A seeder for vegetable farmers to build their own greenhouses

Abstract

This utility model relates to a seeder for vegetable farmers' self-built greenhouses, belonging to the technical field of agricultural greenhouse sowing equipment. It consists of a frame, a sowing mechanism, a motor transmission mechanism, a furrowing device, a soil covering device, and active and passive wheels. The passive wheels are mounted on the left end of the frame, and the active wheels are mounted on the right end. The sowing mechanism, soil covering device, and furrowing device are mounted on the frame between the passive and active wheels. The motor transmission mechanism is mounted on the frame to the right of the furrowing device. This utility model has a simple structure and is suitable for sowing in farmers' self-built greenhouses. The number of furrow rows and sowing lines can be increased or decreased according to specific conditions. It solves the problem that existing machinery for sowing in greenhouses is designed for standardized greenhouses, which require large spaces for ridge changing due to their height, making them unsuitable for farmers' self-built greenhouses with lower heights. This has resulted in most farmers having to sow manually in their self-built greenhouses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a seeder for vegetable farmers to build their own greenhouses, belonging to the technical field of agricultural greenhouse seeding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement and development of agricultural vegetable planting and seedling cultivation technologies, coupled with national policy encouragement and financial subsidies, greenhouses have become an important means of vegetable planting and seedling cultivation. The advantages of greenhouse cultivation include the greenhouse effect, which creates high temperatures inside the greenhouse, providing insulation, moisture retention, regulating the local microclimate, and reducing pests and diseases. Greenhouse vegetables can be produced and sold normally in winter, unaffected by cold weather. Furthermore, due to the more precise cultivation and stricter management, greenhouse vegetables offer higher economic benefits than ordinary field cultivation.

[0003] While greenhouse cultivation offers numerous advantages, the construction of standardized greenhouse areas has strict requirements, such as the height, spatial structure, and ventilation facilities. Common dimensions for a standard greenhouse are 100 meters long, 10 meters wide, and 4.5 meters high; for a greenhouse with a 20-meter span and 100 meters long, the height is 6 meters. These are the basic dimensions of a standard greenhouse, designed to allow the traction equipment and driver's cab of the seeder to enter and operate within the greenhouse. Because of these high construction requirements, the cost of building standardized greenhouses is also very high, making it unaffordable for most individual vegetable farmers. Therefore, in rural areas of my country, especially below the county level, standardized greenhouses are extremely rare; most are self-built greenhouses with relatively low heights. For simple greenhouses built by vegetable farmers, they are generally 10-20 meters long, 4-6 meters wide, and 2-2.8 meters high. Some farmers, in order to save on construction costs, even have greenhouses that are only 1.9 meters high, as long as people can enter the greenhouse for production. Therefore, the height and width of greenhouses built by vegetable farmers vary widely.

[0004] Currently, most seeding machines sold in the market for greenhouses, whether imported or domestic, are designed for standardized greenhouse areas. These seeders are equipped with traction devices (such as tractors) and a driver's cab. After sowing in one row, the machine is lifted by the traction device to turn around and change rows, eliminating the need for manual assistance and significantly reducing the labor intensity for farmers. However, due to their height, these seeders require ample space for changing rows, making them unsuitable for farmers' self-built greenhouses with lower ceilings. This forces most farmers to rely on manual sowing in their own greenhouses. Manual sowing requires digging up the soil on the ridges, planting the seeds, and then covering them with soil. This requires bending over, is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Therefore, it is necessary to design a seeder suitable for farmers' self-built greenhouses to address the problem of high labor intensity during sowing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a seeder that integrates ditching, sowing, and soil covering, with the number of ditch rows adjustable according to specific conditions, suitable for sowing in greenhouses built by farmers themselves; and with a simple structure, low cost, and particularly convenient sowing and turning mechanism for vegetable farmers' self-built greenhouses.

[0006] This utility model achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution:

[0007] A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses comprises a frame, a sowing mechanism, a motor transmission mechanism, a furrowing mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, driving wheels, and driven wheels. Driven wheels are mounted on both sides of the left end of the frame, and driving wheels are mounted on both sides of the right end of the frame. The sowing mechanism is mounted on the frame between the driven and driving wheels. The soil covering mechanism is mounted on the left side of the frame of the sowing mechanism, and the furrowing mechanism is mounted on the right side of the frame of the sowing mechanism. The motor transmission mechanism is mounted on the right side of the frame of the furrowing mechanism. The motor transmission mechanism is connected to the driving wheels via a chain, and the driving wheels are connected to the sowing mechanism via a chain and an intermediate drive shaft.

