A boom-type tunneling machine cutting and drilling device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cantilever type tunneling machine cutting drilling device, including two symmetrical installation in the rotation mechanism two sides of multi-drill position type drilling mechanism, two the multi-drill position type drilling mechanism coaxial arrangement, and the rotation mechanism is installed between the rotary mechanism and adapter arm, the adapter arm is detachably connected with hydraulic cantilever, the rotary mechanism is used to drive rotation mechanism and two multi-drill position type drilling mechanism along the rotation axis of rotation, rotation mechanism is used to drive two multi-drill position type drilling mechanism along respective axis rotation.The application can effectively improve the efficiency of operation and the durability of equipment, realize multi-angle flexible tunneling, integrate multiple function modes, can switch drilling mode as needed to adapt to different hardness of sand layer, and due to the modular structure, improve the convenience of maintenance.The application is suitable for the technical field of tunnel construction equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, specifically, it relates to a cutting and drilling device for a cantilever tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Existing drilling equipment typically employs a single-direction, single-axis fixed drilling mechanism, lacking an adjustable rotary drive structure. This limits drilling to linear motion along a fixed direction, preventing overall circumferential rotation adjustment. For drilling in sandy mountain tunnels requiring varying angles, the entire machine body must be moved, resulting in cumbersome operation, low positioning accuracy, and significantly reduced construction efficiency. Furthermore, existing equipment often uses fixed welded connections with no detachable design for the cantilever, hindering the replacement of drilling components with different specifications to meet specific needs. This also limits its adaptability to various geological conditions in sandy mountains (such as loose sand layers and mixed sand and gravel layers). Sandy mountains are characterized by loose soil, poor cohesion, and the presence of sand layers with gaps and localized hard points (such as sand and gravel). Existing drilling equipment's drill head structure is not designed to address these characteristics, leading to low rock-breaking drilling efficiency. When encountering hard points or abrupt changes in the drilling surface, the resulting impact load is directly transmitted to the equipment's transmission mechanism and body, easily causing bending and breakage of components such as the cutting teeth and drill bit, resulting in a high equipment failure rate. Moreover, relying solely on the extrusion force of rigid drilling is ineffective at breaking up hard particles and is prone to jamming and stalling. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device to improve operational efficiency and equipment durability, achieve flexible multi-angle tunneling, integrate multiple functional modes, and switch drilling modes as needed to adapt to sand layers of different hardness. Moreover, due to its modular structure, it improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device includes two multi-drilling positions symmetrically mounted on both sides of a rotary mechanism. The two multi-drilling positions are coaxially arranged, and a rotating mechanism is installed between the rotary mechanism and a transfer arm. The transfer arm is detachably connected to a hydraulic cantilever. The rotating mechanism drives the rotary mechanism and the two multi-drilling positions to rotate along the rotation axis of the rotary mechanism. The rotary mechanism drives the two multi-drilling positions to rotate along their respective axes. The rotary mechanism includes a transmission worm gear rotatably mounted within an assembly housing. The transmission worm gear is connected to a transmission... The worm gear drive is connected, with one axial end of the drive worm gear coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor. Each of the multi-drilling mechanisms is detachably connected to the corresponding side of the drive worm wheel. A connecting sleeve is constructed in the middle of the drive worm wheel, and the corresponding side of the multi-drilling mechanism is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve. The multi-drilling mechanism includes a drilling roller, a drilling head, and a jet-type striking head connected sequentially in the direction opposite to the rotary mechanism. The axes of the three are coincident. One axial end of the drilling roller is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism. The radial length of the drilling head decreases from the drilling roller to the jet-type striking head.

[0005] A further technical solution is that a spiral blade is constructed on the outer peripheral surface of the drilling roller, extending spirally along its axial direction. One end of the spiral blade is constructed on the end of the drilling roller near the rotating mechanism, and the other end of the spiral blade extends to the small diameter end of the drilling head.

[0006] A further technical solution is that multiple cutting teeth are fixed on the outer peripheral surfaces of both the drilling roller and the drilling head.

