Agricultural self-locking adjustable supporting roller

Abstract

The utility model discloses an agricultural self-locking adjustable supporting roller, belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and automatic farming equipment, and solves the problems of low adjusting efficiency, insufficient locking reliability and poor environmental adaptability of the existing supporting roller. An outer supporting rod is further hinged to the lower support, a support seat is hinged to the upper end of the supporting frame, an inclined bearing seat is hinged to the upper end of the outer supporting rod through an upper connector arranged in a penetrating mode, a spring pin shaft is arranged on the outer side face of the outer supporting rod, and fine threads are arranged on the surface of the outer supporting rod. The threaded section of the outer supporting rod is sleeved with a hexagonal face of a hexagonal slotted nut fine thread and clamped with a limiting groove of the supporting frame, a front fork assembly is arranged at the bottom of the lower support, and the front fork assembly is provided with a rim through a wheel shaft. According to the utility model, through integration of the rapid telescoping mechanism and the rigid self-locking unit, single-action rapid adjustment and instantaneous locking are realized, and the problems of low efficiency of traditional thread adjustment and attenuation of locking force of a spring mechanism are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and automated tillage equipment, specifically relating to an agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of agricultural machinery and automated tillage equipment, adjustable support rollers are key components for achieving precise positioning and terrain adaptation of agricultural implements. Currently, the mainstream technical solutions are mainly divided into two categories: threaded adjustment rollers: tillage depth is adjusted by rotating the threaded sleeve. Although it can provide stable support, it has problems such as low field adjustment efficiency (the adjustment amount per turn is usually <2mm) and soil intrusion causing the threads to jam, making it difficult to meet the needs of frequent tillage depth adjustments.

[0003] Spring-preloaded quick-adjustment rollers: These rollers use a spring compensation mechanism for rapid extension and retraction. However, their drawbacks include: 1. Long-term exposure to damp environments can cause spring corrosion and fatigue, leading to unstable support; 2. The lack of an anti-rebound locking structure makes them prone to accidental displacement due to soil reaction during furrow operations. Furthermore, existing technologies generally suffer from the following common defects: Limited functionality: Most products cannot simultaneously integrate tillage depth adjustment and horizontal position compensation functions; poor environmental adaptability: Traditional rollers are prone to sinking in soft / muddy fields, lack multi-dimensional stabilization mechanisms when operating on slopes, have high maintenance costs, and their complex braking structure is easily clogged by crop residue, increasing maintenance difficulty.

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by this utility model are as follows: In view of the special working conditions of agriculture, this utility model aims to provide a new type of retractable support roller, which focuses on solving the technical contradiction between rapid field adjustment and vibration resistance locking, the three-dimensional adaptive stability problem under complex terrain (vertical load-bearing / lateral anti-slip / longitudinal tilt compensation), and the synergistic optimization problem between structural anti-fouling design and multi-functional expansion. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller to solve the problems of low adjustment efficiency, insufficient locking reliability and poor environmental adaptability of existing support rollers.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: an agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller, including a lower bracket, support frames on both sides of the lower bracket, a limiting groove on the support frame, an outer support rod hinged to the lower bracket, the outer support rod being located between the two support frames, a support seat hinged to the upper end of the support frame, a slanted bearing seat hinged to the upper end of the outer support rod through a through-type upper connector, a spring pin on the outer side of the outer support rod, fine thread on the surface of the outer support rod, a hexagonal slotted nut with fine thread fitted onto the threaded section of the outer support rod, the hexagonal face of the hexagonal slotted nut engaging with the limiting groove of the support frame, a front fork assembly at the bottom of the lower bracket, coaxial mounting holes on both sides of the front fork assembly, a wheel rim mounted through the wheel axle in the mounting hole, and a thrust ball bearing between the lower bracket and the front fork assembly.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the top of the bracket is provided with a mounting hole for bolt connection with external equipment.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the lower bracket and the outer support rod can swing around the hinge axis at an angle of ±10°.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, a cotter pin is provided between the axle and the rim.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By integrating a rapid telescopic mechanism and a rigid self-locking unit, this utility model achieves rapid adjustment and instantaneous locking in a single action, solving the problems of low efficiency in traditional threaded adjustment and attenuation of locking force in spring mechanisms; multi-directional adaptive balance, through a composite joint design, enables the roller to automatically maintain load stability on uneven surfaces; modular functional expansion simplifies the main structure while accommodating additional functions such as horizontal fine-tuning and angle compensation. This utility model is particularly suitable for logistics equipment and heavy machinery transportation scenarios in high-frequency adjustment and high-vibration environments.

[0011] The innovative features of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] 1. Low-resistance, high-precision adjustment mechanism: Through the combination of hexagonal slotted nut with fine thread, thrust ball bearing, and spring pin, the fine thread ensures adjustment accuracy while significantly reducing operating force, achieving adaptive load-displacement adjustment.

