A composite anti-clogging constructed wetland

Abstract

This application relates to the field of constructed wetland technology, and in particular to a composite anti-clogging constructed wetland, comprising a surface flow wetland, a first filtration zone, a subsurface flow wetland, a second filtration zone, and a vertical flow wetland. These wetlands are arranged sequentially from left to right. Floating plants are planted on the surface flow wetland, the first filtration zone, and the second filtration zone. Both the first and second filtration zones are filled with suspended packing balls. Limiting grid plates are installed above the suspended packing balls in both the first and second filtration zones. This invention effectively delays clogging in the packing zone of the subsurface flow wetland by setting a sedimentation and filtration unit before the subsurface flow wetland and by selecting suitable packing materials. The sedimentation and filtration unit is then set again at the effluent outlet of the subsurface flow wetland, effectively preventing clogging of the water distribution pipe, water collection pipe, and packing zone of the vertical flow wetland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of constructed wetland technology, and in particular to a composite anti-clogging constructed wetland. Background Technology

[0002] Constructed wetlands are water treatment facilities designed and built by humans to mimic the natural ecological wetland environment. They utilize the synergistic effects of aquatic plants, wetland fillers, and microorganisms to degrade pollutants in water. Through microbial decomposition, plant growth, root absorption, filler filtration, and natural oxidation, pollutants in the water are purified. Constructed wetlands can be widely used for treating domestic sewage, aquaculture drainage, agricultural runoff, initial rainwater, and other low-concentration wastewater.

[0003] Based on the different water inlet and outlet methods and water distribution methods, constructed wetlands are mainly divided into three types: surface flow constructed wetlands, vertical flow constructed wetlands, and horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands.

[0004] Surface flow constructed wetlands allow water to flow over their substrate, maintaining direct contact between the water surface and the air. They are characterized by simple design, low investment, stable treatment effect, and resistance to clogging. However, they also suffer from low treatment efficiency and large footprint.

[0005] In vertical flow constructed wetlands, the water flow is mainly vertical, that is, it passes through the packing bed from top to bottom (or from bottom to top). The use of distribution pipes and collection pipes ensures that the water flow is evenly distributed at the bottom of the outlet end and discharged from the system after passing through the packing. Vertical subsurface flow systems are highly efficient in removing nitrogen and phosphorus and have strong resistance to load shocks, but they have disadvantages such as relatively weak ability to remove organic matter, high equipment requirements, more complex operation process, easy clogging of distribution and collection pipes, and easy generation of odors.

[0006] In horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands, the water flow is mainly horizontal. As the wastewater flows horizontally from the inlet, it passes through sand, media, and plant roots in sequence, and flows to the outlet to achieve purification. Because the wastewater flows below the surface of the wetland bed, the sanitary conditions are good and there is no odor. This type of wetland system is highly efficient in removing organic matter and suspended solids (SS), but it has disadvantages such as relatively weak ability to remove nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), water flow is prone to short-circuiting, and the packing area is prone to clogging. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this application provides a composite anti-clogging constructed wetland.

[0008] This application provides a composite anti-clogging constructed wetland, employing the following technical solution: It includes a surface flow wetland, a first filtration zone, a subsurface flow wetland, a second filtration zone, and a vertical flow wetland, arranged sequentially from left to right. Floating plants are planted on the surface flow wetland, the first filtration zone, and the second filtration zone. Suspended packing balls are filled inside both the first and second filtration zones. Limiting grid plates are installed above the suspended packing balls in both the first and second filtration zones. Emergent plants are planted on both the subsurface flow wetland and the vertical flow wetland. A subsurface flow wetland distribution trough is provided between the first filtration zone and the subsurface flow wetland, and a vertical flow wetland distribution trough is provided between the second filtration zone and the vertical flow wetland. A vertical flow wetland collection trough is provided on one side of the vertical flow wetland.

[0009] Optionally, a surface flow wetland outlet is provided between the surface flow wetland and the first filtration zone, and outlets are provided between the first filtration zone and the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough, as well as between the second filtration zone and the vertical flow wetland distribution trough. The outlets are equipped with grids. A subsurface flow wetland inlet is provided between the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough and the subsurface flow wetland, and a subsurface flow wetland outlet is provided between the subsurface flow wetland and the second filtration zone.

[0010] Optionally, prefabricated covers are installed on the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough, the vertical flow wetland distribution trough, and the vertical flow wetland collection trough.

