Multi-span hole assembly type cover plate small bridge and culvert structure

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of highway bridge and culvert engineering, and discloses a multi-span hole assembly type cover plate small bridge and culvert structure which comprises a base, side walls, a middle wall and a cover plate. The side walls, the middle wall and the cover plate are all prefabricated parts and can be directly assembled on site, the site formwork erecting work is effectively reduced, the construction process is simplified, and the construction efficiency is improved. And by arranging the positioning assembly, quick alignment and accurate connection in the component mounting process are ensured. The middle wall is provided with the upper boss and the lower boss, the contact area between the middle wall and the cover plate and the contact area between the middle wall and the base are increased, the wall body thickness of the middle wall can be properly reduced, the influence on a water passing section is reduced, and the drainage capacity of the culvert is improved. The cover plate positioning holes and the cover plate positioning steel bars are matched in an inserted mode, and concrete pouring of the cast-in-place connecting areas between the adjacent cover plates is combined, so that rigid connection is formed between the cover plates and the middle wall, a simple supporting structure is converted into a continuous structure, reflection cracks generated between the cover plates are reduced, and the road driving quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of highway bridge and culvert engineering technology, and in particular to a multi-span prefabricated cover plate small bridge and culvert structure. Background Technology

[0002] In highway construction, culverts play a crucial role as indispensable structures. Their main function is to ensure smooth surface traffic while achieving effective underground drainage. Culverts come in various structural forms, commonly including pipe culverts, box culverts, and slab culverts. Among these, slab culverts are widely used due to their simple construction process and strong drainage capacity. In particular, the simply supported slab section can be prefabricated in a factory, greatly reducing on-site work, accelerating construction progress, and contributing to improved overall construction quality.

[0003] Currently, in culverts using slab culvert structures, while the slab structure itself is mostly precast, the remaining parts (such as side walls and intermediate walls) typically still require on-site casting. Due to the complexity and numerous procedures involved in on-site casting, the construction period is not only long, but also requires extensive formwork, increasing construction costs and significantly impacting the overall construction progress. Furthermore, in multi-span slab culvert structures, to meet the structural requirements of supporting the slab without beams, the intermediate walls are usually designed with a large thickness. This not only affects the culvert's water-carrying capacity but also easily leads to siltation in front of the intermediate walls. Simultaneously, multi-span slab culvert structures are usually simply supported, making them prone to reflective cracking, and the slabs are easily displaced, affecting road driving quality and accelerating pavement aging, thus reducing pavement lifespan.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure, which enables rapid and efficient assembly of various components, significantly shortens the construction cycle, reduces construction difficulty, and improves construction quality. In addition, it can not only stably support the cover plate and enhance the overall structural stability, but also effectively reduce the water-blocking area of ​​the central wall and improve the drainage efficiency of the culvert. At the same time, it helps to reduce reflective cracks between cover plates, ensure road driving quality, and extend the service life of the road surface.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Multi-span prefabricated culvert structure with cover plate includes:

[0008] The base, side walls, at least one central wall, and a cover plate; the side walls are located on both sides of the base and arranged along the length of the base; either the base or the side wall has multiple side wall positioning holes, and the other has multiple side wall positioning parts, which are inserted and fixedly connected.

[0009] At least one of the central walls is provided on the base along the length direction of the base and is located between the opposite side walls. The top of the central wall is provided with an upper boss extending along the width direction of the base, and the bottom of the central wall is provided with a lower boss extending along the width direction of the base. Multiple cover plate positioning steel bars are provided on both sides of the upper boss along the length direction of the base. Either the base or the lower boss is provided with multiple central wall positioning holes, and the other is provided with multiple central wall positioning parts. The two are inserted and fixedly connected.

