Biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device, and particularly relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis, the biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device comprises a reaction furnace and a heating device, the top of the reaction furnace is provided with a feed port and a gas inlet, and the bottom of the reaction furnace is provided with a discharge port and a gas outlet; a plurality of layers of sealing drawing plates which can slide along the reaction furnace and can be drawn out are arranged on one side surface of the reaction furnace, the sealing drawing plates are used for placing ore catalysts, and the heating device is connected with the reaction furnace and is used for heating the reaction furnace. The deactivated catalyst can be conveniently and quickly replaced, the reaction stability is improved, and the reaction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass pyrolysis technology, and in particular to a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass pyrolysis technology, as an important pathway for renewable resource conversion, has significant application value in the field of straw resource utilization. Traditional pyrolysis processes, while primarily producing biochar under high-temperature carrier gas conditions, also generate a large amount of complex pyrolysis gaseous products, including tar-like substances and combustible components that are difficult to utilize directly. Existing pyrolysis equipment systems generally lack a pyrolysis gas treatment stage, resulting in low utilization rates of gaseous products and the risk of secondary pollution. This has become a key bottleneck restricting the industrialization of biomass pyrolysis technology.

[0003] Catalytic cracking technology has demonstrated significant advantages in addressing the challenge of efficient conversion of pyrolysis gas. Studies have shown that mineral catalysts can effectively achieve the directional conversion of tar components into clean fuels such as methane and hydrogen. Calcined dolomite is a preferred material due to its unique physicochemical properties: its main components, CaCO3 and MgCO3, form a CaO-MgO acid-base complex after high-temperature calcination at 700-900℃, which can form polar activation sites on the surface, exhibiting excellent thermal stability and catalytic activity. Experimental data show that dolomite catalysts calcined at 900℃ for 4 hours can achieve a tar removal rate of 40%-85%, significantly better than similar materials such as magnesite (30-75%) and olivine (25-60%). This in-situ activation characteristic gives it both economic and environmental advantages, making it more suitable for industrial applications than precious metal catalysts.

[0004] Existing catalytic cracking units generally face technical defects during continuous operation, such as difficulty in replacing deactivated catalysts and instability of reaction interfaces. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, enabling convenient and quick replacement of deactivated catalysts, improving reaction stability, and increasing reaction efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0007] This utility model provides a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device, including a reactor and a heating device. The top of the reactor has a feed inlet and a gas inlet, and the bottom of the reactor has a discharge outlet and a gas outlet. One side of the reactor is provided with multiple layers of sealed pull-out plates that can slide along the reactor and be pulled out. The sealed pull-out plates are used to place mineral catalysts. The heating device is connected to the reactor and is used to heat the reactor.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a hopper, which is connected and communicates with the feed inlet, and a gate is provided between the hopper and the feed inlet to control the opening or closing of the feed inlet.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the reactor is provided with multiple pull-out openings, the sealing pull-out plate includes a pull-out plate and a sealing plate, one end of the pull-out plate is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the pull-out plate is inserted into the pull-out opening, and the sealing plate can be sealed to the pull-out opening.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing ring is provided on the side of the sealing plate near the pull-out plate.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing plate is provided with a handle on the side away from the pull-out plate.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-layered sealing pull-out plates divide the reactor into multiple chambers, each of which is provided with an observation window.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom surface of the reactor is an inclined bottom surface, and the discharge port is provided on the side wall connected to the lowest end of the inclined bottom surface.

[0014] Preferably, the air outlet is connected to the inclined bottom surface, a filter screen is provided on the inclined bottom surface, and the air outlet is located below the filter screen.

