Dust removal and slag removal system for variable diameter reaming shaft tunneling machine

Abstract

This utility model discloses a dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter reaming shaft tunneling machine. The technical problem it addresses is how to control dust during slag discharge from the reaming shaft tunneling machine. The dust removal and slag discharge system includes a dust removal unit for removing dust from the slag in the slag chamber, a sealing curtain for separating the slag chamber from the main transport tunnel, and a slag conveying unit for transporting the slag from the slag chamber through the sealing curtain to the main transport tunnel. The sealing curtain in this technical solution separates the slag chamber from the main transport tunnel, preventing dust from the slag chamber from spreading to the main transport tunnel. The dust removal unit directly removes dust from the slag in the slag chamber, and the slag in the slag chamber can be transported to the main transport tunnel by the slag conveying unit, and then transported out by the slag removal equipment, greatly improving the construction environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vertical shaft slag removal technology, and in particular to a dust removal and slag removal system for a variable diameter expanded hole vertical shaft tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Shaft construction is commonly used in engineering fields such as mining, water conservancy, transportation, and urban underground parking garages. Traditional shaft construction typically employs the drill-and-blast method. However, with the development of technology and advancements, more and more shaft boring machines (TBMs) are being used for shaft construction. TBMs break rocks using cutters on their cutterheads, but this process also generates a significant amount of dust. Excessive dust not only harms the health of construction workers but also affects equipment muck removal, potentially halting further excavation.

[0003] Traditional shaft ventilation typically involves installing a fan at the shaft opening to deliver fresh air from outside to the cutterhead and surrounding area of ​​the shaft boring machine (TBM), carrying away dust. However, this ventilation method is not very effective at removing dust. Chinese utility model patent CN216342120U discloses a shaft boring machine and a shaft dust removal device, which has a good dust removal effect for top-discharge muck in shaft boring. However, when shaft boring involves bottom-discharge muck, this dust removal device cannot solve the problem of large amounts of dust at the bottom of the muck shaft. Therefore, it is necessary to design a dust removal and muck removal system and its usage method for shaft boring.

[0004] It should be noted that the above technical information is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background technology of this utility model, and should not be regarded as an admission or in any form implying that the above technical information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this utility model proposes a dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable diameter reaming shaft tunneling machine. The technical problem to be solved is: how to control the dust during slag discharge from the reaming shaft tunneling machine.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine includes a dust removal unit for removing dust from the slag in the slag chute, a sealing curtain for separating the slag chute from the main transport tunnel, and a slag conveying unit for transporting the slag from the slag in the slag chute through the sealing curtain to the main transport tunnel. The sealing curtain in this technical solution separates the slag chute from the main transport tunnel, preventing dust from the slag in the slag chute from spreading to the main transport tunnel. The dust removal unit can directly remove dust from the slag in the slag in the slag chute, and the slag in the slag in the slag chute can be transported to the main transport tunnel by the slag conveying unit, and then transported out by slag removal equipment, greatly improving the construction environment.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine includes a dust removal unit comprising a water mist dust removal device and / or a dry fog dust suppression device. This technical solution provides three preferred implementation methods for the dust removal unit. The first is a water mist dust removal device, which is simple in structure and low in cost, requiring only a water source, water pump, water pipes, and nozzles. A dry fog dust suppression device, however, requires a high-pressure air pump and ultrasonic atomizer, making it more expensive than water mist dust removal. Although more expensive, it avoids water spray pollution of the construction environment. Another implementation method combines both water mist dust removal and dry fog dust suppression devices, integrating the advantages of both while mitigating their respective disadvantages.

[0009] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine, the water mist dust removal device includes several water mist nozzles arranged on the top of the slag chamber. This technical solution provides a preferred arrangement of the water mist dust removal device, namely, the water mist nozzles are set on the top of the slag chamber, which can not only remove dust at the collision point of the slag below, but also remove dust from the slag and soil during the falling process. It should be noted that the water mist dust removal device is not limited to water mist nozzles; as mentioned above, it also includes water pipes, water pumps, and other components. The water mist nozzles and their arrangement are specifically described because this is a technical feature that distinguishes it from existing technologies.