[0010] Multiple cover plates are installed across the top of the side wall and the upper protrusion of the middle wall along the width direction of the base. Each cover plate has multiple cover plate positioning holes on its lower surface, which can be inserted and matched with the cover plate positioning steel bars on one side. A cast-in-place connection area is reserved between adjacent cover plates for pouring concrete so that the adjacent cover plates form an integral continuous structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the base is characterized in that a side wall positioning groove and a middle wall positioning groove are formed on its upper surface along its length direction, a side wall positioning hole is formed in the side wall positioning groove, and a middle wall positioning hole is formed in the middle wall positioning groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the base has side wall grouting holes and middle wall grouting holes along its length. The side wall grouting holes are connected to multiple side wall positioning holes, and the middle wall grouting holes are connected to multiple middle wall positioning holes. The side wall positioning component is a side wall positioning steel bar, which can be inserted into the corresponding side wall positioning hole and can be grouted and anchored through the side wall grouting hole. The middle wall positioning component is a middle wall positioning steel bar, which can be inserted into the corresponding middle wall positioning hole and can be grouted and anchored through the middle wall grouting hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the circumferential joint between each of the cover plate positioning holes and the cover plate positioning reinforcement bars can be sealed by grouting.

[0014] Furthermore, the cover plate includes a cover plate body and a pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly. The pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly is disposed inside the cover plate body and extends partially along the width direction of the base to both sides of the cover plate body. The pre-embedded steel reinforcement assemblies of adjacent cover plates are welded together in the cast-in-place connection area.

[0015] Furthermore, the pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly includes upper main steel reinforcement and lower main steel reinforcement, which are respectively positioned opposite each other on the upper and lower parts of the cover plate body and are evenly spaced along the width direction of the base. Both can extend out of the cover plate body along the width direction of the base. The upper main steel reinforcement and lower main steel reinforcement positioned opposite each other on the cover plate on each upper protrusion are staggered, and the opposite upper main steel reinforcement are welded together one by one to form a negative bending moment zone in the cast-in-place connection area.

[0016] Furthermore, the cast-in-place connection area is provided with cast-in-place zone stirrups and cast-in-place zone structural reinforcement bars. The cast-in-place zone stirrups are arranged vertically around the upper main reinforcement bars and the lower main reinforcement bars to form a closed stirrup frame. Multiple cast-in-place zone structural reinforcement bars are arranged along the length of the base.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the side walls has a cover plate positioning groove on the side closest to the middle wall along the length of the base.

[0018] Furthermore, the upper surface of each of the upper protrusions is configured as a rough surface; and / or

[0019] Both end faces of each of the cover plates are provided with the roughened surface.

[0020] Furthermore, a waterproof layer is provided between the cover plate and the side wall; and / or

[0021] The waterproof layer is placed between the cover plate and the upper protrusion of the middle wall.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] This utility model provides a multi-span prefabricated cap culvert structure, including a base, side walls, at least one intermediate wall, and a cap plate. The base is constructed using a cast-in-place process, while the side walls, intermediate walls, and cap plate are all prefabricated components. By prefabricating the side walls, intermediate walls, and cap plate, they are transported to the construction site for assembly, effectively reducing on-site formwork erection work, simplifying the construction process, and improving construction efficiency. Positioning components are installed at corresponding connection points between the base and the side walls and intermediate walls to ensure rapid alignment and precise connection during component installation, significantly shortening the construction cycle. The components are connected using an embedded method, effectively ensuring the structural installation quality and overall stability. By providing upper and lower protrusions extending along the width of the base at the top and bottom of the central wall, respectively, the contact area between the central wall and the cover plate, as well as between the central wall and the base, is increased, resulting in better stability of the central wall support. This central wall structure allows for a suitable reduction in wall thickness, effectively reducing its water-blocking area in water, minimizing its impact on the water passage cross-section, improving the drainage capacity of the culvert, and lowering costs. It also effectively reduces the retention and accumulation of floating debris, silt, and other impurities at the bottom of the central wall, maintaining unobstructed drainage. Through the insertion and connection of the cover plate positioning holes and the cover plate positioning reinforcement bars, combined with the concrete pouring of the cast-in-place connection area between adjacent cover plates, a rigid connection is formed between the cover plate and the central wall. This transforms the adjacent cover plates from a simply supported structure to a continuous structure, improving the overall continuity of the structure. It effectively resists differential settlement and minor displacement caused by traffic loads, reducing the risk of cover plate damage, misalignment, and reflective cracks caused by displacement or loosening at the joints, ensuring the structural safety and service life of the bridge and culvert. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-span assembled cover plate small bridge culvert structure in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the multi-span prefabricated cover plate small bridge and culvert structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a front view of the multi-span assembled cover plate small bridge and culvert structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the middle wall and cover plate in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a front view of the connection between the middle wall and the cover plate in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a top view of the connection between the central wall and the cover plate in this utility model.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Base; 11. Sidewall positioning hole; 12. Sidewall positioning groove; 13. Middle wall positioning groove; 14. Middle wall positioning hole; 15. Sidewall grouting hole; 16. Middle wall grouting hole;

