Combined cooling, heating and power system coupled with PVT, hydrate cold storage and heat pump

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy utilization, and discloses a combined cooling, heating and power system coupling PVT, hydrate cold storage and a heat pump, which comprises a PVT subsystem used for realizing photovoltaic power generation and absorbing solar heat; the hydrate cold storage subsystem is used for storing and releasing cold energy through the phase change process of the hydrate; the heat pump subsystem is in fluid connection with the PVT subsystem and the hydrate cold storage subsystem and comprises a compressor, a heat storage tank, a plurality of expansion valves, a heat exchanger and a plurality of stop valves, and a switchable fluid path is arranged between an outlet of the heat storage tank and inlets of a plurality of heat exchange units; a heat pump working medium can be flexibly switched to heat exchange paths of the PVT assembly, the cold storage tank, the heat exchanger and the like in different operation modes, and various operation states of photovoltaic assembly cooling, cold energy storage, heat energy storage, air heat compensation, condensation heat removal and the like are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of energy utilization technology, and in particular relates to a combined heat and power system that couples PVT, hydrate cold storage and heat pump. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of renewable energy technologies, solar energy, as a green, clean, and inexhaustible energy source, has been widely applied in various fields such as building energy supply and industrial applications. Among them, solar photovoltaic power generation systems have made significant progress in both distributed and centralized power generation due to their advantages of simple structure and flexible deployment. Meanwhile, solar thermal utilization technology is also widely used in scenarios such as domestic hot water and building heating through heat collection devices and thermal storage devices. To further improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy resources, in recent years, photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) technology, which combines photovoltaic power generation with solar thermal utilization, has emerged. Combined with heat pump systems and energy storage devices, it achieves combined power supply of electricity, heat, and cooling energy, becoming an important research direction for the comprehensive utilization of solar energy.

[0003] However, traditional solar energy utilization systems still face the following technological bottlenecks:

[0004] Firstly, the system has a single function, usually only outputting electrical or thermal energy, which makes it difficult to meet diverse load demands.

[0005] Secondly, the energy conversion efficiency is low, especially in high-temperature environments, where photovoltaic modules are prone to the "hot spot" effect, leading to a decrease in power output and affecting system stability.

[0006] Third, the system operation is susceptible to fluctuations in solar energy and seasonal changes, making it difficult to achieve dynamic matching of energy supply and demand;

[0007] Fourth, energy storage technologies generally suffer from problems such as low energy density, slow response speed, and poor temperature adaptability, which limit the system's all-weather operation capability.

[0008] To address the aforementioned issues, some technical solutions have proposed multi-energy combined power systems based on PVT modules and heat pump technology to improve the overall utilization rate of solar energy and the stability of system operation. For example, Chinese patent application CN115962582A discloses a solar energy utilization system that combines electricity, cooling, and heating. This system integrates photovoltaic panels, cold storage panels, and direct cooling panels, combined with a heat pump system to achieve both electrical output and cooling / heating regulation of solar energy. The system uses hydrates as the cold storage medium, utilizing their latent heat of phase change to cool the photovoltaic panels. Simultaneously, airflow cleaning and tapping mechanisms keep the module surface clean, improving system efficiency. This solution also incorporates multiple operating modes, allowing for mode switching to adapt to different load demands and external environmental conditions. However, the system still has shortcomings in dealing with the fluctuations, seasonal variations, and diverse user needs of solar energy supply, especially in matching cooling and heating demands. In addition, in scenarios where multiple demands are coordinated, such as photovoltaic panel cooling, user heating, and cold storage tank cooling, the system relies on mechanical knocking and air blowing components to assist in heat exchange, resulting in low automation. Furthermore, the lack of a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the distribution of working fluid flow can easily lead to lag in photovoltaic panel temperature control and a decrease in power generation efficiency.

[0009] Another Chinese utility model patent, CN207035564U, discloses a time-sharing PVT heat pump combined heat, power, and cooling system. This system uses PVT components as the core for energy harvesting and heat exchange. By controlling a four-way reversing valve and a solenoid valve, it achieves flexible switching between heating, cooling, and power supply modes. Furthermore, by integrating a hot water storage tank and an ice storage tank, it stores the heat and cold energy harvested during the day for use at night or when sunlight is insufficient, thereby improving the stability and continuity of system operation. However, although this system introduces a time-sharing control strategy, it still suffers from insufficient system flexibility and significant control difficulties when dealing with complex and changing operating conditions and diverse user needs. Especially when solar energy supply is insufficient or excessive, it cannot achieve optimal energy utilization and distribution, resulting in low energy regulation efficiency.

[0010] In summary, existing PVT-heat pump combined cooling and power systems still have significant shortcomings in terms of multi-energy coupling efficiency and control flexibility, making it difficult to meet the comprehensive energy supply needs of all-weather, all-scenario, and multi-demand applications. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of solar-powered combined cooling, power, and power system with high energy storage efficiency, high system integration, flexible control strategies, and better energy utilization to better address the challenges of intermittent, fluctuating, and multi-load coupling in solar energy utilization. Utility Model Content

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a combined heat and power system that couples PVT, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump. By flexibly switching the refrigerant path under different operating conditions, it achieves multifunctional integrated operation of photovoltaic power generation, heat storage, and cold release, significantly improving the system's energy efficiency and operational stability.

[0012] In view of this, the present invention provides a combined heat and power system that couples PVT, hydrate cold storage and heat pump, comprising:

[0013] The PVT subsystem contains at least one PVT module for generating photovoltaic power and absorbing solar heat.

[0014] A hydrate cold storage subsystem, comprising a cold storage tank and hydrates filled inside it, is used for storing and releasing cold energy through a phase change process;

[0015] The heat pump subsystem is connected to the PVT subsystem and the hydrate cold storage subsystem through a working fluid circulation path. The heat pump subsystem includes a compressor, an expansion valve, a heat exchanger, a heat storage tank, and multiple shut-off valves, forming a switchable multi-mode cooling, heating, and heat exchange path.

