A type of rubber stack for rail vehicles with uniform stress distribution
By using a multi-layer metal reinforcement structure and a vulcanized support plate design, the stress concentration problem of rubber stacks for rail vehicles was solved, resulting in improved stress uniformity and stiffness, extended service life, and reduced failure rate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- QINGDAO HENGQUANSHUN CNC MACHINERY CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional rail vehicle rubber stacks suffer from stress concentration, resulting in stress in the edge area reaching 3-5 times that in the center area. Uneven stress distribution causes the edge rubber to crack first, and the stiffness changes significantly with frequency, leading to unstable dynamic performance.
The design employs a multi-layer metal reinforcement structure, including a central metal sphere, multiple rubber layers, and metal reinforcing plates. The support base has inclined surfaces and circular holes, which, combined with the vulcanized support plate, form a continuous material transition, avoiding abrupt changes in interface stress and enhancing the overall stiffness and uniformity of the rubber stack.
It effectively reduces stress concentration, improves dynamic load transfer efficiency, extends the service life of rubber stacks, reduces failure rate and maintenance costs, and improves the stress uniformity and stiffness of rubber stacks.
Smart Images
Figure CN224283311U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail vehicle parts technology, specifically to a rubber stack for rail vehicles with uniform stress distribution. Background Technology
[0002] Rubber stacks for rail vehicles are elastic elements used in the suspension systems of rail vehicles. Their core feature is the ability to achieve a "uniform" load distribution. This design, through special structure and material selection, ensures that the stress distribution in various parts is uniform during vehicle operation, avoiding premature failure caused by local stress concentration.
[0003] Traditional rubber stacks exhibit stress concentration, with stress in the edge region reaching 3-5 times that in the center region. This results in uneven stress distribution, causing the edge rubber to crack first. The stiffness varies significantly with frequency, and the stiffness decreases by about 8% when the temperature increases by 10°C, leading to unstable dynamic performance. Utility Model Content
[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved
[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.
[0006] Two technical solutions
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles, comprising a support base, a central metal sphere fixedly installed inside the support base, a first rubber layer fixedly installed outside the central metal sphere, a first supporting sphere fixedly installed outside the first rubber layer, a second rubber layer fixedly installed outside the first supporting sphere, a second supporting sphere fixedly installed outside the second rubber layer, a third rubber layer fixedly installed outside the second supporting sphere, and an outer rubber layer fixedly installed outside the third rubber layer. A reinforcing metal plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support base. A first inclined surface is provided on the upper side of the support base, and a second inclined surface is provided on the lower side of the support base. A first reinforcing plate is fixedly installed on the top of the support base, and a top plate is fixedly installed on the top of the first reinforcing plate. A first suspension boss is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate, and a first protrusion is fixedly installed on the top of the first suspension boss. A second reinforcing plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support base, and a bottom plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second reinforcing plate. A second suspension boss is fixedly installed on the bottom of the bottom plate, and a second protrusion is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second suspension boss.
[0008] Preferably, one first suspension boss is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate, and two second suspension bosses are fixedly installed on the bottom sides of the bottom plate.
[0009] Preferably, the surface of the support base has a circular hole.
[0010] Preferably, two sets of metal reinforcing strips are fixedly installed on both the surface and the back side of the support base.
[0011] Preferably, the support base, top plate, and bottom plate are vulcanized together.
[0012] Preferably, the first rubber layer, the first supporting sphere, the second rubber layer, the second supporting sphere, the third rubber layer, and the outer rubber layer are all vulcanized together.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles, which has the following beneficial effects: The uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles has a cylindrical support plate with a first and second inclined surface, which reduces stress concentration. Through the multi-layer metal reinforcement structure design, local stress concentration is reduced, dynamic load transfer efficiency is improved, and the longitudinal and lateral stiffness of the rubber stack is increased, resulting in uniform stress on the rubber stack, extending the service life of the rubber stack, increasing the replacement cycle, reducing the failure rate, and lowering maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the central metal sphere structure of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model.
[0017] In the diagram: 1. Support base; 2. Central metal sphere; 3. First rubber layer; 4. First supporting sphere; 5. Second rubber layer; 6. Second supporting sphere; 7. Third rubber layer; 8. Outer rubber layer; 9. Reinforcing metal plate; 10. Circular hole; 11. Metal reinforcing strip; 13. Reinforcing plate one; 14. Top plate; 15. First suspension boss; 16. First protrusion; 17. Reinforcing plate two; 18. Bottom plate; 19. Second suspension boss; 20. Second protrusion; 101. First inclined surface; 102. Second inclined surface. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles includes a support base 1. A central metal sphere 2 is fixedly installed inside the support base 1. A first rubber layer 3 is fixedly installed on the outside of the central metal sphere 2. A first supporting sphere 4 is fixedly installed on the outside of the first rubber layer 3. A second rubber layer 5 is fixedly installed on the outside of the first supporting sphere 4. A second supporting sphere 6 is fixedly installed on the outside of the second rubber layer 5. A third rubber layer 7 is fixedly installed on the outside of the second supporting sphere 6. An outer rubber layer 8 is fixedly installed on the outside of the third rubber layer 7. A reinforcing metal plate 9 is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer rubber layer 8. The upper side of the support base 1 is provided with a first inclined surface 101, the lower side of the support base 1 is provided with a second inclined surface 102, a first reinforcing plate 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the support base 1, a top plate 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the first reinforcing plate 13, a first hanging boss 15 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 14, a first protrusion 16 is fixedly installed on the top of the first hanging boss 15, a second reinforcing plate 17 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support base 1, a bottom plate 18 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second reinforcing plate 17, a second hanging boss 19 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the bottom plate 18, and a second protrusion 20 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second hanging boss 19.
