A blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of downhole tools for oil drilling and production, and specifically relates to a blowout preventer (BOP) setting and well washing device for live operations. To address the technical problem that existing BOP setting and well washing devices cannot achieve high-volume well washing, this utility model discloses a BOP setting and well washing device for live operations, including a cylinder, a check valve assembly, an upper connector, and a pressure ball seat fixed to the upper connector by a shear pin. The pressure ball seat is located above the check valve assembly, and there is a space between them to accommodate the pressure ball seat after the shear pin is sheared. By setting the pressure level of the shear pin, this utility model enables the BOP setting and well washing device for live operations to achieve both BOP prevention and packer setting functions, as well as high-volume, high-efficiency well washing functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a blowout prevention and well washing device for pressurized operations, belonging to the technical field of downhole tools for oil drilling and production. Background Technology

[0002] Live-line operations in oil, gas, and water wells have seen rapid development in recent years. This refers to downhole operations performed under pressure at the wellhead of oil, gas, or water wells, including running and pulling tubing, wellbore repairs, and production enhancement measures. This effectively reduces formation contamination from kill fluids and protects the oil reservoir. Live-line operations involve sealing the annulus with specialized equipment and installing plugging tools such as plugs inside the tubing to achieve pressure control throughout the wellbore, thus completing the live-line operations. Commonly used tubing plugs need to be inserted into the tubing cavity and can only seal the tubing above the downhole tools, leading to problems such as complex operation, tubing damage, and inability to seal all downhole tubing strings.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, specialized sealing tools have been designed, employing an anti-overflow ball seat at the end of the tubing to achieve the sealing function. For instance, Chinese utility model patent CN208203219U discloses an internal anti-spray ball seat, comprising upper and lower ball seats and a valve ball. The valve ball is placed within a movable valve cavity enclosed by the upper and lower ball seats. The lower ball seat includes an outer sleeve and a central short section disposed within the outer sleeve. The upper opening of the central short section has a lower sealing mating surface adapted to the valve ball. An annular space exists between the outer sleeve and the central short section, within which a spring return structure is provided for pressing the valve ball against the upper sealing mating surface. When the tubing string is being run, the valve ball is supported by a spring-return structure and tightly engages with the upper ball seat, thus preventing bottomhole fluid from ejecting from the tubing string. When the packer needs to be set, high-pressure fluid is injected into the upper tubing string, and the valve ball and spring-return structure move downwards together until the valve ball tightly engages with the central sub, sealing the central sub, and the packer on the tubing string is set by pressure at the wellhead. When well washing is required, a certain pressure is applied to the upper tubing string, placing the valve ball between the sealing cone surface of the upper ball seat and the central sub, at which point well washing can be performed. However, the internal blowout preventer ball seat disclosed in this utility model can only achieve small-volume well washing. If the volume is high, the valve ball will set on the lower ball seat, blocking the well washing channel and making well washing impossible. If a large-volume well washing is desired, the internal blowout preventer ball seat needs to be lifted several kilometers to the surface via the tubing string, replaced with a special well washing device, and then lowered back into the well, which is costly, complex, and inefficient. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations, so as to solve the technical problem that existing blowout preventer setting and well washing devices cannot achieve large-volume well washing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations, including a cylinder, an upper connector that is detachably connected to or integrally formed with the upper end of the cylinder, and a one-way valve assembly disposed in the flow channel of the cylinder and can only be opened in one direction from top to bottom. The upper connector or the inner cavity of the cylinder can be disconnected from the pressure ball seat by a shear pin. The outer diameter of the pressure ball seat is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder located below the pressure ball seat. After the ball is dropped, the flow channel at the lower part of the pressure ball seat is closed, and the pressure buildup can be used to set the packer on the upper tubing string. After the pressure is increased and the shear pin is sheared, the pressure ball seat falls down, forming a well washing channel that is connected vertically by the upper tubing string, the pressure ball seat and the cylinder, the central channel of the one-way valve assembly in the cylinder, and the lower tubing string.

