Lateral battery replacement mine truck battery with ventilation cooling structure
By designing prefabricated water-cooled and air-cooled components, the problems of low assembly efficiency and insufficient heat dissipation of battery cooling pipes in side-swappable mining trucks in confined spaces are solved, achieving efficient and stable cooling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INNER MONGOLIA SHENGCHI ENGINEERING MACHINERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Existing side-swappable mining truck batteries suffer from problems such as internal cooling pipes being bent and deformed due to space constraints, low assembly efficiency, and insufficient heat dissipation capacity due to a single heat dissipation method.
Prefabricated water-cooled inlet and outlet pipes are used, combined with air-cooled heat exchange pipes and bent guide pipes to form a layered three-dimensional cooling pipe assembly. Ambient air is used as a cold source for countercurrent heat exchange, and hollow air guide plates are used for uniform air cooling to ensure the smoothness and uniformity of coolant and airflow.
It improves assembly efficiency, avoids pipe deformation and blockage, enhances the stability and heat dissipation capacity of the cooling system, and ensures battery temperature uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224248723U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a side-swapping battery for mining vehicles, specifically a side-swapping battery for mining vehicles equipped with a ventilation and cooling structure, belonging to the field of power battery thermal management technology. Background Technology
[0002] With the widespread application of new energy technologies in mining dump trucks, the arrangement of battery packs has become a key factor affecting the overall operational efficiency of mines. Currently, the common rear-mounted battery frame design, due to its occupation of space behind the cab, directly reduces the effective volume of the cargo box, thus limiting the vehicle's carrying capacity. In contrast, side-mounted battery frames, with their smaller space requirements, are receiving increasing attention from the industry. To meet the demand for large-capacity batteries in side-mounted mining vehicles, large-capacity battery packs are often required to be arranged on both sides of the vehicle. Simultaneously, the corresponding battery cooling system must be integrated inside the battery frame. However, the internal space of the battery frame is extremely compact, severely limiting the piping layout of the thermal management system.
[0003] In existing technologies, such as the electric mining dump truck battery cooling system and control method disclosed in CN114335807A, at least two parallel cooling units are used in conjunction with parallel battery packs. The coolant is circulated through a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe. Each battery pack includes at least two parallel battery cells, and each battery cell includes at least two series-connected battery modules. Although this scheme achieves multi-unit joint cooling, its cooling pipes use traditional rubber hose connections. In the compact space of the mining truck battery frame, the pipe routing needs to be bent multiple times to adapt to space constraints. Traditional rubber hoses are prone to deformation or even kinking under large bending angles, which seriously affects the flow cross-sectional area and smoothness of the coolant, thereby reducing the overall efficiency of the battery cooling system. At the same time, traditional rubber hoses need to be cut and disassembled on-site according to the actual routing. Since the length and routing of each hose are inconsistent, it not only greatly affects the assembly efficiency, but also increases the risk of poor pipe sealing due to human error. For example, CN121663029A discloses a lithium battery module structure with an internal thermal management channel. It discloses a technical solution that sets heat dissipation grooves on both sides of the protective compartment, separates multiple channels by "Π"-shaped heat conduction strips, and extends one end of the internal heat conduction rod to the liquid outlet channel to dissipate the residual heat of the coolant and the heat conducted by the battery to the compartment wall. This design constructs a synergistic heat dissipation mode that combines liquid cooling and air cooling. However, its pipeline system still adopts the traditional method. In the specific application scenario of the battery swapping frame on the side of the mining truck, the internal space of the battery frame is occupied by various components such as battery modules, liquid cooling plates, and air ducts, and the pipeline layout space is extremely limited. Traditional rubber hoses are difficult to achieve efficient and reliable routing within the limited space. Utility Model Content
[0004] This utility model addresses the problems of existing side-swappable mining truck batteries, such as bending and deformation of internal cooling pipes due to space limitations, low assembly efficiency, and insufficient heat dissipation capacity of a single heat dissipation method, by providing a side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure.
[0005] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: a side-swappable mining vehicle battery with a ventilation and cooling structure, including a battery shell and multiple power batteries disposed therein, with exhaust holes opened on the side wall of the battery shell, a heat exchange air inlet hood opened on the top of the battery shell, and a heat dissipation air inlet hood provided on the front side of the battery shell along the forward direction.
