Building gravel crushing and classifying device

Abstract

The utility model provides a building gravel crushing and classifying device which comprises a crusher, a guide pipe arranged at an outlet of the crusher, a conveyor arranged at the bottom of the guide pipe, a screening set arranged at the other end of the conveyor, and a guide plate arranged on one side of the screening set. According to the building gravel crushing and classifying device, the screening set, the springs and other structures are arranged, the screening set is composed of the multiple limiting plates and the filter plates with the gradually-decreased hole diameters, gravel can be classified in a multi-layer and multi-specification mode, the classifying efficiency is greatly improved, the diversified requirements of building engineering are met, and due to the inclined design and the self-gravity effect, blocking is reduced; the working time and efficiency of the equipment are improved, the structure is stable, the screening accuracy is guaranteed, springs are installed in clamping grooves and matched with anti-skid pieces to fix the filter plate, the filter plate does not move or shake under high-strength work, the screening size accuracy is guaranteed, meanwhile, generated vibration can prevent meshes from being blocked, and powerful support is provided for stable and efficient operation of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building stone crushing equipment technology, and more specifically, to a building stone crushing and sorting device. Background Technology

[0002] Crushed stone is a commonly used base material in construction engineering. Different sizes of crushed stone have different uses in construction; for example, larger-diameter crushed stone can be used for road base paving, while smaller-diameter crushed stone can be used for concrete mixing. Currently, existing construction crushing equipment often lacks efficient and precise sorting functions after crushing the stone.

[0003] Common classification methods often employ simple sieve screening, which has several drawbacks. On the one hand, a single sieve is insufficient for classifying crushed stone into multiple layers and sizes, failing to meet the diverse needs of construction projects for crushed stone of different particle sizes. On the other hand, the sieve is easily clogged by crushed stone during operation, requiring frequent cleaning, resulting in low work efficiency and increased labor and equipment maintenance costs.

[0004] This invention enables the device to be more efficient during use and further reduces labor costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art and provide a crushing and sorting device for building aggregate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a crushing and sorting device for building aggregate, comprising: a crusher, a guide pipe provided at the outlet of the crusher, a conveyor provided at the bottom of the guide pipe, a screening group provided at the other end of the conveyor, and a guide plate provided on one side of the screening group;

[0007] The sieving group includes multiple limiting plates, each of which has a filter plate embedded at its upper end, and the filter plate aperture gradually decreases from top to bottom. A support rod is fixedly installed between each of the limiting plates, and an auxiliary support plate is provided on the outside of the support rod.

[0008] A further preferred embodiment: A connecting plate is provided on one side of the conveyor, and the other end of the connecting plate is located at the upper end of the screening group. The connecting plate is inclined downwards, and the height of the left side of the screening group is lower than the height of the right side of the conveyor.

[0009] A further preferred embodiment: Two positioning plates are fixedly installed on the upper end of each of the limiting plates, and an electric telescopic rod is installed on one side of each positioning plate. A push plate is provided at the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and the bottom end of the push plate contacts the upper end of the filter plate.

[0010] A further preferred embodiment: each of the limiting plates has a through groove at its upper end, the groove having an inverted "T" shape in cross-section, and multiple springs are provided at the upper end of the inner wall of the groove, each spring having an anti-slip plate at its upper end, the anti-slip plate being made of rubber.

[0011] A further preferred embodiment: each filter plate has a fixedly installed card block at its bottom, the card block is embedded in the card slot, and the card block and the card slot are detachably connected, with the bottom of the card block contacting the upper end of the anti-slip sheet.

[0012] A further preferred embodiment: A connecting block is fixedly installed on one side of the guide plate, and a connecting groove is opened on the right side of each limiting plate. The connecting block is embedded in the connecting groove, and the connecting block and the connecting groove are detachably connected. The guide plate can be connected to any one of the limiting plates.

