Combined antenna device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The utility model relates to the antenna technology, and provides a combined antenna device and electronic equipment, the combined antenna device comprises a metal bottom plate, a metal surrounding edge, a directional antenna, an omnidirectional antenna, a power divider, a change-over switch and a radio frequency input interface, the omnidirectional antenna is fixed on the outer side of the metal surrounding edge, the metal surrounding edge is reasonably used as the metal ground of the omnidirectional antenna, and the radio frequency input interface is arranged on the metal surrounding edge. A directional antenna and an omnidirectional antenna are integrated, and the two antennas are ensured to work in a time-sharing manner and do not influence each other by controlling the switching-on and switching-off of the change-over switch; the omni-directional antenna is small in occupied area, size and weight and does not affect installation of the directional antenna, and compared with an existing combined antenna product, the omni-directional antenna is small in size, low in cost and convenient to switch and has great practical use value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of antenna technology, and in particular relates to a combined antenna device and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of modern communication technology, antennas have become increasingly important, and the requirements for their communication distance and applicable environment are also becoming more stringent. Their gain and directivity affect the performance of the entire communication system. Transmitting and receiving equipment need to ensure continuous communication. If only directional antennas are used, and the main gain direction of the transmitting antenna deviates from that of the receiving antenna by a certain angle, the coverage area for devices using directional antennas will be relatively limited, resulting in insufficient overall system gain.

[0003] For communication devices moving over a wide angle within a short distance, the target device may be unable to receive signals propagating through the air in certain airspaces, leading to communication interruptions. Solutions include using servo systems or mechanical rotation to adjust the direction of directional antennas. While these methods offer wide coverage and high gain, they are time-consuming, increase overall weight, and raise both time and financial costs. Using only omnidirectional antennas results in low gain and short communication distance for the same electrical dimensions. To ensure omnidirectional coverage and increase gain, the number of antenna elements must be increased, leading to a large size and increased susceptibility to multipath interference, which is detrimental to practical use.

[0004] To address near- and far-range communication issues at a low cost, current communication equipment typically uses separate directional and omnidirectional antennas. However, for low-frequency bands, antennas are relatively large, and adding an additional omnidirectional antenna necessitates separate antenna configurations, which increases space requirements and manufacturing costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a combined antenna device and electronic device, which aims to solve the problem that traditional directional and omnidirectional antennas are set up separately, occupying a large volume and increasing manufacturing costs.

[0006] A first aspect of this application provides a combined antenna device, including a metal base plate, a metal edging, a directional antenna, an omnidirectional antenna, a power divider, a switching switch, and an RF input interface. The metal edging is connected to the edge of the metal base plate. The omnidirectional antenna and the RF input interface are fixed to the outside of the metal edging. The omnidirectional antenna extends in a direction away from the metal edging. The directional antenna, the power divider, and the switching switch are fixed to the surface of the metal base plate. The input terminal of the switching switch is connected to the RF input interface. The first output terminal of the switching switch is connected to the omnidirectional antenna. The second output terminal of the switching switch is connected to the input terminal of the power divider. The output terminal of the power divider is connected to the directional antenna.

[0007] In one embodiment, the metal base plate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the directional antenna is fixed to the first surface, and the power divider and the switching switch are fixed to the second surface.

[0008] In one embodiment, an antenna cover is also included, which covers the metal rim or the metal base plate and is opposite to the first surface to form a cavity for accommodating the directional antenna.

[0009] In one embodiment, a reflector is also included, which is fixed to the metal edging or the metal base plate and is opposite to the second surface.

[0010] In one embodiment, the directional antenna includes a plurality of arrayed antenna elements, each of which is connected to a corresponding output terminal of the power divider.

[0011] In one embodiment, the antenna element includes a butterfly-shaped radiating section.

[0012] In one embodiment, the switching switch includes a coaxial switch, which is a single-pole double-pole switch.

[0013] In one embodiment, the omnidirectional antenna is vertically fixed to the outer surface of the metal edging.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device that further includes the combined antenna device described above.

[0015] In one embodiment, the device further includes a radio frequency (RF) circuit and a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit and the RF circuit are connected to the RF input interface of the combined antenna device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have at least the following advantages: The combined antenna device includes a metal base plate, a metal surround, a directional antenna, an omnidirectional antenna, a power divider, a switching switch, and an RF input interface. The omnidirectional antenna is fixed to the outside of the metal surround, and the metal surround is used as the metal ground of the omnidirectional antenna, which still has omnidirectionality. The integration of the directional antenna and the omnidirectional antenna, by controlling the power on and off of the switching switch, ensures that the two antennas work in a time-sharing manner without affecting each other. The omnidirectional antenna occupies less area, volume, and weight, and does not affect the installation of the directional antenna. Compared with existing combined antenna products, this antenna is small in size, low in cost, and easy to switch, and has great practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 An exploded view of the combined antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram of a combined antenna device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0019] Figure 3 A three-dimensional radiation pattern of the omnidirectional antenna of the combined antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application when it operates independently.