[0006] The battery casing also houses a cooling pipe assembly and a gas-liquid heat exchange assembly. The cooling pipe assembly is connected to the power battery, and the gas-liquid heat exchange assembly is connected in series within the cooling pipe assembly. The cooling pipe assembly includes a pre-formed water-cooled inlet pipe and a water-cooled outlet pipe. The routing of the water-cooled inlet pipe and the water-cooled outlet pipe is layered according to the internal space of the battery casing and the interface position. The gas-liquid heat exchange assembly includes an air-cooled heat exchange pipe and a bent guide pipe. The bent guide pipe connects the water-cooled inlet pipe and the water-cooled outlet pipe. The air-cooled heat exchange pipe is sleeved on the outside of the bent guide pipe. The upper end of the air-cooled heat exchange pipe is connected to the heat exchange air inlet shroud. A radiator connects the bent guide pipe and the water-cooled inlet pipe.
[0007] The battery casing is equipped with a hollow air guide plate. Several air guide holes are opened on the side of the hollow air guide plate closest to the power battery, and the other side of the hollow air guide plate is connected to the heat dissipation air inlet cover.
[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: the water-cooled inlet pipe is configured to correspond one-to-one with multiple power batteries, and the multiple water-cooled inlet pipes are connected to the inlet water delivery pipe. The water-cooled outlet pipe is configured to correspond one-to-one with multiple power batteries, and the multiple water-cooled outlet pipes are connected to the outlet water delivery pipe. Both the inlet water delivery pipe and the outlet water delivery pipe are prefabricated pipes, and the inlet water delivery pipe, the outlet water delivery pipe, the water-cooled inlet pipe, and the water-cooled outlet pipe together constitute a layered three-dimensional cooling pipe assembly.
[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model: each power battery is equipped with a liquid cooling plate at the bottom, the water cooling inlet pipe is sealed to the water inlet of the liquid cooling plate, and the water cooling outlet pipe is sealed to the water outlet of the liquid cooling plate.
[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model: each power battery has a pad at its bottom, the pad supports the power battery and makes the liquid cooling plate fit tightly against the bottom surface of the power battery.
[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the air-cooled heat exchange tube and the bent guide tube are coaxially sleeved, the bottom end of the air-cooled heat exchange tube is connected to an exhaust pipe, the body of the exhaust pipe penetrates the bottom surface of the battery casing, the bottom end of the bent guide tube is connected to the water outlet pipe, the upper end of the bent guide tube is connected to the water inlet pipe, and the airflow direction in the air-cooled heat exchange tube is opposite to the water flow direction in the bent guide tube.
[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model: a water pipe slot and a positioning slot are provided on the inner wall of the battery casing. The positioning slot is located on both sides of the water pipe slot. The water-cooled inlet pipe and the water-cooled outlet pipe are both placed in the water pipe slot. The body of the water-cooled inlet pipe and the water-cooled outlet pipe are both fastened with semi-circular clamps, and multiple semi-circular clamps are fixed in the positioning slots provided on the inner wall of the battery casing.
[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model: both ends of the semi-circular clamp are provided with buckle inserts, which are limited and inserted into the positioning slots; the inner side of the semi-circular clamp is provided with symmetrically arranged outward-inclined pressure strips, which are deformed outwards when the semi-circular clamp clamps the water pipe wall.
[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model: a partition is provided inside the battery casing, and the connection position of the partition is located between the power battery and the air-cooled heat exchange pipe.
[0015] As a further improvement of this utility model: several vent holes are provided on the side wall of the battery casing, and each vent hole is inclined, with the inclination direction of the vent hole facing outward from the battery casing.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0017] 1. This utility model is equipped with a battery casing and multiple power batteries. The battery casing has exhaust holes on its side wall and a heat exchange air inlet hood on its top. The battery casing has a heat dissipation air inlet hood along the front side of the forward direction. The exhaust holes provide a channel for hot air inside the battery casing to be discharged. When external cold air enters the battery casing from the heat dissipation air inlet hood, the airflow temperature rises after flowing over the surface of the power battery. The hot air is discharged in time through the exhaust holes to avoid the accumulation of hot air inside the battery casing. The heat dissipation air inlet hood uses the wind pressure of the mining truck to directly introduce external cold air into the battery casing. It is evenly distributed to the gaps between each power battery through the hollow air guide plate for surface air cooling. The heat exchange air inlet hood independently introduces external cold air into the air-cooled heat exchange pipe for heat exchange with the coolant in the bent guide pipe. This ensures the supply of cold air for the battery surface air cooling and provides an independent source of cold air for gas-liquid heat exchange, avoiding the problem of insufficient airflow or uneven distribution of cooling from a single air inlet.
