device refers to the PCS. In embodiments where power module 24 includes a PCS, the external device refers to a Smart Transformer Station (STS). The STS can be connected to the power grid to transmit current to the grid, facilitating subsequent power supply to the load.

[0093] The power module 24 is located at the bottom of the battery cluster 23. Cables can be directly connected to external devices through through holes at the bottom of the enclosure 21, saving space inside the energy storage box 20. This also eliminates the need for additional door maintenance cables in the energy storage box 20, reducing manufacturing complexity and minimizing end-face maintenance space. Furthermore, it shortens the distance between adjacent energy storage boxes 20, thereby increasing the footprint density of the energy storage system 10. Here, footprint density refers to the ratio of the energy storage box's capacity to its floor area. A higher footprint density indicates a larger capacity for the same area.

[0094] Understandably, when cables connect to external equipment through the through-holes at the bottom of the enclosure 21, the cables can be routed underground, saving ground space and making the ground wiring layout simpler. This provides more area for the energy storage box 20, helping to increase the footprint density of the energy storage system 10. Simultaneously, the cables of the first power module 241 correspond to the first through-hole 43, and the cables of the second power module 242 correspond to the second through-hole 44, which shortens the cable length and facilitates maintenance and repair of the cables of the first power module 241 and the second power module 242 by personnel.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first through hole 43 and the second through hole 44 are integrated, meaning that the bottom of the housing 21 has only one through hole through which the cables of the first power module 241 and the second power module 242 pass to connect to external devices. It is understood that integrating the first through hole 43 and the second through hole 44 reduces the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the housing 21, while ensuring that both the first power module 241 and the second power module 242 can be connected to external devices.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 10 In some embodiments, the energy storage box 20 further includes a power distribution compartment 68, which is spaced apart from the energy storage module 22 along the length x-direction of the box 21. The power distribution compartment 68 is located between the energy storage module 22 and the side wall of the box 21. First power module 241 ( Figure 9 The cable and the second power module 242 (shown) Figure 9The cables shown can be integrated inside the power distribution compartment 68 and connected to external devices through the power distribution compartment 68. Integrating the cables inside the power distribution compartment 68 facilitates unified external wiring. The power distribution compartment 68 is also equipped with fire-fighting components; for example, these components may include gas cylinders, fire-fighting control panels, etc.

[0097] The distribution compartment 68 may also include a central management unit (CMU) and an auxiliary power input. Understandably, the power module 24 includes a BCU, switches, and an auxiliary power board. The operation of the BCU, switches, and auxiliary power board all require power. One end of the auxiliary power input within the distribution compartment can be connected to an external power source, and the other end can be connected to the circuit board of the power module 24 to power the BCU, switches, and auxiliary power board. Alternatively, the other end of the auxiliary power input can be directly electrically connected to the BCU, switches, and auxiliary power board to power them.

[0098] The BCU, switch, and auxiliary power board are connected to the CMU. The CMU can receive information from the BCU, switch, and auxiliary power board, and send control signals to each of them to adjust the battery pack 25. For example, the CMU can control the on / off state of the switch based on the information from the BCU regarding the battery pack 25, thereby adjusting the on / off state of the battery pack 25.

[0099] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 Since the power distribution compartment 68 needs maintenance, a third door 45 can be installed on the surface of the box 21 near the power distribution compartment 68.

[0100] In an embodiment where the energy storage system 10 includes multiple energy storage boxes 20 spaced at intervals along the length x of the enclosure 21, the position of the third door 45 of one energy storage box 20 within the energy storage box 20 is the same as the position of the third door 45 of its adjacent energy storage box 20 within its enclosure 20. For example, the third door 45 of one energy storage box 20 is located on the right side of its enclosure 21, and the third door 45 of the energy storage box 20 adjacent to this energy storage box 20 is also located on the right side of its enclosure 21. This avoids collisions or space encroachment when two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are simultaneously inspected in the distribution compartment 68.