[0006] Furthermore, the single-flow valve assembly includes a blowout preventer, a blowout preventer ball, and an elastic element arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the cylinder flow channel; the blowout preventer includes a valve seat and a valve cover extending upward from the top of the valve seat, the outer diameter of the valve cover being smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder to form a flow channel connecting the central channel of the cylinder between the outer wall of the valve cover and the inner wall of the cylinder, the blowout preventer being mounted on the cylinder by its valve seat limiting assembly, and a sealing mating surface adapted to the blowout preventer ball being provided at the bottom opening of the valve seat; the elastic element presses the blowout preventer ball against the sealing mating surface to achieve setting, and the end of the elastic element away from the blowout preventer ball abuts against the support step at the bottom of the cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, the valve cover is a rotating body structure, and the longitudinal section of the rotating body structure is an inverted U-shape or inverted V-shape with the opening facing downwards. Flow holes are provided on the top and side walls of the valve cover to allow fluid to pass through. The cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder connected to the lower end of the upper cylinder by an external thread. The upper cylinder has a first boss protruding radially inwards. When the lower cylinder is threaded onto the upper cylinder, the top of the lower cylinder abuts against the lower end face of the first boss. The lower cylinder is provided with a first stepped surface that stops and limits the bottom of the valve seat. The valve seat is provided with a second stepped surface that matches the lower end face of the first boss, so that the valve seat is stopped and limited between the first boss and the first stepped surface.

[0008] Furthermore, the elastic element is a spring, and a support ring is provided between the blowout ball and the spring. The support ring includes an annular base and a first central short section extending downward from the annular base. The outer diameter of the first central short section is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular base to form a stepped surface at the contact point between the two. The spring is sleeved on the first central short section and abuts against the stepped surface. The outer ring body of the annular base has longitudinal flow grooves evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0009] Furthermore, a guide head is connected to the bottom of the cylinder. The guide head includes an annular base and a second central short section that protrudes upward from the center of the annular base. The central through hole of the second central short section extends upward through the annular base. An internal thread section for sealing thread connection with the external thread of the cylinder extends upward from the outer edge of the annular base. An annular space for accommodating a spring is formed between the second central short section and the internal thread section. The spring abuts against the annular base corresponding to the annular space. This part of the annular base constitutes the support step. A longitudinally extending through hole is opened on the annular base corresponding to the annular space. The lower outer surface of the annular base has an inverted trapezoidal structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the through holes on the annular base corresponding to the annular space portion are evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper connector is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder via an external thread, and the inner wall of the upper connector is provided with an internal thread for sealing connection with the oil pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a sealing ring is provided between the upper connector and the inner wall of the cylinder, a sealing ring is provided between the upper connector and the pressure ball seat, and a sealing ring is provided between the blowout preventer and the cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper connector is provided with a through hole in the radial direction, and the outer wall of the pressure ball seat is provided with a corresponding number of grooves. The shear pin passes through the through hole and enters the groove on the pressure ball seat to fix the pressure ball seat and the upper connector.

[0014] Furthermore, a pressure ball seat support frame is fixed on the cylinder below the pressure ball seat, and when the pressure ball seat falls on the pressure ball seat support frame, the pressure ball seat support frame can allow fluid to pass through.

[0015] Beneficial effects: This utility model is an improved invention. It achieves blowout prevention through a one-way valve assembly. When the packer needs to be set, the ball is dropped into the tubing. Under the action of gravity, the ball sets on the pressure ball seat, sealing the blowout prevention setting and well washing device. The shearing force that the shear pin can withstand is greater than the pressure required to set the packer. Therefore, the packer on the tubing string can be set by pressurizing at the wellhead. After the packer is set, the pressure continues to increase. The pressure continues to act on the pressure ball seat, pushing the pressure ball seat downward to shear the shear pin. The pressure ball seat falls above the blowout preventer seat. The pressure continues to act on the one-way valve assembly. The pressure on the upper tubing string can be relieved by pushing the blowout preventer ball away from the blowout preventer seat, thus balancing the annular pressure of the tubing and casing. When well washing is required, simply pressurize and open the blowout preventer ball to achieve a large-volume well washing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blowout preventer seat of the pressurized well washing device for pressurized operations according to this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring of the blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom of the blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to this utility model.

[0020] The components are: 1. Upper connector, 2. Ball thrower, 3. Pressurizing ball seat, 4. Shear pin, 5. Upper cylinder, 6. Blowout preventer, 7. Blowout preventer ball, 8. Support ring, 9. Spring, 10. Lower cylinder, 11. Cylinder bottom. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To address the problems in the background technology, the core inventive concept of this utility model is: by setting the pressure level of the shear pin, the blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations of this utility model can not only achieve the blowout preventer function, but also take into account the setting function of the tubing packer and the high-volume, high-efficiency well washing function.