[0018] 2. The battery casing of this utility model also includes a cooling pipe assembly and a gas-liquid heat exchange assembly. The cooling pipe assembly is connected to the power battery, and the gas-liquid heat exchange assembly is connected in series within the cooling pipe assembly. The cooling pipe assembly includes a pre-formed water-cooled inlet pipe and a water-cooled outlet pipe, the routing of which is layered according to the internal space and interface positions of the battery casing. The gas-liquid heat exchange assembly includes an air-cooled heat exchange pipe and a bent guide pipe. The bent guide pipe connects the water-cooled inlet pipe and the water-cooled outlet pipe, and the air-cooled heat exchange pipe is sleeved within the bent guide pipe. On the outside of the tube body, the upper end of the air-cooled heat exchange tube is connected to the heat exchange air inlet shroud. A radiator is connected between the bent guide tube and the water-cooled inlet tube. By using pre-formed water-cooled inlet and outlet tubes, and shaping the pipeline according to the internal space and interface positions of the battery casing, the traditional assembly method of rubber hoses that need to be disassembled and cut on-site and arbitrarily routed has been completely changed. The pre-formed pipeline is shaped at the factory according to the three-dimensional spatial structure inside the battery casing, the position of each power battery inlet and outlet, and the avoidance relationship with other components. No measurement is required during assembly. The installation process, including cutting, bending, and other steps, can be completed simply by placing the pipes into the predetermined positions, significantly improving assembly efficiency and reducing human error. Furthermore, because the pipe routing is pre-fixed, it avoids pipe deformation, kinking, or even blockage caused by forced bending in confined spaces, ensuring the coolant's cross-sectional area and smooth flow. This guarantees the cooling system's stable and efficient operation. When the coolant flows out of the water-cooled outlet pipe, it carries a large amount of heat generated during battery operation and first enters the inlet section of the bent guide pipe. At this point, external cold air introduced by the heat exchange air inlet shroud is then... The coolant flows inside the air-cooled heat exchange pipe outside the bent guide pipe, forming a counter-current heat exchange with the hot coolant inside the bent guide pipe. The coolant is pre-cooled before entering the radiator, using ambient air as a cold source to reduce the initial temperature of the coolant without increasing additional energy consumption. The pre-cooled coolant then enters the radiator for main heat dissipation. Since the temperature of the coolant when it enters the radiator is already lower than the temperature when it flows directly out of the power battery, the heat dissipation load of the radiator is reduced, allowing the radiator to cool the coolant to a lower target temperature, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of liquid cooling.
[0019] 3. The battery casing of this utility model is provided with a hollow air guide plate. Several air guide holes are opened on the side of the hollow air guide plate near the power battery. The other side of the hollow air guide plate is connected to the heat dissipation air inlet shroud. The external cold air introduced by the heat dissipation air inlet shroud first enters the internal cavity of the hollow air guide plate. Since the internal cavity of the hollow air guide plate has a large cross-sectional area, the airflow velocity is reduced in it. Then the airflow is sprayed onto the surface and gaps of the power battery through the evenly distributed air guide holes. The distribution of air guide holes makes the air volume distribution more uniform, so that the airflow has completed rectification and pressure equalization before contacting the power battery. The airflow is more stable and orderly, reducing turbulence loss and improving the uniformity of air cooling. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery casing of this utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the power battery, water-cooled inlet pipe, water-cooled outlet pipe, air-cooled heat exchange pipe, and bent guide pipe of this utility model.
[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the water-cooled inlet pipe, water-cooled outlet pipe, air-cooled heat exchange pipe, and bent guide pipe of this utility model.
[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the air-cooled heat exchange tube and the bent guide tube of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 6 This utility model Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;
[0026] Figure 7 This utility model Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B;
[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the water-cooled inlet pipe and the inner wall of the battery casing of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-circular clamp structure of this utility model.