[0101] In the above embodiment, the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the length direction x of the box body 21 is less than or equal to 1500mm. For example, the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the length direction x of the box body 21 can be 1500mm, 1000mm, 500mm, or 100mm. It is understood that since the energy storage box 20 is provided with a third box door 45, opening the third box door 45 for maintenance will occupy a certain space. Therefore, the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the length direction x is less than or equal to 1500mm, which can maximize the footprint density of the energy storage system 10 while ensuring that the third box door 45 can be used normally.

[0102] Continue to refer to Figure 9 In the above embodiment, the housing 21 includes a first sidewall 31 and a second sidewall 32 disposed opposite to each other in the width direction y of the housing 21, and a top wall 33 and a bottom wall 34 disposed opposite to each other in the height direction z of the housing 21. The top wall 33 is connected to the top of the first sidewall 31 and the top of the second sidewall 32, respectively, and the bottom wall 34 is connected to the bottom of the first sidewall 31 and the bottom of the second sidewall 32, respectively. The first power module 241 is disposed near the first sidewall 31, and the second power module 242 is disposed near the second sidewall 32.

[0103] The enclosure 21 also includes a first door 41 and a second door 42. The first door 41 is disposed on the first side wall 31 and faces the energy storage module 22. The second door 42 is disposed on the second side wall 32 and faces the second power module 242.

[0104] The battery pack 25 can be inspected and maintained by opening the first door 41, and the battery pack 25 and the first power module 241 can also be plugged in and unplugged. The second door 42 corresponds to the second power module 242, and the second power module 242 can be inspected and maintained through the second door 42.

[0105] Meanwhile, the second door 42 is positioned facing the second power module 242, and is primarily used for maintenance of the second power module 242. When the second door 42 is open, it allows for easy access to maintain the second power module 242. Compared to the first door 41, the second door 42 has a smaller area. When the energy storage system 10 includes multiple energy storage boxes 20, and these boxes are spaced apart along the width direction y of the box body 21, the opening and closing of the second door 42 has a minimal impact on the spacing between adjacent energy storage boxes 20, thereby reducing the size of the energy storage system 10. Figure 1 The footprint of the energy storage system 10 is reduced (as shown), thereby increasing the footprint density of the energy storage system 10.

[0106] Continue to refer to Figure 9 and Figure 12 , Figure 12The dashed lines with arrows indicate the airflow path. In the above embodiment, the energy storage module 22 also includes a liquid cooling unit 26, which is disposed at the top of the battery cluster 23 and is connected to the battery pack 25 for cooling the battery pack 25.

[0107] The energy storage tank 20 also includes a main pipeline and at least one distribution pipeline. The liquid cooler unit 26 is located at the top of the battery cluster 23. Each distribution pipeline is connected to each battery pack 25 in a battery cluster 23. The liquid cooler unit 26 is connected to the main pipeline and is used to deliver coolant to the main pipeline.

[0108] It is understood that a liquid cooling plate containing coolant can be installed inside the battery pack 25. When the battery pack 25 is operating, it generates heat. The liquid cooling plate comes into contact with the battery pack 25, transferring the heat from the battery pack 25 to the coolant inside the liquid cooling plate. After absorbing the heat from the battery pack 25, the coolant in the liquid cooling plate increases in temperature and flows through the distribution pipe to the main pipe, eventually entering the liquid cooling unit 26. The liquid cooling unit 26 absorbs the heat from the coolant, cooling it down so it can continue to absorb heat from the battery pack 25. The cooled coolant returns to the liquid cooling plate through the main pipe and the distribution pipe to continue cooling the battery pack 25. This application embodiment does not limit the coolant; for example, the coolant can be an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol.

[0109] The liquid-cooled unit 26 may include a refrigeration unit with two pipes. One pipe contains uncooled coolant, and the other contains refrigerant. The refrigerant and coolant exchange heat through contact between the two pipes, thereby lowering the coolant temperature. The liquid-cooled unit 26 may also include a condenser (e.g., a shell-and-tube condenser or a plate heat exchanger), which cools the refrigerant through heat exchange between the air and the refrigerant, allowing it to continue exchanging heat with the coolant.

