Composite sound absorption structure and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a composite sound absorption structure and a vehicle provided with the composite sound absorption structure, the composite sound absorption structure comprises a perforated plate, a sound absorption part and a support part; a gap exists between the sound absorption part and the perforated plate, a square containing cavity is defined by the micro-perforated plate in the sound absorption part, and the honeycomb filler is arranged in the square containing cavity; the perforated plate is provided with a plurality of through holes to form a sound transmission channel in the compartment body, so that noise reaches the sound absorption component connected with the perforated plate through the through holes, the micro-perforated plate of the sound absorption component is a direct reflection surface of the noise, and sound waves consume energy due to a viscous friction effect when passing through micropores of the micro-perforated plate. Cavities and micropores in the honeycomb filler form resonance sound absorption; and compared with a single-layer micro-perforated plate which can only cover low and medium frequency sound, the micro-perforated plates encircle to form the square accommodating cavity to form three groups of double-layer micro-perforated plate structures, namely an up-down double-layer micro-perforated plate structure, a left-right double-layer micro-perforated plate structure and a front-back double-layer micro-perforated plate structure, so that the sound absorption frequency band can be expanded to

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vehicle sound insulation technology, specifically relating to a composite sound-absorbing structure and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Various types of rail vehicles continuously generate and absorb various noises during operation, such as direct noise from air conditioning units (supply and return air) and transmitted noise from the floor, doors, and windows. The interior surfaces of the passenger compartment and driver's cab are relatively smooth and flat, causing sound to repeatedly reflect and prolong the reverberation time, which can exceed one second. This is especially true when passing through tunnels, where external noise is continuously reflected and amplified, then transmitted through the vehicle body into the interior, where it is reflected again by the interior surfaces, resulting in a significant increase in interior noise, sometimes exceeding 10 dB, greatly affecting the sound quality. Although sound-absorbing materials are currently installed in the cavity between the roof and the interior ceiling, these materials are not installed on the reflective surfaces of direct and transmitted sound within the passenger compartment; therefore, they do not effectively absorb noise from the passenger and driver's cabs. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a composite sound-absorbing structure that can absorb various noises on the reflective surface inside the vehicle body, reduce reverberation, and improve the ride comfort of the vehicle.

[0004] The composite sound-absorbing structure provided by this utility model includes a porous plate, a sound-absorbing component, and a supporting component;

[0005] The sound-absorbing component includes a micro-perforated plate and a honeycomb filler. The micro-perforated plate forms a square cavity, and the honeycomb filler fills the square cavity.

[0006] The porous plate is parallel to the sound-absorbing component and there is a gap between them;

[0007] The support component passes through the sound-absorbing component and is then connected to the porous plate.

[0008] Multiple through holes are set in the perforated plate to form a sound transmission channel inside the chamber, allowing noise to reach the sound-absorbing component connected to the perforated plate through the through holes. The micro-perforated plate of the sound-absorbing component is the direct reflective surface of the noise. When the sound wave passes through the micropores of the micro-perforated plate, the energy is consumed due to the viscous friction effect. At the same time, the cavity in the honeycomb filler and the micropores form a resonant sound absorption. In addition, compared with a single-layer micro-perforated plate that can only cover low and mid-frequency sounds, this solution forms a square cavity by enclosing the micro-perforated plates, forming a double-layer micro-perforated plate structure with three sets of double layers at the top and bottom, left and right, and front and back, which can extend the sound absorption frequency band to the full frequency band and achieve better sound absorption effect.

[0009] Furthermore, the micro-perforated plate has a thickness of 0.2mm-1mm, a pore diameter of 0.2-1mm, and a perforation rate of 1%-2.5%.

[0010] The double-layer composite structure of the sound-absorbing component can be combined with micro-perforated plates of different thicknesses, pore sizes and perforation rates to control the resonant frequency of the sound waves passing through the perforations for different usage environments, thereby reducing noise in the frequency bands that contribute the most.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the gap is 20-50mm.

