A type of fiber-impregnated capacitor sleeve
By using a multi-layer composite structure of resin-impregnated fiber capacitor sleeves, the problems of low dielectric constant and poor thermal conductivity of traditional solid dielectric materials are solved, achieving high capacitance, low discharge risk and good heat dissipation, thus extending the service life of the equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANGNORE (JIANGSU) HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional solid dielectric materials have low dielectric constants, resulting in small capacitance, severe electric field distortion, and a tendency for partial discharge. They also have poor thermal conductivity, leading to aging of insulating materials and shortened equipment lifespan.
The adhesive-impregnated fiber capacitor-type bushing includes an insulating substrate layer, a dielectric reinforcement layer, a liquid filling layer, and a mechanical reinforcement layer. The dielectric properties and thermal conductivity are optimized through a multi-layer composite structure, and the electric field distribution and heat dissipation performance are optimized by using high dielectric materials and liquid filling layers.
It significantly improves capacitor characteristics, reduces the risk of partial discharge, enhances electric field uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency, and extends equipment lifespan.
Smart Images
Figure CN224287879U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of capacitor sleeve technology, specifically to a fiber-impregnated capacitor sleeve. Background Technology
[0002] In high-voltage power equipment, capacitors, and cable insulation systems, capacitive bushings are critical insulation components, and their performance directly affects the safety and stability of the entire system. Traditional capacitive bushings primarily use solid high-dielectric materials (such as epoxy resin and ceramics) as the insulation layer, and enhance their mechanical properties through composite structures. However, these bushings suffer from the following technical problems during long-term operation:
[0003] Traditional solid dielectric materials have low dielectric constants, resulting in small capacitance under high electric field environments, which affects the optimization of equipment electrical performance. Due to the possible microscopic defects or inhomogeneous structures within solid materials, electric field distortion can easily occur, thereby affecting insulation performance and potentially inducing partial discharge (PD), reducing the long-term operational stability of the equipment.
[0004] Traditional bushings may develop tiny air gaps or interface discontinuities during the manufacturing process. Under high voltage, these air gaps become areas of concentrated electric field, making them prone to partial discharge (PD). Due to the cumulative effect of partial discharge, the aging of the insulation material is accelerated, leading to a decrease in the bushing's electrical breakdown withstand capability and shortening the equipment's service life.
[0005] High-voltage power equipment generates heat during operation. Traditional solid insulating bushings, due to their low thermal conductivity, have difficulty dissipating heat quickly, leading to excessively high local temperatures. Under prolonged operation, heat accumulation can cause the insulation material to age and crack, or even lead to insulation failure, thus affecting the stability of the power system.
[0006] In view of this, this paper studies and improves upon existing problems, providing a fiber-impregnated capacitive sleeve to solve current issues. The aim is to address these problems and enhance practical value through this technology. Utility Model Content
[0007] This utility model provides a resin-impregnated fiber capacitor bushing, whose main structure includes an insulating matrix layer, a dielectric reinforcement layer, a liquid filling layer, a mechanical reinforcement layer, and an outer protective structure. The multi-layer composite structure optimizes the dielectric properties, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength to meet the usage requirements of high-voltage electrical equipment, capacitors, and cable insulation systems.
[0008] This utility model provides a fiber-impregnated capacitor-type sleeve, comprising:
[0009] The insulating substrate layer is made of impregnated glass fiber, aramid fiber or polyimide fiber material and is cured to form a tubular structure to provide basic electrical insulation and mechanical support.
[0010] A dielectric reinforcement layer, located outside the insulating substrate layer, is filled with a high-dielectric material with a porous sintered structure, including barium titanate (BaTiO3), boron nitride (BN), or a composite thereof. The porous sintered structure has an interconnected pore network to optimize the electric field distribution and form thermally conductive channels.
[0011] A liquid filling layer is filled into the pores of the dielectric reinforcement layer. The liquid filling layer includes silicone oil or transformer oil to improve the dielectric properties of the bushing and enhance its heat dissipation capacity. The liquid filling layer is filled into the pores of the dielectric reinforcement layer by a vacuum impregnation process to ensure uniform filling.