[0020] Figure 4 A three-dimensional radiation pattern of the directional antenna of the combined antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application when it operates independently.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the spatial signal transmission coverage of the combined antenna device provided in the embodiments of this application as a receiving and transmitting device at both the near and far ends. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 An embodiment of this application provides a combined antenna device including a metal base plate 11, a metal edging 12, a directional antenna 13, an omnidirectional antenna 14, a power divider 15, a switching switch 16, and an RF input interface 17. The metal edging 12 is connected to the edge of the metal base plate 11. The omnidirectional antenna 14 and the RF input interface 17 are fixed to the outside of the metal edging 12. The omnidirectional antenna 14 extends in a direction away from the metal edging 12. The directional antenna 13, the power divider 15, and the switching switch 16 are fixed to the surface of the metal base plate 11. The input terminal of the switching switch 16 is connected to the RF input interface 17. The first output terminal of the switching switch 16 is connected to the omnidirectional antenna 14. The second output terminal of the switching switch 16 is connected to the input terminal of the power divider 15. The output terminal of the power divider 15 is connected to the directional antenna 13.

[0027] in, Figure 1 In the example, the metal edging 12 surrounds the entire edge of the metal base plate 11; in other embodiments, the metal edging 12 may surround only a portion of the edge of the metal base plate 11.

[0028] The omnidirectional antenna 14 is fixed to the outside of the metal enclosure 12, and the metal enclosure 12 serves as the ground for the omnidirectional antenna 14, thus maintaining its omnidirectionality.

[0029] The RF input interface 17 is a coaxial cable interface, for example, type N. The connectors for the input and output terminals of the power divider 15 are, for example, SMA-KFD20. The connector for the input terminal of the omnidirectional antenna 14 is, for example, SMA-KFK.

[0030] In the technical solution of this application, the antenna is integrated into one unit and switched by an internal switch 16, which can reduce the use of equipment cables and reduce the size, making it suitable for use in a variety of environments, ensuring communication of the equipment in the transceiver field, and ensuring real-time information reception.

[0031] Optionally, the metal base plate 11 can be perforated to reduce weight and placed at the bottom of the directional antenna 13. In scenarios where weight reduction is not required, the metal base plate 11 can be left unperforated to ensure the stability and reliability of the structure.

[0032] In one embodiment, the metal base plate 11 includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The directional antenna 13 is fixed to the first surface, and the power divider 15 and the switching switch 16 are fixed to the second surface. This reduces mutual interference of radiated signals between the power divider 15 and the switching switch 16 and the directional antenna 13 on the first surface.

[0033] In one embodiment, the combined antenna device further includes an antenna cover 18, which covers the metal rim 12 or the metal base plate 11 and is opposite to the first surface to form a cavity for accommodating the directional antenna 13.

[0034] For example, the antenna cover 18 is made of fiberglass and is fixed to the metal edging 12 with screws, which facilitates clamping the RF input interface 17 and the omnidirectional antenna 14. In other embodiments, the antenna cover 18 may be made of plastic.

[0035] In one embodiment, the combined antenna device further includes a reflector 19, which is fixed to the metal edging 12 or the metal base plate 11 and is opposite to the second surface. The reflector 19 is used to reflect the electromagnetic waves of the directional antenna 13 to a preset direction to increase the intensity of the electromagnetic waves.

[0036] In one embodiment, the directional antenna 13 includes a plurality of arrayed antenna elements 131, each antenna element 131 being connected to a corresponding output terminal of the power divider 15.

[0037] For example, there are four antenna elements 131 arranged in a 2×2 configuration on the first surface of the metal base plate 11, and the bottom is fixed to the first surface of the metal base plate 11 by screws.

[0038] In one embodiment, the antenna vibrator 131 includes a connecting part 1311 and a butterfly-shaped radiating part 1312. One end of the connecting part 1311 is connected to the butterfly-shaped radiating part 1312, and the other end of the connecting part 1311 is fixed to the first surface of the metal base plate 11.

[0039] In this configuration, the feed terminal of each antenna element 131 is located at one end of the connecting part 1311 and is connected to the respective output terminals of the 1-to-4 power divider 15 via coaxial cables. In other embodiments, the antenna elements 131 can be configured in other quantities or shapes depending on the application requirements.

[0040] In one embodiment, the switching switch 16 includes a coaxial switch, which is connected to the omnidirectional antenna 14 and the directional antenna 13 respectively via a coaxial cable. The coaxial cable is shared with the power supply line, with the inner conductor of the coaxial cable connected to the power supply and the outer conductor connected to the power ground. For example, when the power is off, the directional antenna 13 operates, and when the power is on, the omnidirectional antenna 14 operates.

[0041] The shared use of coaxial cable and power cable enables the simultaneous transmission of DC power and RF signals to the system via the coaxial cable, ensuring that switch 16 can switch between directional antenna 13 and omnidirectional antenna 14. This combination reduces the need for external antenna openings and cables, and results in low insertion loss.

[0042] For example, the directional antenna 13 includes multiple antenna elements 131 operating in the same frequency band, and the coaxial switch is a single-pole double-throw switch, which can control the operation of the directional antenna 13 and the omnidirectional antenna 14 in a time-division manner.