[0032] 2. Sidewall; 21. Sidewall positioning component; 22. Cover plate positioning groove;

[0033] 3. Middle wall; 31. Upper boss; 32. Cover plate positioning reinforcement; 33. Lower boss; 34. Middle wall positioning component; 35. Middle wall main reinforcement;

[0034] 4. Cover plate; 41. Cover plate positioning hole; 42. Cover plate body; 43. Embedded steel reinforcement assembly; 431. Upper main reinforcement; 432. Upper structural reinforcement; 433. Lower main reinforcement; 434. Lower structural reinforcement;

[0035] 5. Cast-in-place connection area; 51. Stirrups in cast-in-place area; 52. Structural reinforcement in cast-in-place area. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure, including a base 1, side walls 2, at least one middle wall 3, and a cover plate 4. The side walls 2 are located on both sides of the base 1 and arranged along the length of the base 1. One of the base 1 or the side wall 2 has multiple side wall positioning holes 11, and the other has multiple side wall positioning parts 21. The two are plugged in and fixedly connected. At least one middle wall 3 is located on the base 1 along the length of the base 1 and between the opposite side walls 2. The top of the middle wall 3 has an upper boss 31 extending along the width of the base 1, and the bottom has a lower boss 33 extending along the width of the base 1. Multiple cover plate positioning steel bars 32 are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the upper boss 31 along the length direction of the base 1; multiple middle wall positioning holes 14 are opened in either the base 1 or the lower boss 33, and multiple middle wall positioning parts 34 are provided in the other, which are inserted and fixedly connected; multiple cover plates 4 are laid across the top of the side wall 2 and the upper boss 31 of the middle wall 3 along the width direction of the base 1, and multiple cover plate positioning holes 41 are opened on the lower surface of each cover plate 4, which can be inserted and connected with the cover plate positioning steel bars 32 on one side; a cast-in-place connection area 5 is reserved between adjacent cover plates 4 for pouring concrete so that the adjacent cover plates 4 form an integral continuous structure.

[0041] The base 1 is constructed using a monolithic cast-in-place process, while the side walls 2, central walls 3, and cover plate 4 are all precast components, suitable for a construction mode that combines centralized factory production with rapid on-site assembly. By prefabricating the side walls 2, central walls 3, and cover plate 4 and transporting them to the construction site for assembly, on-site formwork erection work can be effectively reduced, the construction process simplified, and construction efficiency improved. Simultaneously, positioning components are installed at corresponding connection points between the base 1 and the side walls 2 and central walls 3 to ensure rapid alignment and precise connection during component installation, further saving assembly time and significantly shortening the construction cycle. The components are connected using an embedded method, effectively ensuring the structural installation quality and overall stability.

[0042] By providing an upper protrusion 31 and a lower protrusion 33 extending along the width of the base 1 at the top and bottom of the middle wall 3 respectively, the contact area between the middle wall 3 and the cover plate 4, as well as between the middle wall 3 and the base 1, is increased, thereby improving the support stability of the middle wall 3. Under the premise of ensuring the same support effect, and with the upper protrusion 31 providing more construction space for the cover plate 4 after hoisting and for the cast-in-place connection area 5, the thickness of the middle wall 3 can be appropriately reduced, thereby effectively reducing its water-blocking area in water, reducing the impact on the water passage section, improving the drainage capacity of the culvert, and reducing costs; it also effectively reduces the retention and accumulation of floating objects, silt and other impurities at the bottom of the middle wall 3, avoiding water flow blockage and culvert siltation, thereby improving the long-term drainage reliability and maintenance convenience of the culvert.