[0012] A mechanical reinforcement layer, covering the outside of the dielectric reinforcement layer, is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material or glass fiber reinforced plastic. The mechanical reinforcement layer adopts a cross-wound structure to improve tensile strength and impact resistance, and prevent deformation or cracking during long-term use.
[0013] The outer protective structure, located outside the mechanical reinforcement layer, is made of hydrophobic polymer material. The outer protective structure includes fluorinated polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to provide weather resistance and waterproof and moisture-proof functions, ensuring long-term stable operation of the bushing in harsh environments.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the porosity of the dielectric reinforcement layer is set to 30%-70% to balance the dielectric constant and thermal conductivity.
[0015] In another embodiment, the high dielectric material of the dielectric enhancement layer is nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles or boron nitride (BN) particles with a particle size range of 50nm-200nm, to ensure high dielectric performance.
[0016] In a further optimized design, a thermally conductive filling layer is provided between the mechanical reinforcement layer and the outer protective structure. The thermally conductive filling layer is composed of alumina, boron nitride, or carbon nanotube fillers to enhance heat dissipation performance, reduce local heat accumulation, and improve the long-term stability of the equipment.
[0017] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:
[0018] 1. In this utility model, a porous dielectric reinforcement layer with a high dielectric constant is used, which is filled with high dielectric materials such as barium titanate (BaTiO3) and boron nitride (BN), which significantly improves the capacitance characteristics of the bushing, reduces local electric field distortion, and improves the uniformity of electric field distribution. The use of a liquid filling layer effectively fills the pores of the dielectric layer, avoids the existence of air gaps, thereby reducing the risk of partial discharge (PD) and improving the bushing's resistance to electrical breakdown.
[0019] 2. In this invention, the porous dielectric reinforcement layer forms a heat-conducting channel, which, combined with the efficient heat transfer effect of the liquid filling layer, enables the bushing to have good heat dissipation capacity, avoiding the problem of excessive local temperature rise caused by prolonged high-voltage operation. The addition of a thermally conductive filling layer further improves heat conduction efficiency, effectively reducing heat accumulation during long-term operation and extending the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Figure label:
[0023] 1. Insulating substrate layer; 2. Dielectric reinforcement layer; 3. Liquid filling layer; 4. Mechanical reinforcement layer; 5. Outer protective structure. Detailed Implementation
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features of the present utility model can be combined with each other.
[0025] It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of this invention.
[0026] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-2 This invention describes a fiber-impregnated capacitor sleeve provided by some embodiments of the present invention.
[0027] This utility model provides a fiber-impregnated capacitor-type bushing, comprising an insulating substrate layer 1, a dielectric reinforcement layer 2, a liquid filling layer 3, a mechanical reinforcement layer 4, and an outer protective structure 5, wherein the structure of each part and their interrelationship are as follows:
[0028] The insulating substrate layer 1 is made of impregnated glass fiber, aramid fiber, or polyimide fiber and is cured to form a tubular structure. This layer has excellent mechanical strength and electrical insulation properties, providing basic support for the bushing.
[0029] The dielectric reinforcement layer 2 is located outside the insulating substrate layer 1 and is filled with a high-dielectric material with a porous sintered structure. The material includes barium titanate (BaTiO3), boron nitride (BN), or a composite thereof. The porous structure of the dielectric reinforcement layer 2 is fabricated by template sintering, freeze-drying, or 3D printing sintering, with a porosity ranging from 30% to 70%. This structure optimizes the dielectric distribution under an electric field and forms thermally conductive channels, improving the thermal management performance of the sleeve.
[0030] A liquid filling layer 3 fills the pores of the dielectric reinforcement layer 2. The liquid filling layer 3 is made of silicone oil or transformer oil and is used to fill the gaps, reduce dielectric loss, and improve heat dissipation performance. The liquid filling adopts a vacuum impregnation process to ensure uniform penetration into the interior of the dielectric reinforcement layer 2, effectively avoid air residue, and improve the withstand voltage strength and long-term stability of the bushing.
[0031] The mechanical reinforcement layer 4 covers the outside of the dielectric reinforcement layer 2 and is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material or glass fiber reinforced plastic. This layer adopts a cross-wound structure, which can enhance the tensile strength, impact resistance and mechanical stability of the sleeve, and prevent cracking or deformation during long-term use.
