Rubber pad with temperature-sensitive memory alloy framework

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of new energy automobile battery protection, in particular to a rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive memory alloy framework, which comprises an insulating layer, a rubber main body layer, a heat conducting layer and a wear-resistant fireproof layer which are arranged in sequence, a grid-shaped alloy framework layer which is vertically arranged is embedded in the rubber main body layer, the alloy framework layer is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the temperature-sensitive memory alloy framework is arranged in the heat conducting layer. Comprising two framework bodies which are arranged in parallel, each framework body is of a grid structure formed by connecting a plurality of framework rods, and a filling layer is arranged in grid holes of each framework body. By arranging a multi-layer composite structure, the temperature response type self-adaptive buffering and supporting functions are achieved. The rubber main body layer provides basic elastic buffering; the heat conduction layer quickly leads out battery heat; and the wear-resistant fireproof layer resists external friction and high-temperature flames. The vertical latticed nickel-titanium alloy framework layer is subjected to martensite-austenite phase transformation, so that the flexibility is kept at low temperature to absorb vibration, and the rigidity is enhanced at high temperature to limit the excessive expansion of the battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy vehicle battery protection technology, specifically a rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive memory alloy skeleton. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, the safety, stability, and durability of power battery systems, as core components of vehicles, have received high attention. In practical applications, battery packs face complex operating environments: bumps and vibrations during vehicle operation can easily cause the internal structure of the battery to loosen or even be damaged; if the large amount of heat generated during battery charging and discharging cannot be dissipated in time, it can lead to safety hazards such as thermal runaway; in addition, battery packs must have reliable insulation performance to prevent leakage, and must also have a certain degree of fire and explosion resistance to cope with extreme situations.

[0003] Currently, while traditional rubber shock absorbers can provide some cushioning, they have significant drawbacks: First, their cushioning performance does not change with temperature. In low-temperature environments, the rubber hardens, significantly reducing its shock absorption effect, while in high-temperature environments, it easily softens and deforms, failing to provide stable protection for the battery pack. Second, traditional rubber pads have poor thermal conductivity, making it difficult to meet the battery pack's need for efficient heat dissipation, resulting in the battery being in a high-temperature state for a long time, accelerating aging. Third, existing rubber pads have limited protective functions and lack integrated insulation, wear resistance, and fireproof design. When a vehicle encounters a collision, friction, or battery thermal runaway, they cannot effectively resist external impacts and the spread of flames, posing a significant safety risk.

[0004] In view of this, we propose a rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive memory alloy skeleton.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is:

