Straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials

Abstract

A straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials comprises a sterilization bin body and a material spraying device. A feeding hole and a discharging hole are respectively formed in the upper side and the lower side of the sterilization bin; a discharge bottom plate capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the discharge hole; the spraying device comprises a storage box, a lifting mechanism, a guide pipe and a spray head; the material storage box is arranged on the outer side of the sterilization bin, is used for storing a sterilization fungicide and is communicated with the spray head through a guide pipe; the lifting mechanism is arranged on the inner side wall of the sterilization bin, and the spray head is arranged on the lifting mechanism and is driven by the lifting mechanism to move up and down. The problem that in a traditional fungicide spraying mode, only a surface layer is covered, and consequently fungicide and straw are not fully mixed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of organic fertilizer production equipment, and more specifically, to a straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials. Background Technology

[0002] Adding composting microbial agents (such as Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma) to organic fertilizer production is a highly efficient and environmentally friendly sterilization method. It can accelerate the decomposition of straw and inhibit the reproduction of pathogens through microbial competition and metabolic products. However, fixed spraying devices result in the microbial agent only covering the surface layer, preventing the formation of an effective competitive environment for microbial communities in the deeper layers of material. This affects the colonization rate of Bacillus subtilis and the diffusion of the antimicrobial metabolites of Trichoderma. Furthermore, single-application results in insufficient mixing of the microbial agent with the straw. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a straw sterilization chamber for the pretreatment of raw materials for organic fertilizer fermentation, which solves the problem of insufficient mixing of the inoculant and straw caused by the traditional method of spraying inoculant, which only covers the surface.

[0004] The embodiments of this utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A straw sterilization chamber for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials, comprising:

[0006] The sterilization chamber is hollow inside, with an inlet and an outlet on the top and bottom sides respectively; the outlet is equipped with an openable and closable outlet bottom plate;

[0007] The spraying device includes a storage tank, a lifting mechanism, a conduit, and a spray head; the storage tank is located outside the sterilization chamber and is used to store sterilizing agents, and is connected to the spray head through the conduit; the lifting mechanism is located on the inner wall of the sterilization chamber, and the spray head is located on the lifting mechanism, which drives the spray head to move up and down.

[0008] The lifting mechanism includes a slide rail, a slider, a pipeline box, and a drive unit; the slide rail is vertically mounted on the inner wall of the sterilization chamber; the slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail; the nozzle is mounted on the slider and moves with the slider; one end of the conduit near the nozzle is mounted on the slider, and the other end extends into the pipeline box from one side and extends out from the other end to connect to the storage box; the pipeline box is driven by the drive unit to house the conduit and drive the slider to move along the slide rail; both the pipeline box and the drive unit are located at the top of the sterilization chamber.

[0009] The drive unit includes a motor and a drive shaft; the drive shaft is connected to the pipeline box; the motor is connected to the drive shaft and drives the drive shaft to rotate.

[0010] The sterilization chamber is also equipped with an installation ring, which is connected to the slider and moves along the slide rail with the slider; the outer wall of the installation ring is in contact with the inner wall of the sterilization chamber.

[0011] The bottom of the mounting ring is equipped with a scraper that slides horizontally.

[0012] It also includes a feeding box, which is located at the top of the sterilization chamber and connected to the inlet; the feeding box includes a temporary storage box and a distribution box; the top of the distribution box is connected to the temporary storage box and the bottom is connected to the sterilization chamber; the distribution box is equipped with a distribution wheel that rotates inside.

[0013] The distribution wheel includes a rotating shaft driven by a motor and several partitions; the partitions are arranged around the rotating shaft; the partitions are in contact with the side wall of the distribution box.

[0014] The drive unit further includes a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt; the first synchronous pulley is mounted on the drive shaft; one end of the shaft passes through the side wall of the distribution box and is connected to the second synchronous pulley; the two sides of the synchronous belt are respectively wound around the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley; when the drive shaft is driven to rotate by the motor, the first synchronous pulley rotates and drives the second synchronous pulley to rotate, thereby causing the shaft to rotate.

