A fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land

Abstract

This utility model discloses a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land, including a fertilizer box with two supports on both sides. Two wheels are rotatably mounted on the supports. Multiple discharge ports are spaced apart at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and a vertical feeding pipe is connected to the bottom of each discharge port. A transfer hopper is located at the lower end of each feeding pipe, with its upper end connected to the feeding pipe and its lower end connected to the discharge pipe. A fixing plate is fixedly connected to the front of the discharge pipe, and a plowshare is located at the lower end of the fixing plate. A horizontal drive shaft is positioned between the two wheels, passing through each feeding pipe and coaxially fixedly connected to the central axis of the two wheels. A spreading disc, coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft, is located inside each feeding pipe. This utility model has good anti-clogging effect, facilitates continuous and uniform fertilizer application, and prevents fertilizer waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement equipment, and in particular to a fertilization device for saline-alkali land improvement. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land refers to land where the salt content in the soil affects the normal growth of crops. Soil salinization has seriously threatened the healthy development of agriculture in my country. When relevant departments detect that the salt content of water in the soil to be planted exceeds the standard, measures must be taken to treat and improve the soil. Only after the improvement is completed can crops be planted normally. Applying organic fertilizer is one of the improvement methods. It can improve the soil structure of saline-alkali land, increase the organic matter content of the soil, and improve the soil's water retention capacity and nutrient supply capacity. During the fertilization process, fertilizer applicators are needed to effectively improve the fertilization efficiency of saline-alkali land.

[0003] Currently, existing fertilizer applicators mainly consist of components such as hoppers and machine bodies. During the fertilization process, workers pre-pour the fertilizer to be applied into the hopper. During fertilization, the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is automatically fed by gravity. Uneven feeding can easily lead to blockage of the discharge port and discontinuous feeding, resulting in fertilizer waste. Furthermore, fertilizer tends to accumulate at the bottom of the fertilizer tank, making it difficult to empty completely. In addition, because the top of the hopper is open, when there is a lot of fertilizer inside the hopper, leakage is likely to occur during the pushing process. Moreover, the open-air hopper is prone to rainwater and other debris entering, which can affect the normal application of fertilizer. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land, which solves the problems of easy clogging of the feed inlet, discontinuous and uneven feeding, and easy accumulation of material in the feed box of traditional saline-alkali land fertilizers.

[0005] This utility model provides a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land, including a fertilizer box, two supports on both sides of the fertilizer box, two rotatable wheels on the two supports, multiple discharge ports spaced apart at the bottom of the fertilizer box, a limiting block between two adjacent discharge ports, a vertical feeding pipe connected to the bottom of each discharge port, a transfer hopper at the lower end of each feeding pipe, the upper end of the transfer hopper connected to the feeding pipe and the lower end connected to the discharge pipe, a fixing plate fixedly connected to the front of the discharge pipe, a plowshare head at the lower end of the fixing plate, a horizontal drive shaft between the two wheels, the drive shaft passing through each feeding pipe sequentially and being coaxially fixedly connected to the central axis of the two wheels, and a seeding disc coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft inside each feeding pipe.

[0006] In the above technical solution, a horizontal guide rod is further provided inside the fertilizer box. The two ends of the guide rod are respectively guided and slidably engaged with positioning holes provided on the two side walls of the fertilizer box. Each of the limiting blocks is fixedly connected to the guide rod. An installation plate is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer box. An electric push rod is provided on the installation plate. The telescopic end of the electric push rod is connected to one end of the guide rod through a connecting rod.

[0007] In the above technical solution, a traction seat is further provided on the front side wall of the fertilizer box.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the support includes a fixing block, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fertilizer box. A guide hole is provided on the fixing block, and a lifting rod is provided in the guide hole. A bearing seat is provided at the lower end of the lifting rod, and the bearing seat is rotatably connected to the central shaft of the walking wheel.

[0009] In the above technical solution, a lid is further provided on the top of the fertilizer box.

[0010] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this utility model provides a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] 1. By adding fertilizer to the fertilizer bin and feeding it into the discharge pipe through the discharge port, the fertilizer is driven by the rolling wheels of the agricultural machinery, which in turn drives the drive shaft to rotate, causing the seeding disc to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer falls periodically into the transfer hopper through the semi-circular groove on the seeding disc, achieving uniform and constant-speed fertilizer discharge into the discharge pipe. At the same time, the plowshare breaks through the surface layer of the saline-alkali soil, and the outlet of the discharge pipe is located at the bottom of the furrow, achieving deep application of fertilizer to the root zone, uniform fertilizer application, high fertilizer utilization rate, and high precision in fertilizer application location.