[0007] The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton comprises, in sequence, an insulating layer, a rubber body layer, a thermally conductive layer, and a wear-resistant and fire-resistant layer. The rubber body layer contains a vertically arranged, grid-like alloy skeleton layer made of nickel-titanium alloy. This skeleton layer includes two parallel skeleton bodies, each consisting of a grid structure formed by interconnected struts. A filling layer, made of graphene-modified rubber material, is placed within the grid holes of each skeleton body. Connecting rods are fixedly installed at the four corners between the two skeleton bodies. This multi-layered composite structure achieves temperature-responsive adaptive buffering and support. The insulating layer isolates the battery pack from external circuits to prevent leakage; the rubber body layer provides basic elastic buffering; the thermally conductive layer quickly dissipates battery heat; and the wear-resistant and fire-resistant layer resists external friction and high-temperature flames. The vertically grid-like nickel-titanium alloy skeleton layer, through a martensitic-austenitic phase transformation, maintains flexibility at low temperatures to absorb vibrations and enhances rigidity at high temperatures to limit excessive battery expansion. The double-layer skeleton body and the four corner connecting rods form a three-dimensional frame, which significantly improves the structural stability, and the graphene filling layer further enhances the thermal conductivity and tear resistance.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the wear-resistant and fireproof layer is a ceramic particle coating, which contains a uniformly distributed intumescent fire retardant, including aluminum hydroxide and ammonium phosphate. The ceramic particle coating enhances the surface hardness of the rubber pad, resisting frictional wear during battery module installation / removal. The intumescent fire retardant decomposes and expands at high temperatures, forming a porous heat-insulating layer that effectively slows flame spread and heat transfer.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the thermally conductive layer and the alloy skeleton layer are connected by multiple thermally conductive sheets. These sheets are made of copper-based shape memory alloy, with one end embedded in the grid nodes of the alloy skeleton layer and the other end welded to the thermally conductive layer. The copper-based shape memory alloy thermally conductive sheets create an efficient heat conduction path from the alloy skeleton to the thermally conductive layer, accelerating heat dissipation from the battery.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the mesh structure of the alloy skeleton layer is square or rhomboid, and the struts of the mesh structure form continuous triangular support units. This gives the alloy skeleton isotropic mechanical properties.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the bottom surface of the insulating layer is provided with a raised sealing lip, which is continuously arranged along the edge of the rubber gasket, and the cross-section of the sealing lip is trapezoidal or semi-circular. The trapezoidal or semi-circular sealing lip continuously arranged along the edge of the rubber gasket forms a double sealing barrier between the battery box and the rubber gasket.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the diameter of the bristles near the outer edge of the skeleton body is larger than that near the center of the skeleton body. By designing the bristle diameter in a gradient manner (thicker at the edges and thinner at the center), the alloy skeleton has higher strength in the edge region to resist external impacts and friction; while the central region maintains appropriate flexibility to better adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the battery pack. This non-uniform structure optimizes stress distribution, improving overall deformation resistance while achieving lightweight design.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the aperture of the mesh structure near the edge of the skeleton body is larger than the aperture near the inner side of the skeleton body. The mesh design with large apertures at the edges and small apertures on the inner side makes the edge area of ​​the alloy skeleton more flexible, which can effectively buffer the assembly stress between the battery box and the rubber pad; the small aperture structure on the inner side provides a higher density of support points, precisely limiting the minute displacement of the battery module and preventing collisions between modules or loosening of electrodes.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, a buffer layer is provided between the two skeleton bodies within the alloy skeleton layer. The buffer layer between the double-layer skeleton further absorbs high-frequency vibrations, preventing abnormal noises or fatigue fractures caused by direct collisions between the double-layer skeletons.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention achieves temperature-responsive adaptive buffering and support functions through a multi-layered composite structure. The rubber main body layer provides basic elastic buffering; the thermally conductive layer rapidly dissipates battery heat; and the wear-resistant and fire-retardant layer resists external friction and high-temperature flames. The vertically grid-like nickel-titanium alloy skeleton layer, through a martensitic-austenitic phase transformation, maintains flexibility at low temperatures to absorb vibrations and enhances rigidity at high temperatures to limit excessive battery expansion. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 In this utility model Figure 1 Internal structure diagram;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the skeleton body in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 In this utility model Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0021] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:

[0022] 1. Rubber main body layer; 2. Wear-resistant and fireproof layer; 3. Thermally conductive layer; 4. Insulating layer; 5. Alloy skeleton layer; 50. Connecting rod; 51. Skeleton body; 52. Filling layer; 53. Rib; 6. Thermally conductive sheet; 7. Buffer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0025] The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton includes an insulating layer 4, a rubber body layer 1, a thermally conductive layer 3, and a wear-resistant and fire-resistant layer 2 arranged sequentially. The rubber body layer 1 contains a vertically arranged, grid-like alloy skeleton layer 5, made of nickel-titanium alloy. The alloy skeleton layer 5 includes two parallel skeleton bodies 51, each consisting of multiple interconnected struts 53 forming a grid structure. A filling layer 52, made of graphene-modified rubber material, is placed within the grid holes of the skeleton bodies 51. Connecting rods 50 are fixedly installed at the four corners between the two skeleton bodies 51. This multi-layered composite structure achieves temperature-responsive adaptive buffering and support. The insulating layer 4 isolates the battery pack from external circuits to prevent leakage; the rubber body layer 1 provides basic elastic buffering; the thermally conductive layer 3 quickly dissipates battery heat; and the wear-resistant and fire-resistant layer 2 resists external friction and high-temperature flames. The vertically grid-like nickel-titanium alloy skeleton layer 5, through a martensitic-austenitic phase transformation, maintains flexibility at low temperatures to absorb vibrations and enhances rigidity at high temperatures to limit excessive battery expansion. The double-layer skeleton body 51 and the four corner connecting rods 50 form a three-dimensional frame, which significantly improves the structural stability. The graphene filling layer 52 further enhances the thermal conductivity and tear resistance.

