Engine thermal management system and vehicle
By switching between hot and cold circulation loops in the engine, and using exhaust gas for preheating or cooling water for cooling, the problems of slow warm-up during cold starts and improper cooling under high loads are solved, achieving rapid warm-up and efficient cooling, reducing fuel consumption, and improving environmental performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WEICHAI POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
AI Technical Summary
Conventional engines experience high frictional work, high fuel consumption, and poor lubrication during cold starts, resulting in slow warm-up and wasted heat; they also cannot be effectively cooled under high loads.
By switching between cold and hot circulation loops, the engine preheats at low temperatures using exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe and cools down under high load using circulating cooling water, achieving rapid warm-up and effective cooling.
It enables the engine to warm up quickly at low temperatures, cool effectively under high loads, make reasonable use of waste heat, reduce fuel consumption, and improve environmental efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224266491U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to an engine thermal management system and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] In a conventional engine exhaust pipe, when the engine is under high load, it is at a high temperature. At this time, the engine and exhaust pipe can be cooled down by circulating cooling water in the water jacket of the engine block, cylinder head, and exhaust pipe. However, when the engine is cold-started, the engine fluid is relatively viscous. At this time, the friction work of moving parts is relatively large, the fuel consumption is high, and poor lubrication is prone to occur. The heat generated by the engine cannot be reasonably recovered and utilized to heat the engine block for rapid warm-up, resulting in heat waste. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of this, this application provides an engine thermal management system and a vehicle, which achieves rapid warm-up by preheating the exhaust gas passing through the engine exhaust pipe at low temperatures through switching between a cold circulation loop and a hot circulation loop, while at high loads, the engine and exhaust pipe can be cooled normally by circulating cooling water.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0005] An engine thermal management system, comprising:
[0006] The cold circulation loop is activated when the engine is in a cold start state. The cooling water in the exhaust pipe water jacket is heated by the engine exhaust and then circulates to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket.
[0007] The thermal circulation circuit is activated when the engine is under high load. The cooling water in the exhaust pipe hot water jacket is heated by the engine exhaust and then enters the cooling device to cool down. It is then circulated to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket.
[0008] Optionally, the cold circulation loop includes: a body water jacket, a cylinder head water jacket, an exhaust pipe water jacket, a small circulation water circuit, and a water pump connected in sequence. Cooling water is pumped into the body water jacket by the water pump, and flows into the cylinder head water jacket, the exhaust pipe water jacket, and the small circulation water circuit in sequence, and then returns to the water pump through the small circulation water circuit.
[0009] Optionally, the thermal circulation loop includes: the engine block water jacket, the cylinder head water jacket, the exhaust pipe water jacket, the intercooler, the large circulation water circuit, and the water pump connected in sequence. Cooling water is pumped into the engine block water jacket by the water pump, and flows into the cylinder head water jacket, the exhaust pipe water jacket, the cooling device, and the large circulation water circuit in sequence, and then returns to the water pump from the large circulation water circuit.
[0010] Optionally, the cooling device is an intercooler.
[0011] Optionally, the outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to the inlet of the thermostat, the first outlet of the thermostat is connected to the inlet of the small circulation water circuit, and the second outlet of the thermostat is connected to the inlet of the intercooler.
[0012] Optionally, the exhaust pipe water jacket is disposed inside the engine exhaust pipe, the engine exhaust pipe has an exhaust chamber, and the exhaust pipe water jacket is disposed around the exhaust chamber; the outer wall of the engine exhaust pipe is provided with manifold air inlets distributed along the length direction of the engine exhaust pipe, each manifold air inlet is provided with a corresponding water inlet, each manifold air inlet is connected to the exhaust chamber through an exhaust manifold, and each water inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe water jacket; each manifold air inlet is connected to an exhaust passage of the engine cylinder head, and each water inlet is connected to an outlet of the cylinder head water jacket.