[0010] Based on the above technical solutions, the preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine includes a dust concentration sensor installed in the slag discharge chamber. This dust concentration sensor is connected to the dust removal unit via a control unit. This technical solution adds automatic dust monitoring and automatic dust removal execution, achieving unattended automated dust removal while being energy-saving and environmentally friendly. Specifically, the dust sensor monitors the dust concentration in the slag discharge chamber in real time. When the dust concentration exceeds a set threshold, the control unit activates the dust removal unit; if the dust concentration is below the threshold, the dust removal unit does not need to be activated.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable-diameter reamer shaft boring machine, a weight detection device for detecting the amount of slag is installed in the slag discharge chamber. The weight detection device is connected to the slag conveying unit through a control unit. This technical solution adds automatic monitoring of slag discharge and automatic execution of slag discharge, eliminating the need for personnel on-site supervision and requiring the slag conveying unit to operate continuously, while also preventing damage to the slag conveying unit caused by slag discharge. The weight detection device monitors the amount of slag in the slag discharge chamber in real time. When the amount of slag accumulated in the slag discharge chamber reaches a threshold, the control unit controls the slag conveying unit to start. If the amount of slag accumulated does not reach the threshold, the slag conveying unit does not need to be started.

[0012] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable diameter borehole expansion shaft tunneling machine, the weight detection device includes mutually compatible weighing sensors and weighing platforms. The weighing sensors are connected to the control system of the slag conveying unit through a signal processing unit and a communication module.

[0013] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of the variable diameter expanded shaft tunneling machine, the slag conveying unit includes a slag remover. The slag remover's bucket is used to transfer the slag in the slag chamber to its own continuous belt conveyor. The continuous belt conveyor extends to the main transport tunnel after passing through the enclosed curtain.

[0014] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable diameter expanded shaft tunneling machine, the end of the continuous belt conveyor located inside the main transport tunnel is used to deliver slag to the slag truck and is connected to a dust cover, which is connected to a water mist nozzle.

[0015] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable diameter borehole expansion shaft tunneling machine, the enclosed curtain includes a flexible wear-resistant curtain or a rigid baffle driven by a drive device, and the drive device is a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, a belt drive mechanism, or a chain drive mechanism.

[0016] Based on the above technical solutions, as a preferred technical solution for the dust removal and slag discharge system of the variable diameter reaming shaft tunneling machine, the cutterhead of the reaming shaft tunneling machine is a fixed cutterhead or a variable diameter cutterhead.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the dust removal and slag discharge system for the variable-diameter reaming shaft tunneling machine proposed in this invention not only significantly reduces dust during slag discharge, effectively improving the working environment, but also, through the linkage control of dust concentration sensors and water mist nozzles, the system automatically sprays only when the dust concentration exceeds the standard, avoiding the blindness of traditional continuous spraying, greatly saving water, and reducing equipment energy consumption. The slag weight detection device monitors the slag accumulation in real time, accurately triggering the muck loader to operate, reducing downtime caused by slag accumulation, and improving the tunneling efficiency of the shaft tunneling machine. The opening of the enclosed curtain can significantly reduce the amount of dust emitted from the main haulage tunnel, reducing health hazards to personnel in the main haulage tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 A front view of the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine in operation;

[0020] Figure 2 A side view of the dust removal and slag discharge system in use for a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine;

[0021] Figure 3 Here is a flowchart of the dust control method;

[0022] Figure 4 Flowchart of slag discharge control method;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a weight detection device;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a closed curtain structure.

[0025] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0026] Shaft boring machine 1; pilot shaft 2;

[0027] 3. Dust concentration sensor; 4. Water mist nozzle; 5. Slag dumping chamber; 6. Slag and stone;

[0028] Weight detection device 7; Weighing sensor 7-1; Weighing platform 7-2; Signal processing unit 7-3; Communication module 7-4;

[0029] Main transport tunnel 8;

[0030] 9. Slag loader; 9-1. Bucket; 9-2. Continuous belt conveyor;

[0031] Enclosed curtain 10; Flexible wear-resistant fabric 10-1; Top hydraulic cylinder 10-2; Bottom hydraulic cylinder 10-3; Left hydraulic cylinder 10-4; Right hydraulic cylinder 10-5;

[0032] Dust cover 11; slag truck 12. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the core concept of the present utility model and the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] These embodiments are provided to make the application thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the application to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​illustrated in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "several" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible margin of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible margin of error. Terms such as "including" or "contains" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after it, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0037] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0038] All terms used in this application have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0039] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0040] To address the shortcomings of the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a dust removal and slag discharge system for vertical shaft excavation, solving the problems of high dust levels during vertical shaft construction, which endanger personnel health and affect equipment slag discharge. The core inventive points include the following:

[0041] Key Invention Point 1: Water mist nozzles are arranged in the slag dumping chamber and on the continuous conveyor belt to control dust.