[0012] The height of the gap between the sound-absorbing component and the perforated plate should not be too small to avoid the diffusion and propagation of sound waves, nor should it be too high to avoid the entire composite sound-absorbing structure being too thick and occupying too much space, which is not conducive to practical use.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the square cavity is 50-100 mm.

[0014] By adjusting the volume of the air layer in the honeycomb filler of the sound-absorbing component, specific frequency bands corresponding to different noise environments can be absorbed.

[0015] Furthermore, the porous plate includes a porous region and a side region surrounding the porous region, and the projection area of ​​the sound-absorbing component corresponds to the porous region.

[0016] The sound-absorbing component is positioned in the center of the perforated plate to form a multi-dimensional sound channel around the sound-absorbing component, thereby improving the sound absorption efficiency of the side micro-perforated plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the porous area is 3-4mm, and the opening rate is 20%, which ensures the overall strength of the porous plate and facilitates subsequent installation.

[0018] Furthermore, the width of the edge area is 25-75mm. This provides sufficient space to accommodate connecting components and a sound-absorbing channel of suitable width for subsequent installation.

[0019] Another aspect of this utility model provides a vehicle equipped with the aforementioned composite sound-absorbing structure, wherein the perforated panel has the same specifications as the vehicle interior panel unit; it also includes a connecting component that passes through the edge area to connect the composite sound-absorbing structure to the top, side wall, and underside of the seat of the vehicle body.

[0020] Composite sound-absorbing structures are installed in the main areas where transmitted and direct noise are most easily controlled to improve the sound absorption effect inside the enclosure.

[0021] Furthermore, the installation area of ​​the composite sound-absorbing structure accounts for 30-45% of the total top area.

[0022] The top of the carriage body is the most important area for sound absorption control and facilitates the installation of composite sound absorption structures, thereby increasing its installation area to further optimize the sound absorption effect.

[0023] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) The composite sound-absorbing structure provided by this utility model can absorb noise on the reflective surface inside the vehicle body, reduce reverberation, and the vehicle with the composite sound-absorbing structure installed has a high ride comfort.

[0025] 2) The composite sound-absorbing structure provided by this utility model forms a square cavity by enclosing the micro-perforated plate, forming three sets of double-layer micro-perforated plate structures at the top and bottom, left and right, and front and back, which can extend the sound absorption frequency band to the full frequency band and improve the sound absorption effect.

[0026] 3) The composite sound-absorbing structure provided by this utility model achieves more precise frequency band control by combining multi-layer micro-perforated plates with honeycomb fillers. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall composite sound-absorbing structure provided in some embodiments of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a support component provided in some embodiments of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a sectional view of a vehicle provided by some embodiments of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover provided by some embodiments of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle seat provided by some embodiments of this utility model.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 010 Body, 011 Roof, 020 Seats

[0034] 100-well plate, 110-well zone, 120-well edge zone

[0035] 200 sound-absorbing components, 210 micro-perforated panels, 220 honeycomb filler

[0036] 300 support components, 310 screw, 320 nut, 330 U-shaped support.

[0037] 400 connecting parts. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of this utility model.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connect," and "install" should be interpreted broadly, for example, referring to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. The terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation. The term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. All technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains.

[0040] like Figure 3 The typical urban rail vehicle shown has a car body 010 comprising a driver's cab at the front and a passenger compartment at the rear, as... Figures 3-5 As shown, the specifications of the perforated panel 100 are the same as those of the vehicle interior panel unit. To accommodate the arrangement of the vehicle's own components, the composite sound-absorbing structure is distributed and installed inside the vehicle, that is, the composite sound-absorbing structure is replaced and installed at suitable interior panel units. The composite sound-absorbing structure in the driver's cab is distributed and installed on the top cover 011 and side walls of the body, and the area of ​​the composite sound-absorbing structure accounts for 35-45% of the total area of ​​the driver's cab's top interior panel; the composite sound-absorbing structure in the passenger compartment is distributed and installed on the top cover 011, side walls, and underside of the seat 020, and the area of ​​the composite sound-absorbing structure accounts for 30-40% of the total area of ​​the passenger compartment's top interior panel.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the composite sound-absorbing structure includes a perforated plate 100, a sound-absorbing component 200, and a supporting component 300; the perforated plate 100 has multiple through holes with a diameter of 4-8 mm; the sound-absorbing component 200 includes a micro-perforated plate 210 and a honeycomb filler 220, the micro-perforated plate 210 forming a square cavity, and the honeycomb filler 220 being disposed within the square cavity; the supporting component 300 passes through the sound-absorbing component 200 and is connected to the perforated plate 100; there is a gap between the sound-absorbing component 200 and the perforated plate 100.