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments of the blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the blowout preventer (BOP) setting and well washing device for pressurized operations of this utility model includes an upper connector 1, a pressure ball seat 3, a shear pin 4, an upper cylinder 5, a BOP seat 6, a BOP ball 7, a support ring 8, a spring 9, a lower cylinder 10, and a cylinder bottom 11. The upper connector 1 is threaded to the upper end of the upper cylinder 5 via an external thread, the lower cylinder 10 is threaded to the lower end of the upper cylinder 5 via an external thread, and the cylinder bottom 11 is threaded to the lower end of the lower cylinder 10 via an internal thread.

[0024] The upper connector 1 is located on the lower inner wall of the upper cylinder cavity and is fixedly connected to the pressure ball seat 3 by shear pins 4. The lower end of the upper connector 1 has multiple through holes radially upward. The outer wall of the pressure ball seat 3 has a corresponding number of grooves. Multiple shear pins 4 pass through the through holes and enter the grooves on the pressure ball seat 3 to fix the pressure ball seat 3 to the upper connector 1. The bottom of the pressure ball seat 3 is flush with the bottom of the upper connector 1. The shear pins 4 can withstand a shearing force greater than the pressure required to set the packer. By setting shear pins 4 with specific pressure levels, when the packer needs to be set, the pressure ball seat 3 can be plugged by throwing a ball. The pressure can be used to set the packer on the upper tubing string. Then, the pressure can be increased to shear the shear pins 4 and cause the pressure ball seat 3 to fall down and release the plugging. This forms a well washing channel that runs through the upper tubing string, the pressure ball seat 3 and the cylinder annulus, the central channel of the single-flow valve assembly in the cylinder, and the lower tubing string, which facilitates large-volume well washing.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the blowout preventer 6 is located below the pressure ball seat 3. The blowout preventer 6 includes a valve seat and a valve cover that extends upward from the top of the valve seat. The bottom opening of the valve seat is provided with a sealing mating surface that is compatible with the blowout preventer ball 7. The valve cover is a rotating body structure. The longitudinal section of the rotating body structure is an inverted U-shape with the opening facing downward. There are flow holes on the top and side walls of the valve cover. There are two flow holes on the side walls, and the two flow holes are symmetrically arranged. The flow holes on the side walls increase the fluid flow area, which is convenient for large-volume well flushing. When the pressure is blocked, the fluid pushes open the blowout preventer ball 7 that is seated on the blowout preventer 6 and connects the flow channels of the upper and lower cylinders of the single-flow valve assembly to form a well flushing channel that runs through the upper and lower parts. The upper cylinder 5 has a first boss protruding radially inward. When the lower cylinder 10 is threaded onto the upper cylinder 5, the top of the lower cylinder 10 abuts against the lower end face of the first boss. The lower cylinder 10 is provided with a first stepped surface that stops and limits the bottom of the valve seat. The valve seat is provided with a second stepped surface that matches the lower end face of the first boss, so that the valve seat is stopped and limited between the first boss and the first stepped surface. The blowout preventer is installed by stopping and limiting, which is convenient for installation and easy for later replacement and maintenance.

[0026] There is a receiving space between the blowout preventer 6 and the pressure ball seat 3 to accommodate the pressure ball seat 3 after the shear pin 4 is sheared. The outer diameter of the pressure ball seat 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the corresponding part of the cylinder. When the shear pin 4 is sheared, the pressure ball seat 3 falls on the blowout preventer 6, and a flow channel is formed between the pressure ball seat 3 and the cylinder, which can perform large-volume well washing operations. The fluid flows from top to bottom through the inner cavity of the upper connector 1, the inner cavity of the upper cylinder 5, and the inner cavity of the blowout preventer 6. Then the fluid pressure acts on the blowout preventer ball 7, pushes the blowout preventer ball 7 away, and the fluid continues to flow downward.

[0027] The elastic element is spring 9, which presses the blowout preventer ball 7 against the sealing mating surface to achieve setting. The end of spring 9 away from the blowout preventer ball 7 abuts against the bottom of the cylinder 11. The outer diameter of the valve cover is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper cylinder 5 to form a flow passage between the outer wall of the valve cover and the inner wall of the upper cylinder. A flow hole is opened on the side wall of the valve cover so that fluid can pass through when the pressure ball seat 3 is located in the receiving cavity.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a support ring 8 is provided between the blowout preventer ball 7 and the spring 9. The support ring 8 includes an annular base and a first central short section that protrudes downward from the annular base. A through hole is provided in the middle of the annular base. The hole wall forms a support structure for supporting the blowout preventer ball 7. The outer diameter of the first central short section is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular base so as to form a stepped surface at the contact point between the two. The spring 9 is sleeved on the first central short section and abuts against the stepped surface. Longitudinal flow grooves are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer surface of the annular base.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the cylinder 11 includes an annular base and a second central short section extending upward from the center of the annular base. The central through hole of the second central short section extends upward through the annular base. An internal thread section extends upward from the outer edge of the annular base for sealing threaded connection with the external thread of the lower cylinder 10. An annular space for accommodating the spring 9 is formed between the second central short section and the internal thread section. The spring 9 abuts against the annular base corresponding to the annular space. This part of the annular base constitutes the supporting step. A longitudinally extending through hole is opened on the annular base corresponding to the annular space. The lower outer surface of the annular base has an inverted trapezoidal structure. The through holes opened on the annular base corresponding to the annular space are evenly distributed circumferentially.

