Lithium battery recycling, crushing and screening device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, and particularly relates to a lithium battery recycling, crushing and screening device, which aims at solving the problems of large danger coefficient and low screening efficiency in the background technology and comprises supporting legs, a recycling tank is welded on the inner walls of the supporting legs, and a crusher is mounted in the middle of the outer wall of the recycling tank. And safety protection mechanisms are arranged on the outer wall of the recovery tank and are positioned at the top and the bottom of the crusher. According to the utility model, the combustion condition of electrolyte volatile gas can be inhibited, the temperature sensor and the oxygen concentration detector monitor the environment in the tank in real time, and once the temperature is detected to be abnormal or the oxygen concentration exceeds the standard, the powder spraying fire extinguishing pipe is immediately triggered to spray a flame retardant, so that rapid active fire extinguishing is realized, and the safety of recovery operation is improved; the screening mechanism integrates vibration screening and material scraping cleaning functions, can drive clamped coarse materials to be pushed to a coarse material discharging opening, effectively prevents a screen from being blocked, and ensures continuous and efficient sorting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lithium battery recycling technology, and in particular to a lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries, as efficient and high-energy-density energy storage devices, are widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics, and energy storage systems. With the rapid development of the global new energy industry, the consumption of lithium batteries is growing exponentially, leading to the problem of disposing of large quantities of used lithium batteries. Used lithium batteries contain valuable metals such as lithium, cobalt, nickel, and manganese, as well as organic materials such as electrolytes and separators. Improper disposal or indiscriminate dumping not only wastes resources but also causes environmental pollution (such as heavy metal leakage and electrolyte evaporation) and even safety accidents (such as short circuits and fires). Therefore, the recycling of lithium batteries has both economic and environmental benefits: efficient recycling processes can extract high-purity metal materials for new battery production, reducing dependence on mineral resources; at the same time, standardized processing can significantly reduce environmental pollution risks and promote the development of a circular economy.

[0003] Currently, lithium battery recycling equipment still has some shortcomings in key stages such as crushing and screening: First, the residual charge and electrolyte inside the lithium battery are prone to generating high temperatures or sparks due to mechanical friction during the crushing process, which can lead to combustion or even explosion. Existing equipment lacks real-time monitoring and rapid fire extinguishing measures, resulting in a high operational risk. Second, traditional screening devices mostly use a single method of vibration screening, which leads to the mixing of fine materials (such as electrode material powder) and coarse materials (such as metal fragments and membrane residue), making subsequent sorting processes complex and resulting in low recovery rates. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology and effectively solves the problems of high risk factor and low screening efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device includes a support leg, a recycling tank welded to the inner wall of the support leg, a crusher installed in the middle section of the outer wall of the recycling tank, safety protection mechanisms provided at the top and bottom of the crusher on the outer wall of the recycling tank, a nitrogen pipe fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the recycling tank, and an exhaust pipe fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the recycling tank. A crossbeam is welded to the outer wall of the support leg, a screening mechanism is provided on the top outer wall of the crossbeam, and the screening mechanism is located at the bottom of the recycling tank. A fine material conveyor is provided at the bottom of the screening mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the pulverizer includes a pulverizing frame welded to the outer wall of the recovery tank, adjacent pulverizing rollers rotatably connected to the inner wall of the recovery tank, gears mounted on the outer wall of one end of the two pulverizing rollers, and a pulverizing motor mounted on the outer wall of the other end of one of the pulverizing rollers, wherein the two gears mesh with each other, and the pulverizing motor is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the pulverizing frame by screws.

[0008] Preferably, the safety protection mechanism includes a temperature sensor installed on one side of the outer wall of the recovery tank, an external pipe fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the recovery tank via a flange, an oxygen concentration detector installed on the outer wall of the external pipe, and a powder extinguishing pipe installed on the other side of the outer wall of the recovery tank, wherein the external pipe is located on one side of the pulverizing frame, and the powder extinguishing pipe corresponds one-to-one with the temperature sensor.

[0009] Preferably, the screening mechanism includes symmetrically distributed springs fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the crossbeam, a screening hopper fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the springs, a vibrating motor fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the screening hopper by screws, a screen welded to the inner wall of the screening hopper, a scraper motor set on the top of the screen, a scraper fixedly connected to the output shaft of the scraper motor, and a baffle welded to the inner wall of one side of the screening hopper, wherein the distance between the baffle and the screen is the same as the width of the scraper.

[0010] Preferably, the screening mechanism further includes a coarse material discharge port welded to the outer wall of one side of the screening hopper, and a baffle is located on one side of the coarse material discharge port.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting frame is welded to the top outer wall of the screening hopper, and the scraper motor is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the connecting frame by screws.

[0012] Preferably, a feed frame is welded to the top of the outer wall on the other side of the recovery tank, and a sealing plate is hinged to the top outer wall of the feed frame.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device designed in this paper continuously introduces inert nitrogen into the recycling tank through a nitrogen pipe to replace the oxygen in the tank and suppress the combustion conditions of electrolyte volatile gases. Temperature sensors and oxygen concentration detectors monitor the environment inside the tank in real time. Once abnormal temperature or excessive oxygen concentration is detected, the powder extinguishing pipe is immediately triggered to spray flame retardant, achieving rapid and active fire extinguishing and improving the safety of the recycling operation.