[0043] By interlocking the positioning holes 41 of the cover plate with the positioning steel bars 32 of the cover plate, and combining the concrete pouring of the cast-in-place connection area 5 between adjacent cover plates 4, a rigid connection is formed between the cover plate 4 and the central wall 3, and the adjacent cover plates 4 are transformed from a simply supported structure to a continuous structure. This not only improves the overall continuity of the structure, but also effectively resists the differential settlement and small displacement caused by traffic loads, reduces the risk of damage, misalignment and reflective cracks of the cover plate 4 caused by displacement or loosening at the joint, and ensures the structural safety and service life of the bridge and culvert.

[0044] In other embodiments, the central wall 3 also includes a central wall main steel bar 35 arranged vertically inside it. The upper and lower ends of the central wall main steel bar 35 extend through the upper boss 31 and the lower boss 33 of the central wall 3, respectively. The part extending out of the upper boss 31 is located in the cast-in-place connection area 5 between adjacent cover plates 4. After the concrete is poured, it can form a reliable rigid connection with the cover plate 4, thereby enhancing the overall stability between adjacent cover plates 4. The part of the main steel bar extending out of the lower boss 33 can be inserted into the central wall positioning hole 14 provided on the base 1 and achieve a fixed connection, further improving the connection strength and structural stability between the central wall 3 and the base 1.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, optionally, the upper surface of the cover plate 4 is flush with the upper surface of the concrete, so that the cover plate 4 and the cast-in-place connection area 5 form a continuous and uniform top surface, avoiding unevenness, which is conducive to the overall stress and deformation coordination of the structure, and can also reduce the risk of vehicle impact load or local cracking of concrete caused by height difference.

[0046] Optionally, micro-expansion concrete is used. Since micro-expansion concrete contains an appropriate amount of expansion components (such as calcium oxide, expansion agent, etc.), it produces a small volume expansion in the early stage of hardening, which can effectively compensate for the volume shrinkage of ordinary concrete caused by drying shrinkage, temperature difference, etc., and help reduce cracks caused by constraint. It is suitable for cast-in-place sections, continuous structure connection areas and other places that are prone to cracking.

[0047] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the upper surface of the base 1 is provided with a side wall positioning groove 12 and a middle wall positioning groove 13 along its length direction. The side wall positioning groove 12 is provided with a side wall positioning hole 11, and the middle wall positioning groove 13 is provided with a middle wall positioning hole 14. The side wall positioning groove 12 and the middle wall positioning groove 13 can facilitate the quick positioning and alignment assembly of the side wall 2 and the middle wall 3, thereby enabling the side wall positioning component 21 and the middle wall positioning component 34 to be quickly inserted into the side wall positioning hole 11 and the middle wall positioning hole 14, and to achieve a fixed connection.

[0048] Furthermore, the base 1 has side wall grouting holes 15 and middle wall grouting holes 16 along its length. The side wall grouting holes 15 are connected to multiple side wall positioning holes 11, and the middle wall grouting holes 16 are connected to multiple middle wall positioning holes 14. The side wall positioning component 21 is a positioning steel bar for the side wall 2, which can be inserted into the corresponding side wall positioning hole 11 and can be grouted and anchored through the side wall grouting hole 15. The middle wall positioning component 34 is a positioning steel bar for the middle wall 3, which can be inserted into the corresponding middle wall positioning hole 14 and can be grouted and anchored through the middle wall grouting hole 16. The side wall grouting holes 15 and the middle wall grouting holes 16 can be used to grout the multiple side wall positioning holes 11 and multiple middle wall positioning holes 14. Grouting is performed inside the positioning holes 14 of the central wall, and the grouting method can be used for construction. That is, after the positioning components 21 and 34 of the side wall are inserted into the positioning holes 11 and 14 of the central wall respectively, a high-flowability grout is injected to fill the gap between the components and the hole walls, so that the positioning components 21 and 34 of the side wall and the base 1 form a dense and reliable embedded connection. This not only effectively improves the connection strength and structural stability and compensates for the minor deviations that may occur during the installation of the components, but also has the advantages of simple construction, strong adaptability and good durability, which helps to improve the overall structural performance and long-term service safety. The side wall positioning component 21 can be a side wall positioning steel bar, which is arranged vertically inside the side wall 2 and extends out of the bottom of the side wall 2; the middle wall positioning component 34 can be a side wall positioning steel bar, which is arranged inside the middle wall 3 and can extend out of the bottom of the lower protrusion 33 of the middle wall 3. The vertically arranged positioning steel bar helps to form a continuous force channel between the component and the base 1, optimizes the force transmission path of the overall structure, and improves the seismic resistance and durability of the structure.