[0015] The technical solution of this utility model embodiment has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This utility model discloses a straw sterilization chamber for the pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials. The lifting mechanism drives the spray head to move up and down, rising synchronously with the height of the material stack. This allows the microbial agent to be sprayed layer by layer during the multi-layer stacking of straw materials, ensuring that materials at different heights are in sufficient contact with the microbial agent. This avoids the spraying blind spots of traditional fixed spray heads, maximizes the contact area between the microbial agent and the straw, and improves the sterilization effect. When the spray head is too far away from the material, the microbial agent is prone to scattering onto the inner wall of the sterilization chamber or floating in the air, causing the microbial agent to fail to act on the material in time and resulting in unnecessary waste. Therefore, the spray head needs to move synchronously with the layer-by-layer stacking of straw materials.

[0017] 2. The present invention relates to a straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials. The outer wall of the mounting ring is fitted with the inner wall of the sterilization bin. As the slider moves up and down, it can scrape off the straw debris adhering to the inner wall. The bin wall is cleaned simultaneously during discharge, reducing the contamination of subsequent batches by residual materials and reducing labor maintenance costs.

[0018] 3. This utility model discloses a straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials. The feeding box's distribution wheel is driven by a motor, and the material is divided into multiple chambers by partitions, enabling batch and quantitative feeding of materials. Microbial agents are sprayed during the rotation gaps of the distribution wheel (i.e., when material feeding is paused), forming a cyclical operation mode of "feeding one layer of material - spraying one layer of microbial agent," ensuring that the microbial agent mixes with the material layer by layer, avoiding the problem of uneven distribution of microbial agents caused by single-batch feeding.

[0019] 4. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials of this utility model uses a scraper at the bottom of the installation ring to horizontally slide and level the top surface of the material, eliminating the height difference of the stack, providing a flat base for uniform spraying of the microbial agent, ensuring that the microbial agent sprayed from the nozzle is evenly covered, and further improving the uniformity of sterilization. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 It is attached Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an internal sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is attached Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on one side of the cable reel inside the cable box;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure on the other side of the cable reel inside the cable box;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the inside of the winding reel.

[0027] In the diagram, 1-sterilization chamber, 101-feed inlet, 102-discharge base plate, 103-slide rail, 104-slider, 105-mounting ring, 106-lead screw, 107-moving seat, 108-scraper, 109-hydraulic rod, 2-feeding box, 201-temporary storage box, 202-distribution box, 203-rotating shaft, 204-partition, 301-motor, 302-first gear, 303-second gear, 304-drive shaft, 305-first synchronous pulley, 306-second synchronous pulley, 307-synchronous belt, 401-storage box, 402-first conduit, 403-pump, 404-pipeline box, 4041-winding reel, 4042-placement trough, 4043-transfer connector, 405-second conduit, 406-guide wheel, 407-nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, a straw sterilization chamber 1 for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials includes a sterilization chamber 1 and a spraying device; the sterilization chamber 1 is hollow inside, preferably rectangular, and has an inlet 101 and an outlet on the upper and lower sides, respectively, for feeding materials into the sterilization chamber 1 and discharging materials from the sterilization chamber 1; the outlet is provided with an openable and closable discharge bottom plate 102, which prevents material leakage and performs the sterilization step when the bottom plate is closed, and can be opened to discharge materials after sterilization is completed;

[0031] The spraying device includes a storage tank 401, a lifting mechanism, a conduit, and a spray head 407. The storage tank 401 is located outside the sterilization chamber 1 and is used to store sterilizing agents. It is connected to the spray head 407 through a conduit. The lifting mechanism is located on the inner wall of the sterilization chamber 1, and the spray head 407 is located on the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the spray head 407 to move up and down. When materials are put into the sterilization chamber 1, the spray head 407 can spray the agents onto the materials. The spray head 407 can rise layer by layer as materials are put into the chamber, and rise with the lifting mechanism to ensure that the agents are always sprayed onto the materials.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, there is a pair of discharge base plates 102, which are rotatably disposed on the two sides of the discharge port; a hydraulic rod is also provided on the side wall of the sterilization chamber, with its driving end rotatably connected to the side wall of the sterilization chamber and its movable end rotatably connected to one side edge of the discharge base plate; the extension and retraction of the hydraulic rod are used to control the discharge base plate to rotate around its rotatable connection, thereby causing the discharge base plate to open and close.