[0013] 2. The guide rod is driven by an electric push rod to reciprocate, which drives the limit block to scrape laterally between the discharge ports, breaking up the caking fertilizer layer, completely preventing blockage, and preventing fertilizer accumulation in the fertilizer box.

[0014] 3. Use a soil coverer to backfill the soil turned up by the plowshare into the trench to cover the fertilizer, preventing the applied fertilizer from being exposed to the outside and wasting it. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, the drawings used in the implementation examples will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rod drive structure of a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the seeding tray installation structure of a fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land proposed in this utility model.

[0021] In the picture:

[0022] 1-Fertilizer bin; 11-Discharge port; 12-Limit block; 13-Guide rod; 14-Mounting plate; 15-Electric push rod; 151-Connecting rod; 16-Traction seat; 17-Box cover; 18-Handrail; 2-Bracket; 21-Fixing block; 22-Lifting rod; 23-Shaft seat; 3-Walking wheel; 31-Drive shaft; 4-Discharge pipe; 41-Spreading disc; 42-Fixing rod; 43-Soil covering device; 5-Transfer hopper; 6-Discharge pipe; 7-Fixing plate; 8-Plowshare head. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this utility model, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] See Figure 1-5 A fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land includes a fertilizer box 1, two supports 2 on both sides of the fertilizer box 1, two wheels 3 rotatably mounted on the two supports 2, six discharge ports 11 spaced apart at the bottom of the fertilizer box 1, a limiting block 12 between two adjacent discharge ports 11, a total of five limiting blocks 12, a vertical discharge pipe 4 connected to the bottom of each discharge port 11, a transfer hopper 5 at the lower end of each discharge pipe 4, the upper end of the transfer hopper 5 connected to the discharge pipe 4 and the lower end connected to the discharge pipe 6, a fixing plate 7 fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 4 at the front of the discharge pipe 6, a plowshare head 8 at the lower end of the fixing plate 7, a horizontal drive shaft 31 between the two wheels 3, the drive shaft 31 passing through each discharge pipe 4 and fixedly coaxially connected to the central axis of the two wheels 3, and a seeding disc 41 fixedly connected to the drive shaft 31 inside each discharge pipe 4.

[0026] In some embodiments, specifically, see Figure 3 A horizontal guide rod 13 is installed inside the fertilizer box 1. The two ends of the guide rod 13 are respectively guided and slidably engaged with the positioning holes provided on the two side walls of the fertilizer box 1. Each limiting block 12 is fixedly connected to the guide rod 13. An installation plate 14 is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer box 1. An electric push rod 15 is installed on the installation plate 14. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 15 is connected to one end of the guide rod 13. The electric push rod 15 can be powered by a lithium battery installed on the installation plate 14. At the same time, the controller controls the electric push rod 15 to perform periodic telescopic movements. The electric push rod 15 is fixed to the outside of the box body through the installation plate 14. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 15 is connected to the end of the guide rod 13 through the connecting rod 151. The electric push rod 15 drives the guide rod 13 to reciprocate through the connecting rod 151, causing the limiting block 12 to scrape laterally between two adjacent discharge ports 11, breaking up the plated fertilizer layer and completely preventing blockage.

[0027] In some embodiments, specifically, see Figure 1 The bracket 2 includes a fixing block 21, which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fertilizer box 1. A guide hole is provided on the fixing block 21, and a lifting rod 22 is provided in the guide hole. A bearing seat 23 is provided at the lower end of the lifting rod 22, and the bearing seat 23 is rotatably connected to the central shaft of the walking wheel 3. The fixing block 21 is welded to the side wall of the fertilizer box 1. Its guide hole is set vertically and is clearance-fitted with the lifting rod 22 (the clearance is 0.5-1mm) to achieve vertical sliding. The lifting rod 22 and the fixing block 21 are positioned and fixed by inserting a screw into the threaded hole through the guide hole on the side wall of the fixing block 21. The lower end of the lifting rod 22 is connected to the axle of the walking wheel 3 through the bearing seat 23, so that the height of the walking wheel 3 can be independently adjusted according to the terrain undulations (adjustment range 80-120mm) to ensure that the plowshare 8 is stably inserted into the soil.