[0007] A further technical solution involves having a first assembly cavity and a second assembly cavity coaxially connected within the drilling roller. The first assembly cavity is close to the drilling head, and the end of the second assembly cavity away from the first assembly cavity passes through the end of the drilling roller near the rotary mechanism. An elastic component is installed in the first assembly cavity, and the end of the jet-type striking head extending into the first assembly cavity is connected to the elastic component. A transition post is installed in the second assembly cavity, with one end of the transition post pressing against the end of the elastic component away from the jet-type striking head, and the other end of the transition post being detachably connected to the rotary mechanism.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the jet-type striking head has a movable rod that extends movably into the first assembly cavity along the axis of the drill bit. The elastic component includes a rigid spring coaxially disposed in the first assembly cavity. A first connecting seat and a second connecting seat are fixed at both ends of the rigid spring, respectively. The first connecting seat is detachably connected to the movable rod. The second connecting seat is assembled in the second assembly cavity, and the end of the second connecting seat away from the adapter post is pressed against the interface between the second assembly cavity and the first assembly cavity.

[0009] A further technical solution is that a jet distribution ring is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller near the rotary mechanism, an annular liquid inlet cavity is formed between the jet distribution ring and the drilling roller, a liquid inlet connector communicating with the annular liquid inlet cavity is constructed on the jet distribution ring, and multiple jet holes are evenly opened on the jet-type striking head, with the annular liquid inlet cavity communicating with each jet hole.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the rotating mechanism includes a driven gear coaxially mounted on a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to a fixed seat on a rotary mechanism, the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a transfer arm, a second hydraulic motor is mounted on the transfer arm, and a driving gear is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor, with the driving gear and the driven gear meshing with each other.

[0011] The technological advancements achieved by this invention compared to existing technologies, due to the adoption of the aforementioned structure, are as follows: This invention features a coaxially symmetrical design of two multi-drilling positions, enabling simultaneous face excavation operations. This significantly improves the excavation efficiency of sandy mountain tunnel construction, reduces face exposure time, and lowers the risk of sand layer collapse. The slewing and rotating mechanisms are independently driven, allowing for self-rotation cutting and overall circumferential rotation adjustment of the multi-drilling positions. This flexibly adapts to the excavation needs at different positions and angles on the face, enhancing operational coverage and adaptability. The adapter arm and hydraulic cantilever are detachably connected, facilitating equipment disassembly, relocation, and switching between different work positions during tunnel construction. It also facilitates future maintenance and component replacement.

[0012] This invention can employ three different tunneling methods. The first method is horizontal tangential tunneling. In this method, the rotating mechanism remains stationary, and the two multi-drilling positions are horizontally coaxial, facing the tunnel face. The slewing mechanism drives the slewing position to rotate along its own axis, performing frontal cutting and tunneling on the tunnel face in a horizontal pushing manner. This method is suitable for loose fine sand layers in the middle of the tunnel face, without hard points, requiring rapid and large-area horizontal cutting while also considering slag removal. The second method is oblique angle tunneling. In this method, the rotating mechanism drives the slewing mechanism and the two multi-drilling positions to rotate circumferentially at a small angle, so that the multi-drilling positions are angled and aligned with the tunnel face. The slewing mechanism synchronously drives the slewing position to rotate, performing oblique angle tunneling. This method is suitable for dense sand and gravel layers at the edges / corners of the tunnel face, containing a small amount of small pebbles, requiring precise trimming of the tunnel face contour to meet the tunnel cross-section forming requirements. The third method is large-area tunneling. The core of this method is to use a rotating mechanism to drive a slewing mechanism and a multi-drilling mechanism on both sides to rotate in a wide range of circumference. In conjunction with the slewing mechanism, the drilling mechanism drives its own axis to rotate, so as to achieve large-area, full-coverage tunneling in loose areas. This method is suitable for extremely loose sand layers and does not require repeated tunneling at a single point. Large-area sweeping-rotation tunneling can quickly form a stable tunneling face. In addition, the coaxial layout of the two multi-drilling mechanisms further improves the efficiency of sweeping-rotation operations.