[0020] Furthermore, one first suspension boss 15 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 14, and two second suspension bosses 19 are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate 18.
[0021] Through the above technical solution, the spacing between the bosses on both sides of the bottom can effectively resist the lateral bending moment generated during operation, and improve the uniformity of torque distribution when passing through curves.
[0022] Furthermore, a circular hole 10 is provided on the surface of the support base 1.
[0023] The above technical solution reduces the stress concentration factor at the edge of the support base 1, and the arrangement of the circular holes 10 can adjust the axial stiffness of the support base 1.
[0024] Furthermore, two sets of metal reinforcing strips 11 are fixedly installed on both the surface and the back sides of the support base 1.
[0025] Through the above technical solution, the bidirectional metal reinforcing strip 11 forms a reinforced frame, enhances multi-directional stiffness, reduces the strain amplitude of the rubber body, and reduces the fatigue hotspots of the rubber body.
[0026] Furthermore, the support base 1, top plate 14, and bottom plate 18 are vulcanized together.
[0027] Through the above technical solutions, vulcanization molding eliminates the sudden changes in local stiffness caused by traditional bolted connections, allowing stress to be transmitted naturally and smoothly in the structure.
[0028] Furthermore, the first rubber layer 3, the first supporting sphere 4, the second rubber layer 5, the second supporting sphere 6, the third rubber layer 7, and the outer rubber layer 8 are all vulcanized together.
[0029] The above technical solution effectively avoids the common problem of sudden stress change at the interface in traditional layered structures. This continuous material transition can evenly distribute the load throughout the entire structure, significantly reducing local stress concentration.
[0030] Working principle: First, the first suspension boss 15 is connected to the primary suspension of the vehicle bogie by bolts, and the second suspension boss 19 is connected to the secondary suspension of the vehicle bogie by bolts. The design of the central metal ball 2, the first rubber layer 3, the first supporting ball 4, the second rubber layer 5, the second supporting ball 6, the third rubber layer 7, and the outer rubber layer 8 ensures that the rubber stack is subjected to uniform force. The cylindrical design of the support seat 1 ensures that the rubber stack is subjected to uniform force in the longitudinal and lateral directions. The upper and lower ends of the support seat 1 are designed with a first inclined surface 101 and a second inclined surface 102, respectively, which improves the performance of the rubber stack. The reinforcement plate 13 and the reinforcement plate 17 on the top of the support seat 1 further enhance safety and improve the overall operational safety.
[0031] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A rubber stack for rail vehicles with uniform stress distribution, comprising a support base (1), characterized in that: A central metal ball (2) is fixedly installed inside the support base (1). A first rubber layer (3) is fixedly installed on the outside of the central metal ball (2). A first supporting ball (4) is fixedly installed on the outside of the first rubber layer (3). A second rubber layer (5) is fixedly installed on the outside of the first supporting ball (4). A second supporting ball (6) is fixedly installed on the outside of the second rubber layer (5). A third rubber layer (7) is fixedly installed on the outside of the second supporting ball (6). An outer rubber layer (8) is fixedly installed on the outside of the third rubber layer (7). A reinforcing metal plate (9) is fixedly installed on the outside of the outer rubber layer (8). A first inclined surface (10) is provided on the upper side of the support base (1). 1) A second inclined surface (102) is provided at the lower side of the support base (1). A first reinforcing plate (13) is fixedly installed on the top of the support base (1). A top plate (14) is fixedly installed on the top of the first reinforcing plate (13). A first hanging boss (15) is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate (14). A first protrusion (16) is fixedly installed on the top of the first hanging boss (15). A second reinforcing plate (17) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the support base (1). A bottom plate (18) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second reinforcing plate (17). A second hanging boss (19) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the bottom plate (18). A second protrusion (20) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the second hanging boss (19).
2. The uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: One first suspension boss (15) is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate (14), and two second suspension bosses (19) are fixedly installed on both sides of the bottom of the bottom plate (18).
3. The uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the support base (1) is provided with a circular hole (10).
4. The uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two sets of metal reinforcing strips (11) are fixedly installed on both the surface and the back side of the support base (1).
5. A uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support base (1), top plate (14) and bottom plate (18) are vulcanized together.
6. A uniformly stressed rubber stack for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first rubber layer (3), the first supporting sphere (4), the second rubber layer (5), the second supporting sphere (6), the third rubber layer (7), and the outer rubber layer (8) are all vulcanized together.