[0028] Specifically, the traction seat 16 is fixedly mounted on the front wall of the fertilizer box 1 and is used to connect to a tractor or traction implement so that the fertilizer box 1 can obtain stable power to move.

[0029] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 Preferably, the limiting block 12 is a stainless steel block, and the upper end of the limiting block 12 is wedge-shaped to facilitate the diversion of fertilizer to the discharge ports 11 on both sides. The bottom of the limiting block 12 is flat and abuts against the bottom plate of the fertilizer box 1. During the movement of the limiting block 12, it is easy to push all the fertilizer to the discharge port 11 along the bottom of the fertilizer box 1 to prevent material accumulation. A through hole is provided on the side wall of the limiting block 12, and the guide rod 13 passes through the through hole of the limiting block 12 and is fixedly connected to the limiting block 12.

[0030] Specifically, see Figure 3 The guide rod 13 horizontally passes through the positioning holes on both sides of the fertilizer box 1 (the diameter of the positioning hole is 1-2mm larger than the diameter of the guide rod 13) to achieve axial sliding.

[0031] Specifically, see Figure 1 Each discharge port 11 is connected to a feeding pipe 4 below. The feeding pipe 4 is a rectangular straight pipe. Inside the feeding pipe 4, there is a vertical feeding disc 41. The feeding disc 41 is disc-shaped. The two ends of the feeding disc 41 are attached to the two inner side walls of the feeding pipe 4. Multiple axially penetrating semi-circular grooves are evenly arranged on the circumferential curved surface of the feeding disc 41. Through these grooves, it is easy to rotate and transport the fertilizer from the upper part to the lower part. The feeding disc 41 is keyed and fixed to the drive shaft 31, realizing quantitative feeding.

[0032] Specifically, see Figure 3 , 4 5. The drive shaft 31 passes through the side wall of all the discharge pipes 4. The two ends of the drive shaft 31 are rigidly connected to the axle of the walking wheel 3 through flanges, or they can be connected by couplings. The walking wheel 3 rolls, driving the drive shaft 31 to rotate, which drives the spreading disc 41 to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer falls periodically into the transfer hopper 5 through the groove of the spreading disc 41, realizing uniform fertilizer discharge at the same speed (the discharge volume is proportional to the travel speed).

[0033] Specifically, see Figure 1 , 5 The transfer hopper 5 is a pyramidal hopper that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The upper end of the transfer hopper 5 is welded to the lower end of the discharge pipe 4, and the lower end of the transfer hopper 5 is connected to the forward-sloping discharge pipe 6.

[0034] Specifically, the fixing plate 7 is welded to the lower side wall of the feed pipe 4, and the plow head 8 is installed at the lower end of the fixing plate 7. The plow head 8 is made of 65Mn steel and has a nitrided surface.

[0035] Specifically, the plowshare head 8 breaks through the surface layer of saline-alkali soil, and the discharge pipe 6 outlet is located at the bottom of the furrow, so as to achieve deep application of fertilizer to the root zone and avoid the surface salt inhibiting the fertilizer effect.

[0036] Specifically, the lid 17 is fixed to the top of the fertilizer box 1 to prevent the fertilizer from deliquescing due to humid air.

[0037] Specifically, all metal parts of the fertilization device are hot-dip galvanized to improve corrosion resistance in saline-alkali environments.

[0038] Specifically, the limiting block 12 is periodically scraped laterally under the drive of the electric push rod 15, which completely solves the problem of high-humidity fertilizer caking at the discharge port 11, reducing the failure rate by more than 90%.

[0039] Specifically, the walking wheel 3 and the spreading disc 41 are mechanically linked to ensure a constant fertilizer application rate per unit area (error <5%), avoiding uneven fertilization caused by speed fluctuations in traditional equipment.

[0040] Specifically, the lifting rod 22 independently adjusts the height of each traveling wheel 3, and in conjunction with the soil entry angle self-adjustment function of the plow head 8, it maintains a stable working depth on undulating saline-alkali surfaces.

[0041] Specifically, the fertilizer is delivered directly to the deep soil reclaimed by the plowshare head 8, effectively avoiding the surface salt accumulation layer and increasing fertilizer utilization by 30-40%.