[0013] In summary, this invention can effectively improve the efficiency of operations and the durability of equipment, enable flexible tunneling from multiple angles, integrate multiple functional modes, and allow switching of drilling modes as needed to adapt to sand layers of different hardness. Moreover, due to its modular structure, it improves the convenience of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0015] In the attached diagram: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the rotary mechanism and two multi-drilling positions in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partially cut-open structure of the rotary mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first hydraulic motor in the slewing mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention in a disassembled state; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-drilling position drilling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of the multi-drilling position drilling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drilling roller and the drilling head in the multi-drilling mechanism of this invention. Figure 8 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of the connection between the drilling roller and the drilling head in the multi-drilling mechanism of this invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the jet-type striking head, the elastic component, and the adapter column in the multi-drilling mechanism of this invention. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the jet-type striking head in the multi-drilling mechanism of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the rotating mechanism and the adapter arm in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Components labeled: 100-Multi-position drilling mechanism, 101-Drilling roller, 102-Drill head, 103-Jet-type striking head, 104-Helical blade, 105-Cutting tooth, 106-Moving rod, 107-Operating port, 108-First channel, 109-Jet hole, 110-Hard spring, 111-First connecting seat, 112-Limiting groove, 113-Limiting strip, 114-Second connecting seat, 115-Assembly hole, 116-Second assembly cavity, 117-Buffer block, 118-Adapter post, 119-The Two channels, 120-first connecting hole, 121-second connecting hole, 122-jet distribution ring, 123-inlet connector, 124-annular inlet chamber, 125-first assembly chamber, 200-rotation mechanism, 201-assembly shell, 202-drive worm gear, 203-connecting sleeve, 204-drive worm, 205-first hydraulic motor, 300-adapter arm, 400-rotation mechanism, 401-rotation shaft, 402-driven gear, 403-second hydraulic motor, 404-drive gear, 500-fixed base. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustrative and explanatory purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0018] This invention discloses a cutting and drilling device for a cantilever tunneling machine, such as... Figures 1-14 As shown, the system includes two multi-position drilling mechanisms 100 symmetrically mounted on both sides of a rotary mechanism 200. These two multi-position drilling mechanisms 100 are coaxially arranged, and a rotating mechanism 400 is installed between the rotary mechanism 200 and the adapter arm 300. The adapter arm 300 is detachably connected to a hydraulic cantilever. The rotating mechanism 400 drives the rotary mechanism 200 and the two multi-position drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate along the rotation axis 401 of the rotating mechanism 400. The rotary mechanism 200 drives the two multi-position drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate along their respective axes.

[0019] The working principle and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention features two coaxially symmetrically designed multi-drilling positions 100, enabling simultaneous tunneling operations at the face. This significantly improves tunneling efficiency in sandy mountain tunnels, reduces face exposure time, and lowers the risk of sand layer collapse. The slewing mechanism 200 and rotating mechanism 400 are independently driven, allowing the multi-drilling position 100 to rotate for cutting and adjust its overall circumferential angle. This flexibly adapts to the tunneling needs at different positions and angles at the face, enhancing operational coverage and adaptability. The adapter arm 300 is detachably connected to the hydraulic cantilever, facilitating equipment disassembly, relocation, and switching between different work positions during tunnel construction. It also facilitates future maintenance and component replacement.

[0020] This invention can employ three different tunneling methods. The first method is horizontal tangential tunneling, such as... Figure 12 As shown, in this method, the rotating mechanism 400 remains stationary, and the two multi-drilling positions 100 are horizontally coaxial, facing the tunnel face. The rotating mechanism 200 drives it to rotate along its own axis, performing frontal cutting and excavation of the tunnel face in a flat-push manner. This method is suitable for the loose fine sand layer in the middle of the tunnel face, where there are no hard points, requiring rapid and large-area flat cutting while also considering muck removal. The second method is oblique angle cutting excavation, such as... Figure 13 As shown, in this method, the rotating mechanism 400 drives the slewing mechanism 200 and the two multi-drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate at a small angle around the circumference, so that the multi-drilling mechanism 100 is in an oblique posture aligned with the tunnel face. The slewing mechanism 200 synchronously drives its rotation to perform oblique angle excavation. This method is suitable for dense sand and gravel layers at the edges / corners of the tunnel face, containing a small amount of small pebbles. It requires precise trimming of the tunnel face contour to meet the tunnel cross-section forming requirements. The third method is for large-area excavation, such as... Figure 14 As shown, the core mechanism uses a rotating mechanism 400 to drive a slewing mechanism 200 and two coaxial multi-drilling mechanisms 100 to rotate in a wide range of circumference. The slewing mechanism 200 drives the drilling mechanism to rotate on its own axis, enabling large-area, full-coverage excavation of loose areas. This is suitable for extremely loose sand layers and eliminates the need for repeated excavation at a single point. Large-area sweeping-rotation excavation can quickly form a stable excavation face. Furthermore, the coaxial layout of the two multi-drilling mechanisms 100 further improves the efficiency of sweeping-rotation operations.