[0042] Core Invention Point 2: Installing a closed curtain in the slag dump to prevent dust from entering the main transport tunnel.

[0043] Core Invention Point 3: A slag weight detection device is installed at the bottom of the slag dump to achieve accurate control over the slag accumulation.

[0044] To achieve the above objectives, the dust removal and slag discharge system of the present invention includes: water mist nozzles arranged at the upper part of the slag discharge chamber and the slag discharge end of the continuous conveyor belt for spraying and dust removal of slag; a slag loader located at the bottom of the slag discharge chamber for transferring slag from the slag discharge chamber to trucks in the main transport tunnel via a loader bucket and a continuous conveyor belt; a closed curtain installed at the intersection of the slag discharge chamber and the main transport tunnel to prevent dust from the slag discharge chamber from entering the main transport tunnel; a dust concentration sensor installed at the top of the slag discharge chamber to monitor dust concentration; and a slag weight detection device located at the bottom of the slag discharge chamber to monitor the weight of the slag in real time.

[0045] In the dust removal and slag discharge system of this invention, dust concentration sensors arranged in the slag discharge chamber can monitor the dust concentration in the chamber in real time. When the concentration exceeds the standard, water mist nozzles automatically start to spray dust onto the slag; when the concentration is within the standard range, the water mist nozzles automatically shut off. This spraying method ensures that the dust concentration in the slag discharge chamber remains within the specified range and also saves water resources. Water mist nozzles installed on the dust cover at the continuous conveyor belt can remove dust from the slag falling into the slag truck, preventing dust from polluting the main transport tunnel. A weight detection device installed at the bottom of the slag discharge chamber can monitor the weight of the slag in real time, thereby determining the slag storage situation inside the chamber. When the slag exceeds the specified storage capacity of the slag discharge chamber, the slag remover is activated to clear the slag from the chamber. Unlike traditional slag detection devices that rely on infrared light or lidar, this weight detection device is unaffected by the dust concentration in the environment and can efficiently and accurately detect the slag stacking situation. The enclosed curtain uses flexible, wear-resistant fabric and is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. When the shaft tunneling machine starts tunneling, the enclosed curtain can be opened quickly, which can further reduce the amount of dust escaping from the muck chamber and ensure that the air quality in the main transport tunnel meets the standards.

[0046] Therefore, according to the present invention, the dust concentration in the muck dump can be significantly reduced, water waste can be significantly reduced, and humidity fluctuations in the dump can be reduced, preventing equipment corrosion due to excessive humidity and extending equipment service life. The weight detection device monitors the muck accumulation in real time, precisely triggering the start of the muck loader and preventing the shaft boring machine from stopping due to muck accumulation. The enclosed curtain design maintains air quality in the main transport tunnel and reduces health hazards to personnel in the main transport tunnel.

[0047] The specific implementation method is as follows:

[0048] A dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable diameter borehole enlargement shaft tunneling machine, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a dust removal unit for removing dust from the slag in the slag chamber 5, a closed curtain 10 for separating the slag chamber 5 from the main transport tunnel 8, and a slag conveying unit for conveying the slag in the slag chamber 5 through the closed curtain 10 to the main transport tunnel 8.

[0049] In this embodiment, the enclosed curtain 10 can separate the slag discharge chamber 5 from the main transport tunnel 8, preventing dust in the slag discharge chamber 5 from spreading to the main transport tunnel 8. The dust removal unit can directly remove dust from the slag in the slag discharge chamber 5. The slag in the slag discharge chamber 5 can be transported to the main transport tunnel 8 by the slag conveying unit, and then transported out by the slag removal equipment, which greatly improves the construction environment.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine, the dust removal unit includes a water mist dust removal device and / or a dry fog dust suppression device. This embodiment provides three preferred implementation methods for the dust removal unit. One of them is a water mist dust removal device, which is simple in structure and low in cost, requiring only the use of corresponding water sources, water pumps, water pipes, and nozzles.

