Heat dissipation shell of high-temperature atomizer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation outer shell, which relates to the technical field of high-temperature atomizer components, and comprises a heat dissipation outer shell and a heat dissipation inner shell which are separated from each other, a cavity used for accommodating cooling media is arranged between the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell, and the cavity covers the whole exterior of an atomizer heat source. The cavity is provided with a flow choking structure, an inlet and an outlet of the cooling medium are formed in the two sides of the flow choking structure respectively, and the end of the flow choking structure extends to the boundary of the cavity. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide the heat dissipation shell of the high-temperature atomizer, which can realize forced directional flow, maximize heat transfer efficiency and avoid mixing of cold and hot, and is a stable and efficient internal cooling structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of high-temperature atomizer components, specifically to a heat dissipation shell for a high-temperature atomizer. Background Technology

[0002] In atomization processes used in metal powder preparation and high-temperature chemical reactions, the core components of atomizers are constantly exposed to extreme high-temperature environments, often exceeding 1000°C, facing severe challenges such as material softening failure, thermal stress cracking, and thermal deformation of critical dimensions. Traditional single-layer water-cooled jackets or simple internal cavity cooling methods have significant limitations: heat must be conducted through multiple layers of materials, resulting in high thermal resistance and low efficiency; more importantly, if the inlet and outlet design of the cooling medium is improper, such as without effective isolation, the heated medium and the newly injected cold medium mix prematurely within the cavity, severely weakening the effective temperature rise capacity of the cooling medium and the overall heat exchange efficiency, i.e., the "hot and cold mixing" effect, making it difficult to meet the urgent need for efficient, stable, and reliable cooling under high-temperature conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an internal cooling structure design that can achieve forced directional flow, maximize heat transfer efficiency, and avoid the mixing of hot and cold media to ensure the long-term stable operation of the atomizer at high temperatures. Utility Model Content

[0003] Technical problem to be solved by the utility model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a heat dissipation shell for a high-temperature atomizer, which can realize forced directional flow, maximize heat transfer efficiency, avoid mixing of hot and cold, and provide a stable and efficient internal cooling structure.

[0005] Technical solution

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation shell includes a heat dissipation outer shell and a heat dissipation inner shell spaced apart. A cavity for accommodating a cooling medium is provided between the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell. The cavity covers the entire exterior of the atomizer heat source. The cavity is provided with a flow-blocking structure. An inlet and an outlet for the cooling medium are respectively provided on both sides of the flow-blocking structure. The end of the flow-blocking structure extends to the boundary of the cavity.

[0008] The sealed cavity formed by the double-layer structure (heat dissipation outer shell and heat dissipation inner shell) provides a flow channel for the cooling medium (such as water or liquid nitrogen) to surround the core heat source of the atomizer, achieving overall encapsulated cooling of the outer surface of the heat source and maximizing the heat exchange contact area. The key design, the "flow-blocking structure," is located inside the cavity, with its ends extending to the cavity boundary. Essentially, it divides the single annular cavity and guides it into a specific flow path (such as a U-shaped or serpentine channel). This structure plays a crucial role: 1) Forcing the cooling medium to flow: It forces the cooling medium to flow along the specific path formed by the flow-blocking structure (rather than a direct short circuit) after entering from the inlet, and finally exits from the outlet, completely avoiding premature mixing of hot and cold media and ensuring that the cold medium can fully absorb heat; 2) Extending the flow path and residence time: It significantly increases the effective flow path length and contact time of the cooling medium in the high-temperature region, greatly improving heat exchange efficiency; 3) Promoting temperature uniformity: Guiding the medium to flow through most of the outer surface of the heat source helps reduce local hot spots and achieve a more uniform heat dissipation effect.

[0009] Optionally, the inner surfaces of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell are provided with several protrusions.

[0010] The protrusions located on the inner sides of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell have the core function of significantly enhancing the heat exchange efficiency between the cooling medium and the shell wall and improving structural stability. Specifically, its functions are as follows: 1) Increased effective heat transfer area: The raised structure directly increases the solid surface area within the cooling medium flow channel, providing more contact points for heat transfer from the high-temperature shell wall (especially the heat dissipation inner shell near the heat source) to the cooling medium; 2) Promotion of turbulence and disturbance: When the cooling medium flows through these raised structures, the flow state changes from possible laminar flow to more intense turbulence, effectively disrupting the thermal boundary layer (which is the main resistance to heat transfer) that is close to the shell wall, greatly reducing thermal resistance and accelerating the diffusion of heat to the medium core; 3) Enhanced medium mixing uniformity: The disturbance caused by the raised structures allows cooling media of different temperatures within the flow channel to mix thoroughly, avoiding localized overheating or temperature stratification, and ensuring uniform utilization of cooling capacity; 4) Structural reinforcement: When subjected to high-temperature heat loads and internal medium pressure, these raised structures act like tiny reinforcing ribs, dispersing stress, inhibiting shell wall deformation, improving the overall rigidity and compressive strength of the double-layer structure, and ensuring the sealing and shape stability of the cavity during long-term operation.