[0033] like Figure 2 and 3As shown, in one embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a slide rail 103, a slider 104, a pipeline box 404, and a drive unit; the slide rail 103 is vertically mounted on the inner wall of the sterilization chamber 1, and the slider 104 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 103; the nozzle 407 is mounted on the slider 104 and can move up and down along the slide rail 103 inside the sterilization chamber 1 together with the slider 104; one end of the conduit near the nozzle 407 is connected to the slider 104, and the other end extends into the pipeline box 404 from one side and extends out from the other end and is connected to the storage box 401; and a pump is provided at the connection between the storage box 401 and the conduit, for... The bacterial agent in the storage tank 401 is pumped to the nozzle through a conduit; the pipeline box 404 is driven by the drive unit to house the conduit, and through the connection between the conduit and the slider 104, the contraction of the conduit can drive the slider 104 to move along the slide rail 103; it should be noted that the conduit is preferably a metal braided flexible hose, which has good tensile and bending strength. When the conduit enters the pipeline box and is wound, its internal channel only deforms slightly and will not affect the passage of the bacterial agent. It can be used to contract the conduit in the pipeline box 404, thereby raising the slider; the pipeline box 404 and the drive unit are both located at the top of the sterilization chamber 1;

[0034] Specifically, the lifting mechanism has two sets, one on each side of the sterilization chamber 1, and the nozzles and conduits also have two sets, connected in the same way as described above. This allows the nozzles on both sides to be mounted on the sliders of the two lifting mechanisms, enabling the bacterial agent to be sprayed from the nozzles 407 on both sides for more comprehensive coverage. The drive unit is also connected to the pipeline boxes on both sides to synchronously control the contraction of the conduits on both sides, thus allowing the nozzles on both sides to rise or fall synchronously. The feed inlet 101 at the top of the sterilization chamber 1 has sliding holes on both sides for the conduit to pass through. A guide wheel 406 is provided on one side of the sliding hole. After the conduit passes through the sliding hole, it is wrapped around the guide wheel 406 and then extends into the pipeline box 404. The guide wheel 406 is used to guide and position the conduit to prevent bending and affect the flow of the bacterial agent.

[0035] More specifically, the pipeline box 404 is hollow inside, with openings on both side walls for conduits to pass through. Inside, there is a winding reel 4041 and a transfer connector 4043. One side of the winding reel 4041 is connected to a drive unit, which drives the winding reel 4041 to rotate. The other side of the winding reel 4041 has a placement groove 4042 in the middle, where the transfer connector 4043 is located. It should be noted that the transfer connector 4043 is existing technology; its two sides are used to connect pipelines, and the two sides of the transfer connector 4043 can rotate relative to each other without affecting the connection between the pipelines. This transfer connector 4043 is a commonly used adapter device by those skilled in the art and is not an improvement in this embodiment; therefore, it will not be described in detail here. The side wall of the placement groove 4042 has a connecting... The conduit has a through hole in the wire groove; the conduit includes a first conduit 402 and a second conduit 405; one end of the first conduit 402 is connected to the nozzle 407, and the other end passes through the opening on the side wall of the pipeline box 404, is wound around the wire groove of the winding reel 4041, and passes through the through hole to connect to one side of the transfer connector 4043; one end of the second conduit 405 is connected to the other side of the transfer connector 4043, and the other end passes through the opening on the other side wall of the pipeline box 404 and is connected to the storage box 401; so that the first conduit 402 can be retracted and extended with the rotation of the winding reel 4041 without affecting the second conduit 405; when the first conduit 402 is retracted and extended with the rotation of the winding reel 4041, it can drive the slider 104 to move, thereby changing the height of the nozzle 407 in the sterilization chamber 1.