[0008] The frame consists of a cross frame, a longitudinal frame, a motor mounting plate, an intermediate drive shaft, an intermediate sprocket a, and an intermediate sprocket b. There are two cross frames and two longitudinal frames. The two longitudinal frames are fixed in the middle of the two cross frames. The two ends of the two cross frames are respectively fixed to the driving wheel and the driven wheel. The motor mounting plate is installed above the middle of the two cross frames. The intermediate drive shaft is installed below the motor mounting plate. The intermediate drive shaft can rotate on the two cross frames. The intermediate sprocket a and the intermediate sprocket b are installed on the intermediate drive shaft.

[0009] The seeding mechanism consists of a hopper, a seed metering device, a seed metering sprocket, a seed metering pipe, and a mounting base. The hopper and the seed metering device are mounted on the mounting base. The seed metering device is mounted below the hopper, the seed metering sprocket is mounted on one side of the lower part of the hopper, and the seed metering pipe is mounted below the seed metering device.

[0010] The motor transmission mechanism consists of a motor, a battery, and a clutched motor sprocket. The motor and battery are mounted on a motor mounting plate, and a clutched motor sprocket is mounted on the output end of the motor. The clutched motor sprocket can be separated from or engaged with the output end of the motor through a clutch.

[0011] The ditching mechanism consists of a ditching plow fixing seat, a ditching plow support rod, and a ditching plow. The ditching plow support rod is fixed to the mounting base by the ditching plow fixing seat, and the ditching plow support rod and the seed metering pipe are on the same horizontal plane; the ditching plow is installed at the lower end of the ditching plow support rod.

[0012] The soil covering mechanism consists of a soil covering device fixing base, a soil covering device support rod, and a soil covering device. The soil covering device support rod is fixed to the mounting base through the soil covering device fixing base, and the soil covering device support rod and the seeding pipe are on the same horizontal plane. The soil covering device is installed at the lower end of the soil covering device support rod.

[0013] The active walking wheel consists of an active shaft, an anti-slip plate, an active sprocket, and a driven sprocket. There are two active walking wheels, which are respectively installed at both ends of the active shaft and fixed to the right end of the crossbeam of the frame via the active shaft. The active shaft is equipped with an active sprocket and a driven sprocket. The active sprocket is connected to the clutched motor sprocket on the output shaft of the motor via a chain, and the driven sprocket is connected to the intermediate sprocket a on the intermediate transmission shaft via a chain. The active walking wheel is equipped with an anti-slip plate.

[0014] There are two driven wheels, which are respectively installed at both ends of the driven shaft and fixed to the left end of the crossbeam of the frame through the driven shaft.

[0015] The active and passive wheels have the same diameter, ranging from 0.8 meters to 1.2 meters.

[0016] The advantages of this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0017] This seeder for vegetable farmers' self-built greenhouses consists of a frame, a sowing mechanism, a motor transmission mechanism, a furrowing mechanism, a soil covering mechanism, and main and driven wheels. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is inexpensive. The number of furrows and sowing rows can be increased or decreased according to local conditions and farmers' requirements. It is suitable for sowing in self-built greenhouses. It solves the problem that existing greenhouse sowing machines, whether imported or domestic, are designed for standardized greenhouse areas. Due to their height, they require a large space for ridge changing and cannot be used in non-standard greenhouses with lower heights built by farmers. This has resulted in most self-built greenhouses relying on manual sowing. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a seeder used in greenhouses built by vegetable farmers.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a seeder used by vegetable farmers to build their own greenhouses.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 101. Horizontal frame; 102. Vertical frame; 103. Motor mounting plate; 104. Intermediate drive shaft; 105. Intermediate sprocket a; 106. Intermediate sprocket b; 2. Seeding mechanism; 201. Hopper; 202. Seed metering device; 203. Seed metering sprocket; 204. Seed metering pipe; 205. Mounting base; 3. Motor transmission mechanism; 301. Motor; 302. Battery; 303. 4. Trenching mechanism, 401. Trenching plow fixing seat, 402. Trenching plow support rod, 403. Trenching plow, 5. Covering mechanism, 501. Covering device fixing seat, 502. Covering device support rod, 503. Covering device, 6. Driven traveling wheel, 601. Drive shaft, 602. Anti-slip plate, 603. Driven sprocket, 604. Driven sprocket, 7. Driven traveling wheel, 701. Driven shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 The seeder used by vegetable farmers in their self-built greenhouses is described in further detail below.

