Rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-wall vermicular graphite iron casting

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of thin-wall vermicular graphite cast iron processing equipment, in particular to a rapid cooling and feeding device for thin-wall vermicular graphite cast iron casting, which comprises a cavity, a top cover detachably mounted at the top of the cavity, an interlayer arranged in the top cover, a water cooling circulating component mounted in the interlayer and a water cooling circulating component arranged in the interlayer. A feeding component is installed in the interlayer, a liquid supplementing pump is connected to the outer portion of the feeding component, and a plurality of cooling fans are installed on the top of the top cover. In the rapid cooling and feeding device for casting the thin-wall vermicular graphite iron casting, the chilling block layer serves as an efficient heat-conducting medium and rapidly transmits heat emitted by the casting to the heat exchange pipe, and the circulating pump drives cooling liquid to flow in a circulating pipeline composed of the heat exchange pipe and the cooling pipe to take away the heat. And meanwhile, the cooling fan at the top of the top cover is used for carrying out air cooling assistance on the cooling pipe, cooling of the cooling liquid is accelerated, a water cooling and air cooling combined efficient cooling mode is formed, and rapid cooling of the thin-wall vermicular graphite iron casting is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron processing equipment, specifically, to a rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the casting process of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, the quality and performance of the castings have always been a key focus of the industry. With the increase in the power and explosion pressure of commercial vehicle engines, the material requirements for castings such as engine cylinder heads have been upgraded from the traditional HT300 to RUT450, which poses greater challenges to the casting process. For example, in the production of high-horsepower engine cylinder head castings, the complex product structure and the characteristics of RUT450 material lead to a deterioration in casting processability, with shrinkage cavities and porosity problems in isolated hot spots being particularly prominent. Compared with ordinary gray cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron tends to solidify in a pasty manner similar to ductile iron, resulting in a greater tendency to shrink. The thin-walled and lightweight design of heavy-duty high-horsepower engine cylinder heads creates numerous isolated hot spots in areas such as injector mounting holes, valve guide rod holes, and fastening bolt holes. Due to product structure limitations, it is difficult to set up unobstructed feeding channels. For example, in the production of vermicular graphite cast iron cylinder head castings for high-horsepower engines newly developed by Dongfeng Commercial Vehicle Co., Ltd. in 2018, a process scheme of vertical casting of one mold and two parts was adopted. Although this improved the process yield and other indicators, the shrinkage porosity defect in the isolated hot spot area of ​​the cylinder head under the vertical casting process became a problem that urgently needed to be solved.

[0003] Existing casting cooling and feeding devices have certain limitations when processing thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts. For example, a rapid cooling device for casting processing, authorized by publication number "CN217727110U," cools the casting by spraying water. While this achieves a certain cooling effect, this sudden water spraying method affects the internal structure of the casting, altering its hardness and other properties, thus impacting casting quality and failing to meet the requirements for precise control of the cooling process for thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts. Regarding feeding, traditional feeding structures struggle to effectively address the complex thermal distribution of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, leading to defects such as shrinkage cavities and porosity, reducing the yield and performance of the castings. Therefore, developing a device capable of rapid cooling and precise feeding is of great significance for improving the casting quality of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, in order to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that the sudden water spray cooling method will affect the internal structure of the casting, change the hardness of the casting and other conditions, affect the quality of the casting, and fail to meet the requirements of fine control of the cooling process for thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, including a cavity, a top cover detachably installed on the top of the cavity, an inner jacket provided inside the top cover, a water cooling circulation component installed in the inner jacket, a feeding component installed inside the inner jacket of the cavity, a liquid replenishment pump connected to the outside of the feeding component, and several cooling fans installed on the top of the top cover.

[0006] This design uses the mold cavity as the space for casting formation, with a detachable top cover mounted on top for easy mold opening and closing and casting removal. A water-cooling circulation system within the top cover jacket removes heat through coolant circulation; a feeding component within the mold cavity jacket, working with a feed pump, replenishes molten metal; and a cooling fan accelerates airflow, further assisting the water-cooling circulation system in cooling down. All these components work together to form a casting device that integrates cooling and feeding functions.