[0036] like Figure 3 and 4 As shown, in one embodiment, the sterilization chamber 1 is also provided with a square mounting ring 105 and connected to the slider 104, which can move along the slide rail 103 with the slider 104; the outer side wall of the mounting ring 105 is in contact with the inner side wall of the sterilization chamber 1, and when it moves up and down with the slider 104, it can scrape off the straw debris adhering to the inner wall.

[0037] Specifically, the top surface of the mounting ring 105 is an inclined surface facing the middle of the sterilization chamber 1, which makes it easy for materials falling on the top surface of the mounting ring 105 to slide down with the inclined surface, reducing the accumulation of materials;

[0038] In one embodiment, a scraper 108 is horizontally slidable at the bottom of the mounting ring 105. When the scraper 108 slides horizontally, it is used to level the top surface of the material and eliminate the stacking height difference.

[0039] Specifically, the bottom of the mounting ring 105 is provided with a pair of lead screws 106 driven by motors 301 and movable seats 107; the pair of lead screws 106 are respectively horizontally arranged on both sides of the bottom of the mounting ring 105; and the pair of movable seats 107 are respectively slidably arranged on the lead screws 106 on both sides, and the motors 301 of the lead screws 106 on both sides are electrically connected to the controller, so that the motors 301 of the lead screws 106 on both sides can work synchronously through the controller; it should be noted that the controller is existing technology, used to synchronously control the operation of the motors 301, which is a control method commonly used by those skilled in the art, and is not an improvement of this embodiment, so it will not be described in detail here; so that when the lead screws 106 rotate, they can drive the movable seats 107 on both sides to move synchronously; the two sides of the scraper 108 are respectively connected to the movable seats 107 on both sides, and when it moves, it is used to level the top surface of the material;

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, a feeding box 2 is also included, which is located at the top of the sterilization chamber 1 and communicates with the inlet 101; the feeding box 2 includes a temporary storage box 201 and a distribution box 202; the top of the distribution box 202 is communicated with the temporary storage box 201, and the bottom is communicated with the sterilization chamber 1; the distribution box 202 is equipped with a distribution wheel that rotates inside; the temporary storage box 201 is used to temporarily store materials, and then the materials are fed in batches through the distribution box 202;

[0041] Specifically, the distribution wheel includes a rotating shaft 203 driven by a motor 301 and several partitions 204; the partitions 204 are arranged around the rotating shaft 203; the partitions 204 are in contact with the side wall of the distribution box 202, so that multiple chambers are formed between adjacent partitions 204 and the side wall of the distribution box 202; when the rotating shaft 203 rotates, the multiple chambers containing materials pass through the connection between the bottom of the distribution box 202 and the sterilization chamber 1 in sequence, so as to realize the batch quantitative dispensing of materials.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, in one embodiment, the drive unit includes a motor 301, a first gear 302, a second gear 303, a drive shaft 304, a first synchronous pulley 305, a second synchronous pulley 306, and a synchronous belt 307. The two ends of the drive shaft 304 are respectively connected to winding pulleys 4041 inside the two side cable boxes 404. When the drive shaft 304 rotates, it can simultaneously drive the two side winding pulleys 4041 to rotate. A bushing is provided in the middle of the drive shaft 304 and installed on the top of the sterilization chamber 1 to support the drive shaft 304 and enhance its stability. The motor 301 is located on one side of the drive shaft 304, and the first gear 302 is connected to its shaft. The second gear 303 is located on the drive shaft 304. The first gear 302 is driven to rotate by the motor 301, and the second gear 303 rotates through the meshing, thereby driving the drive shaft 304 to rotate; the first synchronous pulley 305 is disposed on the drive shaft 304; one end of the rotating shaft 203 in the distribution box 202 passes through the side wall of the distribution box 202 and is connected to the second synchronous pulley 306; the two sides of the synchronous belt 307 are respectively wrapped around the first synchronous pulley 305 and the second synchronous pulley 306, so that when the first synchronous pulley 305 rotates with the drive shaft 304, the synchronous belt 307 drives the second synchronous pulley 306 to rotate, thereby causing the partition 204 in the distribution box 202 to rotate;