[0016] The outlet of the heat storage tank is connected to the inlet of at least one expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the PVT assembly, the cold storage tank, and the heat exchanger, respectively. The outlets of the PVT assembly, the cold storage tank, and the heat exchanger are connected back to the compressor inlet via pipelines.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of this application, the system is provided with multiple heat exchange branches and corresponding shut-off valves, so that the working fluid in the heat pump subsystem can form multiple heat exchange loops with the PVT component, cold storage tank, heat storage tank and heat exchanger through pipeline switching under different operating modes, so that the system can output electrical energy, thermal energy and cold energy at the same time.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a first flow path is provided between the thermal storage tank and the PVT assembly, a first electronic expansion valve is provided on the first flow path, a second flow path is provided between the PVT assembly and the compressor, and a third flow path is provided between the compressor and the thermal storage tank.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a third connecting branch is connected in parallel at both ends of the inlet and outlet of the PVT component, a fourth connecting branch is provided between the PVT component and the compressor, the cold storage tank is provided on the fourth connecting branch, and a shut-off valve is provided on the third connecting branch and the fourth connecting branch respectively.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a first shut-off valve is provided on the third connecting branch, a second shut-off valve is provided on the first flow path on the inlet side of the PVT component, a fourth shut-off valve is provided on the second flow path, a third shut-off valve is provided on the inlet side of the fourth connecting branch, and a fifth shut-off valve is provided on the outlet side of the fourth connecting branch.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a first connecting branch is provided between the outlet end of the heat storage tank and the inlet end of the compressor, the heat exchanger is provided on the first connecting branch, a second electronic expansion valve is provided on the inlet side of the heat exchanger to connect with the first flow path, and the outlet side of the heat exchanger is connected to the second flow path through an eighth shut-off valve.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of this application, a second connecting branch is provided between the heat exchanger outlet and the compressor outlet, a seventh shut-off valve is provided on the third flow path between the compressor and the heat storage tank, and a sixth shut-off valve is provided on the second connecting branch.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of this application, an energy storage module is included, which is electrically connected to the main power grid and the user terminal through a first smart cabinet, and the PVT component is electrically connected to the energy storage module and the first smart cabinet through a second smart cabinet.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0025] 1. This application integrates PVT components as a dual-energy output source of electricity and heat, working in conjunction with a high-potential-potential-heat hydrate cold storage device and a variable-frequency direct-expansion heat pump subsystem with multi-path adjustable capabilities to construct a highly integrated energy cycle system. During the day when there is sufficient sunlight, the system can directly supply energy through photovoltaic power generation and efficiently absorb solar heat for heat storage. At the same time, it utilizes hydrates to store excess cold energy through phase change, providing a backup cold source for nighttime or periods without sunlight. The system can flexibly switch between heat storage, cold storage, and photovoltaic panel cooling by controlling the refrigerant flow through a combination of multiple electronic expansion valves and shut-off valves. This enables reliable coupling and efficient synergy between the energy acquisition, conversion, and output stages, comprehensively overcoming the limitations of traditional systems such as insufficient coupling of cold and heat energy, competition between power generation and heat energy, and difficulty in balancing cold and heat storage, providing continuous support for the system's multi-period energy consumption.

[0026] 2. This application enables free switching between functions such as thermal energy storage, air source heat replenishment, PVT cooling, and condensation heat removal through at least six closed-loop operation modes. Users can automatically select the optimal operating path according to actual load demand and environmental conditions. It can not only take into account photovoltaic cooling and cold energy storage under sunny and high-sunlight conditions, but also complete thermal and cold storage operations at night or in cloudy and rainy weather using low electricity prices. The system introduces an air heat exchanger and a dual electronic expansion valve design to ensure continuous heat exchange capacity when there is no photovoltaic heat source. This ensures that the system has good energy efficiency response and output capacity under different seasons and weather conditions, effectively mitigating the impact of the intermittency and uncertainty of solar energy supply. Under different operating modes, the components do not interfere with each other and complement each other, fundamentally improving the system's adaptability to complex energy use scenarios. It is suitable for comprehensive power, heat, and cooling supply needs under multiple scenarios and multiple load conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a combined heat and power system that couples PVT, hydrate cold storage and heat pump according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of Mode 1 of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this embodiment of the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of Mode 2 of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this utility model embodiment;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of Mode 3 of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of Mode 4 of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this utility model embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of Mode 5 of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this embodiment of the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of Mode Six of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this utility model embodiment;

[0034] The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0035] 1-PVT component; 2-Heat exchanger; 3-Cold storage tank; 4-Heat storage tank; 5-Compressor; 7-First electronic expansion valve; 8-Second electronic expansion valve; 9-First connecting branch; 10-Second connecting branch; 11-Third connecting branch; 12-Main power grid; 13-Energy storage module; 14-First intelligent electrical cabinet; 15-Second intelligent electrical cabinet; 16-First shut-off valve; 17-Second shut-off valve; 18-Third shut-off valve; 19-Fourth shut-off valve; 20-Fifth shut-off valve; 21-Sixth shut-off valve; 22-Seventh shut-off valve; 23-Eighth shut-off valve; 24-First flow path; 25-Second flow path; 26-Fourth connecting branch; 27-Third flow path. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional and positional terms used in this utility model, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," "lower," "lateral," "longitudinal," and "center," are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and connections between components in a specific state (as shown in the accompanying drawings). They are merely for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not require that this utility model be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., in this utility model are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, this application discloses a combined heat and power system that couples a PVT, hydrate cold storage, and a heat pump, including...

[0041] The PVT subsystem includes at least one PVT component 1 for generating photovoltaic power and absorbing solar heat;

[0042] The hydrate cold storage subsystem includes a cold storage tank 3 and hydrates filled inside it, which is used to store and release cold energy through a phase change process;

[0043] The heat pump subsystem is connected to the PVT subsystem and the hydrate cold storage subsystem via a working fluid circulation path. The heat pump subsystem includes a compressor 5, an expansion valve, a heat exchanger 2, a heat storage tank 4, and multiple shut-off valves, forming a switchable multi-mode cooling, heating, and heat exchange path.