[0029] In the diagram: 1. Battery casing; 11. Vent hole; 12. Heat dissipation air inlet shroud; 13. Heat exchange air inlet shroud; 14. Separator; 15. Exhaust pipe; 16. Water pipe slot; 17. Positioning slot; 2. Power battery; 21. Liquid cooling plate; 22. Pad; 3. Hollow air guide plate; 31. Air guide hole; 4. Water cooling inlet pipe; 41. Water inlet delivery pipe; 5. Water cooling outlet pipe; 51. Water outlet delivery pipe; 6. Air cooling heat exchange pipe; 7. Bent guide pipe; 71. Radiator; 8. Semi-circular clamp; 81. Outward-curving pressure strip; 82. Snap-fit rod. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0031] Example 1
[0032] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, a side-swappable battery for a mining vehicle with a ventilation and cooling structure includes a battery casing 1 and multiple power batteries 2 disposed therein. The battery casing 1 has exhaust vents 11 on its side wall and a heat exchange air inlet shroud 13 on its top. A heat dissipation air inlet shroud 12 is located on the front side of the battery casing 1 along the forward direction. The exhaust vents 11 provide a passage for hot air inside the battery casing 1 to escape. When external cold air enters the battery casing 1 through the heat dissipation air inlet shroud 12, the airflow temperature rises after passing over the surface of the power batteries 2, and the hot air is promptly discharged through the exhaust vents 11. To prevent hot air from accumulating inside the battery casing 1, the heat dissipation air inlet 12 uses the wind pressure of the mining truck to directly introduce external cold air into the battery casing 1. The air is then evenly distributed to the gaps between the power batteries 2 through the hollow air guide plate 3 for surface air cooling. Meanwhile, the heat exchange air inlet 13 independently introduces external cold air into the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6 for heat exchange with the coolant in the bent guide pipe 7. This ensures both the supply of cold air for surface cooling of the battery and an independent source of cold air for gas-liquid heat exchange, avoiding the problem of insufficient airflow or uneven distribution of cooling from a single air inlet.
[0033] The battery casing 1 also houses a cooling pipe assembly and a gas-liquid heat exchange assembly. The cooling pipe assembly is connected to the power battery 2, and the gas-liquid heat exchange assembly is connected in series within the cooling pipe assembly. The cooling pipe assembly includes a pre-formed water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and a water-cooled outlet pipe 5. The routing of the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5 is layered according to the internal space and interface positions of the battery casing 1. The gas-liquid heat exchange assembly includes an air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6 and a bent guide pipe 7. The bent guide pipe 7 connects the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5. The air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6 is sleeved on the outside of the bent guide pipe 7, and the upper end of the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6 is connected to the heat exchange air inlet shroud 13. A radiator 71 connects the bent guide pipe 7 to the water-cooled inlet pipe 4. By using pre-fabricated water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and water-cooled outlet pipe 5, and by layering and shaping the pipe routing according to the internal space and interface positions of the battery casing 1, the traditional assembly method of rubber hoses requiring on-site cutting and arbitrary routing has been completely changed. The pre-fabricated pipes are shaped at the factory according to the three-dimensional spatial structure inside the battery casing 1, the positions of the inlet and outlet of each power battery 2, and the avoidance relationship with other components. During assembly, there is no need for measurement, cutting, bending, or other processes. The pipes can be directly placed in the predetermined position to complete the installation, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency and reduces human error. The cooling system is efficient and efficient. However, because the pipe routing is pre-fixed, it avoids pipe deformation, kinking, or even blockage caused by forced bending in narrow spaces, ensuring the coolant's cross-sectional area and smooth flow. This ensures the cooling system operates stably and efficiently. When the coolant flows out of the water-cooled outlet pipe 5, it carries a large amount of heat generated by the power battery 2 during operation. It first enters the inlet section of the bent guide pipe 7. At this time, the external cold air introduced by the heat exchange air inlet shroud 13 flows within the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6, which is sleeved outside the bent guide pipe 7. This creates a counter-current heat exchange with the hot coolant inside the bent guide pipe 7. The coolant is pre-cooled before entering the radiator 71, utilizing ambient air... As a cold source, the initial temperature of the coolant is reduced without increasing additional energy consumption. The pre-cooled coolant then enters the radiator 71 for main heat dissipation. Since the temperature of the coolant when it enters the radiator 71 is lower than the temperature when it flows directly out from the power battery 2, the heat dissipation load of the radiator 71 is reduced, enabling the radiator 71 to cool the coolant to a lower target temperature, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of liquid cooling. It should be noted that the radiator 71 can be the radiator composed of a cooling fan and a cooling water pump involved in the control system and method for reducing the energy consumption of a pure electric mining vehicle and its radiator disclosed in CN120462086A.