[0032] The outer protective structure 5 is located outside the mechanical reinforcement layer 4 and is made of hydrophobic polymer materials such as fluorinated polymers, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), or polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). It has the ability to resist moisture, corrosion, and high temperature aging, effectively improving the suitability of the casing in complex environments.
[0033] In this embodiment, through a multi-layered composite design, the present invention effectively optimizes dielectric properties, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, and is applicable to fields such as high-voltage electrical equipment, capacitors, and insulated pipes.
[0034] In another preferred embodiment, the high dielectric material of the dielectric enhancement layer 2 is nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles or boron nitride (BN) particles, with a particle size range of 50 nm to 200 nm, to ensure a high dielectric constant and to fully integrate with the liquid filling layer 3, thereby improving the stability and insulation effect of the system.
[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, an adhesive reinforcement layer is further provided between the insulating substrate layer 1 and the dielectric reinforcement layer 2 to improve the bonding strength between the layers, prevent the dielectric layer from delaminating due to long-term operation, and ensure the reliability of the bushing during long-term operation.
[0036] In another embodiment, a thermally conductive filling layer is further provided between the mechanically reinforcing layer 4 and the outer protective structure 5. This layer is made of high thermal conductivity fillers such as alumina, boron nitride, and carbon nanotube fillers, which are used to enhance the overall heat dissipation capacity of the sleeve and reduce the local temperature rise generated when current passes through, thereby improving the stability and service life of the equipment.
[0037] In another design, the liquid filling layer 3 is made of surface-modified high-dielectric oil, such as silicone oil or transformer oil with added functionalized nanoparticles, to improve its bonding ability with the dielectric enhancement layer 2 and prevent local dielectric performance degradation due to insufficient oil flow or penetration.
[0038] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A gel-impregnated fiber capacitor type bushing, characterized by, include: The insulating substrate layer (1) is made of impregnated glass fiber, aramid fiber or polyimide fiber material, forming a tubular structure; The dielectric reinforcement layer (2) is located outside the insulating substrate layer (1) and is filled with a high dielectric material with a porous sintered structure. The high dielectric material is nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles or boron nitride (BN) particles. The porous sintered structure has a connected pore network. A liquid filling layer (3) is filled in the pores of the dielectric reinforcement layer (2), and the liquid filling layer (3) includes silicone oil or transformer oil; The mechanical reinforcement layer (4) is wrapped around the outside of the dielectric reinforcement layer (2) and is made of carbon fiber reinforced composite material or glass fiber reinforced plastic; The outer protective structure (5), located outside the mechanical reinforcement layer (4), is made of hydrophobic polymer material to provide weather resistance and waterproof and moisture-proof functions.
2. The gel-impregnated fibrous capacitor-type bushing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric enhancement layer (2) has a porosity of 30%-70%, forming a porous structure with thermally conductive channels.
3. The gel-infused fiber capacitor type bushing according to claim 1, characterized by, The liquid filling layer (3) is filled into the pores of the dielectric reinforcement layer (2) by a vacuum impregnation process to ensure uniform filling.
4. The gel-infused fiber capacitor type bushing according to claim 1, characterized by, The mechanical reinforcement layer (4) has a cross-wound structure to improve tensile strength and impact resistance.
5. The gel-infused fibrous capacitor-type bushing of claim 1, wherein, The high dielectric material of the dielectric enhancement layer (2) is nano-sized barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles or boron nitride (BN) particles, and the size range of the particles is 50nm-200nm.
6. The gel-infused fibrous capacitor sleeve of claim 1, wherein, An adhesive reinforcement layer is provided between the insulating substrate layer (1) and the dielectric reinforcement layer (2) to improve the interlayer bonding strength.
7. The gel-infused fibrous capacitor-type bushing of claim 1, wherein, The porous structure of the dielectric reinforcement layer (2) is obtained by template sintering, freeze drying or 3D printing sintering to form uniformly distributed pores.
8. The impregnated fibrous capacitor sleeve of claim 1, wherein, A thermally conductive filling layer is provided between the mechanical reinforcement layer (4) and the outer protective structure (5) to improve heat dissipation performance.