[0044] The outlet of the heat storage tank 4 is connected to the inlet of at least one expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the PVT component 1, the cold storage tank 3, and the heat exchanger 2, respectively. The outlets of the PVT component 1, the cold storage tank 3, and the heat exchanger 2 are connected back to the inlet of the compressor 5 via pipelines. The on / off of the pipeline is controlled by a shut-off valve to switch the system operating mode, so that the system can output electrical energy, thermal energy, and cold energy simultaneously.

[0045] This application discloses a combined heat and power (CHP) system coupling PVT, hydrate cold storage, and a heat pump. By integrating a photovoltaic-photothermal PVT subsystem, a high latent heat hydrate energy storage cold storage subsystem, and a variable frequency direct expansion refrigeration / heat pump subsystem with multi-mode control capabilities, a compact and energy-efficient multi-energy complementary system is constructed. The PVT subsystem includes at least one PVT component 1 capable of simultaneously generating photovoltaic power and absorbing solar heat. The hydrate cold storage subsystem is equipped with a cold storage tank 3 filled with hydrates possessing high latent heat and suitable phase change temperatures (e.g., latent heat of phase change 200-500 kJ / kg, phase change temperature 0-15℃), which can be used for working fluid heat exchange to achieve cold energy storage and release. The heat pump subsystem includes a variable frequency compressor 5, multiple expansion valves, a heat storage tank 4, a heat exchanger 2, and a thermodynamic fluid control module composed of multiple shut-off valves, connected via a closed pipe. The system uses a recyclable working fluid (i.e., refrigerant, usually R32, R410A, etc.) to connect the various functional modules (such as the PVT subsystem, hydrate cold storage subsystem, and heat pump subsystem) within the system. The working fluid flows between the modules and undergoes a heat exchange process, forming a complete heat or cold energy transfer path. Its core control logic is as follows: the outlet of the heat storage tank 4 is connected to multiple expansion valves through pipelines. The outlets of the expansion valves are then connected to the inlets of the PVT component 1, the cold storage tank 3, and the heat exchanger 2, respectively. The outlets of the three are then connected in parallel back to the inlet of the compressor 5. The flow path is flexibly controlled by the shut-off valves set in each branch, realizing free switching between different operating states such as cooling, heating, and energy storage. This allows the system to achieve multi-functional integrated operation, including solar thermal recovery, heat storage and heating, cold storage and cold release, and air source auxiliary heating, while ensuring the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0046] During operation, the system first uses a variable frequency compressor 5 to compress the refrigerant (working fluid) into a high-temperature, high-pressure state before sending it to the heat storage tank 4 to release some heat for heat storage or heating needs. The refrigerant then passes through different expansion valves to reduce its pressure and enters the corresponding branch. If it enters the PVT module 1, it absorbs excess heat from its surface to cool the module and promotes the evaporation of the refrigerant to complete the heat removal process, thus improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency. If it enters the cold storage tank 3, it undergoes phase change heat exchange with hydrates to complete the cold storage or release process, thus realizing the cold storage regulation function. If it enters the heat exchanger 2, it exchanges heat with the ambient air for heat supplementation or heat dissipation. According to different operating modes, the corresponding branch is opened and closed by the shut-off valve and combined into multiple circulation paths. It can adapt to different meteorological conditions such as sunny days, cloudy days, daytime, nighttime, or high-temperature seasons and low-temperature seasons for various energy output forms such as electricity, cooling, heating, or energy storage, and realize the dynamic optimization allocation of energy.

[0047] This application achieves the coordinated output of electrical, thermal, and cooling energy through the efficient integration and structural optimization of three major subsystems: a PVT subsystem, a hydrated cold storage subsystem, and a heat pump subsystem. It not only enables power generation and heating using solar energy when sunlight is abundant, but also maintains heat and cooling output through air heat sources and energy storage devices when sunlight is insufficient or there is no solar input. This enhances the stability and independence of system operation, significantly improves the system's adaptability and response speed to various load scenarios, and ultimately realizes a comprehensive energy supply platform that can meet diverse needs year-round, all-weather, cross-time, cross-scenario, and multi-demand requirements. It provides efficient, stable, and low-carbon solutions for building energy supply, RV energy, and autonomous energy storage systems.

[0048] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 2 The disclosed schematic diagram of photovoltaic power generation + heat pump cooling photovoltaic panel + heat pump providing heat storage shows that a first flow path 24 is set between the heat storage tank 4 and the PVT component 1, and a first electronic expansion valve 7 is set on the first flow path 24. A second flow path 25 is set between the PVT component 1 and the compressor 5, and a third flow path 27 is set between the compressor 5 and the heat storage tank 4. In the first operating state of the heat pump working fluid in the compressor 5, the fluid circulates sequentially along the third flow path 27, the first flow path 24, and the second flow path 25, forming a closed loop of compressor 5 → heat storage tank 4 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → PVT component 1 → compressor 5. In a preferred embodiment of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this application, a first flow path 24 for conveying high-temperature and high-pressure working fluid is provided between the heat storage tank 4 and the PVT assembly 1. A first electronic expansion valve 7, adjustable in flow rate and pressure, is connected in series in the first flow path 24 to control the state of the working fluid flowing into the PVT assembly 1. A second flow path 25 is provided between the outlet of the PVT assembly 1 and the inlet of the compressor 5 to return the heat-absorbing and evaporated working fluid to the compressor 5 for the next round of compression. A third flow path 27 is provided between the outlet of the compressor 5 and the heat storage tank 4 to introduce the compressed and heated working fluid into the heat storage tank 4 to release heat. These three flow paths constitute a combined electric heating and cooling system. A complete heat pump closed loop constitutes the system's Mode 1 operating state. In Mode 1 operating state, the heat pump working fluid enters the heat storage tank 4 from the compressor 5 outlet along the third flow path 27 to release some heat. Then, it passes through the first flow path 24 and is throttled and depressurized by the first electronic expansion valve 7 before entering the PVT module 1 to absorb the waste heat of the photovoltaic panel and evaporate. Finally, it returns to the compressor 5 inlet through the second flow path 25 to form a closed loop. This path utilizes the waste heat resources of the PVT module 1, enabling the heat pump working fluid to specifically absorb the heat generated by the photovoltaic module during operation in the PVT module 1. While maintaining the stable temperature of the photovoltaic panel, it effectively removes the potential for hot spots and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the power generation module.

