Medical hollow drill bit

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a medical hollow drill bit. Comprising a rod body, a drill body and a handle part, a through hole is formed in the rod body, the drill body and the handle part are connected to the two ends of the rod body respectively, side edges and end edges which extend spirally are arranged on the drill body, the side edges are spirally arranged in the axial direction, the end edges are located at the far end of the drill body and arrayed in the circumferential direction, cutting grooves are formed between the side edges, chip containing grooves are formed between the end edges, and the side edges and the end edges are communicated; by means of the design, bone scraps are discharged through the cutting groove and the through hole, cooling liquid can be injected into the through hole during operation, friction heat is taken away, scrap accumulation is prevented, bone tissue thermal damage is reduced, and operation safety and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a medical hollow drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] In medical surgeries, especially orthopedic surgeries, drills are a commonly used tool for drilling holes in bones to facilitate screw fixation or other surgical procedures. The design of the drill directly affects the efficiency and safety of the surgery. However, during drilling, the heat dissipation design of existing drills is inadequate. On the one hand, friction between the drill and the bone generates a large amount of heat, which is difficult to dissipate quickly. On the other hand, a large amount of debris easily accumulates at the drill tip. If this debris is not removed in time, it will further aggravate friction and heat generation. Excessive heat accumulation at the drilling site will raise the temperature of the bone tissue, causing thermal damage to the bone tissue, affecting normal bone healing and postoperative recovery, and may even lead to complications such as infection, increasing the surgical risk. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a medical hollow drill to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a medical hollow drill bit, which solves the technical problem that the heat generated by the friction between the drill bit and bone tissue is difficult to dissipate quickly during the drilling process, and that debris easily accumulates at the end of the drill bit, exacerbating friction and heat generation.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0005] A medical hollow drill bit includes: a rod body and a through hole, the through hole being disposed on the rod body. A drill body and a shank are respectively connected to both ends of the rod body. The drill body is provided with: cutting edges, the cutting edges including: a set of side cutting edges and a set of end cutting edges. The set of side cutting edges extends spirally along the axial direction of the drill body and is arranged in an array along the circumference of the drill body. A cutting groove is provided between adjacent pairs of side cutting edges. The set of end cutting edges is disposed at the end of the drill body away from the rod body and is arranged in an array along the circumference of the drill body. A chip-receiving groove is provided between adjacent pairs of end cutting edges. The chip-receiving groove is connected to the cutting groove. The through hole axially penetrates the drill body and the shank, and is connected to the chip-receiving groove.

[0006] Based on the above structure, the principle of the medical hollow drill bit is as follows: During use, the hollow drill bit is mounted on an orthopedic surgical power device, commonly an electric or pneumatic bone drill, via the shank. The orthopedic surgical power device drives the hollow drill bit to rotate. The end cutting edge located at the end of the drill body is aligned with the predetermined drilling position of the target bone tissue. The orthopedic surgical power device is started, and the drill bit is drilled into the bone tissue at a low speed. Subsequently, the rotation speed is gradually increased. One set of end cutting edges is used to cut the bone tissue, and the helical design of one set of side cutting edges guides the axial feed of the hollow drill bit. During drilling, bone chips first accumulate in the chip groove. Since the chip groove is connected to the cutting groove, some bone chips are discharged from the cutting groove along with one set of side cutting edges. Since the through hole is also connected to the chip groove, another portion of bone chips is discharged through the through hole. The through hole axially penetrates the drill body and shank, allowing the operator to inject coolant into the through hole. This reduces the frictional heat generated between the hollow drill bit and the bone tissue during drilling, thereby reducing tissue thermal damage and improving drilling efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, in this application, a medical hollow drill bit has a chip groove depth of 1.5 mm. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the 1.5 mm depth design of the medical hollow drill bit provides sufficient space for the chip groove to accommodate the chips generated during drilling. In procedures such as hip replacement surgery, the hollow drill bit continuously cuts bone tissue, generating a large amount of debris. The deeper chip groove can effectively collect these debris, preventing their accumulation in the drilling area and avoiding interference with the cutting edge of the hollow drill bit. This reduces the likelihood of drilling interruptions due to chip cleaning or poor chip removal, ensuring that the cutting edge always directly acts on fresh bone tissue, maintaining stable cutting performance, and improving cutting efficiency. This helps reduce surgical risks for patients and decreases the probability of surgical trauma and complications.