[0013] Beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. By incorporating a screening group consisting of multiple limiting plates and filter plates with decreasing aperture sizes, this system can classify building aggregates into multiple layers and specifications in a single operation. Compared to traditional single-mesh screens, this significantly improves classification efficiency and can quickly meet the diverse needs of construction projects for aggregates of different particle sizes. For example, in large-scale construction projects, it can simultaneously provide aggregates of the appropriate particle size for different construction stages such as road base paving and concrete mixing, avoiding construction delays caused by untimely material supply. Furthermore, the filter plates in each layer of the screening group have a certain inclination angle. Combined with the continuous movement of the aggregates under the action of the conveyor and their own gravity, this reduces the possibility of aggregates accumulating and clogging on the filter plates, lowers the frequency of manual cleaning, and increases the continuous working time and overall efficiency of the equipment. In addition, the support rods between the limiting plates and the outer auxiliary support plates enhance structural stability, ensuring that the filter plates are fixed in position and the mesh is not easily deformed, ensuring accurate screening and guaranteeing the stability of building material quality.

[0015] 2. By incorporating a spring installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the slot, with a rubber anti-slip sheet at the top, and the bottom of the filter plate's locking block embedded in the slot, the bottom of the locking block contacts the upper part of the anti-slip sheet. The spring, utilizing its own elasticity and the friction of the anti-slip sheet, firmly fixes the filter plate to the limiting plate. Even under high-intensity, long-term screening operations, facing the impact of a large amount of gravel, the filter plate will not shift or shake, ensuring that the mesh always maintains accurate screening size, avoiding classification errors caused by loose filter plates, and greatly guaranteeing the quality of gravel classification. Furthermore, the spring allows the filter plate to vibrate during operation, which effectively prevents gravel from clogging the mesh of the filter plate, further improving screening efficiency and providing a strong guarantee for the stable and efficient operation of the entire device.

[0016] 3. In summary, this type of construction aggregate crushing and sorting device, through the inclusion of a screening group and springs, etc., allows for multi-level and multi-specification sorting of aggregates. The screening group consists of multiple limiting plates and filter plates with decreasing aperture sizes, greatly improving sorting efficiency and meeting the diverse needs of construction projects. Furthermore, its inclined design and self-weight reduce clogging, increasing equipment operating time and efficiency. Its stable structure ensures screening accuracy. The springs, installed in slots and working with anti-slip plates to fix the filter plates, prevent displacement and shaking under high-intensity operation, ensuring accurate screening dimensions. Simultaneously, the generated vibrations prevent mesh clogging, providing strong support for the stable and efficient operation of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sieving assembly structure of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the limiting plate and filter plate of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide plate structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 1-4 In the middle: 1. Crusher; 101. Guide tube; 2. Conveyor; 201. Connecting plate; 3. Screening assembly; 301. Limiting plate; 302. Filter plate; 303. Support rod; 304. Positioning plate; 305. Electric telescopic rod; 306. Push plate; 307. Slot; 308. Spring; 309. Anti-slip plate; 310. Locking block; 311. Connecting groove; 4. Guide plate; 401. Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following will refer to the appendix in the embodiments of this utility model. Figures 1-4 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-4In this embodiment of the utility model, a crushing and sorting device for building aggregate includes: a crusher 1, a guide pipe 101 at the outlet of the crusher 1, a conveyor 2 at the bottom of the guide pipe 101, a screening group 3 at the other end of the conveyor 2, and a guide plate 4 on one side of the screening group 3; the screening group 3 includes multiple limiting plates 301, each limiting plate 301 has a filter plate 302 embedded in its upper end, and the aperture of the filter plate 302 gradually decreases from top to bottom; a support rod 303 is fixedly installed between each limiting plate 301, and an auxiliary support plate is provided on the outside of the support rod 303; a connecting plate 201 is provided on one side of the conveyor 2, the other end of the connecting plate 201 is located at the upper end of the screening group 3, the connecting plate 201 is inclined downward, and the height of the left side of the screening group 3 is lower than the height of the right side of the conveyor 2;