[0110] Here, refrigerant refers to a working fluid that can transfer heat energy and produce a cooling effect. This application embodiment does not limit the type of refrigerant. For example, the refrigerant can be R22, R410A, R32, etc.

[0111] The refrigeration unit may also include a water pump. Since the liquid-cooled unit 26 is located at the top of the battery cluster 23, the water pump can drive the coolant to circulate in the main pipeline and the distribution pipeline, allowing the coolant to overcome gravity and flow into the liquid-cooled unit 26. The liquid-cooled unit 26 may also include a temperature sensor, which can monitor the temperature of the coolant and refrigerant in real time to ensure that the liquid-cooled unit 26 operates within a suitable temperature range.

[0112] The refrigeration unit may also include valves, which can be located between the main pipeline and the refrigeration unit. These valves can regulate the flow and pressure of the coolant to ensure stable operation of the liquid cooling system. It is understood that valves can also be installed at the connection points between the main pipeline and the distribution pipelines. By controlling the opening and closing of these valves, heat dissipation management of individual battery packs 25 can be achieved. For example, when a battery pack 25 corresponding to a particular distribution pipeline is removed, the valve can be closed to prevent coolant from circulating within the pipeline and causing waste.

[0113] The liquid cooling unit 26 includes a first air inlet 51 and an air outlet 53. The first air inlet 51 is located on the first side wall 31, and the air outlet 53 is located on the top wall 33.

[0114] The first air inlet 51 is located on the first side wall 31, and the air outlet 53 is located on the top wall 33. This allows for heat exchange between the outside air and the liquid cooling unit 26, enabling the liquid cooling unit 26 to continuously supply coolant to the battery pack 25, thus allowing the battery pack 25 to continuously dissipate heat. The air outlet 53 is located on the top wall 33 to prevent the hot air exiting the liquid cooling unit 26 from affecting the heat dissipation of other equipment near the energy storage box 20.

[0115] Continue to refer to Figure 9 and Figure 12 In some embodiments, the liquid cooling unit 26 further includes a second air inlet 52, which is disposed on the second side wall 32.

[0116] Understandably, the second air inlet 52 and the first air inlet 51 are positioned opposite each other along the width direction y of the housing 21. This promotes symmetrical airflow within the liquid-cooled unit 26, reduces localized dead zones in airflow, and ensures a more uniform distribution of cool air, thereby improving the heat dissipation rate of the liquid-cooled unit 26. Simultaneously, increasing the number of air inlets increases the heat exchange area between the liquid-cooled unit 26 and the outside air, enhancing the heat exchange rate between them and thus improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack 25.

[0117] In the above embodiment, the liquid cooling unit 26 includes a first refrigeration unit 61, a first heat exchanger 62, a second heat exchanger 63, and a first fan 64. The first refrigeration unit 61 is located at the first air inlet 51 and is connected to the battery pack 25 for cooling the battery pack 25. It is understood that the coolant can dissipate heat from the battery pack 25; the coolant, having absorbed heat from the battery pack 25, increases in temperature and returns to the first refrigeration unit 61 through pipes. A refrigerant flows within the first refrigeration unit 61, which can exchange heat with the heated coolant, causing the coolant temperature to decrease again and flow back to the battery pack 25 to continue dissipating heat for the battery pack 25.

[0118] The first refrigeration unit 61 is located at the first air inlet 51, which can shorten the connection distance between the first refrigeration unit 61 and the pipeline and reduce the difficulty of connecting the first refrigeration unit 61 and the pipeline.

[0119] The first refrigeration unit 61, the first heat exchanger 62, the second heat exchanger 63, and the first fan 64 are connected in sequence. After the refrigerant in the first refrigeration unit 61 exchanges heat with the coolant, its temperature rises and can be transferred to the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63. The first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 are provided with fins. The fins can carry away the heat of the refrigerant, and then the air carries away the heat on the fins, thereby cooling the refrigerant and allowing the refrigerant to continue to exchange heat with the coolant.

