Solar water pump driver working at wide voltage

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of water pump drivers, in particular to a solar water pump driver capable of working at wide voltage, which is characterized by comprising a single chip microcomputer, a motor driving module and a DCDC power supply module, the DCDC power supply module is used for connecting a solar panel and receiving a wide voltage source VB +, the single chip microcomputer is connected with the motor driving module, and the motor driving module is connected with the motor driving module. The motor driving module is used for being connected with a water pump motor, a PWM pin of the single-chip microcomputer is connected with the voltage regulating circuit, the voltage regulating circuit obtains a wide voltage source VB + and provides a working voltage source VBUS, the working voltage source VBUS is provided for the motor driving module, and the single-chip microcomputer is further connected with the voltage sampling circuit. The two voltage sampling circuits are respectively connected with the voltage regulation circuit to respectively sample a wide voltage source VB + and a working voltage source VBUS. According to the utility model, the input and output voltages in the voltage regulation process are sampled in real time, and the voltage regulation circuit is utilized to regulate and configure the wide-range voltage of the solar panel, so that the beneficial effect of improving the working safety and reliability of a hardware circuit is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of water pump drivers, specifically to a solar water pump driver that operates at a wide voltage range. Background Technology

[0002] Low-voltage powered small solar water pumps are becoming increasingly widely used. Solar panels have a wide output voltage range, and if the solar panel is not configured properly, the output voltage may exceed the controller's maximum allowable operating voltage during peak hours. This can cause the water pump to malfunction or even damage the controller. Therefore, different controllers need to be adapted to different applications, which results in a wide variety of controllers, leading to inventory and after-sales pressure. At the same time, users need to be careful when configuring them, as incorrect configuration can lead to safety risks.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese Patent Application No. 201710749012.8 discloses a solar water pump controller and control method without energy storage device, including an MCU controller, a display module, a water tank level module, a well bottom water level module, a water pump, a three-phase bridge drive module, a switching power supply, and a power filtering module; it uses solar panels to power a brushless DC motor, and improves the efficiency of the solar panels through an internal MPPT algorithm; when the solar panel has power input, the MCU determines whether to start the water pump based on the water level switch. The target speed of the water pump when it starts is the maximum speed. When the solar input voltage drops to about 80% of the open circuit voltage, the MPPT algorithm is entered, and the maximum power point is found by intelligently increasing or decreasing the voltage, so that the output power of the solar panel can always be maximized.

[0004] However, the existing solutions do not provide a solution to the safety hazards of incorrect power supply configuration for solar panels. The wide range of output voltages for solar panel power supply can easily damage the controller. Therefore, a new solution is needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the technical problems and shortcomings in the existing technology, this invention provides a solar water pump driver that operates at a wide voltage, solving the technical problem of hardware circuit safety. It overcomes the need to adjust the hardware configuration of a solar power supply panel with a wide voltage output, enabling it to supply power and adapt to the motor drive module, thus driving the water pump in a safer manner.

[0006] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A wide-voltage operating solar water pump driver includes a microcontroller, a motor drive module, and a DC-DC power supply module. The input of the DC-DC power supply module is connected to a solar panel and receives a wide-voltage source VB+ provided by the solar panel. The microcontroller is connected to the motor drive module to provide motor control signals. The output of the motor drive module is connected to the water pump motor. The PWM pin of the microcontroller is connected to a voltage regulation circuit. The input of the voltage regulation circuit receives the wide-voltage source VB+ from the solar panel, and the output of the voltage regulation circuit provides an operating voltage source VBUS, which is then supplied to the motor drive module.

[0008] The two sampling pins on the microcontroller are also connected to voltage sampling circuits, which are connected to the voltage regulation circuit to sample the wide voltage source VB+ and the working voltage source VBUS respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the voltage regulation circuit includes a driver chip IC2, a diode D1, capacitors C1, C2, and E1, resistors R6, R2, and R1, and a crystal switch Q1. The first pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the voltage source VDD and the anode of the diode D1. The second pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the PWM signal terminal of the microcontroller. The fourth pin of the driver chip IC2 is grounded. The sixth pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R6. The seventh pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to one end of the resistor R1. The eighth pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the cathode of the diode D1. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the voltage source VBUS. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2, and the gate of the crystal switch Q1. The drain of the crystal switch Q1 is connected to the voltage source VB+. The source of the crystal switch Q1 is connected to the voltage source VBUS and the positive terminal of the capacitor E1. The other ends of the resistor R2, the other end of the capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of the capacitor E1 are all grounded.

[0010] Preferably, the voltage sampling circuit includes resistors R3, R5, and R4, and capacitor C3. One end of resistor R3 serves as the sampling terminal, and the other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of resistor R4 and one end of resistor R5. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and serves as the sampling output terminal. The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end of resistor R5 are grounded together.

[0011] Preferably, the DC-DC power module provides a voltage source VDD and a voltage source VCC.