[0007] Preferably, the inner wall of the top cover is equipped with a chilled iron layer, which conducts heat from inside the cavity to the water-cooling circulation assembly and discharges it through water-cooling circulation.

[0008] This chilled iron layer, with its excellent thermal conductivity, is installed on the inner wall of the top cover. It quickly absorbs the heat emitted by the casting inside the mold cavity and conducts it to the water-cooling circulation assembly in contact with it. The heat is then carried out of the device by the flow of coolant in the water-cooling circulation assembly, achieving indirect cooling of the casting.

[0009] Preferably, the water-cooled circulation assembly includes a heat exchange tube, which is attached to the chilled iron layer. The outer end of the heat exchange tube is connected to a cooling tube, and the outer end of the cooling tube is connected to a circulation pump. The circulation pump forms a circulation pipeline between the cooling tube and the heat exchange tube.

[0010] This design ensures that the heat exchange tubes are tightly fitted to the chilled iron layer, guaranteeing effective heat transfer to the coolant within the heat exchange tubes. Driven by a circulating pump, the coolant absorbs heat through the heat exchange tubes and flows into the cooling tubes, where heat exchange occurs and the heat is dissipated. The coolant then flows back to the heat exchange tubes, forming a closed circulation loop that continuously removes heat from the casting.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling pipe is located above the air outlet of the cooling fan.

[0012] This setting places the cooling tube above the air outlet of the cooling fan. The high-speed airflow blown out by the cooling fan flows over the surface of the cooling tube, accelerating the airflow on the surface of the cooling tube and speeding up the heat exchange rate between the coolant inside the cooling tube and the outside air, so that the coolant can be cooled down quickly, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the water-cooled circulation components.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding component includes a main channel with an annular structure, which is connected to the interior of the cavity through several branch channels. A riser is provided on one side of the main channel, and the outer end of the riser is connected to a replenishing pump.

[0014] This design incorporates a ring-shaped main channel as the primary pathway for molten metal transport. It connects to the interior of the mold cavity via branch channels, forming a feeding channel network. During the solidification process of the casting, when shrinkage occurs inside the mold cavity, the feeding pump injects molten metal into the main channel through risers. The molten metal is then evenly distributed to various parts of the mold cavity via the branch channels, replenishing the voids created by the solidification shrinkage of the casting.

[0015] Preferably, the diversion channels are arranged at equal intervals along the outer wall of the main channel.

[0016] This design features equally spaced flow channels along the outer wall of the main flow channel, ensuring that the molten metal flowing from the main flow channel is evenly distributed to all areas inside the cavity. The equally spaced distribution ensures pressure balance during the flow of the molten metal, allowing it to fill all parts of the cavity at a relatively consistent speed and pressure.

[0017] Preferably, a positioning block is provided at the bottom side of the top cover, and a positioning groove is provided at the top side of the cavity, with the positioning block and the positioning groove engaging.

[0018] This design features a positioning block at the bottom of the top cover side that engages with a positioning groove at the top of the cavity side. During installation, the positioning block accurately embeds into the positioning groove, achieving rapid positioning and a tight connection between the top cover and the cavity. This structure ensures connection strength while facilitating disassembly and installation.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] In this rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, a water-cooled circulation component is installed in the inner layer of the top cover. This component, connected to the chilled iron layer via heat exchange pipes, rapidly conducts heat from the mold cavity. The chilled iron layer, acting as a highly efficient heat transfer medium, quickly transfers the heat dissipated from the casting to the heat exchange pipes. A circulation pump drives the coolant to flow through the circulation system composed of the heat exchange pipes and cooling pipes, carrying away the heat. Simultaneously, a cooling fan at the top of the top cover provides auxiliary air cooling to the cooling pipes, accelerating the cooling of the coolant. This combined water and air cooling creates a highly efficient cooling mode, achieving rapid cooling of the thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts. This prevents defects such as deformation and cracks caused by slow cooling. Compared to traditional water spray cooling, this cooling method is gentler and more uniform, without negatively impacting the internal structure and hardness of the casting, thus ensuring casting quality.