[0015] 2. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device designed in this paper integrates vibrating screening and scraping cleaning functions in the screening mechanism. The screening bucket is driven to vibrate at high frequency by a vibrating motor, so that fine material falls through the screen into the fine material conveyor. At the same time, the scraping motor drives the scraper to reciprocate along the screen surface, which can drive the stuck coarse material to the coarse material discharge port, effectively preventing screen blockage and ensuring continuous and efficient sorting. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a lithium battery recycling, crushing, and screening device proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the recovery tank of a lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device proposed in this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pulverizer structure of a lithium battery recycling pulverizing and screening device proposed in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the safety protection mechanism for a lithium battery recycling, crushing, and screening device. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 5 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the safety protection mechanism for a lithium battery recycling, crushing, and screening device. Figure 2 .

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Support leg; 2. Recovery tank; 3. Crusher; 31. Crusher frame; 32. Crusher roller; 33. Gear; 34. Crusher motor; 4. Safety protection mechanism; 41. Temperature sensor; 42. External pipe; 43. Oxygen concentration detector; 44. Powder spray fire extinguishing pipe; 5. Crossbeam; 6. Screening mechanism; 61. Spring; 62. Screening hopper; 63. Vibrating motor; 64. Screen; 65. Scraper motor; 66. Scraper; 67. Baffle; 68. Coarse material discharge port; 69. Connecting frame; 7. Nitrogen pipe; 8. Exhaust pipe; 9. Fine material conveyor; 10. Feed frame; 11. Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figures 1-5Example 1: A lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device includes a support leg 1. A recycling tank 2 is welded to the inner wall of the support leg 1, and a crusher 3 is installed in the middle section of the outer wall of the recycling tank 2. Safety protection mechanisms 4 are provided on the outer wall of the recycling tank 2 at the top and bottom of the crusher 3. A nitrogen pipe 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom outer wall of the recycling tank 2, and an exhaust pipe 8 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the recycling tank 2. The safety protection mechanism 4 includes a temperature sensor 41 installed on one side of the outer wall of the recycling tank 2, an external pipe 42 fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the recycling tank 2 via a flange, an oxygen concentration detector 43 installed on the outer wall of the external pipe 42, and a powder spraying fire extinguishing pipe 44 installed on the other side of the outer wall of the recycling tank 2. The external pipe 42 is located on one side of the crushing frame 31, and the powder spraying fire extinguishing pipe 44 corresponds one-to-one with the temperature sensor 41.

[0024] In this embodiment, temperature sensor 41 monitors the temperature inside the tank, oxygen concentration detector 43 collects gas samples through external pipe 42, and powder extinguishing pipe 44 can be connected to an external dry powder fire extinguisher for controlled discharge. Before startup, nitrogen is introduced into nitrogen pipe 7 to isolate the oxygen concentration inside the tank, and replacement gas is discharged through exhaust pipe 8. During the crushing process, oxygen concentration detector 43 continuously provides data feedback; if the oxygen concentration rises back to the threshold, the system automatically replenishes nitrogen.

[0025] Example 2: A lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device. A crossbeam 5 is welded to the outer wall of the support leg 1. A screening mechanism 6 is installed on the top outer wall of the crossbeam 5, and the screening mechanism 6 is located at the bottom of the recycling tank 2. A fine material conveyor 9 is installed at the bottom of the screening mechanism 6. The screening mechanism 6 includes symmetrically distributed springs 61 fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the crossbeam 5, a screening hopper 62 fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the springs 61, a vibrating motor 63 fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the screening hopper 62 by screws, a screen 64 welded to the inner wall of the screening hopper 62, a scraper motor 65 located on top of the screen 64, a scraper 66 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the scraper motor 65, and a baffle 67 welded to one side of the inner wall of the screening hopper 62. The distance between the baffle 67 and the screen 64 is the same as the width of the scraper 66. The screening mechanism 6 also includes a coarse material discharge port 68 welded to one side of the outer wall of the screening hopper 62, and the baffle 67 is located on one side of the coarse material discharge port 68. A connecting frame 69 is welded to the top outer wall of the screening hopper 62, and the scraper motor 65 is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the connecting frame 69 by screws.

[0026] In this embodiment, the screening hopper 62 is suspended from the top of the crossbeam 5 by a spring 61. A vibrating motor 63 is installed at an angle on the inclined surface of the screening hopper 62 to generate vibration, promoting the passage of fine material through the screen. A scraper 66, driven by a scraper motor 65, rotates along the surface of the screen 64, pushing coarse material to the baffle 67 and discharging it through the coarse material discharge port 68. The distance between the baffle 67 and the screen 64 precisely matches the width of the scraper 66, ensuring that the coarse material is completely guided to the coarse material discharge port 68. The vibrating motor 63 and the scraper motor 65 work synchronously, and the sorted coarse and fine materials are output from the coarse material discharge port 68 and the fine material conveyor 9, respectively.