[0008] Furthermore, in this application, a medical hollow drill bit is provided with a front angle and a rear angle, wherein the front angle is 30° and the rear angle is 20°. As a preferred embodiment of this application, a medical hollow drill bit has a rake angle, which is the angle of inclination of the side and end cutting edges that contact the chip relative to the base surface. The rake angle reduces cutting deformation and cutting force. During drilling, the design of the rake angle makes the cutting edge sharper, reduces cutting resistance, reduces the energy required for the hollow drill bit to cut bone tissue, and improves cutting efficiency. The clearance angle is the angle of inclination of the cutting edge that faces the machined surface (i.e., the drilled bone wall). The clearance angle reduces friction and wear between the clearance face and the bone tissue. During drilling, the clearance angle design avoids excessive friction and heat generation between the cutting edge face and the drilled wall, reduces wear of the hollow drill bit, extends its service life, and ensures stable performance of the hollow drill bit during long-term surgery. The rake angle makes the chips easier to curl and break, and the clearance angle provides space for chip discharge, preventing chip accumulation in the drilling area. The two work together to ensure smooth chip removal.

[0009] Furthermore, in this application, a medical hollow drill bit has a side cutting edge width of 0.6 mm. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the 0.6 mm cutting edge width ensures good cutting ability of the side cutting edge. During drilling, the side cutting edge is responsible for cutting bone tissue from the side. A suitable cutting edge width ensures a moderate contact area between the side cutting edge and the bone tissue. If the cutting edge width is too narrow, the side cutting edge is prone to wear, resulting in low cutting efficiency; if the cutting edge width is too wide, the cutting resistance will increase. A 0.6 mm cutting edge width allows the side cutting edge to efficiently break and cut bone.

[0010] Furthermore, in a medical hollow drill bit of this application, the positional tolerance of the through hole is required to be 0.1 mm. The through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole. The first through hole is located on the shank, and the second through hole is located on the shaft and drill body. The inner diameter of the first through hole is larger than the inner diameter of the second through hole. As a preferred embodiment of this application, in a medical hollow drill bit, the first through hole and the second through hole are axially connected. During drilling, the chips first pass through the second through hole and then converge to the first through hole for discharge. The large inner diameter of the first through hole can prevent chip blockage, ensure smooth chip discharge, avoid chip accumulation affecting drilling efficiency and accuracy, and reduce the risk of damage to surrounding bone tissue.

[0011] Furthermore, in this application, the straightness tolerance of the drill body in a medical hollow drill bit is required to be 0.1 mm. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the drill body of this medical hollow drill bit must have good straightness during machining to limit the deviation range between the actual shape of the drill body and the ideal straight line, making it closer to the ideal straight line shape, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the drill bit during operation.

[0012] Furthermore, in this application, a medical hollow drill bit is provided, wherein the shank adopts a universal AO quick-connect handle. As a preferred embodiment of this application, the universal AO quick-connect handle design of the medical hollow drill bit improves its versatility, allowing it to be used with various power devices conforming to AO standards.

[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention provides a medical hollow drill bit. By setting a specially structured cutting edge, chip groove, and cutting groove on the drill body, as well as a through hole connecting the drill body and the shank, bone chips can be discharged through the cutting groove and the through hole. In actual use, the operator can inject coolant into the through hole, and the flow of coolant can quickly remove the heat generated by the friction between the drill bit and bone tissue. Moreover, the bone chips generated during drilling can be discharged through the cutting groove and the through hole respectively, avoiding the accumulation of debris at the drill tip, which aggravates friction and heat generation, reduces thermal damage to bone tissue, improves drilling efficiency, and ensures the safety and efficiency of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a medical hollow drill bit in an embodiment of this application.