[0043] For example, the directional antenna 13 may include multiple antenna elements 131 with different operating frequency bands, and the coaxial switch can be a single-pole double-throw switch, which can control the omnidirectional antenna 14 and the antenna elements 131 with different operating frequency bands in a time-division manner.

[0044] The switching switch 16 can be automatically controlled by external voltage or computer programming and used for switching in microwave circuits.

[0045] In one embodiment, the omnidirectional antenna 14 is vertically fixed to the outer surface of the metal edging 12. That is, the extending direction of the omnidirectional antenna 14 is the same as or close to the extending direction of the metal base plate 11.

[0046] The three-dimensional radiation pattern of the omnidirectional antenna 14 when it operates independently is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it is omnidirectional, but has a wide coverage area.

[0047] The three-dimensional radiation pattern of directional antenna 13 when operating independently is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the directional antenna 13 has high gain and long communication distance.

[0048] The integrated antenna, utilizing the switching function of a coaxial switch, can meet the communication needs of both the far-end narrow airspace and the near-end wide-angle airspace. The antenna is small in size, low in cost, and easy to carry.

[0049] A second aspect of this application provides an electronic device that further includes the combined antenna device described above.

[0050] Please see Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the spatial signal transmission coverage of the receiving and transmitting equipment at both the near and far ends. Point A represents the starting point of the transmitting equipment's movement, point E represents the farthest point of its trajectory, and point P represents the receiving position of a combined antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0051] The location of the transmitting device is determined by the preset motion trajectory time or the strength of the received signal, and the antenna is switched accordingly. Link ABCD is the motion trajectory of the transmitting device within a 5km range of the near end, and the wide beam of the omnidirectional antenna 14 can achieve complete signal coverage; Link DE is the motion trajectory of the transmitting device within a 5km to 25km range of the far end, and the narrow beam and high gain characteristics of the directional antenna 13 are used to receive the far-end signal.

[0052] In one embodiment, the system further includes an RF circuit and a power supply circuit, with the power supply circuit and RF circuit connected to the RF input interface 17 of the combined antenna device. The power supply circuit can turn the power output on or off, enabling DC power and RF signals to be transmitted to the system simultaneously via a coaxial cable. This ensures that the coaxial switch can switch between the directional antenna 13 and the omnidirectional antenna 14. This method reduces the need for external antenna openings and cables, and has low insertion loss.

[0053] One end of the RF input interface 17 is connected to the input terminal of the coaxial switch, and the other end is connected to the power supply circuit and the RF circuit. The power supply line is shared with the coaxial cable. The inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the RF circuit and the positive terminal of the power supply, and the outer conductor is connected to the power ground. The coaxial switch combines the RF signal and DC power together. After reaching the antenna through the cable, the signal is separated from the DC power by a separation circuit.

[0054] The electronic device containing this combined antenna can maintain uninterrupted communication with another mobile device and transmit and receive data normally when used in a high-altitude environment, verifying its use in relatively harsh environments and providing a good experimental explanation.

[0055] The combined antenna device provided in this application not only solves the problem of directional antennas being unable to communicate in certain airspaces when communication equipment is used in the near-end wide-angle domain, but also improves the switching method and integrates the antenna into a single unit. It is mainly suitable for wireless communication in various environments and scenarios, such as communication between land-based vehicle platforms, marine platforms, airborne platforms, and missile-borne platforms. Currently, the product of this combined antenna device has been verified in high-altitude areas, proving its convenience and reliability, and meeting both short-range and long-range communication needs.

[0056] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A combined antenna device, characterized in that, The device includes a metal base plate, a metal edging, a directional antenna, an omnidirectional antenna, a power divider, a switching switch, and an RF input interface. The metal edging is connected to the edge of the metal base plate. The omnidirectional antenna and the RF input interface are fixed to the outside of the metal edging. The omnidirectional antenna extends away from the metal edging. The directional antenna, the power divider, and the switching switch are fixed to the surface of the metal base plate. The input terminal of the switching switch is connected to the RF input interface. The first output terminal of the switching switch is connected to the omnidirectional antenna. The second output terminal of the switching switch is connected to the input terminal of the power divider. The output terminal of the power divider is connected to the directional antenna.

2. The combined antenna device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The metal base plate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. The directional antenna is fixed to the first surface, and the power divider and the switching switch are fixed to the second surface.

3. The combined antenna device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes an antenna cover, which covers the metal rim or the metal base plate and is opposite to the first surface to form a cavity for accommodating the directional antenna.

4. The combined antenna device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a reflector plate, which is fixed to the metal edging or the metal base plate and is opposite to the second surface.

5. The combined antenna device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The directional antenna includes multiple arrayed antenna elements, each of which is connected to a corresponding output terminal of the power divider.

6. The combined antenna device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The antenna element includes a butterfly-shaped radiating section.

7. The combined antenna device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The switching switch includes a coaxial switch, which constitutes a single-pole multi-stage switch.

8. The combined antenna device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The omnidirectional antenna is vertically fixed to the outer surface of the metal edging.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It also includes the combined antenna device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The electronic device as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a radio frequency (RF) circuit and a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit and the RF circuit are connected to the RF input interface of the combined antenna device.

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