[0011] Alternatively, the protrusion may be a spherical protrusion.

[0012] 1) Efficiently expands heat transfer area: The spherical shape provides an excellent surface area to volume ratio, which can significantly increase the contact area between the cooling medium and the high-temperature shell wall under the same projected area or space occupation, thus enhancing heat transfer; 2) Optimizes flow characteristics and disturbance effect: The smooth streamlined contour of the spherical surface can more effectively guide the fluid around the convex shape (such as a cube or cylinder) compared to the sharp angular protrusions. While generating moderate turbulence to break the thermal boundary layer and enhance heat transfer, it can significantly reduce flow pressure drop and energy loss, and avoid affecting the cooling cycle efficiency due to excessive resistance; 3) Promotes uniform heat transfer and medium mixing: The three-dimensional vortex disturbance caused by the spherical convexity is more complete, which helps to eliminate local hot spots and promote the homogenization of the cooling medium temperature, maximizing the heat absorption capacity of the cooling medium.

[0013] Optionally, a connecting plate is connected to the top of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell, and the connecting plate is provided with an inlet and an outlet.

[0014] The connecting plate, located at the top of the outer and inner heat dissipation shells, serves the core function of achieving efficient integration, reliable sealing, and structural support for the cooling system. Its specific functions include: 1) Key interface integration: As a centralized input / output hub for the cooling medium, the inlet and outlet on the connecting plate directly connect to external circulation pipelines (pumps, heat exchangers, etc.), providing a simple and standardized external connection point for the entire cavity cooling system, simplifying system assembly and maintenance; 2) Structural sealing and pressure bearing: The connecting plate is rigidly connected to the top of the double-layer shell (e.g., by welding or flange sealing), forming a complete boundary for the sealed cavity, ensuring no leakage when containing cooling media (especially high-pressure water or easily vaporized liquid nitrogen), and withstanding internal pressure and external loads; 3) Precise flow path connection: The opening positions of the inlet and outlet strictly correspond to the two ends of the flow-blocking structure within the cavity, ensuring that the cooling medium flows along a preset path (e.g., U-shaped / serpentine), avoiding flow short circuits or dead zones caused by interface misalignment, and ensuring the effectiveness of the flow-blocking design; 4) Enhanced top rigidity: As a top cover, the connecting plate significantly improves the structural integrity and deformation resistance of the top of the double-layer shell.

[0015] Optionally, the distance between the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell is uniform.

[0016] Ensure the stability of the cooling medium flow, the uniformity of heat exchange, and the rationality of structural stress. The specific effects are as follows: 1) Optimize flow field distribution: The uniform gap forms a constant cross-section flow channel within the cavity covering the heat source, promoting a more uniform flow velocity distribution of the cooling medium (such as water or liquid nitrogen), effectively avoiding local eddies, stagnant zones, or high-speed jets caused by abrupt changes in channel width, thereby eliminating heat dissipation dead zones and maximizing the utilization rate of the cooling medium; 2) Improve heat exchange consistency: The constant spacing combined with the inner spherical convex design ensures that the thermal resistance of the path from the high-temperature inner shell to the cooling medium is relatively consistent, making the heat dissipation intensity of each area on the outer surface of the heat source more balanced, significantly reducing the risk of local overheating, and ensuring overall heat dissipation efficiency; 3) Reduce flow resistance and pump power consumption: Compared with the variable cross-section design, the uniform flow channel can reduce unnecessary flow separation and local pressure loss, which is beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of the circulation system (such as water pump); 4) Improve structural stress state: The uniform cavity thickness makes the stress distribution of the double shell more symmetrical and gentle when subjected to thermal expansion, internal medium pressure, and external loads, reducing the risk of stress concentration and enhancing the reliability and lifespan of the structure under high temperature and high pressure cyclic conditions.

[0017] Optionally, the lower part of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell is provided with a reduced diameter section, which matches the structural contour of the atomizer.