[0042] Specifically, the outermost layer of the composite sound-absorbing structure is a perforated plate 100, and it also includes connecting parts 400 at the four corners of the perforated plate to allow the composite sound-absorbing structure to be installed in a designated location, such as... Figure 5As shown, the connecting component 400 can be a bolt. The perforated plate 100 has a thickness of 3-4 mm and includes a perforated area 110 and a side area 120 surrounding the perforated area 110. The perforated area 110 has an opening rate of 20% and multiple through holes are evenly distributed with a diameter of 4-8 mm. The width of the side area 120 is 25-75 mm.

[0043] The projection area of ​​the sound-absorbing component 200 corresponds to the porous area 110. The sound-absorbing component 200 includes a micro-perforated plate 210 and a honeycomb filler 220. The thickness of the micro-perforated plate 210 is 0.2mm-1mm, the pore size is 0.2-1mm, and the perforation rate is 1%-2.5%. The micro-perforated plate 210 encloses and forms a square cavity with a thickness of 50-100mm. The honeycomb filler 220 is disposed in the square cavity. The honeycomb filler 220 is a sound-absorbing filler that not only provides a cavity but also absorbs sound. The main sound absorption frequency range of the sound-absorbing filler is between 400-1250Hz.

[0044] The support component 300 passes through the sound-absorbing component 200 and is then connected to the perforated plate 100; specifically, the support component 300 can be selected as follows: Figure 2 The structure shown has a U-shaped support 330 bonded to a perforated plate, a screw 310 inserted into a slot at the upper end of the U-shaped support 330, a screw 310 passing through a sound-absorbing component 200, and nuts 320 at both ends of the screw 310 for fixing the sound-absorbing component 200 and the perforated plate 100. The U-shaped support determines the minimum height of the gap between the sound-absorbing component 200 and the perforated plate 100, and the gap height is adjusted by adjusting the position of the lower nut.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A composite sound-absorbing structure, comprising a porous plate (100), a sound-absorbing component (200), and a supporting component (300); characterized in that, The sound-absorbing component (200) includes a micro-perforated plate (210) and a honeycomb filler (220). The micro-perforated plate (210) surrounds and forms a square cavity, and the honeycomb filler (220) fills the square cavity. The porous plate (100) is parallel to the sound-absorbing component (200) and there is a gap between them; The support member (300) passes through the sound-absorbing member (200) and is then connected to the porous plate (100).

2. The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The micro-perforated plate (210) has a thickness of 0.2mm-1mm, a pore diameter of 0.2-1mm, and a perforation rate of 1%-2.5%.

3. The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the gap is 20-50mm.

4. The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the square cavity is 50-100mm.

5. The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The porous plate (100) includes a porous region (110) and a side region (120) surrounding the porous region (110), and the projection area of ​​the sound-absorbing component (200) corresponds to the porous region (110).

6. The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The porous region (110) has a thickness of 3-4 mm and an opening rate of 20%.

7. The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The width of the edge region (120) is 25-75mm.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that, The composite sound-absorbing structure as described in any one of claims 1-7 is provided, wherein the specifications of the perforated plate (100) are the same as those of the vehicle interior panel unit; it also includes a connecting component (400), which passes through the perforated plate (100) to connect the composite sound-absorbing structure to the top, side wall and underside of the seat (020) of the vehicle body (010).

9. The vehicle as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The installation area of ​​the composite sound-absorbing structure accounts for 30-45% of the total area of ​​the top interior trim.

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