[0013] Optionally, the exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located at one end of the engine exhaust pipe along its length, and the exhaust port is connected to the turbocharger; the outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket is located at the other end of the engine exhaust pipe along its length, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to the inlet of the thermostat.
[0014] Optionally, it also includes a temperature sensor and a controller, wherein the temperature sensor can detect the engine temperature; and the controller can open the first outlet of the thermostat and close the second outlet based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor, or close the first outlet of the thermostat and open the second outlet.
[0015] Optionally, the temperature sensor is located at the engine block water jacket, the cylinder head water jacket, and the exhaust pipe water jacket.
[0016] This application provides an engine thermal management system that, by switching between a cold circulation loop and a hot circulation loop, enables rapid warm-up at low temperatures by preheating the exhaust gas passing through the engine exhaust pipe, while at high loads, it utilizes cooling water circulation to cool the engine and exhaust pipe normally.
[0017] This application also provides a vehicle that, by using the aforementioned engine thermal management system, can rationally utilize engine thermal energy, reduce fuel consumption, and improve environmental performance. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the engine exhaust pipe of this application;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the engine thermal management system of this application.
[0021] exist Figures 1-2 middle:
[0022] 11. Manifold air inlet; 12. Exhaust outlet; 21. Water inlet; 22. Water jacket branch pipe; 23. Water outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket. Detailed Implementation
[0023] This application provides an engine thermal management system and vehicle, which achieves rapid warm-up by preheating the exhaust gas passing through the engine exhaust pipe at low temperatures through switching between a cold circulation loop and a hot circulation loop, while at high loads, it can use cooling water circulation to cool the engine and exhaust pipe normally.
[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0025] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the engine thermal management system provided in this application includes:
[0026] The cold circulation loop starts when the engine is in a cold start state. The coolant in the exhaust pipe water jacket is heated by the engine exhaust and then circulates to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket.
[0027] The hot circulation circuit is activated when the engine is under high load. The cooling water in the exhaust pipe hot water jacket is heated by the engine exhaust and then enters the cooling device to cool down. It is then circulated to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket.
[0028] The engine thermal management system provided in this application utilizes the heat from exhaust gases in the engine exhaust pipe by switching between a cold circulation loop and a hot circulation loop, thereby achieving rapid engine warm-up during cold starts. Specifically, when the engine is in a cold start state, the coolant in the exhaust pipe water jacket is preheated by the exhaust gases in the engine exhaust pipe. At this time, the coolant is not cooled down but returned to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket, utilizing the heat absorbed by the coolant from the exhaust gases for rapid warm-up. When the engine is under high load, the coolant in the exhaust pipe hot water jacket can be discharged into the cooling device for cooling down, and then the low-temperature coolant is circulated back to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket, that is, using the coolant circulation to cool the engine and exhaust pipe normally. In this way, the waste heat of the exhaust gases is rationally utilized, and rapid engine warm-up is achieved, reducing problems such as poor engine lubrication.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cold circulation circuit includes: the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket, exhaust pipe water jacket, small circulation water circuit and water pump connected in sequence. Cooling water is pumped into the engine block water jacket by the water pump, and flows into the cylinder head water jacket, exhaust pipe water jacket and small circulation water circuit in sequence, and then returns to the water pump from the small circulation water circuit.
[0030] In the cold circulation loop of this embodiment, cooling water is pumped into the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket, and exhaust pipe water jacket by a water pump. At this time, the engine is still in a low temperature state, and the cooling water flowing through the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket does not heat up much. However, when the cooling water flows through the exhaust pipe water jacket, it is heated by the residual heat of the exhaust gas. Then, the cooling water is pumped back to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket directly through the small circulation water circuit, thereby heating the engine block and engine cylinder head to achieve the purpose of rapid preheating.
[0031] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the thermal circulation loop includes: the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket, exhaust pipe water jacket, intercooler, large circulation water circuit and water pump connected in sequence. Cooling water is pumped into the engine block water jacket by the water pump, and flows into the cylinder head water jacket, exhaust pipe water jacket, cooling device and large circulation water circuit in sequence, and then returns to the water pump from the large circulation water circuit.