[0022] This seeder for vegetable farmers' self-built greenhouses consists of a frame 1, a sowing mechanism 2, a motor transmission mechanism 3, a furrowing mechanism 4, a soil covering mechanism 5, driving wheels 6, and driven wheels 7. Driven wheels 7 are mounted on both sides of the left end of the frame 1, and driving wheels 6 are mounted on both sides of the right end of the frame 1. The two driving wheels 6 drive the frame 1 and the driven wheels 7. The sowing mechanism 2 is mounted on the frame 1 between the driven wheels 7 and the driving wheels 6. There is at least one sowing mechanism 2, but the number can be adjusted according to local conditions, farmer requirements, and the shape of the field ridges. The width and the number of sowing rows per ridge can be increased or decreased, and the sowing mechanism 2 can be set to 1-6. When the sowing mechanism 2 is increased or decreased, the furrowing mechanism 4 and the soil covering mechanism 5 should be increased or decreased in a matching manner with the sowing mechanism 2. The soil covering mechanism 5 is installed on the left frame 1 of the sowing mechanism 2, and the furrowing mechanism 4 is installed on the right frame 1 of the sowing mechanism 2. The motor transmission mechanism 3 is installed on the right frame 1 of the furrowing mechanism 4. The motor 301 of the motor transmission mechanism 3 is connected to the active walking wheel 6 through a chain. The active walking wheel 6 is connected to the sowing mechanism 2 through a chain and an intermediate transmission shaft 104.

[0023] Furthermore, the frame 1 is composed of a horizontal frame 101, a vertical frame 102, a motor mounting plate 103, an intermediate drive shaft 104, an intermediate sprocket a105, and an intermediate sprocket b106. There are two horizontal frames 101 and two vertical frames 102, with the two vertical frames 102 fixed to the middle of the two horizontal frames 101, forming a rectangular frame. The two ends of the two horizontal frames 101 are respectively fixed to the drive shaft 601 of the drive wheel 6 and the driven shaft 701 of the driven wheel 7; the two horizontal... A motor mounting plate 103 is installed above the middle part of the frame 101. An intermediate drive shaft 104 is installed below the motor mounting plate 103. The two ends of the intermediate drive shaft 104 are mounted on two cross frames 101 through bearings and can rotate on the cross frames 101. An intermediate sprocket a105 and an intermediate sprocket b106 are installed on the intermediate drive shaft 104. The intermediate sprocket a105 is connected to the driven sprocket 604 through a chain, and the intermediate sprocket b106 is connected to the seeding sprocket 203 through a chain.

[0024] Furthermore, the sowing mechanism 2 consists of a hopper 201, a seed metering device 202, a seed metering sprocket 203, a seed metering pipe 204, and a mounting base 205. The hopper 201 and the seed metering device 202 are mounted on the mounting base 205 fixed on the frame 1. The seed metering device 202 is mounted below the hopper 201, and the seed metering sprocket 203 is mounted on one side of the lower part of the hopper 201. The seed metering pipe 204 is mounted below the seed metering device 202, and the lower end of the seed metering pipe 204 is placed between the furrowing plow 403 and the soil covering device 503.

[0025] Furthermore, the motor transmission mechanism 3 consists of a motor 301, a battery 302, and a clutched motor sprocket 303. The motor 301 and the battery 302 are mounted on the motor mounting plate 103 and are electrically connected. The clutched motor sprocket 303 is mounted on the output end of the motor. The clutched motor sprocket 303 can be separated from or engaged with the output end of the motor through a clutch. The clutched motor sprocket 303 is connected to the drive sprocket 603 through a chain.

[0026] Furthermore, the ditching mechanism 4 consists of a ditching plow fixing seat 401, a ditching plow support rod 402, and a ditching plow 403. The ditching plow support rod 402 is fixed to the mounting base 205 through the ditching plow fixing seat 401. The ditching plow support rod 402 can move up and down within the ditching plow fixing seat 401 to adjust the height of the ditching plow 403. After adjustment, it is fixed through the adjustment hole and the pin. The ditching plow support rod 402 and the seed metering pipe 204 are on the same horizontal plane and are in a straight line. The ditching plow 403 is installed at the lower end of the ditching plow support rod 402.