[0120] The first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 are spaced apart along the width direction y of the housing 21. The first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 are arranged at an angle to the top wall 33. This embodiment does not limit the size of the angle; for example, the angle can be 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, etc. The spaced arrangement of the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 along the width direction y of the housing 21 provides sufficient airflow space, ensuring that the air fully exchanges heat with the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63, thereby guaranteeing the heat dissipation rate of the liquid cooling unit 26. The angled arrangement of the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 with the top wall 33 increases the fluid velocity within the heat exchangers, guides the fluid to distribute evenly, reduces local low-velocity areas, and ensures the heat exchange rate of the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63.

[0121] The air inlet surface of the first heat exchanger 62 is connected to the first air inlet 51, and the air inlet surface of the second heat exchanger 63 is connected to the second air inlet 52. This allows for full utilization of the air inside the liquid-cooled unit 26, increasing the heat exchange area between the heat exchanger and the air, thereby increasing the cooling rate of the refrigerant and improving the heat dissipation effect of the liquid-cooled unit 26.

[0122] The embodiments of this application do not limit the type of heat exchanger. For example, the heat exchanger can be a plate heat exchanger, a microchannel heat exchanger, etc.

[0123] In embodiments where the heat exchanger includes a microchannel heat exchanger, the heat exchanger includes two manifolds arranged side-by-side at intervals. Along the extension direction of the manifolds, multiple flat tubes are spaced apart between the two manifolds, and fins are arranged between adjacent flat tubes. A refrigeration unit is connected to the heat exchanger; one manifold receives the refrigerant at increased temperature, and the other manifold transfers the cooled refrigerant to the refrigeration unit.

[0124] After entering the heat exchanger through the manifold, the refrigerant is transferred to another manifold via multiple flat tubes. The flat tubes distribute the refrigerant flow; the more flat tubes there are, the smaller the flow rate in each tube, and the faster the heat exchange. After absorbing heat from the refrigerant, the flat tubes transfer that heat to the fins in contact with them. As air passes through the fins, it carries away the heat, allowing the fins to continue absorbing heat from the refrigerant, thus achieving cooling.

[0125] In embodiments where the heat exchanger includes a plate heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprises multiple layers of metal plates. A sealing gasket is disposed between two adjacent metal plates, sealing the metal plates and dividing them into two fluid channels. Two fluids flow through their respective channels, exchanging heat with the separated metal plates. It is understood that in this embodiment, one fluid can be a refrigerant at a raised temperature, and the other fluid can be cold air. Each metal plate has through-holes at its four corners. Multiple metal plates are bundled together to form a fluid collection pipe, through which the fluid can be recycled.

[0126] The air inlet of the first fan 64 is connected to the air outlet of the first heat exchanger 62 and the air outlet of the second heat exchanger 63, and the air outlet of the first fan 64 is connected to the air outlet 53. In other words, the first fan 64 can transfer air from the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 to the outside. The first fan 64 can promote airflow, enabling air to enter from the first air inlet 51 or the second air inlet 52, pass through the first heat exchanger 62 or the second heat exchanger 63, and finally return to the outside through the air outlet 53.

[0127] This application does not limit the first fan 64. For example, the first fan 64 can be an axial fan, a centrifugal fan, or a mixed-flow fan. An axial fan consists of one or more blades and a rotating disk. Axial fans have a large air volume and are lightweight, but they are relatively noisy and their operation is unstable.

[0128] A centrifugal fan consists of two parts: an outer rotor and an inner rotor. The blades of the outer rotor draw air into the fan from one side and then push it to the side of the inner rotor. The blades of the inner rotor further process the airflow. Centrifugal fans operate relatively stably and with relatively low noise.

[0129] Mixed-flow fans, also known as diagonal-flow fans, combine the characteristics of axial fans and centrifugal fans. The impeller inside a mixed-flow fan causes air to flow both axially and radially as it passes through the impeller, allowing the mixed-flow fan to provide a larger air volume.