[0051] Dry fog dust suppression devices require components such as high-pressure air pumps and ultrasonic atomizers, making them more expensive than water mist dust suppression. However, this higher cost avoids water spraying that pollutes the construction environment. Another approach is to use both water mist and dry fog dust suppression devices simultaneously, combining the advantages of both while mitigating their respective disadvantages. It is important to note that the functional structure and working principles of both water mist and dry fog dust suppression devices are existing technologies. Those skilled in the art can select the most suitable implementation method based on the invention described in this embodiment.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter, expanded-hole shaft boring machine is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the water mist dust removal device includes several water mist nozzles 4 arranged on the top of the slag dump chamber 5.

[0053] This embodiment provides a preferred arrangement of the water mist dust removal device, wherein the water mist nozzles 4 are located at the top of the slag caving chamber 5. This not only removes dust from the impact points of the falling slag below, but also removes dust from the slag during its descent. It should be noted that the water mist dust removal device is not limited to the water mist nozzles 4; as mentioned above, it also includes components such as water pipes and water pumps. The water mist nozzles 4 and their arrangement are specifically described because this is a technical feature that distinguishes it from existing technologies.

[0054] Based on the above embodiments, a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter, expanded-hole shaft boring machine is as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a dust concentration sensor 3 is installed in the slag caving chamber 5, and the dust concentration sensor 3 is connected to the dust removal unit through the control unit.

[0055] This embodiment incorporates automatic dust monitoring and automatic dust removal technology, enabling unattended automated dust removal while saving energy and protecting the environment. Specifically, dust sensor 3 monitors the dust concentration in the slag chute 5 in real time. When the dust concentration exceeds a set threshold, the control unit activates the dust removal unit; otherwise, the dust removal unit does not need to be activated.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system of the variable diameter expanded shaft tunneling machine, a weight detection device 7 for detecting the amount of slag is provided in the slag discharge chamber 5. The weight detection device 7 is connected to the slag conveying unit through the control unit.

[0057] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment incorporates automatic monitoring of slag discharge and automatic slag removal, eliminating the need for personnel on-site and continuous operation of the slag conveying unit, while also preventing damage to the slag conveying unit from slag discharge. The weight detection device 7 monitors the amount of slag discharge in the slag chamber 5 in real time. When the amount of slag accumulated in the slag chamber 5 reaches a threshold, the control unit activates the slag conveying unit. If the accumulated amount of slag does not reach the threshold, the slag conveying unit does not need to be activated.

[0058] Based on the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter reaming shaft boring machine, the weight detection device 7 includes a mutually compatible weighing sensor 7-1 and a weighing platform 7-2. The weighing sensor 7-1 is connected to the control system of the slag conveying unit via a signal processing unit 7-3 and a communication module 7-4. It should be noted that the weighing sensor 7-1, weighing platform 7-2, signal processing unit 7-3, and communication module 7-4 are all existing technologies, and those skilled in the art can select their structure, size, and parameters according to actual needs.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter, expanded-hole shaft boring machine is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the slag conveying unit includes a slag remover 9. The bucket 9-1 of the slag remover 9 is used to transfer the slag in the slag chamber 5 to its own continuous belt conveyor 9-2. The continuous belt conveyor 9-2 extends to the main transport tunnel 8 after passing through the enclosed curtain 10.

[0060] It should be noted that the muck loader 9 is existing technology, that is, the existing muck loader 9 itself has a bucket 9-1 and a continuous belt conveyor 9-2. This embodiment only shows the positional relationship between the muck loader 9 and other supporting devices.

[0061] Based on the above embodiments, in a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter, enlarged-hole shaft boring machine, the end of the continuous belt conveyor 9-2 located inside the main transport tunnel 8 is used to deliver slag to the slag truck 12 and is connected to a dust cover 11, which is connected to a water mist nozzle 4. That is, the discharge end of the continuous belt conveyor 9-2 is located at a higher position, at least higher than the height of the hopper of the slag truck 12, so that the discharged slag can fall directly into the slag truck 12. At the same time, to further suppress dust, a dust cover 11 to prevent dust diffusion and water mist nozzles 4 for spray dust removal are provided.