[0027] Furthermore, the covering mechanism 5 consists of a covering device fixing seat 501, a covering device support rod 502, and a covering device 503. The covering device support rod 502 is fixed to the mounting base 205 through the covering device fixing seat 501. The covering device support rod 502 can move up and down within the covering device fixing seat 501 to adjust the height of the covering device 503. After adjustment, it is fixed through the adjustment hole and the pin. The covering device support rod 502 and the seed metering tube 204 are on the same horizontal plane and are in a straight line. That is, the furrowing plow support rod 402, the seed metering tube 204, and the covering device support rod 502 are all in the same straight line. The covering device 503 is installed at the lower end of the covering device support rod 502.

[0028] The height adjustment of the furrowing mechanism 4 and the covering mechanism 5 mentioned above is not very different from the sowing depth of various vegetable seeds. Generally, the difference in depth is only between 1 and 5 cm. Therefore, this seeder does not need to adjust the height of the frame from the ground. It can be used to sow various vegetable seeds by adjusting the height of the furrowing plow support rod 402 and the covering device support rod 502 according to the different vegetable seeds being sown.

[0029] Furthermore, the active walking wheel 6 is composed of an active shaft 601, an anti-slip plate 602, an active sprocket 603, and a driven sprocket 604. There are two active walking wheels 6, which are respectively installed at both ends of the active shaft 601 and fixed to the right end of the crossbeam 101 of the frame 1 via the active shaft 601. The active shaft 601 is equipped with an active sprocket 603 and a driven sprocket 604. The active sprocket 603 is connected to the clutched motor sprocket 303 on the output shaft of the motor 301 via a chain, transmitting the power of the motor 301 to the active shaft 601. The driven sprocket 604 is connected to the intermediate sprocket a105 on the intermediate transmission shaft 104 via a chain, transmitting the power of the active shaft 601 to the intermediate transmission shaft 104. The active walking wheel 6 is equipped with an anti-slip plate 602 to ensure that the active walking wheel 6 does not slip when walking. Two driven wheels 7 are installed at both ends of the driven shaft 701 and fixed to the left end of the crossbeam 101 of the frame 1 via the driven shaft 701. The driving wheels 6 and driven wheels 7 have the same diameter, ranging from 0.8 meters to 1.2 meters, with the specific size determined according to the height of the greenhouse and the farmer's requirements. The height of the seeder does not need to be adjusted during use; the height of the frame from the ground is fixed, determined by the diameter of the driving and driven wheels. Farmers can choose the required size of the driving and driven wheels within the 0.8-1.2 meter range, based on the height of the workers, the height of their greenhouse, and the type of vegetable seeds being sown.

[0030] The sowing process of this seeder used in vegetable farmers' self-built greenhouses is as follows:

[0031] Before the seeder begins sowing, it is manually lifted to one end of the furrow to be sown. The seeds are placed into the hopper 201 of the sowing mechanism 2. The motor 301 of the motor transmission mechanism 3 is started, and the clutch motor sprocket 303 is engaged. The motor 301 drives the active travel wheel 6 and the driven travel wheel 7 to move, thus moving the seeder as a whole. This, in turn, drives the furrowing plow 403 to open furrows and the soil covering device 503 to cover the soil. While the furrowing plow 403 is opening furrows, the seed metering sprocket 203 is driven by the intermediate sprocket b106 and the chain to rotate, transporting the seeds in the hopper 201 to the seed metering device 202. The seeds in the seed metering device 202 are then transported through the seed metering pipe 204 to the sowing furrows opened by the furrowing plow 403. Finally, the soil covering device 503 covers the soil plowed out by the furrowing plow 403, thus completing the sowing process. Once one row of seeding is completed, the seeder is manually lifted to one end of another row that needs to be seeded, and the above process can be repeated to seed the other row.