[0030] A sealing ring is provided between the upper connector 1 and the inner wall of the upper cylinder 5, a sealing ring is provided between the upper connector 1 and the pressure ball seat 3, and a sealing ring is provided between the blowout preventer 6 and the upper cylinder 5 and the lower cylinder 10.

[0031] In use, the blowout preventer setting and washing device for pressurized operations of this utility model is connected to the end of the tubing string. The ball 2 is deployed after the tubing string is lowered into position. During the lowering and lowering of the tubing string, the blowout preventer ball 7 is pressed and sealed against the sealing cone surface of the blowout preventer seat 6 by the installation preload of the spring 9, isolating the liquid below the tubing string and thus preventing blowout. When the tubing string is lowered into position and hydraulic setting of the packer is required, the ball 2 is deployed. The ball 2 sits on the pressure ball seat 3. After the wellhead pressure sets the packer on the tubing string, the pressure continues to act on the pressure ball seat 3, pushing it downwards to shear the shear pin 4. The pressure ball seat 3 falls above the blowout preventer seat 6, and the wellhead pressure sets the packer on the tubing string. Afterwards, the pressure continues to act on the pressure ball seat 3, pushing it downwards to shear the shear pin 4. The ball seat 3 rests above the blowout preventer 6, and the pressure continues to act on the check valve assembly. The pressure on the upper tubing string can be relieved by pushing the blowout preventer ball 7 away from the blowout preventer 6, thus balancing the pressure in the annulus. When well washing is required, well washing fluid is injected into the tubing. The well washing fluid enters the inner cavity of the upper connector 1 and the upper outer cylinder 5, and enters the inner cavity of the blowout preventer 6 through the flow hole provided on the blowout preventer 6. It acts on the blowout preventer ball 7, pushing the blowout preventer ball 7 downward after overcoming the preload of the spring 9. The blowout preventer ball 7 disengages from the sealing cone surface of the blowout preventer 6, and the fluid flows through the inner cavity of the blowout preventer 6 and into the inner cavity of the lower outer cylinder 10. It then enters the annulus through the through hole at the bottom of the cylinder 11, achieving high-volume well washing.

[0032] In the above embodiments, no support structure is provided in the accommodating space, and the pressure ball seat 3 falls directly onto the blowout preventer 6 after it falls. However, in other embodiments, a pressure ball seat support frame is fixed on the cylinder corresponding to the accommodating space. When the pressure ball seat 3 falls, it will fall onto the pressure ball seat support frame and be blocked. The pressure ball seat support frame has a number of through holes, so even if the pressure ball seat 3 falls onto the pressure ball seat support frame, the well washing fluid can still pass through.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the pressure ball seat 3 is installed on the upper connector 1. In other embodiments, the pressure ball seat 3 is directly installed on the inner wall of the upper cylinder 5 through the shear pin 4. In this case, the upper cylinder 5 is a variable diameter cylinder, and the inner diameter of the cylinder section used to install the pressure ball seat 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder section below the pressure ball seat 3, so that after the pressure ball seat 3 falls, an annulus is formed between it and the inner wall of the lower cylinder for the well washing fluid to flow through.

[0034] In the above embodiments, the upper connector 1 is threadedly connected to the upper cylinder 5, while in other embodiments, the upper connector 1 and the upper cylinder 5 are integrally formed.