[0062] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system of a variable diameter borehole expansion shaft tunneling machine, the enclosed curtain 10 includes a flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1 driven by a drive device or a rigid baffle, and the drive device is a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, a belt drive mechanism, or a chain drive mechanism.

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system of the variable diameter reaming shaft tunneling machine 1, the cutterhead of the reaming shaft tunneling machine 1 is a fixed cutterhead or a variable diameter cutterhead, which can meet the construction needs of different shaft diameters.

[0064] As a preferred embodiment of the dust removal and slag discharge system for a variable-diameter expanded-hole shaft boring machine, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the application scenarios include: shaft tunneling machine 1, pilot shaft 2, muck dumping chamber 5, slag and rock 6, and main transport tunnel 8. This system includes: dust concentration sensor 3, water mist nozzle 4, weight detection device 7, muck loader 9 (including bucket 9-1, continuous belt 9-2, enclosed curtain 10, dust cover 11, and muck truck 12).

[0065] The dust removal and slag removal system for vertical shaft excavation is divided into two methods: dust control method for slag chamber and slag transfer method for slag chamber.

[0066] 1. Dust control methods

[0067] Dust control methods such as Figure 3 As shown: When the shaft tunneling machine 1 starts tunneling, the closed curtain 10 opens simultaneously, and the broken rock blocks fall from the pilot shaft 6. The dust concentration sensor 3 in the slag chamber 5 detects the dust in real time. When the dust concentration exceeds the standard, the water mist nozzle 4 located at the top of the slag chamber 5 opens to spray dust off the slag. When the dust concentration reaches the standard, the water mist nozzle 4 located at the top of the slag chamber 5 closes to reduce the waste of water resources.

[0068] 2. Slag and stone transportation methods

[0069] Slag and stone transfer methods such as Figure 4 As shown: When the shaft tunneling machine 1 begins tunneling, the enclosed curtain 10 opens simultaneously, and broken rock blocks fall from the pilot shaft 6. The weight detection device 7 at the bottom of the slag chamber 5 monitors the slag 6 in real time. When the weight of the slag exceeds the accumulation limit of the slag chamber 5, the muck loader 9 starts, using the bucket 9-1 to move the slag 6 to the continuous conveyor belt 9-2, and finally transfers the slag 6 to the muck truck 12. Simultaneously with the start of the muck loader 9, the water mist nozzles 4 on the dust cover 11 of the continuous conveyor belt 9-2 are activated to remove dust from the slag 6 falling into the muck truck 12, preventing dust pollution of the main transport tunnel 8. When the weight of the slag 6 does not exceed the accumulation limit of the slag chamber 5, the muck loader 9 stops operating to reduce its power consumption.

[0070] The composition and working principle of the weight detection device 7 are as follows:

[0071] The weight detection device consists of the following components: Figure 5 As shown: The weight detection device 7 mainly consists of a weighing sensor 7-1 and a robust load-bearing platform 7-2. The load-bearing platform is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slag caving chamber 5, covering the main slag accumulation area. The weighing sensor 7-1 is integrated inside the structure of the weight detection device 7 and is used to sense the weight of the slag 6 accumulated on the platform. The weight detection device 7 also includes a signal processing unit 7-3 for receiving, amplifying, filtering, and converting sensor signals into weight data, and a communication module 7-4 for transmitting real-time weight data to the control system.

[0072] Slag 6 falls from the pilot shaft 2 into the muck chute 5 and accumulates on the load-bearing platform. The load-bearing platform transmits the weight of the slag to the weighing sensors below. The sensors generate electrical signals proportional to the applied pressure. The signal processing unit collects signals from all sensors, performs calculations, and determines the total weight of the currently accumulated slag. This weight data is transmitted in real time to the tunneling machine's control system via a communication module. The control system continuously monitors this weight data and compares it with a preset safe accumulation capacity threshold for the muck chute. When the weight exceeds the threshold, the control system automatically triggers a command to start the muck loader 9 for clearing operations; when the weight is below the threshold, the muck loader 9 remains in standby mode or stops operating.