[0032] In the thermal circulation loop of this embodiment, cooling water is pumped into the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket, and exhaust pipe water jacket by a water pump. At this time, the engine is in a high temperature and high load state. The cooling water flowing through the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket is at a high temperature. When the cooling water flows through the exhaust pipe water jacket, it is further heated by the residual heat of the exhaust gas. Then, after the cooling water is cooled by the cooling device, it enters the large circulation water circuit and is pumped back to the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket, and exhaust pipe water jacket by a water pump in sequence, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling down the engine block, engine cylinder head, and engine exhaust pipe.
[0033] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cooling device is an intercooler.
[0034] In this embodiment, the intercooler is used to cool the cooling water flowing out of the exhaust pipe water jacket. The low-temperature cooling water then enters the large circulation water circuit and is pumped back to the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket and exhaust pipe water jacket by the water pump, thereby cooling the engine block, engine cylinder head and engine exhaust pipe.
[0035] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outlet 23 of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to the inlet of the thermostat, the first outlet of the thermostat is connected to the inlet of the small circulation water circuit, and the second outlet of the thermostat is connected to the inlet of the intercooler.
[0036] In this embodiment, the outlet 23 of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to a thermostat, which is used to divert the flow, thereby realizing the switching between the cold circulation loop and the hot circulation loop.
[0037] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust pipe water jacket is installed inside the engine exhaust pipe, and the engine exhaust pipe has an exhaust chamber. The exhaust chamber is surrounded by the exhaust pipe water jacket. The outer wall of the engine exhaust pipe is provided with manifold inlets 11 distributed along the length of the engine exhaust pipe. Each manifold inlet 11 is provided with a corresponding water inlet 21. Each manifold inlet 11 is connected to the exhaust chamber through an exhaust manifold. Each water inlet 21 is connected to the exhaust pipe water jacket. Each manifold inlet 11 is connected to an exhaust passage in the engine cylinder head. Each water inlet 21 is connected to the outlet of a cylinder head water jacket.
[0038] A cylinder head water jacket is installed at each exhaust port of the engine cylinder head. In order to match the engine cylinder head, a water inlet 21 is also installed next to each manifold air inlet 11 of the engine exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe water jacket is set outside the exhaust chamber, so that the cooling water in the exhaust pipe water jacket can absorb heat through the outer periphery of the exhaust chamber to achieve the purpose of heat exchange.
[0039] In addition, a water jacket branch pipe 22 is installed outside the engine exhaust pipe. One end of the water jacket branch pipe 22 extends into the side wall of the engine exhaust pipe and is connected to the exhaust pipe water jacket. The other end of the water jacket branch pipe 22 is connected to a booster connection pipe at one end of the length of the engine exhaust pipe. A water channel is provided inside the booster connection pipe. In this way, the cooling water flows through the exhaust pipe water jacket, flows into the booster connection pipe to cool the booster connection pipe, and then circulates back to the exhaust pipe water jacket through the booster connection pipe.
[0040] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the exhaust port 12 of the exhaust chamber is located at one end of the length direction of the engine exhaust pipe. Specifically, the exhaust port 12 is the outlet of the supercharger connection pipe. The exhaust port 12 is connected to the supercharger, and the exhaust gas is pressurized by the supercharger before being discharged. The outlet 23 of the exhaust pipe water jacket is located at the other end of the length direction of the engine exhaust pipe. The outlet 23 of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to the inlet of the thermostat.
[0041] In this embodiment, the exhaust port 12 is located at one end of the length direction of the engine exhaust pipe, and the water outlet 23 of the exhaust pipe water jacket is located at the other end of the length direction of the engine exhaust pipe, thereby making reasonable arrangements and reducing interference between the air passage and the water passage.