[0130] The first fan 64 can draw away the hot air after it has exchanged heat with the fins of the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63, so that the hot air can be transferred to the outside through the air outlet 53, thus preventing the hot air from affecting the heat exchange inside the liquid cooling unit 26 and improving the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling unit 26.

[0131] In some embodiments, the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 are arranged symmetrically. The symmetrical arrangement of the first heat exchanger 62 and the second heat exchanger 63 makes the pressure distribution more uniform when the air passes through the two heat exchangers, avoids inefficient operation of one side of the heat exchanger, and ensures the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchangers.

[0132] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 13 , Figure 13 The dashed lines with arrows indicate the airflow path. In some embodiments, the liquid cooling unit 26 further includes a third air inlet 54, which is disposed on the top wall 33 and spaced apart from the air outlet 53.

[0133] The third air inlet 54 is located on the top wall 33. The increased number of air inlets can increase the heat exchange area between the liquid cooling unit 26 and the outside air, and improve the heat exchange rate between the liquid cooling unit 26 and the outside air, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the battery pack 25.

[0134] In the above embodiments, the liquid cooling unit 26 includes a second refrigeration unit 65, a third heat exchanger 66, and a second fan 67. Similar to the above embodiments, refrigerant flows within the second refrigeration unit 65, exchanging heat with the coolant to lower the coolant's temperature and continue dissipating heat for the battery pack 25. The heated refrigerant is then transferred to the third heat exchanger 66, which is equipped with fins. The fins carry away the heat from the refrigerant, which is then carried away by air, thus cooling the refrigerant and allowing it to continue exchanging heat with the coolant.

[0135] The second refrigeration unit 65 is located at the first air inlet 51. The second refrigeration unit 65 is connected to the battery pack 25 and is used to cool the battery pack 25. The location of the second refrigeration unit 65 at the first air inlet 51 can shorten the connection distance between the second refrigeration unit 65 and the pipeline and reduce the difficulty of connecting the second refrigeration unit 65 and the pipeline.

[0136] The third heat exchanger 66 and the second refrigeration unit 65 are spaced apart along the width direction y of the housing 21, with the third heat exchanger 66 forming an angle with the top wall 33. This embodiment does not limit the size of the angle; for example, the angle can be 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, etc. The spaced-apart arrangement of the third heat exchanger 66 and the second refrigeration unit 65 along the width direction y of the housing 21 provides sufficient airflow space, ensuring adequate heat exchange between the air and the third heat exchanger 66, thereby guaranteeing the heat dissipation rate of the liquid-cooled unit 26. The angled arrangement of the third heat exchanger 66 with the top wall 33 increases the fluid velocity within the third heat exchanger 66, guiding the fluid to distribute evenly, reducing localized low-velocity areas, and ensuring the heat exchange rate of the third heat exchanger 66.

[0137] The air inlet surface of the third heat exchanger 66 is connected to the first air inlet 51 and the third air inlet 54 respectively, and the air outlet of the second fan 67 is connected to the air outlet 53.

[0138] The air inlet surface of the third heat exchanger 66 is connected to the first air inlet 51 and the third air inlet 54 respectively, which can make full use of the air in the liquid cooling unit 26, increase the heat exchange area between the heat exchanger and the air, thereby increasing the cooling rate of the refrigerant and thus improving the heat dissipation effect of the liquid cooling unit 26.

[0139] The second fan 67 promotes airflow, enabling air to enter from the first air inlet 51 or the third air inlet 54, pass through the third heat exchanger 66, and finally return to the outside through the air outlet 53. The second fan 67 can also draw away the hot air that has exchanged heat with the fins of the third heat exchanger 66, allowing the hot air to be transferred to the outside through the air outlet 53. This prevents the hot air from affecting the heat exchange inside the liquid-cooled unit 26, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the liquid-cooled unit 26.