[0021] In summary, this invention can effectively improve the efficiency of operations and the durability of equipment, enable flexible tunneling from multiple angles, integrate multiple functional modes, and allow switching of drilling modes as needed to adapt to sand layers of different hardness. Moreover, due to its modular structure, it improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the rotary mechanism 200 includes a transmission worm gear 202, a transmission worm 204, and a first hydraulic motor 205. The transmission worm gear 202 is rotatably mounted within the assembly housing 201 and is drively connected to the transmission worm 204. One axial end of the transmission worm 204 is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor 205. Each multi-position drilling mechanism 100 is detachably connected to the corresponding side of the transmission worm gear 202. A connecting sleeve 203 is constructed in the middle of the transmission worm gear 202. The corresponding side of the multi-position drilling mechanism 100 is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve 203, and the multi-position drilling mechanism 100 is in a threaded tightened state with its rotation direction.

[0023] This embodiment employs a meshing transmission structure of a transmission worm gear 202 and a transmission worm 204, driven by a first hydraulic motor 205. The first hydraulic motor 205 provides stable power output and high torque, adapting to the variable load requirements generated by cutting and impact during excavation in sandy mountains. This effectively avoids sudden power loss during drill jams or stalling, meeting the different excavation power requirements from loose sand layers to sand layers containing hard particles. The transmission between the transmission worm gear 202 and the transmission worm 204 is self-locking. When the multi-drilling mechanism 100 is subjected to the reaction force of the sand body or when the equipment stops, it can effectively prevent the transmission worm gear 202 from rotating in the opposite direction, preventing the multi-drilling mechanism 100 from collapsing the sand face due to retraction, ensuring the positional stability of the excavation operation, and reducing the power loss of the hydraulic system. The transmission worm gear 202 is rotatably installed inside the assembly housing 201. The assembly housing 201 provides a closed protective space for the transmission components, which can effectively prevent loose sand particles and dust generated during the excavation of sandy mountains from entering the transmission meshing surface, avoid tooth surface wear and increased meshing clearance, extend the service life of the transmission components, and ensure the stability of power transmission efficiency.

[0024] The integrated connecting sleeve 203 in the middle of the transmission worm gear 202 provides a unified and precise connection benchmark for the multi-drilling mechanism 100, ensuring that the multi-drilling mechanisms 100 on both sides are coaxially assembled with the transmission worm gear 202. This guarantees the concentricity of the two multi-drilling mechanisms 100 during self-rotation and excavation, avoiding uneven excavation force and uneven tunnel face due to coaxiality deviation. It also prevents uneven wear on one side of the multi-drilling mechanism 100, improving the overall operating accuracy of the equipment. The threaded connection allows for detachable operation, eliminating the need for specialized tools compared to welding or snap-fit ​​structures. This adapts to the maintenance needs of confined spaces in tunnel construction. When vulnerable parts of the multi-drilling mechanism 100 are damaged, the entire machine or individual parts can be quickly replaced, reducing downtime and preventing collapse of loose sand layers at the tunnel face due to prolonged exposure. The threaded connection structure has the characteristics of high connection strength, which can withstand the axial thrust and circumferential torque generated during the tunneling of sand layers, effectively preventing the drilling mechanism from loosening during high-speed rotation and heavy cutting, and ensuring the safety of tunneling operations.