[0011] Optionally, the subsurface flow wetland is filled with subsurface flow wetland filler, and the vertical flow wetland is filled with vertical flow wetland filler.

[0012] Optionally, an inlet pipe is provided on one side of the surface flow wetland, and an outlet pipe is provided on one side of the vertical flow wetland water collection trough.

[0013] Optionally, a perforated water collection pipe is provided below the vertical flow wetland filler, and a perforated water distribution pipe is provided above the vertical flow wetland filler.

[0014] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0015] This invention effectively delays clogging of the subsurface flow wetland's filler zone by installing sedimentation and filtration units at the front end of the subsurface flow wetland and by selecting suitable filler materials for the subsurface flow wetland.

[0016] This utility model incorporates sedimentation and filtration units at the outlet of subsurface flow wetlands, effectively preventing blockages in the water distribution pipes, collection pipes, and filler areas of vertical flow wetlands.

[0017] This invention organically combines surface flow wetlands, subsurface flow wetlands, and vertical flow wetlands, achieving a good balance in terms of land area, investment cost, treatment effect, and long-term operational stability.

[0018] This invention is easy to clean and simple to maintain, which is conducive to the long-term operation of constructed wetlands. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Inlet pipe; 2. Surface flow wetland; 3. Floating plants; 4. Surface flow wetland outlet; 5. First filtration zone; 6. Suspended packing ball; 7. Limiting grid plate; 8. Outlet; 9. Subsurface flow wetland distribution trough; 10. Subsurface flow wetland inlet; 11. Precast cover plate; 12. Subsurface flow wetland; 13. Subsurface flow wetland packing; 14. Subsurface flow wetland outlet; 15. Emergent plants; 16. Second filtration zone; 17. Vertical flow wetland distribution trough; 18. Vertical flow wetland; 19. Perforated distribution pipe; 20. Vertical flow wetland packing; 21. Perforated collection pipe; 22. Vertical flow wetland collection trough; 23. Outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail.

[0022] This application discloses a composite anti-clogging constructed wetland, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the wetland includes a surface flow wetland 2, a first filtration zone 5, a subsurface flow wetland 12, a second filtration zone 16, and a vertical flow wetland 18. A surface flow wetland outlet 4 is provided between the surface flow wetland 2 and the first filtration zone 5 to facilitate water flow. Outlets 8 are provided between the first filtration zone 5 and the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough 9, and between the second filtration zone 16 and the vertical flow wetland distribution trough 17. The outlets 8 have internal meshes to facilitate water flow and prevent clogging. A subsurface flow wetland inlet 10 is provided between the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough 9 and the subsurface flow wetland 12. A subsurface flow wetland outlet 14 is provided between the subsurface flow wetland 12 and the second filtration zone 16. An inlet pipe 1 is provided on one side of the surface flow wetland 2 to facilitate water intake. An outlet pipe 23 is provided on one side of the vertical flow wetland collection trough 22 to facilitate drainage.

[0023] Please see Figure 1The vertical flow wetland 18 is located below the vertical flow wetland packing material 20 and is equipped with a perforated water collection pipe 21. The vertical flow wetland 18 is located above the vertical flow wetland packing material 20 and is equipped with a perforated water distribution pipe 19. The second filtration zone 16 is mainly used to further settle and filter the suspended solids in the subsurface flow wetland outlet 14, reduce the suspended solids in the wastewater, and improve the water quality of the next stage vertical flow wetland 18. The perforated water distribution pipe 19, the perforated water collection pipe 21, and the packing material are blocked. It also has a certain effect on the removal of organic matter. The surface flow wetland 2, the first filtration zone 5, the subsurface flow wetland 12, the second filtration zone 16, and the vertical flow wetland 18 are arranged from left to right. Floating plants 3 are planted on the surface flow wetland 2, the first filtration zone 5, and the second filtration zone 16. The first filtration zone 5 and the second filtration zone 16 are filled with suspended packing balls 6. The first filtration zone 5 and the second filtration zone 16 are equipped with a perforated water distribution pipe 19 above the suspended packing balls 6. The surface flow wetland 2, with its limited-position grid plate 7, primarily performs preliminary sedimentation of wastewater, reducing suspended solids and also playing a role in removing organic matter. The first filtration zone 5 further settles and filters suspended solids in the wastewater, reducing them and improving the water quality of the next-stage subsurface flow wetland 12, thus delaying clogging of the packing area. It also plays a role in removing organic matter. Emergent plants 15 are planted on both the subsurface flow wetland 12 and the vertical flow wetland 18, allowing them to float on the water surface. A subsurface flow wetland distribution trough 9 is provided between the first filtration zone 5 and the subsurface flow wetland 12. A vertical flow wetland distribution trough 17 is provided between the second filtration zone 16 and the vertical flow wetland 18. A vertical flow wetland collection trough 22 is provided on one side of the vertical flow wetland 18. The vertical flow wetland 18 primarily removes organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from the wastewater, and also has a certain removal effect on suspended solids.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 Prefabricated covers 11 are installed on the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough 9, the vertical flow wetland distribution trough 17, and the vertical flow wetland collection trough 22. The subsurface flow wetland 12 is filled with subsurface flow wetland filler 13, and the vertical flow wetland 18 is filled with vertical flow wetland filler 20.