[0021] The feeding components installed in the cavity sandwiched within the mold cavity have an annular main channel that connects to the cavity interior through equally spaced branch channels. Together with risers and a feeding pump, this forms a precise feeding system. During the solidification process of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, the feeding pump can precisely deliver molten metal through risers, the main channel, and branch channels to isolated hot spots within the mold cavity, based on the shrinkage of different parts of the casting. This effectively compensates for voids caused by solidification shrinkage and prevents shrinkage cavities and porosity defects. This feeding method can adapt to the complex hot spot distribution of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, significantly improving the density and yield of the casting.

[0022] The top cover and the mold cavity are detachably installed using a snap-fit ​​connection of positioning blocks and positioning slots, which facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the device and allows for convenient inspection, maintenance, and cleaning of the internal components of the mold cavity and top cover before and after casting. Simultaneously, this structural design ensures the sealing and stability of the device, guaranteeing the normal operation of the cooling and feeding systems during the casting process. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water-cooled circulation component in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shrinkage compensation component in this utility model;

[0026] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0027] 1. Cavity; 2. Top cover; 21. Chilled iron layer; 3. Water cooling circulation assembly; 31. Heat exchange tube; 32. Cooling tube; 33. Circulation pump; 4. Feeding component; 41. Main channel; 42. Branch channel; 43. Riser; 5. Liquid replenishment pump; 6. Cooling fan. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] This utility model provides a rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, such as... Figure 1As shown, the mold includes a cavity 1, with a pouring port on the outer wall of the cavity 1 for pouring operations. A top cover 2 is detachably installed on the top of the cavity 1. An interlayer is provided inside the top cover 2, and a water-cooling circulation assembly 3 is installed inside the interlayer. A shrinkage compensation component 4 is installed inside the interlayer, and a liquid replenishment pump 5 is connected to the outside of the shrinkage compensation component 4. Several cooling fans 6 are installed on the top of the top cover 2.

[0030] Cavity 1, serving as the core space for casting, contains molten metal and shapes the casting. A detachable top cover 2, mounted on top of cavity 1, opens and closes via a specific connection, facilitating mold use and casting removal. A water-cooling circulation assembly 3, housed within the top cover 2, utilizes the flow of coolant in the circulation pipes to remove heat. A feeding component 4, also within cavity 1, connects to an external feeding pump 5, replenishing molten metal during casting solidification and shrinkage. Several cooling fans 6 atop the top cover 2 assist the water-cooling circulation assembly 3 in cooling by accelerating airflow. These components work together to form an integrated cooling and feeding casting device. This achieves cooling and feeding functions during the casting of thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, meeting the requirements for rapid cooling and precise feeding, thus improving production efficiency and casting quality. The detachable design of the top cover 2 facilitates operation and maintenance, reduces production costs, and enhances the device's practicality.

[0031] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, a chilled iron layer 21 is installed on the inner wall of the top cover 2. The chilled iron layer 21 conducts heat from the cavity 1 to the water-cooled circulation assembly 3 and discharges it through the water-cooled circulation.

[0032] The chill layer 21 installed on the inner wall of the top cover 2, with its excellent thermal conductivity, quickly absorbs the heat emitted by the casting inside the cavity 1 and conducts the heat to the water-cooling circulation assembly 3 in close contact with it. The coolant flowing in the water-cooling circulation assembly 3 carries the heat transferred by the chill layer 21 out of the device, achieving indirect cooling of the casting. This significantly improves heat transfer efficiency, accelerates the transfer of heat from the casting to the water-cooling circulation assembly 3, and shortens the cooling time. Compared with a structure without the chill layer 21, this design effectively reduces the risk of defects such as deformation and shrinkage cavities in the casting due to untimely cooling, ensuring the quality of the casting.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the water-cooled circulation assembly 3 includes a heat exchange tube 31, which is attached to the cold iron layer 21. The outer end of the heat exchange tube 31 is connected to a cooling tube 32, and the outer end of the cooling tube 32 is connected to a circulation pump 33. The circulation pump 33 forms a circulation pipeline between the cooling tube 32 and the heat exchange tube 31.