[0025] The multi-position drilling mechanism 100 rotates in the same direction as the thread tightening. During its rotational cutting driven by the rotary mechanism 200, the generated circumferential torque continuously tightens the threaded connection surface, making the connection increasingly tighter with each rotation. This completely avoids the loosening and shifting problems that occur in traditional connection structures under high-speed rotation and variable loads. It effectively counteracts the impact reaction force during excavation in sandy mountains. When the multi-position drilling mechanism 100 encounters hard points or uneven surfaces on the tunnel face, generating impact loads, the axial and circumferential reaction forces will not cause the threaded connection to loosen. Instead, they will further strengthen the connection tightness, ensuring the assembly stability of the multi-position drilling mechanism 100 and preventing equipment failures and construction safety accidents caused by loosening.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 11 As shown, the rotating mechanism 400 includes a driven gear 402 coaxially mounted on a rotating shaft 401. One end of the rotating shaft 401 is connected to a fixed seat 500 on the rotary mechanism 200, and the other end of the rotating shaft 401 is rotatably connected to a transfer arm 300. A second hydraulic motor 403 is mounted on the transfer arm 300, and a driving gear 404 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor 403. The driving gear 404 meshes with the driven gear 402.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second hydraulic motor 403 is paired with the meshing transmission structure of the driving gear 404 and the driven gear 402. The second hydraulic motor 403 has the characteristics of large torque and flexible speed adjustment, and can smoothly output power to drive the rotating shaft 401 to rotate, so as to realize the precise angle control of the multi-drilling mechanism 100 and adapt to the switching needs of different tunneling postures such as flat pushing, cutting angle, and large-range sweeping rotation of the tunnel face. The transmission ratio of the gear meshing transmission is fixed and there is no power transmission gap, which avoids the movement of the mechanism and the angle deviation during the angle adjustment process, ensures the operational stability of the multi-drilling mechanism 100 after angle adjustment, and prevents the sandy tunnel face from uneven stress and sand layer collapse due to the tunneling angle deviation. One end of the rotating shaft 401 is rigidly connected to the fixed seat 500 of the slewing mechanism 200, ensuring the connection between the rotating mechanism 400 and the slewing mechanism 200. This effectively withstands the axial thrust and circumferential reaction force generated during the tunneling process, preventing the overall mechanism from loosening. The other end is rotatably connected to the adapter arm 300, reducing the frictional resistance when the rotating shaft 401 rotates, making the overall rotation angle adjustment of the drilling mechanism smoother. At the same time, it separates the rotational motion of the slewing mechanism 200 from the fixed support of the adapter arm 300, preventing power transmission to the hydraulic cantilever and causing additional load, thus protecting the hydraulic cantilever connection structure.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5As shown, the multi-position drilling mechanism 100 includes a drilling roller 101, a drilling head 102, and a jet-type striking head 103 connected sequentially in the direction opposite to the rotary mechanism 200, with their axes coinciding. One axial end of the drilling roller 101 is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism 200, and the radial length of the drilling head 102 decreases from the drilling roller 101 to the jet-type striking head 103. A helical blade 104 extending spirally along its axial direction is constructed on the outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller 101. One end of the helical blade 104 is located at the end of the drilling roller 101 near the rotary mechanism 200, and the other end extends to the small-diameter end of the drilling head 102. Multiple cutting teeth 105 are fixed on the outer circumferential surfaces of both the drilling roller 101 and the drilling head 102.

[0029] In this embodiment, the drilling roller 101, drilling head 102, and jet-type hammer head 103 are connected sequentially along the same axis to ensure coaxial power transmission and uniform force distribution during tunneling. This avoids mechanical movement and uneven tunneling face caused by axial deviation, preventing sand layer collapse due to localized stress concentration. The three components are arranged in a back-to-back rotation mechanism 200, ensuring that the tunneling force is transmitted to the tunneling face along the positive axis without radial force interference. This significantly reduces the risk of equipment misalignment during sand layer tunneling and provides a stable structural foundation for subsequent combined actions of jetting, hammering, and cutting. The spiral blade 104 extends spirally along the axial direction of the drilling roller 101 and extends to the small-diameter end of the drilling head 102, forming a spiral conveying structure for the entire tunneling section. During tunneling, it rotates synchronously with the mechanism's rotation, quickly conveying the loose sand scraped by the cutting teeth 105 along the spiral surface to the outside of the tunneling face. This allows for simultaneous tunneling and slag removal, preventing sand accumulation between the tunneling face and the mechanism from hindering construction. The cutting teeth 105 are fixed on the outer periphery of the drilling roller 101 and the drilling head 102, achieving full cutting coverage of the entire tunnel face. The cutting teeth 105 at the drilling roller 101 are responsible for scraping and coarse cutting of large areas of loose sand at the tunnel face, while the cutting teeth 105 at the drilling head 102 are used for precise fine cutting of local hard points and gravel in the sand layer, meeting the tunneling needs of sandy mountains with uneven hardness. The full-area arrangement ensures that the cutting load is evenly distributed, avoiding overload wear of local cutting teeth 105, extending the service life of components, and improving the overall crushing efficiency of the sand body, reducing the occurrence of stuck drills and drill jams. The drilling roller 101, drilling head 102, and jet-type hammer head 103 are integrated and coaxially designed. The spiral blades 104 are directly constructed / fixed to the outer periphery of the cutting teeth 105, with no redundant structure. The overall volume is compact and will not interfere with the tunnel surrounding rock or support structure, making it suitable for the narrow construction space of the tunnel face.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 6-10As shown, a first assembly cavity 125 and a second assembly cavity 116 are coaxially constructed and interconnected within the drilling roller 101. The first assembly cavity 125 is close to the drilling head 102, and the end of the second assembly cavity 116 away from the first assembly cavity 125 passes through the end of the drilling roller 101 near the rotary mechanism 200. An elastic component is installed in the first assembly cavity 125. One end of the jet-type striking head 103 extends into the first assembly cavity 125 and is connected to the elastic component. A transition post 118 is threadedly connected in the second assembly cavity 116. One end of the transition post 118 presses against the end of the elastic component away from the jet-type striking head 103, and the other end of the transition post 118 is threadedly connected to the rotary mechanism 200. An assembly hole 115 is coaxially formed in the drilling head 102, which connects to the outside and the first assembly cavity 125. The jet-type striking head 103 has a movable rod 106, which is movably mounted in the mounting hole 115 along the axis of the drill head 102, and the end of the movable rod 106 extends into the first mounting cavity 125. An operating port 107 is constructed at this end of the movable rod 106 to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the movable rod 106 and the elastic component. In this embodiment, the elastic component includes a rigid spring 110 coaxially disposed in the first mounting cavity 125. The two ends of the rigid spring 110 are respectively fixed with a first connecting seat 111 and a second connecting seat 114. The first connecting seat 111 is threadedly connected to the movable rod 106, and the second connecting seat 114 is mounted in the second mounting cavity 116. The end of the second connecting seat 114 away from the adapter post 118 is pressed against the interface between the second mounting cavity 116 and the first mounting cavity 125. Two limiting strips 113 are constructed circumferentially within the first assembly cavity 125, each limiting strip 113 extending axially along the first assembly cavity 125. A limiting groove 112 is formed on the circumferential surface of the first connecting seat 111 at a position corresponding to each limiting strip 113, and the limiting strip 113 is adapted to the limiting groove 112. A buffer block 117 is provided between the adapter seat and the second connecting seat 114.