[0049] Optionally, after the structure is fixed using the grouting method, a secondary grouting method is used to inject grout again from the reserved side wall grouting holes 15 and middle wall grouting holes 16 to further fill and compact any possible voids. The secondary grouting method can further compensate for the insufficient grouting of the grouting method, fill tiny voids, avoid hollowing or detachment at the structural connection, and improve the connection reliability and load-bearing capacity.

[0050] Optionally, the circumferential joint between each cover plate positioning hole 41 and the cover plate positioning steel bar 32 can be sealed by grouting, which can effectively enhance the synergistic effect between the positioning steel bar and the cover plate 4, avoid the risk of hollowing, cracking and water seepage caused by the circumferential joint, improve the overall compactness and impermeability of the structure, and ensure the durability of the structure; Optionally, mortar can be injected into the circumferential joint for sealing, which is not specifically limited here.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the cover plate 4 includes a cover plate body 42 and a pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly 43. The pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly 43 is disposed inside the cover plate body 42 and extends partially along the width direction of the base 1 to both sides of the cover plate body 42. The pre-embedded steel reinforcement assemblies 43 of adjacent cover plates 4 are welded together in the cast-in-place connection area 5. The pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly 43 embedded in the cover plate 4 can be welded together in the cast-in-place connection area 5, which increases the rigidity of the connection between adjacent cover plates 4. Combined with the subsequent cast-in-place concrete, the cover plate 4 is transformed from a simply supported structure into an integrated continuous structure. This not only transforms the originally relatively independent simply supported structure into a continuous structure that shares the load, but also effectively enhances the connection strength between the cover plates 4.

[0052] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly 43 includes an upper main steel reinforcement 431 and a lower main steel reinforcement 433, which are respectively positioned opposite each other on the upper and lower parts of the cover plate body 42 and are evenly spaced along the width direction of the base 1. Both can extend out of the cover plate body 42 along the width direction of the base 1. The upper main steel reinforcement 431 and the lower main steel reinforcement 433 positioned opposite each other on the adjacent cover plates 4 on each upper boss 31 are staggered, and the opposite upper main steel reinforcement 431 are all welded together to form a negative bending moment zone in the cast-in-place connection area 5; wherein, the upper main steel reinforcement 431 and the lower main steel reinforcement 433 are... The reinforcing bars 433 are respectively arranged at the upper and lower edges of the cover plate body 42, forming an effective force-bearing lever arm, which can fully exert the bending resistance. The upper main reinforcing bars 431 and the lower main reinforcing bars 433 extend outward and can penetrate into the connection area of ​​adjacent cover plates 4, so that the original simply supported members can form a continuous beam structure after casting, improving the overall structure. In addition, the upper main reinforcing bars 431 and the lower main reinforcing bars 433 on each upper boss 31 are staggered in the cast-in-place connection area 5, which makes it easier to weld the joints, which is conducive to the formation of structural continuity by welding the reinforcing bars and improving the connection strength.

[0053] Furthermore, by welding the upper main reinforcing bars 431 one by one into a whole within the cast-in-place connection area 5 of the cover plate 4, the adjacent cover plates 4, which were originally in a simply supported state, form a continuous beam in terms of structural behavior. After the upper main reinforcing bars 431 are continuously connected within the cast-in-place connection area 5, an effective negative bending moment zone can be formed under mid-span load, thereby improving the bending stiffness and overall load-bearing capacity of the structure. At this time, the lower main reinforcing bars 433 can be welded in an intermittent, skip-welding manner, for example, connecting every other one. The specific number of intervals is not specifically limited here, thereby reducing the construction difficulty, facilitating construction, and accelerating the construction progress.