[0027] The crusher 3 includes a crushing frame 31 welded to the outer wall of the recovery tank 2, adjacent crushing rollers 32 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the recovery tank 2, gears 33 installed on the outer wall of one end of the two crushing rollers 32, and a crushing motor 34 installed on the outer wall of the other end of one of the crushing rollers 32. The two gears 33 mesh with each other, and the crushing motor 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing frame 31 by screws.

[0028] The crushing roller 32 can be rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing frame 31 via bearings. The gear 33 meshes to ensure that the two crushing rollers 32 rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The crushing motor 34 drives the crushing roller 32 to rotate, thereby achieving uniform crushing of the material.

[0029] A feed frame 10 is welded to the top of the outer wall on the other side of the recovery tank 2, and a sealing plate 11 is hinged to the top outer wall of the feed frame 10.

[0030] After the material is fed into the feed frame 10, the sealing plate 11 closes, the crushing motor 34 starts, and the crushed material falls into the screening hopper 62.

[0031] Working principle:

[0032] Feeding and Crushing Stage: The operator opens the sealing plate 11, puts the waste lithium batteries into the feeding frame 10, and then closes the sealing plate 11 to form a sealed environment. Nitrogen gas is continuously introduced through the nitrogen pipe 7, and residual air is discharged through the exhaust pipe 8, so that the oxygen concentration in the tank drops to a safe range. The crushing motor 34 drives the two crushing rollers 32 to rotate in opposite directions, and the lithium batteries are sheared and crushed into mixed fragments.

[0033] Safety monitoring and emergency response: Temperature sensor 41 monitors the tank temperature in real time. If a sudden temperature rise occurs due to friction or a short circuit, powder extinguishing pipe 44 can spray flame retardant to extinguish the fire. Oxygen concentration detector 43 periodically samples to monitor whether the concentration of combustible gas is abnormal.

[0034] Vibration screening and scraping cleaning: The mixed fragments fall into the screening hopper 62, and the vibration motor 63 generates high-frequency vibration. The fine material (electrode material powder) passes through the screen 64 and falls into the fine material conveyor 9. The scraping motor 65 drives the scraper 66 to reciprocate along the surface of the screen 64, pushing the stuck coarse material (metal fragments, diaphragms) to the coarse material discharge port 68, completing the sorting.

[0035] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device, comprising a support leg (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the support leg (1) is welded with a recovery tank (2), and a crusher (3) is installed in the middle section of the outer wall of the recovery tank (2). Safety protection mechanisms (4) are provided on the outer wall of the recovery tank (2) at the top and bottom of the crusher (3). The bottom outer wall of the recovery tank (2) is fixedly connected to a nitrogen pipe (7), and the top outer wall of the recovery tank (2) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (8); A crossbeam (5) is welded to the outer wall of the support leg (1), and a screening mechanism (6) is provided on the top outer wall of the crossbeam (5), and the screening mechanism (6) is located at the bottom of the recovery tank (2); The screening mechanism (6) is equipped with a fine material conveyor (9) at its bottom.

2. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crusher (3) includes a crushing frame (31) welded to the outer wall of the recovery tank (2), adjacent crushing rollers (32) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the recovery tank (2), gears (33) installed on the outer wall of one end of the two crushing rollers (32), and a crushing motor (34) installed on the outer wall of the other end of one of the crushing rollers (32). The two gears (33) mesh with each other, and the crushing motor (34) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the crushing frame (31) by screws.

3. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety protection mechanism (4) includes a temperature sensor (41) installed on one side of the outer wall of the recovery tank (2), an external pipe (42) fixedly connected to one side of the outer wall of the recovery tank (2) via a flange, an oxygen concentration detector (43) installed on the outer wall of the external pipe (42), and a powder extinguishing pipe (44) installed on the other side of the outer wall of the recovery tank (2). The external pipe (42) is located on one side of the pulverizing frame (31), and the powder extinguishing pipe (44) corresponds one-to-one with the temperature sensor (41).

4. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening mechanism (6) includes symmetrically distributed springs (61) fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the crossbeam (5), a screening bucket (62) fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the springs (61), a vibrating motor (63) fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the screening bucket (62) by screws, a screen (64) welded to the inner wall of the screening bucket (62), a scraper motor (65) set on the top of the screen (64), a scraper (66) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the scraper motor (65), and a baffle (67) welded to the inner wall of one side of the screening bucket (62), wherein the distance between the baffle (67) and the screen (64) is the same as the width of the scraper (66).

5. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening mechanism (6) also includes a coarse material discharge port (68) welded to the outer wall of one side of the screening hopper (62), and a baffle (67) is located on one side of the coarse material discharge port (68).

6. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top outer wall of the screening hopper (62) is welded with a connecting frame (69), and the scraper motor (65) is fixedly connected to the top outer wall of the connecting frame (69) by screws.

7. The lithium battery recycling crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed frame (10) is welded to the top of the outer wall on the other side of the recovery tank (2), and a sealing plate (11) is hinged to the top outer wall of the feed frame (10).

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