[0031] In this embodiment, the drilling roller 101 has a coaxially connected first assembly cavity 125 and second assembly cavity 116, and the first assembly cavity 125 is connected to the assembly hole 115 of the drilling head 102. This provides a coaxial mounting and movement reference for the elastic component, the adapter column 118, and the movable rod 106 of the jet-type striking head 103. This ensures that the movement of all internal components is along the axis of the multi-drilling mechanism 100, avoiding radial offset that could cause inaccurate striking and buffering actions. It also ensures that the reciprocating striking force of the jet-type striking head 103 acts on the face of the tunnel along the positive axis, without radial component force causing equipment overload or sand layer compression and collapse. The second assembly cavity 116 penetrates one end of the drilling roller 101 near the rotary mechanism 200. This facilitates the insertion of the adapter column 118 and the elastic component into the assembly cavity from the end, adapting to the narrow construction space at the tunnel face. It allows the internal components to be installed without disassembling the external structure of the multi-drilling mechanism 100. It also allows the adapter column 118 to be directly connected to the rotary mechanism 200, enabling the direct transmission of power from the rotary mechanism 200 to the elastic component and the jet-type striking head 103, thus reducing power loss.

[0032] In this embodiment, the axial limiting strip 113 in the first assembly cavity 125 is precisely matched with the limiting groove 112 on the circumferential surface of the first connecting seat 111, forming a circumferential anti-rotation structure. This structure prevents the rigid spring 110 from circumferentially torturing during compression and rebound, avoiding spring failure and elastic force attenuation. It also fixes the relative position of the first connecting seat 111 and the movable rod 106, preventing the threaded connection from loosening during high-frequency striking and rotary cutting, and ensuring the continuity of the striking action. The anti-rotation structure allows the movable rod 106 to only reciprocate linearly along the axis without circumferential rotation, preventing rotational friction between the movable rod 106 and the inner wall of the assembly hole 115, reducing component wear and jamming risks. At the same time, it ensures that the orientation of the jet hole 109 on the jet-type striking head 103 remains stable, ensuring that the high-pressure jet accurately acts on the tunneling face, improving the jet erosion, dust suppression, and cooling effects.