[0034] A hollow air guide plate 3 is provided inside the battery casing 1. Several air guide holes 31 are opened on the side of the hollow air guide plate 3 near the power battery 2. The other side of the hollow air guide plate 3 is connected to the heat dissipation air inlet shroud 12. The external cold air introduced by the heat dissipation air inlet shroud 12 first enters the internal cavity of the hollow air guide plate 3. Since the internal cavity of the hollow air guide plate 3 has a large cross-sectional area, the airflow velocity is reduced in it. Then the airflow is sprayed onto the surface and gaps of the power battery 2 through the evenly distributed air guide holes 31. The distribution of the air guide holes 31 makes the air volume distribution more uniform, so that the airflow has completed rectification and pressure equalization before contacting the power battery 2. The airflow is more stable and orderly, reducing turbulence loss and improving the uniformity of air cooling.
[0035] Example 2
[0036] Improvements based on Example 1:
[0037] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the water-cooled inlet pipes 4 are configured one-to-one with multiple power batteries 2, and the multiple water-cooled inlet pipes 4 are connected to the inlet delivery pipes 41. The water-cooled outlet pipes 5 are configured one-to-one with multiple power batteries 2, and the multiple water-cooled outlet pipes 5 are connected to the outlet delivery pipes 51. Both the inlet delivery pipes 41 and the outlet delivery pipes 51 are prefabricated pipes, and the inlet delivery pipes 41, the outlet delivery pipes 51, the water-cooled inlet pipes 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipes 5 together constitute a layered three-dimensional cooling pipe assembly. The liquid cooling plates 2 of each power battery 2 are connected by the corresponding water-cooled inlet pipes 4 and water-cooled outlet pipes 5. The system includes inlet and outlet water inlets, and connects the inlet water delivery pipe 41 and outlet water delivery pipe 51 to achieve parallel convergence and divergence of each branch. This parallel pipeline layout ensures that each power battery 2 receives the same coolant temperature, as they all come directly from the coolant cooled by the radiator 71, thus ensuring the uniformity of the operating temperature of each power battery 2. The inlet water delivery pipe 41, outlet water delivery pipe 51, water-cooled inlet pipe 4, and water-cooled outlet pipe 5 are all prefabricated pipelines. During assembly, no on-site cutting, bending, or adjustment is required. The entire pipeline assembly can be directly placed into the battery casing 1 to complete the installation, improving assembly efficiency.
[0038] Furthermore, each power battery 2 is equipped with a liquid cooling plate 21 at its bottom. The water-cooled inlet pipe 4 is sealed to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate 21, and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5 is sealed to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 21. The heat generated by the power battery 2 during charging and discharging is conducted to the liquid cooling plate 21 through the bottom. The sealed connection between the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the liquid cooling outlet pipe 5 forms a complete liquid cooling loop from the radiator 71 through the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 to the liquid cooling plate 21 and then back to the radiator 71 through the water-cooled outlet pipe 5, realizing rapid heat dissipation of the power battery 2. At the same time, the bottom arrangement of the liquid cooling plate 21 does not occupy the space on the side and top of the battery, leaving sufficient space for the air cooling system and other auxiliary components, realizing spatial compatibility between water cooling and air cooling.
[0039] Furthermore, each power battery 2 has a pad 22 at its bottom. The pad 22 supports the power battery 2 and ensures that the liquid cooling plate 21 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the power battery 2. The pad 22 ensures that the liquid cooling plate 21 can maintain a uniform contact pressure with the bottom surface of the power battery 2 after installation, thereby ensuring the continuity of the heat conduction path and low thermal resistance characteristics. The pad 22 set between multiple power batteries 2 can leave gaps between the power batteries 2, which can ensure the effective contact of the liquid cooling plate 21 while reserving sufficient space for the bottom air cooling channel, so as to achieve coordinated heat dissipation of water cooling and air cooling. It should be noted that the material of the pad 22 is thermally conductive rubber or metal material with certain elasticity and good thermal conductivity. While ensuring the contact pressure, it absorbs the vibration and impact generated during the movement of the mining vehicle, and avoids wear or damage between the liquid cooling plate 21 and the power battery 2 due to rigid contact.