[0049] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 3The diagram shows a photovoltaic power generation + heat pump cooling photovoltaic panel + heat pump providing heat storage + cold storage tank cold storage. A third connecting branch 11 is connected in parallel at both ends of the inlet and outlet of the PVT module 1. A fourth connecting branch 26 is provided between the PVT module 1 and the compressor 5. The cold storage tank 3 is located on the fourth connecting branch 26. The inlet of the fourth connecting branch 26 is located between the outlet of the PVT module 1 and the outlet of the third connecting branch 11. The outlet of the fourth connecting branch 26 is located between the outlet of the third connecting branch 11 and the compressor 5. Shut-off valves are respectively provided on the third connecting branch 11 and the fourth connecting branch 26 to adjust the flow ratio of the working fluid between the PVT module 1 and the cold storage tank 3. This allows the heat pump subsystem to achieve parallel operation of the PVT module 1 and the cold storage tank 3 and coordinated output of cooling capacity in Mode 2, forming a closed loop of compressor 5 → heat storage tank 4 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → PVT module 1 → compressor 5 and compressor 5 → heat storage tank 4 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → cold storage tank 3 → compressor 5 in parallel. In a preferred embodiment of the combined heat and power system described in this application, to achieve synchronous and coordinated cooling and cold storage functions of the photovoltaic module, a compact and clearly defined parallel heat exchange path is designed. A third connecting branch 11 is connected in parallel at both the inlet and outlet ends of the PVT module 1. Structurally, this branch forms a refrigerant diversion channel with the PVT module 1. Furthermore, a fourth connecting branch 26 is provided between the PVT module 1 and the compressor 5, and a cold storage tank 3 is arranged in series on this branch. This allows the refrigerant after passing through the PVT module outlet to directly enter the cold storage tank for heat exchange and then return to the compressor 5. Shut-off valves are respectively installed on the third connecting branch 11 and the fourth connecting branch 26. By rationally controlling the opening of these shut-off valves, part of the working fluid flows to the PVT module 1 to absorb the heat generated by the photovoltaic panel and cool it down, while the other part flows to the cold storage tank 3 to undergo a phase change heat transfer process with the internal hydrate material to store the cold energy. After the working fluids from the PVT module 1 and the cold storage tank 3 merge, they return to the compressor 5 to complete one cycle. The entire system uses the heat storage tank 4 as the core of the heat source buffer, and the PVT module 1 and the cold storage tank 3 as cold end load modules. The flow rate is precisely controlled through shut-off valves, and the heat transfer process of the refrigerant is completed at different heat exchange nodes. This allows the system to maintain stable closed-loop operation and bidirectional energy transfer even under complex meteorological conditions such as strong sunlight and large load changes.

[0050] This application, by setting up a third connecting branch 11 and a fourth connecting branch 26 and configuring shut-off valves on them, enables the system to achieve parallel operation of PVT module 1 and cold storage tank 3 during mode 2 operation. It also allows for flexible adjustment of the refrigerant flow distribution path according to actual cooling load requirements, keeping the photovoltaic panel temperature within an optimal range, thereby significantly improving its power generation efficiency and thermal stability. At the same time, the cold storage tank 3 efficiently stores cold energy through the hydrate phase change heat absorption process, effectively addressing the cooling load compensation needs during nighttime or periods of insufficient sunlight. This structural design not only improves the utilization efficiency of solar cold energy but also achieves non-interference and synchronous operation of cold storage and cooling functions, further expanding the system's load response range and operating condition adaptability, and providing users with a more flexible, energy-saving, and reliable integrated energy solution.

[0051] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, a first shut-off valve 16 is provided on the third connecting branch 11, a second shut-off valve 17 is provided on the first flow path 24 between the inlet of the PVT component 1 and the inlet of the third connecting branch 11, a fourth shut-off valve 19 is provided on the second flow path 25 between the outlet of the third connecting branch 11 and the compressor 5, a third shut-off valve 18 is provided on the fourth connecting branch 26 on the inlet side of the cold storage tank 3, and a fifth shut-off valve 20 is provided on the fourth connecting branch 26 on the outlet side of the cold storage tank 3. In a preferred example of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this application, to achieve more refined control of the cooling output function of the combined electric heating and cooling system under different modes, five shut-off valves are respectively set on the existing third connecting branch 11, fourth connecting branch 26 and their connected first flow path 24 and second flow path 25 to achieve segmented independent control of each heat exchange path. Among them, a first shut-off valve 16 is arranged on the third connecting branch 11, which is set in parallel at both ends of the inlet and outlet of the PVT component 1. This branch is responsible for the rapid loop switching of the working fluid bypassing the PVT component 1 and directly entering the compressor. A second shut-off valve 17 is set on the first flow path 24 between the inlet of the PVT component 1 and the inlet of the third connecting branch 11 to regulate the flow rate of the working fluid entering the PVT component 1. A second shut-off valve 17 is set on the first flow path 24 between the outlet of the PVT component 1 and the compressor 5 to regulate the flow rate of the working fluid entering the PVT component 1. A fourth shut-off valve 19 is installed on the second flow path 25 to control the smooth flow of the main circulation loop. On the fourth connecting branch 26, which is the branch where the cold storage tank 3 is located, a third shut-off valve 18 is installed on the inlet side and a fifth shut-off valve 20 is installed on the outlet side. Thus, when the working fluid is guided to the cold storage tank 3 for cold storage or cold release, the entry and exit states of the working fluid can be controlled respectively. By precisely controlling the opening and closing states of the above five shut-off valves, the system can realize various state combinations such as arbitrary parallel connection, series connection, individual operation or isolated maintenance between the PVT components and the cold storage tank. It has extremely high operational flexibility and system scalability. Throughout the process, the system can flexibly combine the opening and closing states according to the load demand and external environmental conditions to control the refrigerant flow direction, and realize the comprehensive and coordinated control of dynamic cold storage, stable cooling, energy efficiency recovery and path switching.