[0033] In this embodiment, a buffer block 117 is provided between the adapter post 118 and the second connecting seat 114. This buffer block effectively absorbs the axial impact reaction force generated during the hammering and cutting process, preventing the impact load from being directly transmitted to the rotary mechanism 200 and the rotating mechanism 400 through the adapter post 118. This protects the transmission structures such as worm gears and gear meshing, reduces tooth surface wear and meshing clearance, improves the overall transmission stability of the equipment, and reduces the failure rate. The buffer block 117 can disperse the local pressure of the adapter post 118 on the second connecting seat 114, preventing the second connecting seat 114 from deforming or cracking due to long-term high pressure. At the same time, it reduces hard contact wear between the adapter post 118 and the second connecting seat 114, extends their service life, and reduces equipment maintenance costs. In this implementation, the elastic components, adapter column 118, jet-type hammer head 103, and movable rod 106 are all integrated inside the drilling roller 101, eliminating external redundant structures. This makes the overall structure of the multi-drilling mechanism 100 compact, avoiding interference with the surrounding rock and support structure of the tunnel, and adapting to confined construction spaces. At the same time, the internal components work in synergy with the external spiral blades 104 and cutting teeth 105. The jet-type hammer head 103 breaks hard points, the jet erodes the sand layer, the cutting teeth 105 cuts and excavates, and the spiral blades 104 remove slag, realizing an integrated composite operation of hammering, jetting, cutting, and slag removal, which greatly improves the efficiency of sand layer excavation.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, a jet distribution ring 122 is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller 101 near the rotary mechanism 200. An annular liquid inlet cavity 124 is formed between the jet distribution ring 122 and the drilling roller 101. A liquid inlet connector 123 communicating with the annular liquid inlet cavity 124 is constructed on the jet distribution ring 122. Multiple jet holes 109 are evenly opened on the jet-type striking head 103. A first channel 108 is opened along the axis of the movable rod 106. The first channel 108 passes through the movable rod 106 and the jet-type striking head 103, and the first channel 108 communicates with each jet hole 109. A second channel 119 is provided inside the adapter post 118. The second channel 119 is connected to the second connecting hole 121 on the drilling roller 101 via the first connecting hole 120 on the adapter post 118. The second connecting hole 121 is connected to the annular liquid inlet chamber 124, thereby enabling the annular liquid inlet chamber 124 to connect to each jet hole 109.

[0035] In this embodiment, the jet distribution ring 122 is coaxially rotatably connected to the drilling roller 101. When the multi-drilling mechanism 100 rotates under the drive of the rotary mechanism 200, the jet distribution ring 122 remains fixed, and the inlet connector 123 can continuously and stably connect to the external liquid supply pipeline, completely avoiding the problem of pipeline entanglement and breakage due to the rotation of the multi-drilling mechanism 100, realizing uninterrupted continuous liquid supply, and ensuring the continuous operation of jet erosion, cooling, and dust suppression. The jet distribution ring 122 and the drilling roller 101 form an annular liquid inlet chamber 124, replacing the traditional single-channel liquid supply structure, allowing high-pressure / pulse pressure water to be evenly distributed in the annular liquid inlet chamber 124, and then transported to the jet hole 109 through the subsequent channel, avoiding local pressure loss during liquid supply, ensuring that the outlet water pressure and flow rate of each jet hole 109 are consistent, and realizing uniform jet coverage of the tunnel face excavation area. The annular inlet chamber 124 is a closed structure and is coaxially designed with the drilling roller 101. This effectively prevents sand and loose sand from entering the jet channel and causing blockage, while reducing pressurized water leakage, improving hydraulic utilization, and reducing construction water consumption.

[0036] In this embodiment, the first channel 108 within the movable rod 106 extends through to the jet-type striking head 103 and is directly connected to each jet hole 109, allowing pressurized water to be directly delivered to the tunneling end. The jet holes 109 are close to the working face area, significantly improving the accuracy of jet erosion and avoiding diffusion loss of pressurized water during long-distance transport. Simultaneously, pulsed pressurized water can directly drive the jet-type striking head 103 to complete the striking action through this channel, achieving the same power source for jet and striking, simplifying the structural design. The second channel 119 within the adapter column 118 achieves precise connection between the annular inlet chamber 124 and the first channel 108 within the movable rod 106, creating a hydraulic connection between the fixed annular inlet chamber 124 and the reciprocating movable rod 106. When the movable rod 106 reciprocates along the axis during striking, the jet channel remains continuous, preventing flow interruption due to component movement and ensuring the synchronization of jet and striking actions.