[0032] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. The above examples do not limit the substantive content of the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications or variations made by those skilled in the art to the above specific embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model after reading this specification, as well as equivalent embodiments that may be changed or modified using the disclosed technical content, shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model and shall not depart from the essence and scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses, comprising a frame (1), a seeding mechanism (2), a motor transmission mechanism (3), a furrowing mechanism (4), a soil covering mechanism (5), active wheels (6), and driven wheels (7), wherein driven wheels (7) are mounted on both sides of the left end of the frame (1), and active wheels (6) are mounted on both sides of the right end of the frame (1), characterized in that: A sowing mechanism (2) is mounted on the frame (1) between the driven walking wheel (7) and the driving walking wheel (6). A soil covering mechanism (5) is mounted on the left frame (1) of the sowing mechanism (2). A furrowing mechanism (4) is mounted on the right frame (1) of the sowing mechanism (2). A motor transmission mechanism (3) is mounted on the frame (1) to the right of the furrowing mechanism (4). The motor transmission mechanism (3) is connected to the driving walking wheel (6) via a chain. The driving walking wheel (6) is connected to the sowing mechanism (2) via a chain and an intermediate transmission shaft (104).

2. The seeder for vegetable farmers' self-built greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (1) consists of a cross frame (101), a longitudinal frame (102), a motor mounting plate (103), an intermediate drive shaft (104), an intermediate sprocket a (105), and an intermediate sprocket b (106). There are two cross frames (101) and two longitudinal frames (102). The two longitudinal frames (102) are fixed in the middle of the two cross frames (101). The two ends of the two cross frames (101) are fixed on the driving wheel (6) and the driven wheel (7), respectively. The motor mounting plate (103) is installed above the middle of the two cross frames (101). The intermediate drive shaft (104) is installed below the motor mounting plate (103). The intermediate drive shaft (104) can rotate on the two cross frames (101). The intermediate drive shaft (104) is equipped with intermediate sprocket a (105) and intermediate sprocket b (106).

3. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seeding mechanism (2) consists of a hopper (201), a seed metering device (202), a seed metering sprocket (203), a seed metering pipe (204), and a mounting base (205). The hopper (201) and the seed metering device (202) are mounted on the mounting base (205). The seed metering device (202) is mounted below the hopper (201), the seed metering sprocket (203) is mounted on one side of the lower part of the hopper (201), and the seed metering pipe (204) is mounted below the seed metering device (202).

4. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor transmission mechanism (3) consists of a motor (301), a battery (302) and a clutched motor sprocket (303). The motor (301) and the battery (302) are mounted on a motor mounting plate (103). A clutched motor sprocket (303) is mounted on the output end of the motor. The clutched motor sprocket (303) can separate or engage with the output end of the motor through a clutch.

5. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditching mechanism (4) consists of a ditching plow fixing seat (401), a ditching plow support rod (402), and a ditching plow (403). The ditching plow support rod (402) is fixed on the mounting seat (205) through the ditching plow fixing seat (401). The ditching plow support rod (402) and the seed metering pipe (204) are on the same horizontal plane. The ditching plow (403) is installed at the lower end of the ditching plow support rod (402).

6. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The covering mechanism (5) consists of a covering device fixing seat (501), a covering device support rod (502), and a covering device (503). The covering device support rod (502) is fixed on the mounting base (205) through the covering device fixing seat (501). The covering device support rod (502) and the seeding pipe (204) are on the same horizontal plane. The covering device (503) is installed at the lower end of the covering device support rod (502).

7. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active walking wheel (6) consists of an active shaft (601), an anti-slip plate (602), an active sprocket (603), and a driven sprocket (604). There are two active walking wheels (6), which are respectively installed at both ends of the active shaft (601) and fixed to the right end of the cross frame (101) of the frame (1) through the active shaft (601). The active shaft (601) is equipped with an active sprocket (603) and a driven sprocket (604). The active sprocket (603) is connected to the clutched motor sprocket (303) on the output shaft of the motor (301) through a chain. The driven sprocket (604) is connected to the intermediate sprocket a (105) on the intermediate transmission shaft (104) through a chain. The active walking wheel (6) is equipped with an anti-slip plate (602).

8. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two driven wheels (7), which are respectively installed at both ends of the driven shaft (701) and fixed to the left end of the crossbar (101) of the frame (1) through the driven shaft (701).

9. A seeder for vegetable farmers building their own greenhouses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active walking wheel (6) and the driven walking wheel (7) have the same diameter, ranging from 0.8 meters to 1.2 meters.

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