[0052] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 4 The diagram shows a nighttime cold storage + heat pump providing heat storage. The second shut-off valve 17 connected in series with the PVT component 1 is closed, and the first shut-off valve 16 on the third connecting branch 11 is opened, so that in the system operating state of mode three, the heat pump working fluid can flow in series through the heat storage tank 4 and the cold storage tank 3 to achieve simultaneous cold storage and heat storage, forming a closed loop of compressor 5 → heat storage tank 4 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → cold storage tank 3 → compressor 5. In a preferred example of the combined power, heating, and cooling system described in this application, a coordinated operation mode for cold storage and thermal storage, namely Mode 3, is proposed for operation during periods of low electricity prices, specifically for nighttime operation without sunlight or when the photovoltaic modules are not working. This mode achieves orderly switching of the refrigerant circulation path by regulating the second shut-off valve 17 located on the first flow path 24 and the first shut-off valve 16 on the parallel third connecting branch 11. When the system enters this mode, the second shut-off valve 17 is closed to disconnect the refrigerant path to the PVT module 1, and the first shut-off valve 16 is opened, allowing the refrigerant to bypass the PVT module 1 and enter the cold storage branch via the bypass branch. The refrigerant, compressed by the compressor 5, flows into the thermal storage tank 4 for heat release and heating. Yes, then the refrigerant is throttled and depressurized at the first electronic expansion valve 7. After depressurization, the refrigerant enters the cold storage tank 3 and exchanges heat with the hydrate medium to complete the cold storage. Finally, it flows back to the compressor 5 inlet to form a stable closed loop, thus constructing a pure heat pump driven cold and heat storage path that does not rely on the PVT module 1. This allows the system to operate efficiently at night when the photovoltaic module is not working. It is particularly suitable for cooperating with the time-of-use electricity pricing policy, actively starting the compressor for cooling during low electricity price periods at night and simultaneously completing heat and cold storage operations. This achieves peak-shifting use of electricity and time-shifted supply of cold and heat energy, which reduces the overall operating cost and ensures the stability of energy supply in the next day or subsequent periods under conditions of no sunlight or sudden load increases.

[0053] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 5The diagram shows a photovoltaic power generation + heat pump cooling of photovoltaic panels + heat extraction from the environment + heat pump providing heat storage. A first connecting branch 9 is set between the outlet end of the heat storage tank 4 and the inlet end of the compressor 5. The heat exchanger 2 is set on the first connecting branch 9. A second electronic expansion valve 8 is set on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 2. The inlet side of the second electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the first flow path 24 on the front side of the inlet of the first electronic expansion valve 7. The outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 is connected to the second flow path 25 on the front side of the inlet of the compressor 5 through the eighth shut-off valve 23. This allows the heat pump working fluid to absorb heat simultaneously through the PVT component 1 and the heat exchanger 2 in parallel, forming a closed loop of compressor 5 → heat storage tank 4 → second electronic expansion valve 8 → heat exchanger 2 → compressor 5 and compressor 5 → heat storage tank 4 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → PVT component 1 → compressor 5 in parallel. In a preferred embodiment of the combined electric heating and cooling system described in this application, to effectively address the problem of unstable heating caused by insufficient heat absorption capacity of the PVT module 1 under cloudy or rainy weather or low-irradiance environments, the system structure includes a parallel heat exchange branch for supplemental heating. A first connecting branch 9 is arranged between the outlet of the heat storage tank 4 and the inlet of the compressor 5, and an air source heat exchanger 2 is connected in series on this branch. A second electronic expansion valve 8 is installed on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 2 to control the refrigerant flow rate and evaporation state entering it. The inlet of the second electronic expansion valve 8 is connected to the section before the first electronic expansion valve 7 in the first flow path 24. This allows the high-pressure working fluid at the outlet of the heat storage tank 4 to selectively flow through two expansion channels into the PVT component 1 and the heat exchanger 2, respectively. The outlet of the heat exchanger 2 is further connected to the inlet of the compressor 5 through the eighth shut-off valve 23, so that the two low-pressure heat-absorbing working fluids can merge in front of the compressor 5 after completing heat exchange, forming a closed loop and starting the next round of compression. Through the above structure, the heat pump working fluid can be diverted as needed in different heat source paths, making full use of the dual heat sources of air heat source and photovoltaic waste heat to achieve synergistic evaporation heat exchange, providing continuous and stable heat energy output support for the system in low-light heating scenarios.

[0054] This application constructs the heat exchanger 2 and the PVT component 1 in parallel and sets up an independent second electronic expansion valve 8 and an eighth shut-off valve 23 for precise adjustment of the heat exchange path and working fluid flow. The system can actively activate the air source for supplemental heating under conditions of insufficient sunlight, rain, snow or low temperature. This effectively makes up for the problem of reduced heating capacity of traditional PVT single heat source systems under non-ideal weather conditions, realizes the complementary coupling of air thermal energy and solar thermal energy, and thus improves the adaptability and operational stability of the system.