[0054] In this process, after the upper main reinforcement 431 and the lower main reinforcement 433 are welded together, before concrete pouring, the equivalent load pre-deformation method can be used. A heavy object is placed above the cover plate 4 to simulate vehicle load. The heavy object can be, but is not limited to, sandbags or water bags. The position of the heavy object should be close to or cover the cast-in-place connection area 5 so that it is stressed in advance. Then the concrete is poured until the adjacent cover plates 4 are stably connected. The heavy object is then unloaded. At this time, the cover plate 4 of the continuous structure has undergone reverse deformation, so that the cast-in-place connection area 5 can withstand a more uniform stress distribution after being fixed. Therefore, the equivalent load pre-deformation method makes the stress state of the cast-in-place connection area 5 more balanced during the service stage after the concrete is poured, effectively weakening the tensile stress of the post-pouring strip, reducing the risk of crack initiation, and improving the overall stability and durability of the structure.

[0055] Optionally, the pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly 43 also includes an upper structural steel reinforcement 432 and a lower structural steel reinforcement 434. The upper structural steel reinforcement 432 is located between the upper main steel reinforcement 431 and the upper surface of the cover plate body 42, and the lower structural steel reinforcement 434 is located between the lower main steel reinforcement 433 and the lower surface of the cover plate body 42. Both are arranged at intervals along the length of the base 1. The upper structural steel reinforcement 432 and the lower structural steel reinforcement 434 are close to the surface of the cover plate body 42, which can control surface cracks caused by temperature difference, drying shrinkage, etc., and play a role in crack distribution control.

[0056] Because the cover plate positioning hole 41 is opened on the lower surface of the cover plate 4, the area around it is weak, which will cause stress concentration. Especially under the stress of vehicle load, temperature difference or shrinkage, microcracks are more likely to form. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, multiple upper structural steel bars 432 and multiple lower structural steel bars 434 are densely arranged near the cover plate positioning hole 41 of the cover plate body 42, so as to reinforce the opening position of the cover plate 4 and enhance the crack resistance of the opening part of the cover plate 4.

[0057] To enhance the connection strength of the cast-in-place connection area 5, in some embodiments, cast-in-place stirrups 51 and cast-in-place structural reinforcement 52 are provided within the cast-in-place connection area 5. The cast-in-place stirrups 51 are arranged vertically around the upper main reinforcement 431 and the lower main reinforcement 433 to form a closed stirrup frame. Multiple cast-in-place structural reinforcement 52 are arranged along the length of the base 1. The arrangement of the cast-in-place stirrups 51 around the upper main reinforcement 431 and the lower reinforcement helps to laterally restrain the concrete and prevent shear failure or diagonal cracks caused by shear force, negative bending moment or load concentration. Furthermore, the cast-in-place connection area 5 is a negative bending moment concentration area of ​​the bridge deck (such as the pier top), where the upper main reinforcement 431 bears tensile force and the structure is prone to cracking. The closed stirrups can limit the lateral displacement of the upper main reinforcement 431, prevent its buckling, improve the stiffness and ductility of the negative bending moment area, and delay failure. The arrangement of the cast-in-place structural reinforcement 52 along the length of the base 1 helps to share the secondary stresses such as early temperature shrinkage and drying shrinkage.

[0058] In some embodiments, each sidewall 2 has a cover plate positioning groove 22 on the side closest to the central wall 3 along the length of the base 1. This helps to accurately limit and guide the cover plate 4 during installation, improving the stability and assembly accuracy of the cover plate 4 and preventing lateral slippage or positional displacement of the cover plate 4 during installation or service. Furthermore, the cover plate positioning groove 22 can increase the contact area between the cover plate 4 and the sidewall 2, optimize the load transfer path, and more effectively transfer the vertical force on the cover plate 4 to the sidewall 2, further enhancing the overall structural load-bearing performance. Optionally, the top of the positioning groove is kept at the same horizontal level as the upper surface of the cover plate 4, resulting in a smoother surface.

[0059] In some embodiments, the upper surface of each upper boss 31 is set as a rough surface; and / or both end faces of each cover plate 4 are set as rough surfaces, so that the concrete is more tightly connected to the boss and / or cover plate 4.