[0025] The implementation principle of a composite anti-clogging constructed wetland in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0026] ① First stage: Surface flow wetland 2 mainly performs preliminary sedimentation of wastewater, reducing suspended solids in the wastewater, and also plays a certain role in the removal of organic matter.

[0027] ② Second stage: The first filtration zone 5 mainly further settles and filters suspended solids in the wastewater, reduces suspended solids in the wastewater, improves the water quality of the next stage subsurface flow wetland 12, and delays the clogging of the packing zone; it also has a certain effect on the removal of organic matter.

[0028] ③ The third stage: Subsurface flow wetland 12 mainly removes organic matter from wastewater, and also has a certain removal effect on suspended solids, nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater.

[0029] ④ Fourth stage: The second filtration zone 16 mainly further settles and filters suspended solids in the subsurface flow wetland outlet 14, reduces suspended solids in wastewater, improves the water quality of the next stage vertical flow wetland 18, and prevents blockage of perforated water distribution pipe 19, perforated water collection pipe 21 and packing material; it also has a certain effect on the removal of organic matter.

[0030] ⑤ Fifth stage: Vertical flow wetland 18 mainly removes organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from wastewater, and also has a certain removal effect on suspended solids in wastewater.

[0031] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A composite anti-clogging constructed wetland, comprising a surface flow wetland (2), a first filtration zone (5), a subsurface flow wetland (12), a second filtration zone (16), and a vertical flow wetland (18), characterized in that: The surface flow wetland (2), the first filtration zone (5), the subsurface flow wetland (12), the second filtration zone (16), and the vertical flow wetland (18) are arranged from left to right. Floating plants (3) are planted on the surface flow wetland (2), the first filtration zone (5), and the second filtration zone (16). The first filtration zone (5) and the second filtration zone (16) are filled with suspended packing balls (6). Limiting grid plates (7) are set above the suspended packing balls (6) in the first filtration zone (5) and the second filtration zone (16). Emergent plants (15) are planted on the subsurface flow wetland (12) and the vertical flow wetland (18). A subsurface flow wetland water distribution trough (9) is set between the first filtration zone (5) and the subsurface flow wetland (12). A vertical flow wetland water distribution trough (17) is set between the second filtration zone (16) and the vertical flow wetland (18). A vertical flow wetland water collection trough (22) is set on one side of the vertical flow wetland (18).

2. The composite anti-clogging constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: A surface flow wetland outlet (4) is provided between the surface flow wetland (2) and the first filtration zone (5). An outlet (8) is provided between the first filtration zone (5) and the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough (9), as well as between the second filtration zone (16) and the vertical flow wetland distribution trough (17). A grid is provided inside the outlet (8). A subsurface flow wetland inlet (10) is provided between the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough (9) and the subsurface flow wetland (12). A subsurface flow wetland outlet (14) is provided between the subsurface flow wetland (12) and the second filtration zone (16).

3. The composite anti-clogging constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: Prefabricated covers (11) are installed on the subsurface flow wetland distribution trough (9), the vertical flow wetland distribution trough (17), and the vertical flow wetland collection trough (22).

4. The composite anti-clogging constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The subsurface flow wetland (12) is filled with subsurface flow wetland filler (13), and the vertical flow wetland (18) is filled with vertical flow wetland filler (20).

5. A composite anti-clogging constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface flow wetland (2) is provided with an inlet pipe (1) on one side, and the vertical flow wetland collection trough (22) is provided with an outlet pipe (23) on one side.

6. A composite anti-clogging constructed wetland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical flow wetland (18) is provided with a perforated water collection pipe (21) below the vertical flow wetland filler (20), and the vertical flow wetland (18) is provided with a perforated water distribution pipe (19) above the vertical flow wetland filler (20).

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