[0055] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 6The diagram shows a photovoltaic power generation + heat pump cooling of photovoltaic panels + cold storage tank for cold storage + removal of excess heat. A second connecting branch 10 is set at the outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 and the outlet side of the compressor 5. The inlet side of the second connecting branch 10 is set between the outlet side of the heat exchanger 2 and the eighth shut-off valve 23. A seventh shut-off valve 22 is set on the third flow path 27 between the compressor 5 and the heat storage tank 4. The outlet side of the second connecting branch 10 is set between the compressor 5 and the third flow path 27. A sixth shut-off valve 21 is set on the second connecting branch 10. When the system is in mode five operation, the seventh shut-off valve 22 and the eighth shut-off valve 23 are closed, and the sixth shut-off valve 21 is opened. The heat exchanger 2 operates as a condenser, releasing heat into the air. In the case of strong sunlight, high ambient temperature, and the heat storage tank 4 already saturated in summer, the proposed combined heat and power system employs a mode five, where the heat exchanger 2 is used as a condenser to remove waste heat, in order to ensure the cooling efficiency of the photovoltaic modules and maintain the normal operation of the system's cold storage function. This mode involves a second connecting branch 10 to connect the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 with the outlet of the compressor 5, forming a heat bypass path. The inlet of the second connecting branch 10 is located between the outlet of the heat exchanger 2 and the eighth shut-off valve 23, and the outlet is located between the outlet of the compressor 5 and the third flow path 27 between the third flow path 27 and the heat storage tank 4. A sixth shut-off valve 21 is installed in the second connecting branch 10 to control the opening and closing of this path. A seventh shut-off valve 22 is installed on flow path 27 to control the return path from the outlet of compressor 5 to the inlet of heat storage tank 4. An eighth shut-off valve 23 is installed on the first connecting branch 9 to control the return path from the outlet of heat exchanger 2 to the inlet of compressor 5. In mode 5 operation, by closing the seventh shut-off valve 22 and the eighth shut-off valve 23 and opening the sixth shut-off valve 21, the high-temperature working fluid output by compressor 5 can directly enter heat exchanger 2 and release heat to the air, thereby enabling heat exchanger 2 to perform the function of condenser. At the same time, the expanded working fluid continues to flow to PVT module 1 and cold storage tank 3 for evaporation and heat absorption, so that the system still has stable cooling and photovoltaic module cooling capabilities during the heat load redundancy period, ensuring power generation efficiency and cold storage efficiency.

[0056] This design constructs a heat dissipation path centered on heat exchanger 2, and incorporates a second connecting branch 10 and multiple sets of shut-off valves. This allows the system to continue operating even when its heat storage capacity is saturated under high temperature and high light conditions. Excess heat is released into the ambient air without additional energy consumption, effectively mitigating the limitations imposed by the heat capacity overflow of the heat storage tank 4 on the refrigeration path of the compressor 5, thereby improving system stability and operational continuity. Furthermore, by flexibly converting the function of heat exchanger 2 from the evaporator end to the condenser end, the functional boundaries of heat exchanger 2 in the system are expanded. This enables the system to maintain dynamic energy regulation capabilities even under conditions of extremely uneven heating and cooling loads. It is particularly suitable for critical operating periods during hot summer months when high-efficiency photovoltaic operation coincides with peak user-end cooling loads. This achieves the triple goals of increasing photovoltaic module cooling and power generation efficiency, stable cooling output, and closed-loop energy management of the system. In this mode, PVT module 1 and cold storage tank 3 can be connected in parallel, forming closed loops such as compressor 5 → heat exchanger 2 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → PVT module 1 → compressor 5 and compressor 5 → heat exchanger 2 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → cold storage tank 3 → compressor 5.

[0057] As a preferred example of this application, such as Figure 7The diagram shows a cold storage tank for storing cold and removing excess heat. The system also includes Mode 6, in which the second shut-off valve 17 connected in series with the PVT component 1 and the fourth shut-off valve 19 on the second flow path 25 are closed, and the first shut-off valve 16 on the third connecting branch 11 is opened. The heat exchanger 2 operates as a condenser. In Mode 6, the heat pump working fluid in the compressor 5 circulates sequentially along the second connecting branch 10, the first connecting branch 9, the first flow path 24, the third connecting branch 11, and the fourth connecting branch 26, forming a closed loop of compressor 5 → heat exchanger 2 → first electronic expansion valve 7 → cold storage tank 3 → compressor 5. In a preferred example of the combined heat and power system described in this application, to adapt to special operating scenarios where the photovoltaic system cannot operate, such as summer nights or rainy weather, and when the heat storage tank is saturated and can no longer serve as a heat recovery path, a dedicated operating mode for independent cold storage function—Mode Six—is proposed. This mode, through the reconfiguration of the refrigerant path and selective control of the status of key valves, allows the system to complete the cold storage task driven by the heat pump subsystem without relying on the operation of the PVT component 1 and the heat storage tank 4. Its structural features include: a heat removal path is formed by connecting the compressor 5 and the heat exchanger 2 through a second connecting branch 10. The heat exchanger 2 operates as a condenser to release the heat of the compressed working fluid, and its outlet is connected to... The first connecting branch 9 leads to the first electronic expansion valve 7. The depressurized refrigerant enters the fourth connecting branch 26, which is equipped with a cold storage tank 3, through the combination of the first flow path 24 and the third connecting branch 11. The cold energy is stored through the phase change heat of the working fluid and the hydrate. Finally, it flows back to the compressor to form a closed loop. In this mode, the second shut-off valve 17 and the fourth shut-off valve 19 are closed to block the flow of PVT and the second flow path 25. The first shut-off valve 16 is opened to ensure smooth flow path switching. The entire process is completed by releasing heat through the heat exchanger 2 and maintaining the continuous cold circulation of the refrigerant without the PVT component 1 and the heat storage tank 4 being started. This enables the system to still have the ability to output cold energy under specific conditions such as interruption of solar energy input and full load of heat storage.