[0012] Preferably, the capacitor E1 is an electrolytic capacitor.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] 1. This utility model regulates the wide-range voltage source VB+ provided by the solar panel. It uses the PWM wave output by the microcontroller to adjust the voltage source VB+. The voltage regulation circuit forms a closed-loop control based on the signals collected by the two sampling circuits, thereby adjusting the output working voltage source VBUS in real time. This ensures that the working voltage source VBUS is stably and reliably provided to the motor drive module, avoiding voltage mismatch or mismatch failure. It can effectively improve the working reliability of the overall hardware circuit. This solution is based on hardware design and provides hardware guarantee for the overall safety and reliability of use.

[0015] 2. In the hardware design of the voltage regulation circuit of this utility model, the driver chip IC2 and its peripheral circuit are used to control the turn-on and turn-off of the crystal switch Q1. At the same time, the duty cycle of the PWM wave is used to infinitely adjust the magnitude of the output working voltage source VBUS, thereby making the overall circuit work more safely and reliably. In this circuit, the electrolytic capacitor E1 is used to stabilize the output working voltage source VBUS, reduce the influence of ripple, and make the voltage more stable, close to a straight DC voltage.

[0016] 3. The voltage sampling circuit can sample voltage using a resistor divider, providing fast and accurate signals before and after voltage regulation. This provides a basis and conditions for voltage regulation and effectively provides the foundation for closed-loop control in hardware.

[0017] Other additional advantages and benefits of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the specific circuit principle of the voltage regulation circuit in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the power supply principle of the DC-DC power module according to an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microcontroller's signal processing flow in this application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals for major components:

[0023] 1. Voltage regulating circuit; 2. Voltage sampling circuit; 3. Water pump motor; 4. Motor drive module; 5. Solar panel; 6. DC-DC power supply module. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following specific examples illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0025] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. The illustrations only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be changed at will, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0026] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating directional or positional relationships, are based on the directional or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that in the description of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Example:

[0028] This invention discloses a wide-voltage operating solar water pump driver, as described in the following embodiments. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a microcontroller, a motor drive module 4, and a DC-DC power supply module 6.

[0029] Figure 2In this design, the input terminal of the DC-DC power module 6 is used to connect to the solar panel 5 and receive a wide voltage source VB+ provided by the solar panel 5. Port CN1 serves as the interface for the solar panel 5 and can also be used to represent the solar panel 5. Its power output voltage source has a wide range, such as 12-24V or 12-36V. The DC-DC power module 6 is an existing accessory and is not within the scope of this application, therefore it will not be described in detail. Specifically, the DC-DC power module 6 provides a voltage source VDD and a voltage source VCC. The voltage source VDD can be 5V. The voltage source VCC can be 5V, 3.3V, or 3V, depending on the actual hardware configuration.

[0030] exist Figure 1 In this configuration, the microcontroller IC1 connects to the motor drive module 4, providing motor control signals. The output of the motor drive module 4 is used to connect to the water pump motor 3. The motor drive module 4 requires a VBUS operating voltage source for its power supply.

[0031] The PWM pin of the microcontroller is connected to the voltage regulation circuit 1. The input of the voltage regulation circuit 1 obtains the wide voltage source VB+ of the solar panel 5. The output of the voltage regulation circuit 1 provides the working voltage source VBUS, which is then supplied to the motor drive module 4.

[0032] Specifically, the voltage regulation circuit 1 includes a driver chip IC2, a diode D1, capacitors C1, C2, and E1, resistors R6, R2, and R1, and a crystal switch Q1. The first pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the voltage source VDD and the anode of the diode D1. The second pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the PWM signal terminal of the microcontroller. The fourth pin of the driver chip IC2 is grounded. The sixth pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R6. The seventh pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to one end of the resistor R1. The eighth pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the cathode of the diode D1. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the voltage source VBUS. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2, and the gate of the crystal switch Q1. The drain of the crystal switch Q1 is connected to the voltage source VB+. The source of the crystal switch Q1 is connected to the voltage source VBUS and the positive terminal of the capacitor E1. The other ends of the resistor R2, the other ends of the capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of the capacitor E1 are all grounded. Capacitor E1 is an electrolytic capacitor.

[0033] In addition, the two sampling pins on the microcontroller are also connected to voltage sampling circuit 2, and the two voltage sampling circuits 2 are respectively connected to voltage regulation circuit 1 to sample the wide voltage source VB+ and the working voltage source VBUS.

[0034] Specifically, the voltage sampling circuit 2 includes resistors R3, R5, R4 and capacitor C3. One end of resistor R3 serves as the sampling terminal, and the other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of resistor R4 and one end of resistor R5. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and serves as the sampling output terminal. The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end of resistor R5 are grounded together.