[0026] In this preferred embodiment, the wear-resistant and fire-retardant layer 2 is a ceramic particle coating. This coating contains uniformly distributed intumescent fire retardants, including aluminum hydroxide and ammonium phosphate. The ceramic particle coating enhances the surface hardness of the rubber pad, resisting frictional wear during battery module installation / removal. The intumescent fire retardant decomposes and expands at high temperatures, forming a porous heat-insulating layer that effectively slows flame spread and heat transfer.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the thermally conductive layer 3 and the alloy skeleton layer 5 are connected by multiple thermally conductive sheets 6. The thermally conductive sheets 6 are made of copper-based shape memory alloy, with one end of the thermally conductive sheet 6 embedded in the grid node of the alloy skeleton layer 5 and the other end welded and fixed to the thermally conductive layer 3. The copper-based shape memory alloy thermally conductive sheets 6 form an efficient heat conduction path from the alloy skeleton to the thermally conductive layer 3, accelerating the dissipation of battery heat.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the mesh structure of the alloy skeleton layer 5 is square or rhomboid, and the struts 53 of the mesh structure form continuous triangular support units. This gives the alloy skeleton isotropic mechanical properties.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom surface of the insulating layer 4 is provided with a raised sealing lip, which is continuously provided along the edge of the rubber pad, and the cross-section of the sealing lip is trapezoidal or semi-circular. The trapezoidal or semi-circular sealing lip is continuously provided along the edge of the rubber pad, forming a double sealing barrier between the battery box and the rubber pad.

[0030] In this preferred embodiment, the diameter of the bristle 53 near the outer edge of the skeleton body 51 is larger than the diameter of the bristle 53 near the center of the skeleton body 51. By designing the diameter of the bristle 53 in a gradient manner (thicker at the edges and thinner at the center), the alloy skeleton has higher strength in the edge region to resist external impacts and friction; the central region maintains appropriate flexibility to better adapt to the thermal expansion and contraction of the battery pack. This non-uniform structure optimizes stress distribution and improves overall deformation resistance while reducing weight.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the aperture of the mesh structure near the edge of the frame body 51 is larger than the aperture near the inner side of the frame body 51. The mesh design with large apertures at the edges and small apertures on the inner side makes the edge area of ​​the alloy frame more flexible, effectively buffering the assembly stress between the battery box and the rubber pad; the small aperture structure on the inner side provides a higher density of support points, precisely limiting the minute displacement of the battery module and preventing collisions between modules or loosening of electrodes.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, a buffer layer 7 is provided between the two skeleton bodies 51 within the alloy skeleton layer 5. The buffer layer 7 between the double skeletons further absorbs high-frequency vibrations, preventing the double skeletons from colliding directly and causing abnormal noises or fatigue fractures.