[0016] In the figure: 1-rod body; 2-drill body; 3-shank; 4-cutting edge; 41-side edge; 42-end edge; 5-cutting groove; 6-chip groove; 7-through hole; 71-first through hole; 72-second through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, a medical hollow drill bit includes: a rod body 1 and a through hole 7. The through hole 7 is provided on the rod body 1. The two ends of the rod body 1 are respectively connected to: a drill body 2 and a shank 3. The drill body 2 is provided with: a cutting edge 4. The cutting edge 4 includes: a set of side cutting edges 41 and a set of end cutting edges 42. The set of side cutting edges 41 extends spirally along the axial direction of the drill body 2 and is arranged in an array along the circumference of the drill body 2. A cutting groove 5 is provided between each pair of adjacent side cutting edges 41. The set of end cutting edges 42 is provided at the end of the drill body 2 away from the rod body 1 and is arranged in an array along the circumference of the drill body 2. A chip-receiving groove 6 is provided between each pair of adjacent end cutting edges 42. The chip-receiving groove 6 is connected to the cutting groove 5. The through hole 7 axially penetrates the drill body 2 and the shank 3 and is connected to the chip-receiving groove 6.

[0018] Based on the above structure, the principle of the medical hollow drill bit is as follows: In use, the hollow drill bit is mounted on an orthopedic surgical power device, commonly an electric or pneumatic bone drill, via the shank 3. The orthopedic surgical power device drives the hollow drill bit to rotate. The end cutting edge 42 located at the end of the drill body 2 is aligned with the predetermined drilling position of the target bone tissue. The orthopedic surgical power device is started, and the drill bit is drilled into the bone tissue at a low speed. Subsequently, the rotation speed is gradually increased. One set of end cutting edges 42 is used to cut the bone tissue, and the spiral design of one set of side cutting edges 41 guides the hollow drill bit. During drilling, bone chips first accumulate in the chip groove 6. Since the chip groove 6 is connected to the cutting groove 5, some bone chips are discharged from the cutting groove 5 along with a set of side cutting edges 41. Because the through hole 7 is also connected to the chip groove 6, another portion of bone chips is discharged through the through hole 7. The through hole 7 is designed to axially penetrate the drill body 2 and the shank 3, allowing the operator to inject coolant into it. This reduces the frictional heat generated between the hollow drill bit and bone tissue during drilling, thus reducing tissue thermal damage and improving drilling efficiency. There are three side cutting edges 41 and three end cutting edges 42, corresponding to three cutting grooves 5 and three chip grooves 6.

[0019] In this embodiment, the depth of the chip groove 6 is 1.5 mm. This 1.5 mm depth provides ample space for the chip groove 6 to accommodate the chips generated during drilling. In procedures such as hip replacement surgery, the hollow drill continuously cuts bone tissue, producing a large amount of debris. The deeper chip groove effectively collects these debris, preventing their accumulation in the drilling area and avoiding interference with the cutting edge 42 of the hollow drill. This reduces the likelihood of drilling interruptions due to chip cleaning or poor chip removal, ensuring that the cutting edge 42 always directly acts on fresh bone tissue, maintaining stable cutting performance, and improving cutting efficiency. This helps reduce surgical risks for patients and decreases the probability of surgical trauma and complications.

[0020] In this embodiment, the cutting edge 4 has a rake angle and a clearance angle, wherein the rake angle is 30° and the clearance angle is 20°. The rake angle is the angle at which the side cutting edge 41 and the end cutting edge 42 that contacts the chip is inclined relative to the base surface. The rake angle of the cutting edge 4 can reduce cutting deformation and cutting force. During drilling, the design of the rake angle makes the cutting edge 4 sharper, reduces cutting resistance, reduces the energy required for the hollow drill to cut bone tissue, and improves cutting efficiency. The clearance angle is the angle at which the surface of the cutting edge 4 that is opposite to the machined surface (i.e., the bone wall after drilling) is inclined. The clearance angle of the cutting edge 4 can reduce friction and wear between the rear cutting face and the bone tissue. During drilling, the design of the clearance angle avoids excessive friction and heat generation between the cutting face of the cutting edge 4 and the drilled wall, reduces wear of the hollow drill, extends service life, and ensures stable performance of the hollow drill during long-term surgery. The rake angle makes the chips easier to curl and break, and the clearance angle provides space for chip discharge, avoiding chip accumulation in the drilling area. The two work together to ensure smooth chip removal.