[0037] In this embodiment, the jet channel is not an additional component, but rather created by reusing the internal space of the drilling roller 101, the adapter column 118, and the movable rod 106. This deeply integrates hydraulic delivery with the component structure, eliminating the need for complex jet pipelines outside the multi-position drilling mechanism 100. This results in a more compact and smaller overall structure for the multi-position drilling mechanism 100, effectively avoiding interference with the surrounding rock and support structure of the tunnel, and perfectly adapting to the narrow construction space at the tunnel face. The adapter column 118 and the movable rod 106 not only perform mechanical transmission, elastic buffering, and impact actions, but also serve as components of the jet channel. This multi-functional approach significantly simplifies the internal structure of the multi-position drilling mechanism 100, reduces the number of parts, lowers the equipment failure rate and maintenance costs, and simultaneously improves the degree of structural integration.

[0038] The design of the jet channel in this embodiment is the core hydraulic support for the composite tunneling function of the entire device. It not only solves the problem of continuous fluid supply in the 100° rotation state of the multi-drilling mechanism, but also realizes the synchronous drive of jet and impact, and the efficient coordination of jet and cutting. At the same time, it takes into account the compactness of the structure, disassembly and maintenance, and construction safety. It is perfectly adapted to the complex tunneling conditions of sandy mountain tunnel faces, and maximizes the role of high pressure / pulse pressure water, greatly improving the tunneling efficiency and adaptability of the device.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting and drilling device for a cantilever tunneling machine, characterized in that: The system includes two multi-drilling positions symmetrically mounted on either side of a rotary mechanism. The two multi-drilling positions are coaxially arranged, and a rotating mechanism is installed between the rotary mechanism and the adapter arm. The adapter arm is detachably connected to a hydraulic cantilever. The rotating mechanism drives the rotary mechanism and the two multi-drilling positions to rotate along the rotation axis of the rotary mechanism. The rotary mechanism drives the two multi-drilling positions to rotate along their respective axes. The rotary mechanism includes a transmission worm gear rotatably mounted within an assembly housing. The transmission worm gear is connected to a transmission worm. One axial end of the moving worm gear is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first hydraulic motor, and each of the multi-drilling mechanisms is detachably connected to the corresponding side of the transmission worm wheel; a connecting sleeve is constructed in the middle of the transmission worm wheel, and the corresponding side of the multi-drilling mechanism is threadedly connected to the connecting sleeve; the multi-drilling mechanism includes a drilling roller, a drilling head, and a jet-type striking head connected sequentially in the direction opposite to the rotary mechanism, with the axes of the three coinciding; one axial end of the drilling roller is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism, and the radial length of the drilling head decreases from the drilling roller to the jet-type striking head.

2. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller is provided with helical blades extending helically along its axis. One end of the helical blades is constructed at the end of the drilling roller near the rotating mechanism, and the other end of the helical blades extends to the small diameter end of the drilling head.

3. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple cutting teeth are fixed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the drilling roller and the drilling head.

4. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling roller has a first assembly cavity and a second assembly cavity coaxially connected to each other. The first assembly cavity is close to the drilling head, and the end of the second assembly cavity away from the first assembly cavity passes through the end of the drilling roller close to the rotary mechanism. An elastic component is installed in the first assembly cavity. One end of the jet-type striking head extends into the first assembly cavity and is connected to the elastic component. A transition post is installed in the second assembly cavity. One end of the transition post presses against the end of the elastic component away from the jet-type striking head, and the other end of the transition post is detachably connected to the rotary mechanism.

5. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The jet-type striking head has a movable rod that extends movably into the first assembly cavity along the axis of the drill head. The elastic component includes a rigid spring coaxially disposed in the first assembly cavity. A first connecting seat and a second connecting seat are fixed to the two ends of the rigid spring, respectively. The first connecting seat is detachably connected to the movable rod. The second connecting seat is assembled in the second assembly cavity, and the end of the second connecting seat away from the adapter post is pressed against the interface between the second assembly cavity and the first assembly cavity.

6. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A jet distribution ring is coaxially rotatably connected to the outer circumferential surface of the drilling roller near the rotary mechanism. An annular liquid inlet cavity is formed between the jet distribution ring and the drilling roller. A liquid inlet connector communicating with the annular liquid inlet cavity is constructed on the jet distribution ring. Multiple jet holes are evenly opened on the jet-type striking head. The annular liquid inlet cavity communicates with each jet hole.

7. The cantilever tunneling machine cutting and drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism includes a driven gear coaxially mounted on a rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a fixed seat on the rotary mechanism, and the other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a transfer arm. A second hydraulic motor is mounted on the transfer arm, and a driving gear is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the second hydraulic motor. The driving gear and the driven gear mesh with each other.

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