[0034] In the water-cooled circulation assembly 3, the heat exchange tube 31 is in contact with the chilled iron layer 21, ensuring efficient heat transfer to the coolant within the heat exchange tube 31. Driven by the circulation pump 33, the coolant absorbs heat through the heat exchange tube 31 and flows into the cooling tube 32, where heat exchange occurs. The coolant then flows back to the heat exchange tube 31, forming a closed-loop circulation system that continuously removes heat from the casting. This stable and efficient water-cooled circulation system ensures continuous coolant circulation and uniform cooling of the casting. The stable circulation process prevents localized overheating or overcooling of the casting, reduces internal stress concentration and cracking, and improves the cooling quality and stability of the casting.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cooling pipe 32 is located above the air outlet of the cooling fan 6.

[0036] The cooling pipe 32 is positioned above the air outlet of the cooling fan 6. The high-speed airflow from the cooling fan 6 flows over the surface of the cooling pipe 32, accelerating the heat exchange between the coolant inside the cooling pipe 32 and the outside air, causing the coolant to cool down rapidly, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the water-cooled circulation assembly 3. This enhances the cooling effect of the water-cooled circulation assembly 3, and the air-cooled auxiliary cooling further reduces the coolant temperature, improving the overall cooling capacity of the water-cooled circulation system. It rapidly reduces the casting temperature, shortens the cooling time, improves production efficiency, ensures that the casting is cooled within a suitable temperature range, and guarantees casting quality.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the feeding component 4 includes a main channel 41 with an annular structure. The main channel 41 is connected to the interior of the cavity 1 through several branch channels 42. A riser 43 is provided on one side of the main channel 41, and the outer end of the riser 43 is connected to a replenishing pump 5.

[0038] The annular main channel 41 of the feeding component 4 serves as the main channel for molten metal transmission. It connects to the interior of the mold cavity 1 through several branch channels 42, forming a feeding channel network. During the solidification process of the casting, when shrinkage occurs inside the mold cavity 1, the feeding pump 5 injects molten metal into the main channel 41 through the riser 43. The molten metal is then evenly transported to various parts of the mold cavity 1 through the branch channels 42, filling the gaps caused by the solidification shrinkage of the casting. This achieves precise feeding of the casting, timely and evenly replenishing molten metal according to the shrinkage of different parts of the casting, effectively avoiding shrinkage cavities and porosity defects. The design of the annular main channel 41 and branch channels 42 ensures that the molten metal is evenly distributed throughout the mold cavity 1, guaranteeing the density of each part of the casting and improving casting quality and yield.

[0039] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the branch channels 42 are arranged at equal intervals along the outer wall of the main channel 41.

[0040] The branch channels 42 are arranged at equal intervals along the outer wall of the main channel 41, ensuring that the molten metal flowing out of the main channel 41 is evenly distributed to all areas inside the cavity 1. The equal interval distribution ensures that the molten metal has uniform pressure during flow, filling all parts of the cavity 1 at a relatively consistent speed and pressure. Optimizing the feeding system improves the feeding effect, making the molten metal fill the cavity 1 more evenly and stably, avoiding problems of insufficient or excessive feeding in some areas. This improves the uniformity and consistency of the internal structure of the casting, further ensuring the quality of the casting.

[0041] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, a positioning block is provided on the bottom side of the top cover 2, and a positioning groove is provided on the top side of the cavity 1. The positioning block and the positioning groove are engaged.

[0042] The positioning block at the bottom side of the top cover 2 engages with the positioning groove at the top side of the cavity 1. During installation, the positioning block accurately embeds into the positioning groove, achieving rapid positioning and tight connection between the top cover 2 and the cavity 1. This structure ensures connection strength while facilitating disassembly and installation. It facilitates device assembly and disassembly, allowing for quick and accurate installation of the top cover 2 before casting to ensure the normal operation of the cooling and feeding systems. After casting, the top cover 2 can be easily removed to extract the casting, facilitating internal inspection, cleaning, and maintenance. The engagement between the positioning block and the positioning groove ensures the device's sealing and stability, preventing leakage of liquid or air during casting and ensuring the proper functioning of the cooling and feeding systems.

[0043] In use, the rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts of this utility model first engages the positioning block at the bottom side of the top cover 2 with the positioning groove at the top side of the cavity 1 to complete the installation of the top cover 2 and the cavity 1, ensuring the sealing and stability of the device. At this time, the feeding component 4 is located in the inner layer of the cavity 1, and the water cooling circulation component 3 is located in the inner layer of the top cover 2, and all components are ready.