[0015] Preferably, the reactor is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

[0016] Preferably, the outer side of the reactor is wrapped with an aluminum silicate cotton insulation layer.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0018] This invention provides a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device. The reactor has multiple layers of sealed pull-out plates on its side. By pushing the plates in sequentially from bottom to top, the amount of ore-based catalyst can be increased layer by layer within the reactor. Each layer of the sealed pull-out plates operates independently, allowing for flexible adjustment of the catalyst dosage to meet the needs of different pyrolysis gas scales. Furthermore, the catalyst on each layer forms an independent micro-reaction zone. Gas passing through the multiple catalyst beds sequentially extends the residence time and improves reaction efficiency. When the ore-based catalyst is deactivated, the sealed pull-out plates are pulled out sequentially from bottom to top. The deactivated catalyst slides naturally to the bottom of the reactor as the plates move, and is finally discharged through the bottom outlet. By dispersing the total catalyst weight in layers, the catalyst load of each layer is controlled within a single person's operational range, significantly reducing the material load per loading and unloading operation. A single person can complete the extraction of the sealed pull-out plates, improving operational efficiency and reducing labor costs. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device.

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Reaction furnace; 2-Heating device; 3-Feed inlet; 4-Gas inlet; 5-Discharge outlet; 6-Gas outlet; 7-Sealing pull-out plate; 8-Feed hopper; 9-Handle; 10-Observation window; 11-Gate. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, enabling convenient and quick replacement of deactivated catalysts, improving reaction stability, and increasing reaction efficiency.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] This utility model provides a biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device, such as... Figure 1As shown, the reactor includes a reactor 1 and a heating device 2. The top of the reactor 1 is provided with a feed inlet 3 and an air inlet 4, and the bottom of the reactor 1 is provided with a discharge outlet 5 and an air outlet 6. One side of the reactor 1 is provided with multiple layers of sealed pull-out plates 7 that can slide along the reactor 1 and be pulled out. The sealed pull-out plates 7 are used to place mineral catalysts. The heating device 2 is connected to the reactor 1 and is used to heat the reactor 1. The side of the reactor 1 is equipped with multiple layers of sealed pull-out plates 7. When the required filler is needed based on the pyrolysis gas throughput, a mineral catalyst (such as dolomite) is added through the feed inlet 3. Simultaneously, the sealed pull-out plates 7 are pushed in sequentially from bottom to top. After the next layer of sealed pull-out plates 7 is filled with an appropriate amount, the next layer is pushed in, until a sufficient amount of mineral catalyst is filled. The amount of mineral catalyst is increased layer by layer within the reactor 1. Each layer of sealed pull-out plates 7 operates independently, allowing for flexible adjustment of the catalyst dosage to meet the needs of different scales of pyrolysis gas. Furthermore, the catalyst on each layer of sealed pull-out plates 7 forms an independent micro-reaction zone. As the gas passes through the multiple catalyst beds sequentially, the residence time is extended, enhancing the reaction efficiency. Efficiency: After the ore-based catalyst is filled, the feed inlet 3 is closed, and pyrolysis gas is introduced through the gas inlet 4. The heating device 2 is turned on to catalytically crack the pyrolysis gas entering the reactor 1. After the catalytic cracking is completed, the sealing pull plate 7 is pulled out sequentially from bottom to top. The deactivated catalyst slides naturally to the bottom of the reactor 1 as the pull plate moves, and is finally discharged through the bottom outlet 5. Because the ore-based catalyst (such as dolomite) has a high density and weight, by dispersing the total catalyst weight in layers, the catalyst load of each layer is controlled within the range that can be operated by a single person, which significantly reduces the material load of a single loading and unloading. A single person can complete the action of pulling out the sealing pull plate 7, improving work efficiency and reducing labor costs. Catalyst input and recovery are operated through the pull plate, which does not require complex equipment, requires less manual intervention, and is suitable for continuous production. In a further preferred embodiment, the pyrolysis gas output pipe inside the biomass pyrolysis furnace is connected to the gas inlet 4, achieving a seamless connection with the high-temperature gas outlet of the main pyrolysis process. The high-calorific-value gas generated by the cracking and reforming of the pyrolysis gas flows out from the lower gas outlet 6. The gas outlet 6 is connected to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis furnace through the gas outlet pipe for combustion. Most of the high-calorific-value flue gas generated provides heat to the pyrolysis furnace through the furnace wall or heat carrier, while a small portion of the pyrolysis gas enters a gas turbine or gas internal combustion engine to generate electricity, realizing the secondary utilization of the pyrolysis gas and achieving resource recycling. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, has low cost, and can be easily connected and used on various pyrolysis equipment.