[0140] Please refer to Figure 13 and Figure 14 , Figure 14 The dashed line with an arrow indicates the direction of airflow; the circle with an "×" indicates airflow inwards perpendicular to the paper; and the circle with a "·" indicates airflow outwards perpendicular to the paper. In box 21 ( Figure 9 In the embodiment shown (including a first air inlet 51 and a third air inlet 54), the energy storage system 10 includes a plurality of energy storage boxes 20 spaced apart. The plurality of energy storage boxes 20 are arranged in an array, meaning that the plurality of energy storage boxes 20 are spaced apart along the length direction x of the box body 21 and spaced apart along the width direction y of the box body 21. In the width direction y of the box body 21, the second sidewalls 32 of two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are arranged opposite each other.

[0141] Understandably, a first door 41 is provided on the first side wall 31 of the energy storage box 20. The first door 41 needs to be opened frequently for maintenance of the battery pack 25 and the power module 24. The second side walls 32 of two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are arranged opposite each other. Since the second side walls 32 are provided with second doors 42, the area of ​​the second doors 42 is small, and the space required to open the second doors 42 is small. The arrangement of the two second doors 42 opposite each other can shorten the distance between the two energy storage boxes 20 while ensuring the normal use of the second doors 42, thereby increasing the footprint density of the energy storage system 10.

[0142] Meanwhile, the housing 21 includes a first air inlet 51 and a third air inlet 54. When two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are spaced apart along the width direction y of the housing 21, the first air inlet 51 and the third air inlet 54 of the two energy storage boxes 20 do not affect each other. The size of the distance between the two energy storage boxes 20 will not affect the air flow rate, which can ensure that the air can smoothly enter the interior of the energy storage box 20, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the energy storage box 20.

[0143] In the above embodiments, the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the length direction x of the box body 21 is less than or equal to 600mm. For example, the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the length direction x of the box body 21 can be 600mm, 500mm, 300mm, or 100mm. The distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the width direction y of the box body 21 is less than or equal to 600mm. For example, the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 in the width direction y of the box body 21 can be 600mm, 500mm, 300mm, or 100mm.

[0144] Please refer to Figure 12 and Figure 15 , Figure 15 The dashed lines with arrows indicate the direction of airflow, and the circles with dots indicate that the air flows outwards perpendicular to the paper. In box 21 ( Figure 9 In the embodiment shown, which includes a first air inlet 51 and a second air inlet 52, the energy storage system 10 includes a plurality of energy storage boxes 20 spaced apart. The plurality of energy storage boxes 20 are spaced apart along the length direction x of the box body 21 and along the width direction y of the box body 21. In the width direction y of the box body 21, the second sidewalls 32 of two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are arranged opposite each other.

[0145] A first door 41 is provided on the first side wall 31 of the energy storage box 20. The first door 41 needs to be opened frequently for maintenance of the battery pack 25 and the power module 24. The second side walls 32 of two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are arranged opposite each other. Since the second side walls 32 are provided with second doors 42, the area of ​​the second doors 42 is small, and the space required to open the second doors 42 is small. The arrangement of the two second doors 42 opposite each other can shorten the distance between the two energy storage boxes 20 while ensuring the normal use of the second doors 42, thereby increasing the footprint density of the energy storage system 10.

[0146] It is understandable that the housing 21 includes a first air inlet 51 and a second air inlet 52. When two adjacent energy storage boxes 20 are spaced apart along the width direction y of the housing 21, the distance between the second air inlets 52 of the two energy storage boxes 20 is sufficient to allow air to enter the interior of the energy storage box 20 through the second air inlets 52, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the energy storage box 20. Therefore, arranging multiple energy storage boxes 20 at intervals along the length direction x of the housing 21 and at intervals along the width direction y of the housing 21 can ensure that air can smoothly enter the interior of the energy storage box 20, thus ensuring the heat dissipation effect of the energy storage box 20.

[0147] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An energy storage box, characterized in that, include: The housing, which encloses a cavity; At least one energy storage module is disposed within the accommodating cavity. The energy storage module includes at least two battery clusters and at least two power modules. The at least two battery clusters are stacked. Each battery cluster includes multiple battery packs. The at least two battery clusters and the at least two power modules correspond one-to-one. Each battery cluster is electrically connected to the corresponding power module.