[0060] The culvert structure is exposed to water flow for a long time. Water can seep in through the gaps between the cover plate 4 and the side wall 2 and the middle wall 3, which may corrode the internal concrete or steel bars and induce problems such as corrosion, carbonization, and freeze-thaw damage. To solve the above problems, a waterproof layer is placed between the cover plate 4 and the side wall 2; and / or a waterproof layer is placed between the cover plate 4 and the upper protrusion 31 of the middle wall 3. The waterproof layer can effectively block the seepage path, reduce the risk of moisture inside the structure, and improve the overall service life.

[0061] Optionally, the waterproof layer may be, but is not limited to, asphalt felt, and the amount of asphalt felt can be laid according to the actual situation, without specific limitations.

[0062] In some embodiments, multiple cover plates 4 can be arranged side by side along the length of the base 1. Construction personnel can flexibly increase or decrease the number of cover plates 4 according to different bridge and culvert lengths or terrain conditions to adapt to various spans and traffic needs, thereby enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the structure.

[0063] The specific construction method for multi-span prefabricated slab bridge and culvert structures is as follows:

[0064] S1: Prefabricate the side wall 2, middle wall 3 and cover plate 4 in advance and transport them to the construction site for use;

[0065] S2: The base 1 is cast on site using the integral cast-in-place process, and the base 1 is reserved with side wall positioning holes 11, side wall grouting holes 15, middle wall positioning holes 14 and middle wall grouting holes 16.

[0066] S3: Assemble the sidewalls 2 on both sides of the base 1 and arrange them along the length of the base 1. Insert the sidewall positioning parts 21 at the bottom of the sidewalls 2 into the corresponding sidewall positioning holes 11. At the same time, arrange the middle wall 3 between the two sidewalls 2 at a preset interval. The middle wall 3 is parallel to the sidewalls 2. Insert the middle wall positioning parts 34 at the bottom of the lower boss 33 of the middle wall 3 into the middle wall positioning holes 14.

[0067] S4: Using the grouting method, grout is injected into the positioning holes 11 and 14 of the side wall and the middle wall through the grouting holes 15 and 16 of the side wall to achieve the initial anchoring of the middle wall 3 and the side wall 2.

[0068] S5: After the initial grouting has solidified, a second grouting is performed through the side wall grouting hole 15 and the middle wall grouting hole 16 to achieve the re-anchoring of the middle wall 3 and the side wall 2.

[0069] S6: A waterproof layer is laid in the cover plate positioning groove 22 at the top of the side wall 2 and on the top surface of the upper boss 31 of the middle wall 3;

[0070] S7: Align the cover plate positioning holes 41 on the lower surface of the cover plate 4 with the corresponding cover plate positioning steel bars 32 on the upper boss 31 of the middle wall 3 and insert them in sequence, and place the cover plate 4 in the upper boss 31 of the middle wall 3 and the positioning groove 12 of the side wall to complete the positioning; reserve a cast-in-place connection area 5 between adjacent cover plates 4 in the area of ​​the upper boss 31 of the middle wall 3.

[0071] S8: After all the cover plates 4 are in place, the upper main steel bars 431 arranged opposite to each other in each cast-in-place connection area 5 are welded together to form a negative bending moment zone.

[0072] S9: Within the cast-in-place connection area 5, lay and tie the cast-in-place stirrups 51 and the cast-in-place structural steel bars 52 to form a closed steel frame structure.

[0073] S10: Clean the impurities on the top surface of the upper boss 31 of the inner wall 3 of the cast-in-place connection area 5 and the ends of both sides of the cover plate 4;

[0074] S11: The equivalent load pre-deformation method is adopted. A load simulating vehicle load is placed on top of the welded cover plate 4 to induce controlled pre-deformation of the cover plate 4, thereby reducing the tensile stress and crack risk in the later connection area.

[0075] S12: Pour concrete in the cast-in-place connection area 5 and ensure that its top surface is flush with the upper surface of the cover plate 4; after the concrete is poured, it should be fully vibrated and compacted and cured in the later stage to ensure the quality of the concrete in the connection zone.

[0076] S13: Inject grout into the circumferential joint between the cover plate positioning hole 41 and the cover plate positioning steel bar 32 to complete the sealing treatment.