[0058] This application introduces Mode 6, which enables the system to maintain efficient independent cold storage capacity even when solar energy is unavailable and the thermal storage tank 4 cannot absorb heat. This allows the system to have stable cold storage capacity during continuous rainy weather, at night, and during periods of thermal storage saturation. It is particularly suitable for practical applications such as pre-cooling buildings at night, prefabricated cold chain backup cold sources, or low-cost electric-driven cold storage at night under time-of-use electricity pricing strategies. This mode solves the problem of "cold cycle failure" in traditional heat pump systems under thermal storage saturation by switching the function of heat exchanger 2 and bypassing the path. At the same time, it can effectively avoid the phenomenon of PVT component 1 operating too cold or low-temperature loss.

[0059] As a preferred example of this application, the system, through the combination and switching of pipelines and shut-off valves on each heat exchange branch, enables the working fluid in the heat pump subsystem to form coupled heat exchange paths with the PVT component 1, cold storage tank 3, heat storage tank 4, and heat exchanger 2 under different operating modes, thereby achieving multiple closed paths including at least one of the following operating modes:

[0060] Mode 1: The working fluid of the heat pump subsystem passes sequentially through the heat storage tank 4 and the PVT component 1, and after evaporating and absorbing heat in the PVT component 1, it flows back to the compressor 5 for cooling the PVT component 1 and storing thermal energy.

[0061] Mode 2: PVT component 1 and cold storage tank 3 are connected in parallel. The working fluid is diverted by the first electronic expansion valve 7 and enters PVT component 1 and cold storage tank 3 respectively. After evaporation and heat absorption, it flows back to compressor 5 for cooling PVT component 1 and cold storage.

[0062] Mode 3: Close the flow path of PVT component 1. The heat pump working fluid enters the heat storage tank 4 and the cold storage tank 3 in sequence from the compressor 5 and then flows back to the compressor 5 for simultaneous storage of heat and cold energy.

[0063] Mode 4: The PVT component 1 and the heat exchanger 2 are connected in parallel. The working fluid of the heat pump subsystem passes through the heat storage tank 4 and is simultaneously evaporated and absorbed by the PVT component 1 and the heat exchanger 2 through the parallel path before flowing back to the compressor 5.

[0064] Mode 5: The heat exchanger 2 acts as a condenser to release heat to the outside. The heat pump working fluid is cooled by the heat exchanger 2 and flows to the parallel flow path of the PVT component 1 and the cold storage tank 3 to absorb heat and then return to the compressor 5.

[0065] Mode 6: When the heat storage tank 4 is fully loaded, the branch connecting to the heat storage tank 4 is closed. The heat pump working fluid is cooled by the heat exchanger 2 and then stored in the cold storage tank 3 before returning to the compressor 5.

[0066] The combined electric heating and cooling system disclosed in this application is based on the high integration of PVT component 1, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump heat exchange path. By arranging shut-off valves and expansion valves in each heat exchange branch to construct a flow path network with switching control function, the refrigerant in the system can flexibly switch between at least six closed paths as described above according to ambient temperature, light intensity, energy storage status, and load demand to adapt to different operating conditions. The heat exchange path includes a thermal storage path, a cold storage path, a photovoltaic cooling path, and an air heat source path, and combines single-loop and parallel structures to form a functional coupling relationship. In terms of structural layout, the thermal storage tank 4 is located at the outlet of compressor 5 and P... The inlet of VT component 1 / heat exchanger 2 is used for thermal energy buffering. PVT component 1 and heat exchanger 2 form an optional evaporation path. The cold storage tank 3 is placed at the end of the evaporation section as a cold energy absorption device. Each heat exchange unit is interconnected through the first to fourth flow paths and two electronic expansion valves and multiple shut-off valves to form a loop switching structure. By controlling the opening and closing states of different valves, the orderly switching of modes one to six is ​​achieved, enabling the system to have multiple operating capabilities such as PVT component heat recovery, refrigerant dual evaporation, condensation heat dissipation, photovoltaic cooling and cold and heat energy storage synergy, effectively supporting the all-weather operation requirements of multiple scenarios such as building energy supply, RV energy, and industrial comprehensive energy use.

[0067] As a preferred example of this application, the combined heat and power system of PVT, hydrate cold storage and heat pump further includes an energy storage module 13. The energy storage module 13 is electrically connected to the main power grid 12 and the user end through a first smart cabinet 14. The PVT component 1 is electrically connected to the energy storage module 13 and the first smart cabinet 14 through a second smart cabinet 15. In a preferred example of the combined heat and power system described in this application, to improve the system's independent operation capability at night, during rainy weather, or when the photovoltaic modules are temporarily unable to generate electricity, an energy storage module 13 is further integrated to form a multi-energy management mechanism. The energy storage module 13 is connected to the main power grid 12 and the user's power consumption terminal through a first intelligent cabinet 14 to realize bidirectional energy exchange control with the power grid. At the same time, the PVT module 1 is electrically connected to the energy storage module 13 and the first intelligent cabinet 14 through a second intelligent cabinet 15. The second intelligent cabinet 15 can collect the power output of the PVT module 1 and determine whether to directly supply power to the system or store it in the energy storage module 13 according to the load status. It can also supply the energy stored in the energy storage module 13 in reverse to the heat pump system at night or when the PVT module 1 is not working. The first intelligent cabinet 14 can also automatically call the grid power to charge the energy storage module 13 during off-peak electricity periods, forming an energy management closed loop of "photovoltaic power generation → local power consumption → surplus storage → off-peak replenishment → all-time guarantee".