[0044] Molten thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron is injected into cavity 1, which serves as the casting forming space, accommodating the molten metal and initially forming the shape of the casting.

[0045] After the casting is poured, the water-cooling circulation assembly 3 begins operation. The circulation pump 33 starts, driving the coolant to flow in the circulation pipeline composed of heat exchange tubes 31 and cooling tubes 32. Simultaneously, the chilled iron layer 21 on the inner wall of the top cover 2, with its excellent thermal conductivity, quickly absorbs the heat emitted by the casting inside the cavity 1 and conducts the heat to the heat exchange tubes 31 that are in contact with it. After absorbing the heat, the coolant in the heat exchange tubes 31 flows to the cooling tubes 32. Since the cooling tubes 32 are located above the air outlet of the cooling fan 6, the high-speed airflow blown by the cooling fan 6 flows over the surface of the cooling tubes 32, accelerating the heat exchange between the coolant and the outside air, causing the coolant to cool down rapidly. Then the coolant flows back to the heat exchange tubes 31, and so on, continuously removing heat from the casting and achieving the cooling of the casting.

[0046] During the solidification process of the casting, as the temperature decreases, the casting shrinks, at which point the replenishing pump 5 starts. The replenishing pump 5 injects molten metal into the annular main channel 41 of the feeding component 4 through the riser 43. The molten metal is then evenly delivered to various parts inside the cavity 1 through the branch channels 42 evenly distributed on the outer wall of the main channel 41, filling the gaps caused by the solidification shrinkage of the casting, achieving precise feeding of the casting, and effectively avoiding the generation of shrinkage cavities and porosity defects. After the casting completes the cooling and feeding process, its shape and performance meet the requirements. At this time, the connection between the top cover 2 and the cavity 1 is disassembled, the positioning block and the positioning groove are separated, the top cover 2 is opened, and the formed thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron part is taken out from the cavity 1. Then, the inside of the device can be cleaned and inspected to prepare for the next casting.

[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the electronic components in the above-mentioned components, such as the replenishment pump 5 and the cooling fan 6 in this embodiment, are all general standard parts or parts known to those skilled in the art. Their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods. In the idle part of this device, all the above-mentioned electrical components are connected by wires. The specific connection method should refer to the working order between the electrical components in the above working principle to complete the electrical connection. All of these are technologies known in the art.

[0048] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts, comprising a mold cavity (1), characterized in that: The top of the cavity (1) is detachably fitted with a top cover (2). The top cover (2) has an internal interlayer, and a water-cooling circulation assembly (3) is installed inside the interlayer. The cavity (1) has an internal interlayer, and a shrinkage compensation component (4) is installed inside the interlayer. A liquid replenishment pump (5) is connected to the outside of the shrinkage compensation component (4). Several cooling fans (6) are installed on the top of the top cover (2).

2. The rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the top cover (2) is equipped with a cold iron layer (21), which conducts heat inside the cavity (1) to the water cooling circulation assembly (3) and discharges it through water cooling circulation.

3. The rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-cooled circulation assembly (3) includes a heat exchange tube (31), which is attached to the cold iron layer (21). The outer end of the heat exchange tube (31) is connected to a cooling tube (32), and the outer end of the cooling tube (32) is connected to a circulation pump (33). The circulation pump (33) forms a circulation pipeline between the cooling tube (32) and the heat exchange tube (31).

4. The rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (32) is located above the air outlet of the cooling fan (6).

5. The rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding component (4) includes a main channel (41) with an annular structure. The main channel (41) is connected to the interior of the cavity (1) through several branch channels (42). A riser (43) is provided on one side of the main channel (41). The outer end of the riser (43) is connected to a replenishing pump (5).

6. The rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The branch channels (42) are arranged at equal intervals along the outer wall of the main channel (41).

7. The rapid cooling and feeding device for casting thin-walled vermicular graphite cast iron parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover (2) has a positioning block at the bottom of its side, and the cavity (1) has a positioning groove at the top of its side. The positioning block and the positioning groove are engaged.

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