[0013] 2. Maintenance-free adaptive structure: The hinged design of the inclined bearing seat and the lower support replaces the traditional spring compensation mechanism, eliminating the risk of fatigue failure of elastic elements and adapting to extreme environments of -30℃ to 80℃.

[0014] 3. Compact integrated layout: The telescopic function (external strut), guiding function (support frame limiting groove), and load-bearing function (thrust ball bearing) are integrated into a single axial space, reducing the axial dimension by 25% compared to similar products.

[0015] This utility model also has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. Simultaneous improvement in adjustment efficiency and locking reliability: Through the combined design of a hexagonal slotted nut with fine threads and a thrust ball bearing, while ensuring adjustment accuracy with fine threads (0.8mm pitch), the bearing converts sliding friction into rolling friction, reducing the measured adjustment torque to 1.8 N·m (compared to 3.5 N·m for similar threaded adjustment mechanisms). This directly overcomes the shortcomings of traditional threaded adjustment mechanisms, such as laborious operation and spring locking force attenuation, achieving a synergistic effect of single-action precision adjustment and thread self-locking.

[0017] 2. Significantly Improved Environmental Adaptability and Service Life: The rigid hinge between the inclined bearing and the lower support replaces the spring compensation mechanism. Finite element analysis shows that under a 10kN load, the stress on the hinge shaft is only 60% of that of the spring mechanism, with no risk of fatigue failure. Bench tests show that in a vibration environment with a frequency of 20Hz, the locking displacement of this structure is <0.1mm (compared to >0.5mm for traditional spring mechanisms). This eliminates the hidden danger of "spring-preloaded rollers easily retracting unexpectedly under vibration environments" mentioned in the background technology, making it suitable for high-vibration scenarios such as mining machinery.

[0018] 3. Maintainability advantages brought by structural simplification: The mechanical interlock between the limiting groove of the support frame and the fine thread of the hexagonal slotted nut eliminates the need for independent guide components; the thrust ball bearing is embedded in the support frame, and dustproof (IP54 protection level) can be achieved without additional sealing structure.

[0019] 4. Optimized load distribution uniformity: The ±10° swing freedom of the lower support, combined with the polyurethane elastic layer of the rim, reduces the unevenness of ground contact pressure from 35% in the traditional structure to 12% (according to the GB / T 18802-2020 test standard), which addresses the defect of "uneven ground causing uneven roller load" in the background technology and extends the service life of the wheel axle by more than 2 times. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional side view of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the retracted wheel state in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-Support frame; 2-Outer strut; 3-Hexagonal slotted nut (fine thread); 4-Lower bracket; 5-Thrust ball bearing; 6-Front fork assembly; 7-Wheel axle; 8-Wheel rim; 9-Angled bearing seat; 10-Upper connector; 11-Bracket seat; 12-Spring pin; 13-Cotter pin. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller includes a lower support 4, with support frames 1 on both sides of the lower support 4. Each support frame 1 has a limiting groove. An outer support rod 2 is also hinged to the lower support 4, located between the two support frames 1. A support seat 11 is hinged to the upper end of the support frame 1. The upper end of the outer support rod 2 is hinged to a slanted bearing seat 9 through a through-type upper connector 10. A spring pin 12 is provided on the outer side of the outer support rod 2. The surface of the outer support rod 2 has fine threads. A hexagonal slotted nut fine thread 3 is fitted onto the threaded section of the outer support rod 2. The hexagonal face of the hexagonal slotted nut fine thread 3 engages with the limiting groove of the support frame 1. A front fork assembly 6 is provided at the bottom of the lower support 4. Coaxial mounting holes are provided on both sides of the front fork assembly 6. A wheel rim 8 is provided in the mounting holes through a wheel axle 7. A thrust ball bearing 5 is also provided between the lower support 4 and the front fork assembly 6.

[0027] The bracket base 11 has mounting holes on its top for bolt connection to external equipment. The lower bracket 4 and the outer support rod 2 can swing about the hinge axis at an angle of ±10°. A cotter pin 13 is provided between the wheel axle 7 and the wheel rim 8.

[0028] The upper connector 10 has a through hole in its center for the outer support rod 2 to pass through. The outer support rod 2 has fine threads machined on its surface and passes vertically through the through hole of the upper connector 10, connecting to the inclined bearing 9 via a flat-head pin. The hexagonal slotted nut 3 has a fine thread hexagonal face that engages with the limiting groove of the support frame 1, limiting the nut's rotation; the support frame 1 has a slotted design for inserting a wrench for rotational adjustment. The thrust ball bearing 5 converts rotational friction into rolling friction. The wheel axle 7 passes through the mounting hole of the front fork assembly 6 and the center of the wheel rim 8, and is secured by a cotter pin 13, with flat washers at both ends reducing friction.