[0021] In this embodiment, the cutting width of the side cutting edge 41 is 0.6 mm. The 0.6 mm cutting width ensures that the side cutting edge 41 has good cutting ability. During drilling, the side cutting edge 41 is responsible for cutting bone tissue from the side. The appropriate cutting width makes the contact area between the side cutting edge 41 and the bone tissue moderate. If the cutting width is too narrow, the side cutting edge 41 is prone to wear and the cutting efficiency is low; if the cutting width is too wide, the cutting resistance will increase. The 0.6 mm cutting width allows the side cutting edge 41 to efficiently break and cut bone.

[0022] In this embodiment, the positional tolerance of the through hole 7 is 0.1 mm. The through hole 7 includes a first through hole 71 and a second through hole 72. The first through hole 71 is located on the shank 3, and the second through hole 72 is located on the rod body 1 and the drill body 2. The inner diameter of the first through hole 71 is larger than the inner diameter of the second through hole 72. The first through hole 71 and the second through hole 72 are axially connected. During drilling, the chips first pass through the second through hole 72 and then converge to the first through hole 71 for discharge. The large inner diameter of the first through hole 71 can prevent chip blockage, ensure smooth chip discharge, avoid chip accumulation affecting drilling efficiency and accuracy, and reduce the risk of damage to surrounding bone tissue. The positional tolerance of the through hole 7 is 0.1 mm.

[0023] In this embodiment, the straightness tolerance of the drill body 2 is required to be 0.1mm. The drill body 2 must have good straightness during machining to limit the deviation between its actual shape and the ideal straight line, making it closer to the ideal straight shape, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the drill bit during operation.

[0024] In this embodiment, the shank 3 adopts a universal AO quick-connect handle. The universal AO quick-connect handle design improves the versatility of the hollow drill bit, which can be used with a variety of power equipment that conforms to AO standards.

[0025] The technical principles of this utility model have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model in any way. Based on the explanation herein, those skilled in the art can conceive of other specific embodiments of this utility model without creative effort, and these embodiments will all fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A medical core drill bit, characterized by: Include: The rod body (1), the through hole (7) is arranged on the rod body (1), and the rod body (1) is connected with the drill body (2) and the handle (3) at both ends respectively, the drill body (2) is provided with: the cutting edge (4), the cutting edge (4) includes: a group of side edges (41), a group of end edges (42), a group of the side edges (41) extend along the drill body (2) axial spiral, and are arranged along the drill body (2) circumferential array, a pair of adjacent side edges (41) are provided with cutting grooves (5), a group of the end edges (42) are arranged on the side end of the drill body (2) away from the rod body (1), and are arranged along the drill body (2) circumferential array, a pair of adjacent end edges (42) are provided with chip grooves (6), the chip groove (6) is communicated with the cutting groove (5), the through hole (7) is axially through the drill body (2) and the handle (3), and the through hole (7) is communicated with the chip groove (6).

2. The medical core drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the chip groove (6) is 1.5mm.

3. The medical core drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting edge (4) is provided with a rake angle and a relief angle, the rake angle is 30°, and the relief angle is 20°.

4. The medical core drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the side edge (41) is 0.6mm.

5. The medical core drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position tolerance of the through hole (7) is 0.1mm, the through hole (7) includes: the first through hole (71), the second through hole (72), the first through hole (71) is arranged on the handle (3), the second through hole (72) is arranged on the rod body (1) and the drill body (2), and the inner diameter of the first through hole (71) is greater than that of the second through hole (72).

6. The medical core drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightness tolerance of the drill body (2) is 0.1mm.

7. The medical core drill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle (3) adopts a general AO quick connection handle.

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