[0024] Construction aggregate first enters crusher 1. Crusher 1, using its internal crushing structure (which utilizes existing technology such as hammer crushers and roller crushers; the specific crushing method depends on the type of crusher 1), initially crushes the large pieces of construction aggregate. The crushed aggregate is discharged downwards from the outlet of crusher 1 through conduit 101. The aggregate discharged from the bottom of conduit 101 falls directly onto conveyor 2. After conveyor 2 starts, its transmission structure (such as belts and chains) transports the aggregate along a set direction. Since the other end of conveyor 2 is connected to screening group 3, the aggregate is continuously transported towards screening group 3. Conveyor 2 then transports the aggregate to the connecting plate 201. Because connecting plate 201 is inclined downwards, and the left side of screening group 3 is lower than the right side of conveyor 2... Under the influence of gravity, the crushed stone smoothly slides onto the upper filter plate 302 of the sieving group 3. The sieving group 3 consists of multiple limiting plates 301 and filter plates 302 with different pore sizes, and the pore size of the filter plates 302 gradually decreases from top to bottom. When the crushed stone falls onto the upper filter plate 302, the crushed stone with a particle size smaller than the pore size of the filter plate 302 passes through the mesh and falls to the next filter plate 302, while the crushed stone with a particle size larger than the pore size of the filter plate 302 remains on the filter plate 302. As the crushed stone accumulates on the upper filter plate 302, under its own gravity and the push of the subsequent crushed stone, the crushed stone remaining on the upper filter plate 302 slides to one side along the surface of the filter plate 302 and is finally discharged through the guide plate 4, completing the classification and collection of crushed stone within this particle size range. The crushed stone passes through each layer of filter plates 302 in sequence, repeating the screening process until it falls below the bottom filter plate 302 and is collected. This achieves multi-level classification of crushed stone of different particle sizes. During this process, the support rods 303 and auxiliary support plates stabilize the structure of the screening group 3, ensuring that the filter plates 302 remain stable during operation and successfully complete the screening task. The screening group 3 adopts a multi-layer design with filter plates 302 of different pore sizes and decreasing pore sizes, which can classify building crushed stone of multiple levels and specifications at one time. Compared with the traditional single-screen screening method, it greatly improves the classification efficiency and can quickly meet the diverse needs of construction projects for crushed stone of different particle sizes. For example, in large-scale construction projects, it can simultaneously classify different processes such as road base paving and concrete mixing. The timely supply of crushed stone of the appropriate particle size during construction avoids delays caused by untimely material supply. Because the filter plates 302 of each layer in the screening group 3 have a certain inclination angle in their structural design, and the crushed stone is constantly moving under the action of the conveyor 2 and its own gravity, the possibility of crushed stone accumulating and clogging on the filter plates 302 is reduced. Compared with traditional screens that are easily clogged by crushed stone and require frequent cleaning, this greatly reduces the frequency of manual cleaning, improves the continuous working time of the equipment, and increases the overall work efficiency. After using this device, the number of cleaning times can be reduced to 1-2 times per week, significantly saving labor and time costs. The support rods 303 fixedly installed between the limit plates 301 in the screening group 3, as well as the auxiliary support plates set on the outside, enhance the structural stability of the entire screening group 3.During prolonged, high-intensity operation, the filter plate 302 remains fixed in position, and the mesh is not easily deformed, thus maintaining a consistently accurate screening effect. This is crucial for ensuring the quality of crushed stone classification and avoiding classification errors caused by unstable equipment structure, thereby ensuring the stability of building material quality. The entire device utilizes gravity to move the crushed stone between the conveyor 2, connecting plate 201, and screening group 3, reducing the use of additional power equipment and lowering energy consumption. Simultaneously, the coordinated operation of the conveyor 2 and crusher 1, through a reasonable layout and process design, reduces equipment idle time, further improving energy efficiency. Actual testing shows that compared to similar devices with unreasonable structural designs, this device can reduce energy consumption by 15%-20% while completing the same workload, aligning with current energy conservation and environmental protection trends.

[0025] In this embodiment of the utility model, two positioning plates 304 are fixedly installed on the upper end of each limiting plate 301. An electric telescopic rod 305 is installed on one side of each positioning plate 304. A push plate 306 is provided at the output end of the electric telescopic rod 305. The bottom end of the push plate 306 contacts the upper end of the filter plate 302. A slot 307 is provided through the upper end of each limiting plate 301. The slot 307 has an inverted "T" shape in cross-section. Multiple springs 308 are provided on the upper end of the inner wall of the slot 307. An anti-slip plate 309 is provided on the upper end of each spring 308. 9 is made of rubber; each filter plate 302 has a fixedly installed locking block 310 at the bottom, the locking block 310 is embedded in the slot 307, and the locking block 310 and the slot 307 are detachably connected, the bottom of the locking block 310 contacts the upper end of the anti-slip plate 309; a connecting block 401 is fixedly installed on one side of the guide plate 4, and each limit plate 301 has a connecting groove 311 on the right side, the connecting block 401 is embedded in the connecting groove 311, and the connecting block 401 and the connecting groove 311 are detachably connected, the guide plate 4 can be connected to any limit plate 301;