2. The energy storage box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two power modules are spaced apart at the bottom of the energy storage module.

3. The energy storage box according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The charge / discharge rate of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 0.5C.

4. The energy storage box according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The number of battery clusters is two, the number of power modules is two, the battery clusters and the power modules correspond one-to-one, and each battery cluster includes four battery packs; The energy storage modules are multiple, and the multiple energy storage modules are arranged along the length of the housing.

5. The energy storage box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The battery cluster includes a first battery cluster and a second battery cluster. Each battery pack in the first battery cluster is connected in series, each battery pack in the second battery cluster is connected in series, and the first battery cluster and the second battery cluster are connected in parallel. The power module includes a first power module and a second power module, wherein the first power module is electrically connected to the first battery cluster and the second power module is electrically connected to the second battery cluster.

6. The energy storage box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The box includes a first side wall and a second side wall that are disposed opposite to each other in the width direction of the box, and a top wall and a bottom wall that are disposed opposite to each other in the height direction of the box. The top wall is connected to the top of the first side wall and the top of the second side wall, respectively, and the bottom wall is connected to the bottom of the first side wall and the bottom of the second side wall, respectively. The first power module is disposed close to the first sidewall, and the second power module is disposed close to the second sidewall; The enclosure also includes a first door and a second door. The first door is disposed on the first side wall and faces the energy storage module. The second door is disposed on the second side wall and faces the second power module.

7. The energy storage box according to claim 6, characterized in that, The energy storage module also includes a liquid cooling unit, which is disposed on top of the battery cluster and connected to the battery pack for cooling the battery pack. The liquid cooling unit includes a first air inlet and an air outlet. The first air inlet is located on the first side wall, and the air outlet is located on the top wall.

8. The energy storage box according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid cooling unit also includes a second air inlet, which is disposed on the second side wall.

9. The energy storage box according to claim 8, characterized in that, The liquid cooling unit includes a first refrigeration unit, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, and a first fan; The first refrigeration unit is located at the first air inlet; The first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are spaced apart along the width direction of the housing. The first heat exchanger is set at an angle to the top wall, and the second heat exchanger is set at an angle to the top wall. The air inlet surface of the first heat exchanger is connected to the first air inlet, and the air inlet surface of the second heat exchanger is connected to the second air inlet. The air inlet of the first fan is connected to the air outlet of the first heat exchanger and the air outlet of the second heat exchanger, respectively, and the air outlet of the first fan is connected to the air outlet.

10. The energy storage box according to claim 7, characterized in that, The liquid cooling unit also includes a third air inlet, which is disposed on the top wall and is spaced apart from the air outlet.

11. The energy storage box according to claim 10, characterized in that, The liquid cooling unit includes a second refrigeration unit, a third heat exchanger, and a second fan; The second refrigeration unit is installed at the first air inlet; The third heat exchanger and the second refrigeration unit are spaced apart along the width of the housing. The third heat exchanger is set at an angle to the top wall. The air inlet surface of the third heat exchanger is connected to the first air inlet and the third air inlet, respectively. The air outlet of the second fan is connected to the air outlet.

12. The energy storage box according to any one of claims 5-11, characterized in that, The bottom of the enclosure is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The cable of the first power module passes through the first through hole and is connected to an external device, and the cable of the second power module passes through the second through hole and is connected to the external device.

13. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The invention includes a plurality of energy storage boxes as described in any one of claims 1-12, which are spaced apart. The plurality of energy storage boxes are spaced apart along the length direction of the box body and along the width direction of the box body. In the width direction of the box body, the second doors of two adjacent energy storage boxes are arranged opposite each other.

14. The energy storage system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes in the length direction of the box body is less than or equal to 600mm, and the distance between two adjacent energy storage boxes in the width direction of the box body is less than or equal to 600mm.

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