[0068] The combined power, heat, and cooling system disclosed in this application, based on PVT modules, hydrated cold storage, and heat pump technology, achieves coordinated output and flexible conversion of electrical, thermal, and cooling energy on the same platform by systematically integrating three types of subsystems and constructing a multi-path switchable working fluid circulation structure. The system can efficiently complete photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal recovery during daytime when sunlight is abundant, and achieve temperature control efficiency through PVT modules 1. Simultaneously, it can efficiently store cold energy in the cold storage tank 3 using hydrated phase change materials for release at night or during peak cooling periods. The heat pump subsystem can dynamically determine the working fluid flow direction and heat exchange path by adjusting the states of the shut-off valve and expansion valve in different operating modes, allowing the system to switch to the optimal operating mode according to environmental conditions and load demand. Parallel switching between the PVT and cold storage modules enables synchronous cooling and cold storage. In low-irradiance environments, combined with air source heat exchange and supplementary heating functions, it ensures continuous heat output. At night and during peak cooling periods... During off-peak hours, the system can operate in pure thermal and cold storage mode by shutting down some branch circuits to reduce energy consumption and minimize peak electricity usage. Under high temperature and strong sunlight conditions, the system can switch to a condensation and heat dissipation path to actively release excess heat into the air to maintain compressor cycle stability and system temperature balance. The system is also equipped with an intelligent energy storage module that can collect and store excess photovoltaic power during the day and provide power for the heat pump at night or during low sunlight periods, ensuring a complete energy cycle. The system has a compact structure, highly integrated functions, strong adaptability, scalability, and high energy efficiency management capabilities. It demonstrates good operational stability and dynamic load response capabilities in the face of fluctuating solar energy supply scenarios. It can be widely applied to diverse energy consumption scenarios such as building energy supply, mobile homes, and new energy storage terminals, effectively improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy and the proportion of clean energy substitution, and providing technical support and application foundation for achieving green and low-carbon transformation.

[0069] This application constructs a hydrate cold storage subsystem, effectively utilizing the high latent heat (200-500 kJ / kg) and high phase change temperature (0-15℃) of hydrates to store cold energy, achieving system operation safety, flexibility, and stability, and overcoming the problems of fluctuation and seasonal variation in solar energy supply in traditional systems. Based on a variable frequency direct expansion refrigeration / heat pump subsystem, it innovatively solves the problem of diverse needs such as cooling supply, photovoltaic panel cooling, and user heating in the cold storage subsystem. It can not only meet users' needs for electricity, heat, and cooling, but also solve the problems of instability and uncertainty in the spatiotemporal distribution of solar energy, as well as the unevenness and uncertainty of multiple loads on the user side.

[0070] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A combined heat and power system (CHP) integrating PVT, hydrate cold storage, and a heat pump, characterized in that, include: The PVT subsystem includes at least one PVT module (1) for generating photovoltaic power and absorbing solar heat; A hydrate cold storage subsystem, comprising a cold storage tank (3) and hydrates filled therein, for storing and releasing cold energy through a phase change process; The heat pump subsystem is connected to the PVT subsystem and the hydrate cold storage subsystem through the working fluid circulation path. The heat pump subsystem includes a compressor (5), an expansion valve, a heat exchanger (2), a heat storage tank (4) and multiple shut-off valves, forming a switchable multi-mode cooling, heating and heat exchange path. The outlet of the heat storage tank (4) is connected to the inlet of at least one expansion valve via a pipeline. The outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the inlet of the PVT assembly (1), the cold storage tank (3), and the heat exchanger (2), respectively. The outlets of the PVT assembly (1), the cold storage tank (3), and the heat exchanger (2) are connected back to the inlet of the compressor (5) via pipelines.

2. The combined heat and power system (CHP) of claim 1, which couples PVT, hydrate cold storage, and a heat pump, is characterized in that, The system is equipped with multiple heat exchange branches and corresponding shut-off valves, so that the working fluid in the heat pump subsystem can form multiple heat exchange loops with the PVT component (1), cold storage tank (3), heat storage tank (4) and heat exchanger (2) through pipeline switching under different operating modes, so that the system can output electrical energy, heat energy and cold energy at the same time.

3. The combined heat and power system (CHP) of claim 2, which couples PVT, hydrate cold storage, and a heat pump, is characterized in that... A first flow path (24) is provided between the heat storage tank (4) and the PVT assembly (1), a first electronic expansion valve (7) is provided on the first flow path (24), a second flow path (25) is provided between the PVT assembly (1) and the compressor (5), and a third flow path (27) is provided between the compressor (5) and the heat storage tank (4).

4. The combined heat and power system for PVT, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump according to claim 3, characterized in that, A third connecting branch (11) is connected in parallel at both ends of the inlet and outlet of the PVT component (1), and a fourth connecting branch (26) is provided between the PVT component (1) and the compressor (5). The cold storage tank (3) is provided on the fourth connecting branch (26), and a shut-off valve is provided on the third connecting branch (11) and the fourth connecting branch (26).

5. A combined heat and power system for PVT, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump according to claim 4, characterized in that, A first shut-off valve (16) is provided on the third connecting branch (11), a second shut-off valve (17) is provided on the first flow path (24) on the inlet side of the PVT component (1), a fourth shut-off valve (19) is provided on the second flow path (25), a third shut-off valve (18) is provided on the inlet side of the fourth connecting branch (26), and a fifth shut-off valve (20) is provided on the outlet side of the fourth connecting branch (26).

6. A combined heat and power system for PVT, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first connecting branch (9) is provided between the outlet end of the heat storage tank (4) and the inlet end of the compressor (5). The heat exchanger (2) is provided on the first connecting branch (9). A second electronic expansion valve (8) is provided on the inlet side of the heat exchanger (2) to connect with the first flow path (24). The outlet side of the heat exchanger (2) is connected with the second flow path (25) through an eighth shut-off valve (23).

7. A combined heat and power system for PVT, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump according to claim 6, characterized in that, A second connecting branch (10) is provided between the outlet of the heat exchanger (2) and the outlet of the compressor (5). A seventh shut-off valve (22) is provided on the third flow path (27) between the compressor (5) and the heat storage tank (4). A sixth shut-off valve (21) is provided on the second connecting branch (10).

8. A combined heat and power system for PVT, hydrate cold storage, and heat pump according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The device includes an energy storage module (13), which is electrically connected to the main power grid (12) and the user terminal through a first smart cabinet (14). The PVT component (1) is electrically connected to the energy storage module (13) and the first smart cabinet (14) through a second smart cabinet (15).

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