[0026] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device also includes a feed hopper 8, which is connected and communicates with the feed inlet 3. A gate 11 is provided between the feed hopper 8 and the feed inlet 3 to control the opening or closing of the feed inlet 3. When it is necessary to add mineral catalyst, the gate 11 is opened. After the addition is completed, the gate 11 is closed to ensure the airtightness of the pyrolysis gas catalytic reaction.

[0027] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the side of the reactor 1 is provided with multiple pull-out openings, and the sealing pull-out plate 7 includes a pull-out plate and a sealing plate. One end of the pull-out plate is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, the pull-out plate is inserted into the pull-out opening, the sealing plate can be sealed to the pull-out opening, and a sealing ring is provided on the side of the sealing plate near the pull-out plate. The sealing ring can prevent the leakage of pyrolysis gas and reduce the risk of secondary pollution.

[0028] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, a handle 9 is provided on the side of the sealing plate away from the pull-out plate, which makes it easier to pull out and push in the pull-out plate.

[0029] In a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the multi-layer sealing pull-out plate 7 divides the reactor 1 into multiple chambers, each chamber having an observation window 10. The activity of the catalyst on the sealing pull-out plate 7 can be observed through the observation window 10. Since the pyrolysis gas flows from top to bottom, when the deactivation of the last layer of catalyst is observed, it proves that all the catalysts above have been deactivated. At this point, the sealing pull-out plate 7 can be sequentially removed from bottom to top, improving working efficiency and significantly reducing operating costs and time.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the bottom surface of the reactor 1 is an inclined bottom surface, and a discharge port 5 is provided on the side wall connected to the lowest end of the inclined bottom surface. The inclined bottom surface utilizes gravity to allow the deactivated catalyst to slide naturally down the incline to the lowest end, achieving efficient discharge without additional mechanical power and preventing the deactivated catalyst from accumulating or remaining at the bottom.

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment of this invention, the air outlet 6 is connected to the inclined bottom surface, and a filter screen is provided on the inclined bottom surface, with the air outlet 6 located below the filter screen. The filter screen is typically close to the inclined bottom surface or slightly higher than the lowest point, used to intercept mineral-based catalysts, ensuring that only gas is discharged through the air outlet 6.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the reactor 1 is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel, which can withstand temperatures up to 900°C, and the outside of the reactor 1 is wrapped with an aluminum silicate cotton insulation layer, which provides better insulation.

[0033] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic apparatus, characterized by: The reactor includes a reactor and a heating device. The top of the reactor has a feed inlet and a gas inlet, and the bottom of the reactor has a discharge outlet and a gas outlet. One side of the reactor is provided with multiple layers of sealed pull-out plates that can slide along the reactor and be pulled out. The sealed pull-out plates are used to place mineral catalysts. The heating device is connected to the reactor and is used to heat the reactor.

2. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a hopper, which is connected and communicates with the feed inlet, and a gate is provided between the hopper and the feed inlet to control the opening or closing of the feed inlet.

3. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the reactor is provided with multiple pull-out openings. The sealing pull-out plate includes a pull-out plate and a sealing plate. One end of the pull-out plate is fixedly connected to the sealing plate. The pull-out plate is inserted into the pull-out opening, and the sealing plate can be sealed to the pull-out opening.

4. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided on the side of the sealing plate near the pull-out plate.

5. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sealing plate is provided with a handle on the side away from the pull-out plate.

6. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layered sealing pull-out plates divide the reactor into multiple chambers, each of which has an observation window.

7. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the reactor is sloping, and the discharge port is provided on the side wall connected to the lowest end of the sloping bottom surface.

8. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air outlet is connected to the inclined bottom surface, and a filter screen is provided on the inclined bottom surface. The air outlet is located below the filter screen.

9. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor is made of high-temperature resistant stainless steel.

10. The biomass pyrolysis gas catalytic device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outside of the reactor is wrapped with an aluminum silicate cotton insulation layer.

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