[0043] When the drive shaft 304 rotates, the partition 204 inside the distribution box 202 rotates to deliver materials. At the same time, the nozzle 407 moves upward with the slider 104, realizing the synchronous linkage of the two mechanisms and forming a cyclic operation mode of "delivering one layer of materials - spraying one layer of bacterial agent".

[0044] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] This utility model discloses a straw sterilization chamber 1 for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials. First, the discharge bottom plate 102 of the sterilization chamber 1 is closed. Then, the material is poured into the temporary storage box 201. Subsequently, the motor 301 drives the drive shaft 304 to rotate. The partition 204 in the distribution box 202 rotates to allow the material to be dispensed. At the same time, the nozzle 407 moves upward with the slider 104 and sprays the microbial agent. After the spraying is completed, wait for the sterilization reaction. After sterilization is completed, open the bottom plate to discharge the material.

[0046] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials, characterized in that, include: The sterilization chamber is hollow inside, with an inlet and an outlet on the top and bottom sides respectively; the outlet is equipped with an openable and closable outlet bottom plate; The spraying device includes a storage tank, a lifting mechanism, a conduit, and a spray head; the storage tank is located outside the sterilization chamber and is used to store sterilizing agents, and is connected to the spray head through the conduit; the lifting mechanism is located on the inner wall of the sterilization chamber, and the spray head is located on the lifting mechanism, which drives the spray head to move up and down.

2. The straw sterilization chamber for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism includes a slide rail, a slider, a pipeline box, and a drive unit; the slide rail is vertically mounted on the inner wall of the sterilization chamber; the slider is slidably mounted on the slide rail; the nozzle is mounted on the slider and moves with the slider; one end of the conduit near the nozzle is mounted on the slider, and the other end extends into the pipeline box from one side and extends out from the other end to connect to the storage box; the pipeline box is driven by the drive unit to house the conduit and drive the slider to move along the slide rail; both the pipeline box and the drive unit are located at the top of the sterilization chamber.

3. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drive unit includes a motor and a drive shaft; the drive shaft is connected to the pipeline box; the motor is connected to the drive shaft and drives the drive shaft to rotate.

4. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sterilization chamber is also equipped with an installation ring, which is connected to the slider and moves along the slide rail with the slider; the outer wall of the installation ring is in contact with the inner wall of the sterilization chamber.

5. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the mounting ring is equipped with a scraper that slides horizontally.

6. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a feeding box, which is located at the top of the sterilization chamber and connected to the inlet; the feeding box includes a temporary storage box and a distribution box; the top of the distribution box is connected to the temporary storage box and the bottom is connected to the sterilization chamber; the distribution box is equipped with a distribution wheel that rotates inside.

7. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 6, characterized in that, The distribution wheel includes a rotating shaft driven by a motor and several partitions; the partitions are arranged around the rotating shaft; the partitions are in contact with the side wall of the distribution box.

8. The straw sterilization bin for pretreatment of organic fertilizer fermentation raw materials according to claim 7, characterized in that, The drive unit further includes a first synchronous pulley, a second synchronous pulley, and a synchronous belt; the first synchronous pulley is mounted on the drive shaft; one end of the shaft passes through the side wall of the distribution box and is connected to the second synchronous pulley; the two sides of the synchronous belt are respectively wound around the first synchronous pulley and the second synchronous pulley; when the drive shaft is driven to rotate by the motor, the first synchronous pulley rotates and drives the second synchronous pulley to rotate, thereby causing the shaft to rotate.

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