[0040] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 and the bent guide tube 7 are coaxially sleeved. The bottom end of the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 is connected to the exhaust pipe 15, and the body of the exhaust pipe 15 penetrates the bottom surface of the battery casing 1. The bottom end of the bent guide tube 7 is connected to the water outlet pipe 51, and the upper end of the bent guide tube 7 is connected to the water inlet pipe 41. The airflow direction in the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 is opposite to the water flow direction in the bent guide tube 7. By setting the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 and the bent guide tube 7 to be coaxially sleeved, that is, the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 as the outer tube and the bent guide tube 7 as the inner tube, an annular heat exchange channel is formed between the two, so that the heat exchange area is maximized in a limited space, thereby improving the heat dissipation capacity of the entire liquid cooling system. The exhaust pipe 15 connected to the bottom end of the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 allows the hot air after heat exchange to be directly discharged from the bottom of the battery casing 1, avoiding the hot air from lingering inside the battery casing 1.
[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the inner wall of the battery casing 1 has a water pipe slot 16 and a positioning slot 17. The positioning slot 17 is located on both sides of the water pipe slot 16. The water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5 are both inserted into the water pipe slot 16. The pipes of the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5 are both secured with semi-circular clamps 8, and multiple semi-circular clamps 8 are fixed in the positioning slots 17 on the inner wall of the battery casing 1. The groove shape of the water pipe slot 16 is consistent with the pre-formed water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5. The outer diameter of the outlet pipe 5 is matched, and the pipe can be directly placed into the water pipe slot 16 during assembly to achieve radial positioning, reducing the assembly difficulty; the positioning slot 17 is used to install the semi-circular clamp 8. After the semi-circular clamp 8 is snapped onto the pipe body of the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 and the water-cooled outlet pipe 5, it is fixed in the positioning slot 17. The water pipe slot 16 bears the axial constraint of the pipe, and the semi-circular clamp 8 bears the radial constraint force of the pipe, ensuring that the pipe will not be displaced or loosened under the long-term high-intensity vibration condition of the mining vehicle.
[0042] Furthermore, both ends of the semicircular clamp 8 are provided with snap-fit rods 82, which are inserted into the positioning slots 17 for limiting their placement. The inner side of the semicircular clamp 8 is provided with symmetrically arranged outward-inclined pressure strips 81. When the semicircular clamp 8 clamps the water pipe wall, the outward-inclined pressure strips 81 deform outwards. During assembly, simply align the semicircular clamp 8 with the positioning slots 17 and press it down to complete the installation. This can be operated by one person with one hand, significantly improving assembly efficiency. The outward-inclined pressure strips 81, when the semicircular clamp 8 clamps the water pipe wall... When the semi-circular clamp 8 is installed in place, the outward-tilting pressure strip 81 undergoes an outward-tilting elastic deformation under the reaction force of the outer wall of the pipeline. The rebound force generated by the deformation makes the pressure strip fit tightly against the outer wall of the pipeline, forming a multi-point contact compression. Even if there is a small tolerance in the outer diameter of the pipeline or if the size changes during use, the outward-tilting pressure strip 81 can automatically compensate through elastic deformation, always maintaining a constant compression force, avoiding the problem of excessive tightness or looseness caused by dimensional deviations of traditional rigid clamps.
[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the battery casing 1 has a partition 14 inside. The connection position of the partition 14 is located between the power battery 2 and the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6. The partition 14 divides the inside of the battery casing 1 into two relatively independent chambers. One side accommodates the power battery 2 and its directly related components such as the water-cooled inlet pipe 4, the water-cooled outlet pipe 5, and the hollow air guide plate 3. The other side accommodates the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6, the bent guide pipe 7, and other gas-liquid heat exchange components. This prevents the heat emitted by the power battery 2 from being transferred to the gas-liquid heat exchange area, ensuring that the temperature of the cold air entering the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6 is not affected by the working heat of the battery, thereby maintaining the efficient working state of the gas-liquid heat exchange components.