[0035] In this solution, the wide-range voltage source VB+ provided by the solar panel 5 is regulated. The PWM wave output by the microcontroller is used to adjust the voltage source VB+. The voltage regulation circuit 1 forms a closed-loop control based on the signals collected by the two sampling circuits, thereby adjusting the output working voltage source VBUS in real time. This ensures that the working voltage source VBUS is stably and reliably provided to the motor drive module 4, avoiding voltage mismatch or mismatch failure. This effectively improves the overall reliability of the hardware circuit. This solution is based on hardware design and provides hardware protection for the overall safety and reliability of use. In the hardware design of voltage regulation circuit 1, the driver chip IC2 and its peripheral circuits are used to control the turn-on and turn-off of the crystal switch Q1. At the same time, the duty cycle of the PWM wave is used to infinitely adjust the magnitude of the output working voltage source VBUS, thereby making the overall circuit work more safely and reliably. In this circuit, electrolytic capacitor E1 is used to stabilize the output working voltage source VBUS, reduce the influence of ripple, and make the voltage more stable, close to a straight DC voltage. Voltage sampling circuit 2 can sample by resistive voltage division, and can quickly and accurately provide the signal before and after voltage regulation, providing a basis and condition for voltage regulation, and effectively providing the basis for closed-loop control in hardware.

[0036] Figure 1 In this patent, module U1 is the motor drive module 4, a conventional inverter circuit, and is not protected by this patent. Similarly, module U2 is a conventional DC-DC power supply module 6, which is also not protected by this patent. Commonly used DC-DC converters have very wide operating voltage ranges, which can meet the requirements.

[0037] Q1 is a power switching device. Depending on the specific circuit, a MOSFET or IGBT is selected, and Q1 is driven by the half-bridge driver chip IC2. PWM is used to drive Q1 to chop the supply voltage VB+ to obtain a suitable VBUS voltage value. As long as Q1 has sufficient voltage withstand capability, it can withstand the voltage of the solar panel. When the PWM operating frequency is relatively high, the filter capacitor E1 can have a smaller capacitance, for example, a 50kHz frequency.

[0038] Resistors R3 and R5 divide the operating voltage source VBUS, which is processed by the microcontroller ADC1 to detect whether the current voltage is appropriate. If the current voltage is too low, the PWM duty cycle is increased appropriately; if the current voltage is too high, the PWM duty cycle is decreased appropriately. By adjusting the duty cycle, VBUS can be kept within the appropriate range. Similarly, resistors R7 and R9 divide the solar panel voltage, which is sent to the microcontroller ADC2 for detection to determine whether the solar panel voltage VB+ exceeds the allowable voltage of Q1, serving as an overvoltage protection detection.

[0039] Combination Figure 3 To further understand,

[0040] After power-on, the microcontroller first checks whether VB+ is overvoltage. If it is not overvoltage, the water pump driver can be turned on.

[0041] Q1 is controlled by a PWM signal with a moderate duty cycle to perform chopping, the VBUS voltage is detected, and the PWM duty cycle is dynamically adjusted according to the actual VBUS voltage.

[0042] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wide-voltage operating solar water pump driver, comprising a microcontroller, a motor drive module (4), and a DC-DC power supply module (6), wherein the input terminal of the DC-DC power supply module (6) is used to connect to a solar panel (5) and receive a wide voltage source VB+ provided by the solar panel (5), the microcontroller is connected to the motor drive module (4) to provide motor control signals, and the output terminal of the motor drive module (4) is used to connect to a water pump motor (3), characterized in that, The PWM pin of the microcontroller is connected to the voltage regulation circuit (1). The input terminal of the voltage regulation circuit (1) obtains the wide voltage source VB+ of the solar panel (5), and the output terminal of the voltage regulation circuit (1) provides the working voltage source VBUS. The working voltage source VBUS is provided to the motor drive module (4). The two sampling pins on the microcontroller are also connected to the voltage sampling circuit (2), and the two voltage sampling circuits (2) are connected to the voltage regulating circuit (1) to sample the wide voltage source VB+ and the working voltage source VBUS respectively.

2. The wide-voltage operating solar water pump driver according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage regulation circuit (1) includes a driver chip IC2, a diode D1, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor E1, a resistor R6, a resistor R2, a resistor R1, and a crystal switch Q1. The first pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the voltage source VDD and the anode of the diode D1. The second pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the PWM signal terminal of the microcontroller. The fourth pin of the driver chip IC2 is grounded. The sixth pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the resistor R6. The seventh pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to one end of the resistor R1. The eighth pin of the driver chip IC2 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1 and the cathode of the diode D1. The other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the voltage source VBUS. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2, and the gate of the crystal switch Q1. The drain of the crystal switch Q1 is connected to the voltage source VB+. The source of the crystal switch Q1 is connected to the voltage source VBUS and the positive terminal of the capacitor E1. The other ends of the resistor R2, the other ends of the capacitor C2, and the negative terminal of the capacitor E1 are all grounded.

3. A solar water pump driver operating at a wide voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage sampling circuit (2) includes resistors R3, R5, R4 and C3. One end of resistor R3 is used as the sampling terminal. The other end of resistor R3 is connected to one end of resistor R4 and one end of resistor R5. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to one end of capacitor C3 and is used as the sampling output terminal. The other end of capacitor C3 and the other end of resistor R5 are grounded together.

4. A solar water pump driver operating at a wide voltage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC-DC power module (6) provides voltage source VDD and voltage source VCC.

5. A solar water pump driver operating at a wide voltage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The capacitor E1 is an electrolytic capacitor.

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