[0026] Construction aggregate enters crusher 1, where it is initially crushed by internal components such as hammers and rollers (depending on the type of crusher). The crushed aggregate is then discharged from the outlet of crusher 1 via guide pipe 101 and falls directly onto conveyor 2. Conveyor 2 uses belts, chains, and other transmission structures to transport the aggregate towards screening group 3. A locking block 310 at the bottom of filter plate 302 is embedded in an inverted "T"-shaped slot 307 extending through the upper end of limiting plate 301, enabling a detachable connection between filter plate 302 and limiting plate 301. Multiple springs 308 on the upper end of the inner wall of slot 307 press against rubber anti-slip plates 309. The bottom of locking block 310 contacts the upper end of anti-slip plate 309, utilizing the elasticity of springs 308 and anti-slip plate 309. The friction force of 0.09 firmly fixes the filter plate 302 to the limiting plate 301, ensuring the stability of the filter plate 302 during the screening process and preventing displacement due to the impact of gravel. The spring 308 can generate a certain vibration of the filter plate 302 during operation to prevent gravel from clogging the mesh of the filter plate 302. Two positioning plates 304 are fixedly installed on the upper end of each limiting plate 301, and each is equipped with an electric telescopic rod 305. The bottom end of the push plate 306 at the output end of the electric telescopic rod 305 contacts the upper end of the filter plate 302. When a layer of filter plate 302 shows signs of clogging, the electric telescopic rod 305 is activated. Driven by the electric telescopic rod 305, the push plate 306 moves along the surface of the filter plate 302, pushing the gravel that may cause clogging on the filter plate 302 to one side. To ensure unobstructed flow of the filter plate 302 mesh and maintain continuous and efficient screening, the electric telescopic rod 305 drives the push plate 306 to move and push the crushed stone on the filter screen, further improving the efficiency of crushed stone discharge. The connecting block 401 on one side of the guide plate 4 can be embedded into the connecting groove 311 on the right side of any limiting plate 301 to achieve detachable connection. When crushed stone with a particle size larger than that layer's mesh accumulates to a certain extent on a certain filter plate 302, it slides along the surface of the filter plate 302 to the guide plate 4 under its own gravity and the pushing force of subsequent crushed stone, and is discharged through the guide plate 4, completing the classification and collection of crushed stone within that particle size range. Crushed stone of different particle sizes passes through each layer of filter plate 302 in sequence, repeating the screening process, and finally completing multi-layer screening. The design of the electric telescopic rod 305 and push plate 306 makes cleaning the filter plate 302 easy and convenient, eliminating the need for manual cleaning. Simply activate the electric telescopic rod 305, and the push plate 306 will automatically clean the filter plate 302, greatly saving labor and time costs. At the same time, timely cleaning of the filter plate 302 effectively avoids reduced screening efficiency due to clogging, ensuring the equipment always operates at high efficiency and improving overall work efficiency. For example, where manual cleaning previously required a one-hour downtime, the automatic cleaning function of this device can reduce the downtime to less than 10 minutes. The filter plate 302 is secured by the locking block 310 engaging with the slot 307 and by the spring 308 and anti-slip plate 309.This installation method ensures that the filter plate 302 is securely mounted on the limiting plate 301 during operation. Even under high-intensity, long-term screening conditions and the impact of large amounts of crushed stone, the filter plate 302 will not shift or shake, ensuring that the mesh size remains accurate and avoiding classification errors caused by loose filter plate 302. This greatly guarantees the quality of crushed stone classification. The design that the guide plate 4 can be connected to any limiting plate 301 increases the flexibility of the device. In actual use, the position of the limiting plate 301 connected to the guide plate 4 can be flexibly adjusted according to the specific particle size requirements of different construction projects, allowing crushed stone within that particle size range to be discharged and collected in a timely manner. For example, if the demand for a specific particle size of crushed stone in a project suddenly increases, the position of the guide plate 4 can be quickly adjusted to prioritize the collection of that particle size, meeting the urgent needs of the project and improving the adaptability of the device to different construction scenarios.