[0044] Furthermore, several vent holes 11 are provided on the side wall of the battery casing 1, and each vent hole 11 is set at an angle, with the angle of the vent hole 11 facing outwards from the battery casing 1. The outlet of the inclined channel also faces outwards from the battery casing 1. When the mining truck is driving, the airflow on the side of the vehicle generates a certain negative pressure effect when it passes through the outlet of the vent hole 11. This negative pressure can actively draw in the hot air inside the battery casing 1, forming a passive auxiliary ventilation. Since the channel of the vent hole 11 is inclined, when dust particles in the outside air enter the vent hole 11 with the airflow, most of the dust particles cannot directly enter the inside of the battery casing 1 because there is an angle between the airflow direction and the channel direction. The inclined vent hole 11 also prevents external rainwater or washing water from entering the inside of the battery casing 1 under the action of gravity, effectively preventing the risk of electrical short circuit that may be caused by water entering the inside of the battery casing 1.
[0045] Working principle: When the mining truck starts or the power battery 2 starts working, the coolant circulates in the liquid cooling circuit. At the same time, the air cooling system starts to form a convection heat dissipation channel. In the liquid cooling circulation circuit, the coolant begins to circulate under the drive of the cooling water pump of the radiator 71. The low-temperature coolant flows out from the outlet of the radiator 71 and enters the inlet water delivery pipe 41, which delivers the low-temperature coolant to the water cooling inlet pipe 4. Each water cooling inlet pipe 4 is connected to the corresponding inlet of the liquid cooling plate 21 at the bottom of the power battery 2. After the low-temperature coolant enters the internal flow channel of the liquid cooling plate 21, it absorbs the heat generated by the power battery 2 during operation. After the coolant temperature rises, it flows out from the outlet of the liquid cooling plate 21 and enters the water cooling outlet pipe 5. The cold water outlet pipe 5 collects the hot coolant into the water outlet delivery pipe 51, which then delivers the hot coolant to the bent guide pipe 7. After entering the bent guide pipe 7, the hot coolant first flows through the pre-cooling section coaxially fitted with the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6. At this time, the external cold air introduced by the heat exchange air inlet shroud 13 flows from top to bottom in the air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6, forming a counter-current heat exchange with the hot coolant in the bent guide pipe 7. After being pre-cooled in this stage, the hot coolant flows out from the outlet end of the bent guide pipe 7 and enters the inlet of the radiator 71. The coolant is further reduced to the target temperature in the radiator 71. The cooled coolant then re-enters the water-cooled inlet pipe 4 from the outlet of the radiator 71, completing a complete liquid cooling cycle.
[0046] In the air-cooled circulation loop, one path of cold air enters the battery casing 1 through the heat dissipation air inlet shroud 12. After the cold air enters the internal cavity of the hollow air guide plate 3, the pressure tends to be uniform. Then, it is sprayed into the gap between each power battery 2 through the air guide holes 31 evenly opened on the side of the hollow air guide plate 3 near the power battery 2. After the cold air flows over the surface of the power battery 2 and absorbs external radiant heat, its temperature rises. The hot air is discharged through the exhaust hole 11 opened on the side wall of the battery casing 1. Another path of cold air enters the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6 through the heat exchange air inlet shroud 13. In the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6, it exchanges heat with the hot coolant in the bent guide tube 7 in a countercurrent flow. After absorbing the heat of the coolant, its temperature rises. The hot air is discharged from the exhaust pipe 15 connected to the bottom of the air-cooled heat exchange tube 6. The two air-cooled loops operate independently and do not interfere with each other.
[0047] The water-cooled inlet pipe 4, water-cooled outlet pipe 5, inlet water delivery pipe 41, outlet water delivery pipe 51, air-cooled heat exchange pipe 6, and bent guide pipe 7 are all quickly fixed by semi-circular clamps 8 in conjunction with the water pipe grooves 16 and positioning grooves 17 on the inner wall of the battery casing 1, ensuring the stable and reliable operation of the pipeline system under the high vibration conditions of the mining vehicle.