[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor detects the engine temperature. The controller determines whether to switch between a cold loop and a hot loop based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor. When switching to the cold loop is required, the controller sends a control signal to the thermostat to open the first outlet and close the second outlet. Alternatively, when switching to the hot loop is required, the controller sends a control signal to the thermostat to close the first outlet and open the second outlet.
[0043] In a preferred embodiment, temperature sensors are installed at the engine block water jacket, cylinder head water jacket, and exhaust pipe water jacket. In this way, multiple temperature sensors can accurately detect the real-time temperature of the engine block, engine cylinder head, and engine exhaust pipe. The controller can determine whether to switch between the cold cycle loop and the hot cycle loop based on the temperature values detected by these temperature sensors and the temperature differences at each location.
[0044] This application also provides a vehicle that, by using the aforementioned engine thermal management system, can rationally utilize engine thermal energy, reduce fuel consumption, and improve environmental performance.
[0045] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.
[0046] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the word “or” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.
[0047] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, equipment, and methods of this application, the components or steps can be disassembled or recombined. These disassemblies or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of this application.
[0048] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
[0049] It should be understood that the qualifiers “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” and “sixth” used in the description of the embodiments of this application are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0050] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims
1. An engine thermal management system, characterized in that, include: The cold circulation loop is activated when the engine is in a cold start state. The cooling water in the exhaust pipe water jacket is heated by the engine exhaust and then circulates to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket. The thermal circulation circuit is activated when the engine is under high load. The cooling water in the exhaust pipe hot water jacket is heated by the engine exhaust and then enters the cooling device to cool down. It is then circulated to the engine block water jacket and cylinder head water jacket.
2. The engine thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold circulation loop includes: a body water jacket, a cylinder head water jacket, an exhaust pipe water jacket, a small circulation water circuit, and a water pump connected in sequence. Cooling water is pumped into the body water jacket by the water pump, and flows into the cylinder head water jacket, the exhaust pipe water jacket, and the small circulation water circuit in sequence, and then returns to the water pump through the small circulation water circuit.
3. The engine thermal management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thermal circulation loop includes: the engine block water jacket, the cylinder head water jacket, the exhaust pipe water jacket, the intercooler, the large circulation water circuit, and the water pump connected in sequence. Cooling water is pumped into the engine block water jacket by the water pump, and flows into the cylinder head water jacket, the exhaust pipe water jacket, the cooling device, and the large circulation water circuit in sequence, and then returns to the water pump from the large circulation water circuit.
4. The engine thermal management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling device is an intercooler.
5. The engine thermal management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to the inlet of the thermostat, the first outlet of the thermostat is connected to the inlet of the small circulation water circuit, and the second outlet of the thermostat is connected to the inlet of the intercooler.
6. The engine thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe water jacket is installed inside the engine exhaust pipe, and the engine exhaust pipe has an exhaust chamber. The exhaust chamber is surrounded by the exhaust pipe water jacket. The outer wall of the engine exhaust pipe is provided with manifold air inlets distributed along the length of the engine exhaust pipe. Each manifold air inlet is provided with a corresponding water inlet. Each manifold air inlet is connected to the exhaust chamber through an exhaust manifold. Each water inlet is connected to the exhaust pipe water jacket. Each manifold air inlet is connected to an exhaust passage in the engine cylinder head. Each water inlet is connected to an outlet of the cylinder head water jacket.
7. The engine thermal management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The exhaust port of the exhaust chamber is located at one end of the engine exhaust pipe along its length, and the exhaust port is connected to the turbocharger; the outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket is located at the other end of the engine exhaust pipe along its length, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe water jacket is connected to the inlet of the thermostat.
8. The engine thermal management system according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature sensor and a controller. The temperature sensor can detect the temperature of the engine. The controller can open the first outlet of the thermostat and close the second outlet based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor, or close the first outlet of the thermostat and open the second outlet.
9. The engine thermal management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is located in the engine block water jacket, the cylinder head water jacket, and the exhaust pipe water jacket.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the engine thermal management system as described in any one of claims 1-9.