[0027] Working principle: Construction gravel enters the crusher 1. The crusher 1 uses its internal crushing structure, such as the crushing hammer and crushing roller, to initially crush large pieces of gravel. The crushed gravel is discharged from the outlet of the crusher 1 through the guide pipe 101 and falls directly onto the conveyor 2. Then, the conveyor 2 uses a belt, chain, and other transmission structure to transport the gravel towards the screening group 3. When the gravel is transported to the position of the connecting plate 201, because the connecting plate 201 is inclined downwards and the height of the left side of the screening group 3 is lower than the height of the right side of the conveyor 2, the gravel is subjected to gravity. The filter slides down onto the upper filter plate 302 of the sieving group 3. The sieving group 3 consists of multiple limiting plates 301 and filter plates 302 with different apertures that gradually decrease from top to bottom. The locking block 310 at the bottom of the filter plate 302 is embedded in the inverted "T"-shaped locking groove 307 at the upper end of the limiting plate 301. The spring 308 on the inner wall of the locking groove 307 presses against the rubber anti-slip plate 309. The elasticity of the spring 308 and the friction of the anti-slip plate 309 are used to firmly install the filter plate 302, ensuring that it will not shift due to the impact of gravel during sieving. At the same time, the spring 308 also... The filter plate 302 vibrates to prevent clogging. During the sieving process, particles smaller than the aperture of the upper filter plate 302 pass through the mesh and fall to the next filter plate 302. Particles larger than the aperture of that layer remain on the upper filter plate 302. As the particles accumulate, they slide to one side under the influence of gravity and subsequent particles. If a filter plate 302 shows signs of clogging, the electric telescopic rod 305 installed on the positioning plate 304 on the limiting plate 301 can be activated. The push plate 306 at the end moves along the surface of the filter plate 302 to clean up the accumulated gravel and ensure that the mesh is unobstructed. Finally, gravel of different sizes is screened by each layer of filter plates 302. Larger gravel is discharged through the guide plate 4, completing the classification and collection. Smaller gravel falls below the bottom filter plate 302 and is collected, achieving multi-level classification. The guide plate 4 is detachably connected to the right side connection groove 311 of the limiting plate 301 through the connecting block 401. Its position can be flexibly adjusted according to needs to meet the classification and collection requirements of gravel of specific sizes in different construction scenarios.

Claims

1. A crushing and sorting device for construction waste, comprising: A crusher (1) is characterized in that: a guide pipe (101) is provided at the outlet of the crusher (1), a conveyor (2) is provided at the bottom of the guide pipe (101), a screening group (3) is provided at the other end of the conveyor (2), and a guide plate (4) is provided on one side of the screening group (3); The sieving group (3) includes multiple limiting plates (301), each of which has a filter plate (302) embedded at its upper end. The aperture of the filter plate (302) gradually decreases from top to bottom. Each of the limiting plates (301) is fixedly installed with a support rod (303), and an auxiliary support plate is provided on the outside of the support rod (303).

2. The building aggregate crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (201) is provided on one side of the conveyor (2), and the other end of the connecting plate (201) is located at the upper end of the sieve group (3). The connecting plate (201) is inclined downward, and the height of the left side of the sieve group (3) is lower than the height of the right side of the conveyor (2).

3. The building aggregate crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two positioning plates (304) are fixedly installed on the upper end of each of the limiting plates (301). An electric telescopic rod (305) is installed on one side of each positioning plate (304). A push plate (306) is provided at the output end of the electric telescopic rod (305). The bottom end of the push plate (306) is in contact with the upper end of the filter plate (302).

4. The building aggregate crushing and sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the limiting plates (301) has a through slot (307) at its upper end. The slot (307) has an inverted "T" shape in cross section. Multiple springs (308) are provided on the upper end of the inner wall of the slot (307). Each spring (308) has an anti-slip plate (309) at its upper end. The anti-slip plate (309) is made of rubber.

5. The building aggregate crushing and sorting device according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each filter plate (302) has a fixedly installed card block (310) at its bottom. The card block (310) is embedded in the card slot (307) and the card block (310) and the card slot (307) are detachably connected. The bottom of the card block (310) is in contact with the upper end of the anti-slip plate (309).

6. The building aggregate crushing and sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting block (401) is fixedly installed on one side of the guide plate (4). A connecting groove (311) is opened on the right side of each limiting plate (301). The connecting block (401) is embedded in the connecting groove (311). The connecting block (401) and the connecting groove (311) are detachably connected. The guide plate (4) can be connected to any one of the limiting plates (301).

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