[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
[0049] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. A side-swappable battery for mining vehicles with a ventilation and cooling structure, comprising a battery casing (1) and a plurality of power batteries (2) disposed therein, characterized in that: The battery casing (1) has an exhaust vent (11) on its side wall, a heat exchange air inlet hood (13) on its top, and a heat dissipation air inlet hood (12) on its front side in the forward direction. The battery casing (1) is also provided with a cooling pipe assembly and a gas-liquid heat exchange assembly. The cooling pipe assembly is connected to the power battery (2). The gas-liquid heat exchange assembly is connected in series in the pipe of the cooling pipe assembly. The cooling pipe assembly includes a pre-formed water-cooled inlet pipe (4) and a water-cooled outlet pipe (5). The pipe routing of the water-cooled inlet pipe (4) and the water-cooled outlet pipe (5) is layered according to the internal space and interface position of the battery casing (1). The gas-liquid heat exchange assembly includes an air-cooled heat exchange pipe (6) and a bent guide pipe (7). The bent guide pipe (7) is connected between the water-cooled inlet pipe (4) and the water-cooled outlet pipe (5). The air-cooled heat exchange pipe (6) is sleeved on the outside of the bent guide pipe (7). The upper end of the air-cooled heat exchange pipe (6) is connected to the heat exchange air inlet shroud (13). A radiator (71) is connected between the bent guide pipe (7) and the water-cooled inlet pipe (4). The battery casing (1) is provided with a hollow air guide plate (3). The hollow air guide plate (3) has several air guide holes (31) on the side of the plate near the power battery (2). The other side of the hollow air guide plate (3) is connected to the heat dissipation air inlet cover (12).
2. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-cooled inlet pipe (4) is set one-to-one with multiple power batteries (2), and multiple water-cooled inlet pipes (4) are connected to inlet delivery pipes (41). The water-cooled outlet pipe (5) is set one-to-one with multiple power batteries (2), and multiple water-cooled outlet pipes (5) are connected to outlet delivery pipes (51). The inlet delivery pipe (41) and the outlet delivery pipe (51) are both prefabricated pipes. The inlet delivery pipe (41), the outlet delivery pipe (51), the water-cooled inlet pipe (4), and the water-cooled outlet pipe (5) together constitute a layered three-dimensional cooling pipe assembly.
3. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the power batteries (2) is equipped with a liquid cooling plate (21) at the bottom. The water cooling inlet pipe (4) is sealed to the inlet of the liquid cooling plate (21), and the water cooling outlet pipe (5) is sealed to the outlet of the liquid cooling plate (21).
4. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the power batteries (2) has a pad (22) at the bottom, which supports the power battery (2) and makes the liquid cooling plate (21) fit tightly against the bottom surface of the power battery (2).
5. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air-cooled heat exchange tube (6) and the bent guide tube (7) are coaxially sleeved. The bottom end of the air-cooled heat exchange tube (6) is connected to the exhaust pipe (15). The body of the exhaust pipe (15) penetrates the bottom surface of the battery casing (1). The bottom end of the bent guide tube (7) is connected to the water outlet pipe (51). The upper end of the bent guide tube (7) is connected to the water inlet pipe (41). The airflow direction in the air-cooled heat exchange tube (6) is opposite to the water flow direction in the bent guide tube (7).
6. The side-swappable mining vehicle battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the battery casing (1) is provided with a water pipe slot (16) and a positioning slot (17). The positioning slot (17) is located on both sides of the water pipe slot (16). The water-cooled inlet pipe (4) and the water-cooled outlet pipe (5) are both placed in the water pipe slot (16). The body of the water-cooled inlet pipe (4) and the water-cooled outlet pipe (5) are both fastened with semi-circular clamps (8), and multiple semi-circular clamps (8) are fixed in the positioning slots (17) opened on the inner wall of the battery casing (1).
7. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both ends of the semicircular clamp (8) are provided with buckle inserts (82), and the buckle inserts (82) are limited and inserted into the positioning slots (17); the inner side of the semicircular clamp (8) is provided with outwardly inclined pressure strips (81) arranged symmetrically, and the outwardly inclined pressure strips (81) are deformed outwardly when the semicircular clamp (8) clamps the water pipe wall.
8. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery casing (1) has a partition (14) inside, and the connection position of the partition (14) is located between the power battery (2) and the air-cooled heat exchange tube (6).
9. The side-swappable mining truck battery with a ventilation and cooling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust vents (11) are provided in a plurality of them on the side wall of the battery casing (1), and each exhaust vent (11) is inclined, and the inclination direction of the exhaust vents (11) is inclined towards the outside of the battery casing (1).