[0042] Preferably, a fixing rod 42 is fixedly installed on the rear side wall of the feed pipe 4, and a soil covering device 43 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the fixing rod 42. The soil covering device 43 is a V-shaped plate, and the two side plates facilitate the collection of soil together and filling it into the trench opened by the plow head 8 to bury fertilizer.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] 1. First, add fertilizer into the fertilizer box 1. The fertilizer in the fertilizer box 1 enters the discharge pipe 4 through the discharge port 11.

[0045] 2. Then, the agricultural machinery traction wheels 3 roll, driving the transmission shaft 31 to rotate, which in turn drives the seeding disc 41 to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer falls periodically into the transfer hopper 5 through the semi-circular groove on the seeding disc 41, achieving uniform and constant fertilizer discharge (discharge rate is proportional to the travel speed) into the discharge pipe 6. At the same time, the plowshare head 8 breaks through the surface layer of saline-alkali soil (depth 150-250mm). The outlet of the discharge pipe 6 is located at the bottom of the furrow, achieving deep application of fertilizer to the root zone.

[0046] 3. The soil turned up by the plowshare 8 is backfilled into the trench by the soil coverer 43 to bury the fertilizer;

[0047] 4. During the fertilization process, the electric push rod 15 drives the guide rod 13 to reciprocate, which in turn drives the limit block 12 to scrape laterally between the discharge ports 11 to prevent blockage.

[0048] Application Examples:

[0049] Taking the improvement of saline-alkali land with a salt content of 0.3 g / kg as an example, the amendment (such as a mixture of humic acid and phosphogypsum) is loaded into the fertilizer tank 1; the tractor traction device moves at 4-6 km / h; the electric push rod 15 drives the limit block 12 to clear blockage at a frequency of 0.2 Hz; the rotation speed of the traveling wheel 3 is converted into the discharge speed of the seeding disc 41 at 15-20 r / min via the transmission shaft 31; the fertilizer is precisely injected into the 250 mm deep furrow opened by the plowshare head 8 through the discharge pipe 6. Actual measurements compared with traditional equipment show that the germination rate is increased by 25% and the soil pH value is reduced by 0.8 units.

[0050] Other embodiments of the present invention will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention that follow the general principles of the invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope of the invention is indicated by the claims.

[0051] It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The embodiments of this utility model described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land, characterized in that: The system includes a fertilizer bin (1), with two supports (2) on both sides of the fertilizer bin (1). Two wheels (3) are rotatably mounted on the two supports (2). Multiple discharge ports (11) are spaced apart at the bottom of the fertilizer bin (1). A limiting block (12) is set between two adjacent discharge ports (11). A vertical discharge pipe (4) is connected to the bottom of each discharge port (11). A transfer hopper (5) is set at the lower end of each discharge pipe (4). The upper end of the transfer hopper (5) is connected to the discharge pipe (4). The lower end is connected to the discharge pipe (6). A fixing plate (7) is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe (4) on the front side of the discharge pipe (6). A plow head (8) is set at the lower end of the fixing plate (7). A horizontal transmission shaft (31) is set between the two walking wheels (3). The transmission shaft (31) passes through each of the discharge pipes (4) in sequence and is fixedly connected to the central axis of the two walking wheels (3) on the same axis. A feeding disc (41) is set inside each discharge pipe (4) and is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (31) on the same axis.

2. The fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, A horizontal guide rod (13) is provided inside the fertilizer box (1). The two ends of the guide rod (13) are respectively guided and slidably engaged with the positioning holes provided on the two side walls of the fertilizer box (1). Each of the limiting blocks (12) is fixedly connected to the guide rod (13). An installation plate (14) is provided on the side wall of the fertilizer box (1). An electric push rod (15) is provided on the installation plate (14). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (15) is connected to one end of the guide rod (13) through a connecting rod (151).

3. The fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, A traction seat (16) is provided on the front side wall of the fertilizer box (1).

4. The fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (2) includes a fixing block (21), which is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fertilizer box (1). A guide hole is provided on the fixing block (21), and a lifting rod (22) is provided in the guide hole. A bearing seat (23) is provided at the lower end of the lifting rod (22), and the bearing seat (23) is rotatably connected to the central axis of the walking wheel (3).

5. A fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fertilizer box (1) is equipped with a box cover (17) on top.

6. The fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two handrails (18) are provided on the rear side of the fertilizer box (1).

7. The fertilization device for improving saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixing rod (42) is provided on the rear side wall of the feed pipe (4), and a soil cover (43) is provided at the lower end of the fixing rod (42).

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