[0033] When using the rubber pad with the temperature-sensitive memory alloy skeleton of this utility model:

[0034] Regarding temperature change response, when the battery pack's operating temperature is below the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium alloy skeleton layer 5, the alloy skeleton is in a martensitic state, exhibiting a soft texture. Combined with the rubber body layer 1, it provides excellent elastic cushioning, effectively absorbing vibrations generated during vehicle operation. When the battery pack experiences charging / discharging or an increase in ambient temperature exceeding the phase transition temperature, the alloy skeleton transforms into an austenitic state, significantly increasing its hardness and stiffness. This limits excessive deformation caused by thermal expansion, preventing battery damage from compression. Simultaneously, the copper-based shape memory alloy heat-conducting sheet 6 expands due to temperature increases, bonding more tightly with the heat-conducting layer 3, further accelerating the conduction of battery heat to the heat-conducting layer 3 and assisting in battery heat dissipation.

[0035] In terms of mechanical performance, the square or rhomboid mesh structure of the alloy skeleton layer 5 forms continuous triangular support units, ensuring that the rubber pad has uniform mechanical properties in all directions and can evenly distribute impact forces from different directions. The design of the skeleton rod 53, which is thick at the edges and thin at the center, and the mesh structure with large apertures at the edges and small apertures on the inside, give the rubber pad stronger impact resistance at the edges, enabling it to withstand the compression of the battery box edges; while the central area maintains appropriate flexibility to adapt to the deformation requirements of the battery pack's thermal expansion and contraction. The buffer layer 7 between the two skeleton bodies 51 can further absorb high-frequency vibrations, prevent direct collision between the two skeletons, and extend the service life of the rubber pad.

[0036] In terms of protective functions, the insulation layer 4 isolates the battery pack from external circuits to prevent leakage and ensure electrical safety; the ceramic particle coating of the wear-resistant and fireproof layer 2 enhances surface hardness and reduces frictional wear during battery module installation and disassembly; the intumescent fire retardant in it decomposes and expands at high temperatures to form a heat insulation layer and slow down the spread of flames; the trapezoidal or semi-circular sealing lip on the bottom surface of the insulation layer 4 creates a double sealing barrier between the battery box and the rubber gasket to prevent dust, moisture, electrolyte intrusion or coolant leakage, creating a safe and stable working environment for the battery pack.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton, characterized in that: The material includes an insulating layer (4), a rubber body layer (1), a heat-conducting layer (3), and a wear-resistant and fireproof layer (2) arranged in sequence. The rubber body layer (1) has a vertically arranged and grid-shaped alloy skeleton layer (5) embedded in it. The alloy skeleton layer (5) is made of nickel-titanium alloy and includes two parallel skeleton bodies (51). The skeleton body (51) is formed by multiple skeleton rods (53) connected to each other to form a grid structure. The grid holes of the skeleton body (51) are filled with a filling layer (52). The filling layer (52) is a graphene-modified rubber material. Connecting rods (50) are fixedly installed at the four corners between the two skeleton bodies (51).

2. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant and fireproof layer (2) is a ceramic particle coating, which contains a uniformly distributed intumescent fire retardant, including aluminum hydroxide and ammonium phosphate.

3. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The heat-conducting layer (3) and the alloy skeleton layer (5) are connected by multiple heat-conducting sheets (6). The heat-conducting sheets (6) are made of copper-based shape memory alloy, and one end of the heat-conducting sheet (6) is embedded in the grid node of the alloy skeleton layer (5), while the other end is welded and fixed to the heat-conducting layer (3).

4. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The grid structure of the alloy skeleton layer (5) is square or rhomboid, and the skeletons (53) of the grid structure form continuous triangular support units.

5. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the insulating layer (4) is provided with a raised sealing lip, which is continuously provided along the edge of the rubber pad, and the cross-section of the sealing lip is trapezoidal or semi-circular.

6. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the bony rod (53) near the outer edge of the skeleton body (51) is larger than the diameter of the bony rod (53) near the center of the skeleton body (51).

7. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The aperture of the mesh structure in the skeleton body (51) near the edge of the skeleton body (51) is larger than the aperture near the inside of the skeleton body (51).

8. The rubber pad with a temperature-sensitive shape memory alloy skeleton as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A buffer layer (7) is provided between the two skeleton bodies (51) within the alloy skeleton layer (5).

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