[0073] The structure and working principle of the enclosed curtain 10 are as follows:

[0074] The configuration of the enclosed curtain is as follows Figure 6 As shown: The enclosed curtain 10 mainly includes a flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1, a top hydraulic cylinder 10-2, a bottom hydraulic cylinder 10-3, a left hydraulic cylinder 10-4, and a right hydraulic cylinder 10-5.

[0075] When the shaft tunneling machine 1 begins tunneling, the control system issues a command, and the hydraulic cylinders start. The top hydraulic cylinder 10-2 extends the flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1 from the top downwards until it contacts the frame of the continuous conveyor belt 9-2; the bottom hydraulic cylinder 10-3 extends the flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1 from the bottom upwards until it contacts the frame of the continuous conveyor belt 9-2; the left hydraulic cylinder 10-4 extends the flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1 from left to right until it contacts the frame of the continuous conveyor belt 9-2; and the right hydraulic cylinder 10-5 extends the flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1 from right to left until it contacts the frame of the continuous conveyor belt 9-2. When all the hydraulic cylinders are extended, they prevent dust generated during the slag removal process from spreading to the main transport tunnel 8. When tunneling is paused, equipment is being maintained, or passage is required, the control system issues a lifting command, and the hydraulic cylinders retract the flexible wear-resistant curtain 10-1, restoring communication between the main transport tunnel 8 and the slag removal area. The raising and lowering of the curtain is linked to the operating status of the tunneling machine through the control system, enabling automatic opening and closing.

[0076] Any aspects of this utility model that are not detailed herein are conventional technical means known to those skilled in the art.

[0077] The above content shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and beneficial effects of this utility model. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit it. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dust and slag removal system for a variable diameter underreaming shaft boring machine, characterized by: It includes a dust removal unit for removing dust from the slag in the slag chamber (5), a closed curtain (10) for separating the slag chamber (5) from the main transport tunnel (8), and a slag conveying unit for conveying the slag in the slag chamber (5) through the closed curtain (10) to the main transport tunnel (8).

2. The dust extraction system of the underreaming shaft excavating machine of claim 1, wherein: The dust removal unit includes a water mist dust removal device and / or a dry fog dust suppression device.

3. The dust extraction system of a variable diameter under ream vertical shaft sinking machine according to claim 2, wherein: The water mist dust removal device includes several water mist nozzles (4) arranged on the top of the slag caving chamber (5).

4. The dust extraction system of a variable diameter underreamer shaft excavating machine according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A dust concentration sensor (3) is installed in the slag dumping chamber (5), and the dust concentration sensor (3) is connected to the dust removal unit through the control unit.

5. The dust extraction system of the underreaming shaft excavating machine of claim 4, wherein: The slag dumping chamber (5) is equipped with a weight detection device (7) for detecting the amount of slag dumped. The weight detection device (7) is connected to the slag conveying unit through the control unit.

6. The dust extraction system of the underreamer shaft drill rig of claim 5, wherein: The weight detection device (7) includes a weighing sensor (7-1) and a weighing platform (7-2) that are adapted to each other. The weighing sensor (7-1) is connected to the control system of the slag conveying unit through a signal processing unit (7-3) and a communication module (7-4).

7. The dust extraction system of a variable diameter underreamer shaft boring machine according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-6, characterized in that: The slag conveying unit includes a slag remover (9), whose bucket (9-1) is used to transfer the slag in the slag chamber (5) to its own continuous belt conveyor (9-2), which extends to the main transport tunnel (8) after passing through the closed curtain (10).

8. The dust extraction system of a variable diameter under ream vertical shaft sinking machine according to claim 7, wherein: The end of the continuous belt conveyor (9-2) located inside the main transport tunnel (8) is used to deliver slag to the slag truck (12) and is connected to a dust cover (11), which is connected to a water mist nozzle (4).

9. The dust extraction system of a variable diameter underreamer raise boring machine of any of claims 1-3, 5-6, 8, characterized in that: The enclosed curtain (10) includes a flexible wear-resistant curtain (10-1) driven by a drive device or a rigid baffle. The drive device is a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, a belt drive mechanism, or a chain drive mechanism.

10. The dust extraction system of a variable diameter under ream vertical shaft sinking machine according to claim 9, wherein: The cutterhead of the shaft tunneling machine (1) is either a fixed cutterhead or a variable diameter cutterhead.

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