[0035] In the above embodiments, the blowout preventer 6 is threadedly connected to the upper cylinder 5, while in other embodiments, the blowout preventer 6 is welded to the inner wall surface of the upper cylinder 5.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the longitudinal section of the rotating body structure is an inverted U-shape with the opening facing downwards, while in other embodiments, the longitudinal section of the rotating body structure is an inverted V-shape with the opening facing downwards.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the cross-section of the longitudinal flow channel is rectangular, while in other embodiments, the cross-section of the longitudinal flow channel is triangular, trapezoidal or other polygonal structures.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments without creative effort, or make equivalent substitutions for some technical features, or organically combine different types of specific implementation methods to create the specific implementation methods shown in the accompanying drawings. Of course, those skilled in the art can also create other specific implementation methods not shown in the accompanying drawings. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations, comprising a cylinder, an upper connector detachably connected to or integrally formed with the upper end of the cylinder, and a one-way valve assembly disposed in the flow channel of the cylinder and openable only from top to bottom, characterized in that: The upper connector or the inner cavity of the cylinder can be disconnected from the pressure ball seat by a shear pin. The outer diameter of the pressure ball seat is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder located below the pressure ball seat. After the ball is dropped, the flow passage at the bottom of the pressure ball seat is closed. The pressure buildup can be used to set the packer on the upper tubing string. After the pressure is increased and the shear pin is cut off, the pressure ball seat falls down, forming a well washing channel that runs through the upper tubing string, the annulus between the pressure ball seat and the cylinder, the central channel of the single-flow valve assembly inside the cylinder, and the lower tubing string.

2. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-flow valve assembly includes a blowout preventer, a blowout preventer ball, and an elastic element arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the axial direction of the cylinder flow channel. The blowout preventer includes a valve seat and a valve cover extending upward from the top of the valve seat. The outer diameter of the valve cover is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder to form a flow channel connecting the center channel of the cylinder between the outer wall of the valve cover and the inner wall of the cylinder. The blowout preventer is mounted on the cylinder by limiting its valve seat position. The bottom opening of the valve seat is provided with a sealing mating surface adapted to the blowout preventer ball. The elastic element presses the blowout preventer ball against the sealing mating surface to achieve setting. The end of the elastic element away from the blowout preventer ball abuts against the support step at the bottom of the cylinder.

3. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The valve cover is a rotating body structure with a longitudinal section that is an inverted U-shape or inverted V-shape with the opening facing downwards. Flow holes are provided on the top and side walls of the valve cover to allow fluid to pass through. The cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder that is threaded to the lower end of the upper cylinder via an external thread. The upper cylinder has a first boss protruding radially inwards. When the lower cylinder is threaded onto the upper cylinder, the top of the lower cylinder abuts against the lower end face of the first boss. The lower cylinder has a first stepped surface that stops and limits the bottom of the valve seat. The valve seat has a second stepped surface that matches the lower end face of the first boss, so that the valve seat is stopped and limited between the first boss and the first stepped surface.

4. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The elastic element is a spring, and a support ring is provided between the anti-spray ball and the spring. The support ring includes an annular base and a first central short section that protrudes downward from the annular base. The outer diameter of the first central short section is smaller than the outer diameter of the annular base to form a stepped surface at the contact point between the two. The spring is sleeved on the first central short section and abuts against the stepped surface. The outer ring body of the annular base has longitudinal flow grooves evenly distributed circumferentially.

5. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the cylinder is connected to a guide head, which includes an annular base and a second central short section that protrudes upward from the center of the annular base. The central through hole of the second central short section extends upward through the annular base. An internal thread section for sealing thread connection with the external thread of the cylinder extends upward from the outer edge of the annular base. An annular space for accommodating a spring is formed between the second central short section and the internal thread section. The spring abuts against the annular base corresponding to the annular space. This part of the annular base constitutes the support step. A longitudinally extending through hole is opened on the annular base corresponding to the annular space. The lower outer surface of the annular base has an inverted trapezoidal structure.

6. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The through holes on the annular base corresponding to the annular space portion are evenly distributed circumferentially.

7. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper connector is connected to the inner wall of the cylinder by an external thread, and the inner wall of the upper connector is provided with an internal thread for sealing connection with the oil pipe.

8. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 7, characterized in that, A sealing ring is provided between the upper connector and the inner wall of the cylinder, a sealing ring is provided between the upper connector and the pressure ball seat, and a sealing ring is provided between the blowout preventer and the cylinder.

9. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper connector is provided with a through hole in the radial direction, and the outer wall of the pressure ball seat is provided with a corresponding number of grooves. The shear pin passes through the through hole and enters the groove on the pressure ball seat to fix the pressure ball seat and the upper connector.

10. The blowout preventer setting and well washing device for pressurized operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure ball seat support frame is fixed on the cylinder below the pressure ball seat. When the pressure ball seat falls on the pressure ball seat support frame, the pressure ball seat support frame allows fluid to pass through.

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