[0029] like Figure 4 The working process is detailed as shown below:

[0030] 1. Standard height adjustment procedure (flat ground operation mode)

[0031] Initial state: Outer strut 2 is in its maximum retracted position, and rim 8 is 50mm off the ground (suitable for transport or non-operational conditions). The fine thread of the hexagonal slotted nut 3 is located at the uppermost end of the threaded section of the outer strut 2, and the thrust ball bearing 5 is not under axial force.

[0032] Adjustment Action: Tool Insertion: The operator inserts a special agricultural machinery wrench (or power tool) into the adjustment slot (10mm wide) of the fine-thread hexagonal slotted nut 3. Rotation Drive: Rotate the fine-thread hexagonal slotted nut 3 clockwise. Due to the constraint of the limiting guide slot of the support frame 1, the nut cannot rotate circumferentially and can only be fixed axially. According to the principle of thread transmission (Tr40×3 fine thread, lead 3mm / turn), the rotation of the nut forces the outer support rod 2 to extend axially downward (the outer support rod extends 3mm for every 1 rotation).

[0033] Height adjustment: The extension of the outer strut 2 pushes the lower bracket 4 to move down, and the front fork assembly 6, which is hinged to the inclined bearing seat 9, descends synchronously, eventually making the wheel rim 8 contact the ground.

[0034] Locking Complete: When the rim 8 is fully on the ground and bearing the weight of the equipment, the self-locking characteristic of the fine thread (friction angle > thread helix angle) automatically prevents reverse movement, eliminating the need for an additional locking mechanism. Torque Control: For precise adjustment of the support force, a torque wrench can be used to control the number of rotations.

[0035] 2. Adaptive Process for Uneven Ground (Slope / Uneven Terrain Mode)

[0036] Initial contact: When one side of the rim 8 first contacts the raised ground (such as a field ridge or a rock), the wheel body on that side is blocked and stops moving down, while the other side continues to descend until it touches the ground.

[0037] Adaptive Adjustment: Hinge Deflection: Under uneven stress, the lower bracket 4 deflects around the hinge axis of the inclined bearing 9 (maximum ±12°), causing the fork assembly 6 to tilt. The spring pin 12 undergoes elastic deformation (compression 0-5mm), allowing the outer strut 2 to swing slightly to buffer the impact.

[0038] Wheel fit: The deflection of the fork assembly 6 causes the rim 8 to automatically adjust the camber angle, ensuring that the tire makes full-width contact with the ground (compared to the traditional rigid structure which only makes edge contact). Force balance maintenance: The thrust ball bearing 5 evenly transmits the axial load to the threaded pair, avoiding excessive wear of the thread on one side (the traditional structure is prone to thread breakage when the load is uneven).

[0039] 3. Explanation of multiple implementation schemes:

[0040] Variant 1: Electric drive version, replacing the fine-tooth hexagonal slotted nut 3 with a worm gear mechanism, connected to an external 12V DC motor, to achieve remote control and adjustment, suitable for automated logistics equipment.

[0041] Variant 2: Double roller extension structure, with two sets of wheel axles 7 and wheel rims 8 symmetrically installed below the lower support 4, to improve the stability of heavy equipment and increase the single-point load capacity to 3t.

[0042] Variant 3: Quick-release interface. A quick-release clamp is added between the bracket 11 and the upper connector 10, which can complete the replacement of the roller module within 5 seconds. It is suitable for equipment with multiple working conditions.

Claims

1. An agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller, characterized in that: The system includes a lower support (4), on which support frames (1) are provided on both sides. Each support frame (1) has a limiting groove. An outer support rod (2) is also hinged to the lower support (4). The outer support rod (2) is located between the two support frames (1). A support seat (11) is hinged to the upper end of the support frame (1). An inclined bearing seat (9) is hinged to the upper end of the outer support rod (2) through a through-type upper connector (10). A spring pin (1) is provided on the outer side of the outer support rod (2). 2) The surface of the outer support rod (2) is provided with fine thread. The threaded section of the outer support rod (2) is fitted with a hexagonal slotted nut fine thread (3). The hexagonal face of the hexagonal slotted nut fine thread (3) engages with the limiting groove of the support frame (1). The bottom of the lower bracket (4) is provided with a front fork assembly (6). The front fork assembly (6) is provided with coaxial mounting holes on both sides. The mounting holes are provided with a wheel rim (8) through the wheel axle (7). A thrust ball bearing (5) is also provided between the lower bracket (4) and the front fork assembly (6).

2. The agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (11) has a mounting hole on its top for bolting to external equipment.

3. An agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lower support (4) and the outer support rod (2) can swing around the hinge axis at an angle of ±10°.

4. The agricultural self-locking adjustable support roller according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cotter pin (13) is provided between the axle (7) and the rim (8).

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