[0077] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure, characterized in that, include: The base (1), side wall (2), at least one middle wall (3) and cover plate (4); the side wall (2) is provided on both sides of the base (1) and arranged along the length of the base (1); either the base (1) or the side wall (2) is provided with multiple side wall positioning holes (11), and the other is provided with multiple side wall positioning parts (21); the two are plugged in and fixedly connected. At least one of the central walls (3) is provided on the base (1) along the length direction of the base (1) and located between the opposite side walls (2). The top of the central wall (3) is provided with an upper boss (31) extending along the width direction of the base (1), and the bottom of the central wall (3) is provided with a lower boss (33) extending along the width direction of the base (1). Multiple cover plate positioning steel bars (32) are provided on both sides of the upper surface of the upper boss (31) along the length direction of the base (1). The base (1) or the lower boss (33) is provided with multiple central wall positioning holes (14), and the other is provided with multiple central wall positioning parts (34). The two are inserted and fitted together and fixedly connected. Multiple cover plates (4) are installed across the top of the side wall (2) and the upper boss (31) of the middle wall (3) along the width direction of the base (1). Each cover plate (4) has multiple cover plate positioning holes (41) on its lower surface, which can be inserted and matched with the cover plate positioning steel bar (32) on one side. A cast-in-place connection area (5) is reserved between adjacent cover plates (4) for pouring concrete so that adjacent cover plates (4) form an integral continuous structure.

2. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) has a side wall positioning groove (12) and a middle wall positioning groove (13) along its length on its upper surface. The side wall positioning groove (12) has a side wall positioning hole (11) and the middle wall positioning groove (13) has a middle wall positioning hole (14).

3. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The base (1) has side wall grouting holes (15) and middle wall grouting holes (16) along its length. The side wall grouting holes (15) are connected to multiple side wall positioning holes (11), and the middle wall grouting holes (16) are connected to multiple middle wall positioning holes (14). The side wall positioning component (21) is a side wall positioning steel bar that can be inserted into the corresponding side wall positioning hole (11) and can be grouted and anchored through the side wall grouting hole (15). The middle wall positioning component (34) is a middle wall positioning steel bar that can be inserted into the corresponding middle wall positioning hole (14) and can be grouted and anchored through the middle wall grouting hole (16).

4. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circumferential joint between each of the cover plate positioning holes (41) and the cover plate positioning reinforcement bars (32) can be sealed by grouting.

5. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (4) includes a cover plate body (42) and a pre-embedded steel bar assembly (43). The pre-embedded steel bar assembly (43) is located inside the cover plate body (42) and extends partially along the width direction of the base (1) to both sides of the cover plate body (42). The pre-embedded steel bar assemblies (43) of adjacent cover plates (4) are welded together in the cast-in-place connection area (5).

6. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The pre-embedded steel reinforcement assembly (43) includes an upper main steel reinforcement (431) and a lower main steel reinforcement (433), which are respectively positioned opposite each other on the upper and lower parts of the cover plate body (42) and are evenly spaced along the width direction of the base (1). Both can extend out of the cover plate body (42) along the width direction of the base (1). The upper main steel reinforcement (431) and the lower main steel reinforcement (433) positioned opposite each other on the cover plate (4) on each upper boss (31) are staggered, and the opposite upper main steel reinforcement (431) are welded together one by one so that the cast-in-place connection area (5) forms a negative bending moment zone.

7. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cast-in-place connection area (5) is provided with cast-in-place stirrups (51) and cast-in-place structural steel bars (52). The cast-in-place stirrups (51) are arranged vertically around the upper main steel bar (431) and the lower main steel bar (433) to form a closed stirrup frame. Multiple cast-in-place structural steel bars (52) are arranged along the length of the base (1).

8. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Each of the side walls (2) has a cover plate positioning groove (22) on the side of the top of the side wall (2) near the middle wall (3) along the length of the base (1).

9. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The upper surface of each of the aforementioned upper bosses (31) is set as a rough surface; and / or Both ends of each of the cover plates (4) are provided with the rough surface.

10. The multi-span prefabricated cover plate culvert structure according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, A waterproof layer is provided between the cover plate (4) and the side wall (2); and / or The waterproof layer is placed between the cover plate (4) and the upper boss (31) of the middle wall (3).

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