[0018] 1) Precision Fit and Space Optimization: The shape of the reduced diameter section precisely matches the external contour of key heat source components at the bottom of the atomizer (such as the nozzle throat, mixing chamber, or reaction zone), ensuring that the cooling cavity can tightly cover this high-heat-generating area, eliminating unnecessary gaps, and achieving direct and efficient coverage of the most critical hot spots by the cooling medium within a limited space, avoiding cooling blind spots; 2) Local Heat Flux Density Matching: Considering that the bottom of the atomizer usually has the highest heat load (such as molten metal flow or high-temperature reaction sites), the reduced diameter design decreases the cross-sectional area of ​​the cooling channel in this area (with constant flow rate), significantly increasing the local flow velocity and turbulence of the cooling medium. Combined with the spherical convex structure on the inner wall, it greatly enhances the heat transfer intensity of this hot spot area, effectively preventing burn-out or failure due to excessive heat flux density.

[0019] Alternatively, the flow-blocking structure is vertically arranged and separates the inlet and the outlet.

[0020] Vertical baffles act like internal walls, physically isolating the inlet and outlet areas and completely blocking the shortest path (short-circuit risk) for the cooling medium to flow directly from the inlet to the outlet. This forces the medium to flow around the baffle (usually along the bottom of the cavity or a specific designed path), ensuring that the cooling medium flows through a pre-defined, complete cooling area (especially the critical surfaces covering the heat source). Optimizing the flow field and heat exchange: Vertical placement is typically parallel to the axis of the heat source (such as the atomizer nozzle axis), effectively guiding the cooling medium along the length of the heat source.

[0021] Alternatively, the flow-blocking structure may be made of a heat-insulating material.

[0022] A vertically positioned flow-blocking structure, constructed with thermally insulating material, serves to physically isolate thermal and fluid management, maximizing cooling efficiency and optimizing system thermal stress distribution. The flow-blocking structure is located between the high-temperature heat source (heat dissipation shell) and the relatively low-temperature inlet region. If thermally conductive materials were used, heat would be directly conducted from the high-temperature zone (outlet / heat source side) to the inlet side through the flow-blocking plate itself, preheating the incoming cold medium. The extremely low thermal conductivity of the insulating material effectively blocks this harmful radial heat conduction path, ensuring that the cooling medium at the inlet maintains the lowest possible initial temperature.

[0023] Beneficial effects

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0025] The system employs a double-layer cavity to provide a flow channel for the cooling medium and achieve encapsulated heat exchange.

[0026] Forced flow path: Separates the cavity and defines the path that the cooling medium must follow (inlet -> long flow channel -> outlet);

[0027] Preventing short-circuit mixing: a crucial function! It ensures that the coolant absorbs sufficient heat before being discharged, avoiding efficiency loss;

[0028] Extending the flow path / time increases heat exchange opportunities and greatly improves efficiency.

[0029] Promotes uniform heat dissipation: guides the medium to cover a larger area, reducing the risk of localized overheating;

[0030] Overall effect: Effectively addresses the challenge of high-temperature heat dissipation and ensures equipment stability; Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation shell proposed for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation shell proposed for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 A top view of a high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation shell provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the heat dissipation shell and heat dissipation inner shell of a high-temperature atomizer, as proposed in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0035] 1. Motor; 2. Motor mount; 3. Gearbox; 4. Connecting plate; 5. Heat dissipation shell; 6. Heat dissipation inner shell; 7. Cooling medium; 8. Inlet; 9. Outlet; 10. Atomizing disc; 11. Locking nut; 12. High temperature tower; 13. Spherical protrusion; 14. Flow obstruction structure. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To further understand the content of this utility model, a detailed description of this utility model will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Combined with appendix Figure 1-4 A high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation shell 5 includes a spaced-out heat dissipation outer shell 5 and a heat dissipation inner shell 6. The tops of the heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6 are connected to a gearbox 3 via a connecting plate 4. A motor base 2 and a motor 1 are connected above the gearbox 3. The motor 1 is used to drive the atomizer's main shaft and atomizing disc 10. The heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6 are located inside a high-temperature tower 12. Pipes are provided at the inlet 8 and the outlet 9, extending to the outside of the tower.

[0039] Combined with appendix Figure 2 , 3 The cavity is equipped with a flow-blocking structure 14, with an inlet 8 and an outlet 9 for the cooling medium 7 on both sides of the flow-blocking structure 14. The ends of the flow-blocking structure 14 extend to the boundary of the cavity. The flow-blocking structure 14 is plate-shaped, vertically arranged, and separates the inlet 8 and outlet 9. The flow-blocking structure 14 is made of thermal insulation material. The flow-blocking structure 14 uses aerogel-reinforced silicon nitride ceramic (thermal conductivity <1.5W / (m·K)), and both sides are covered with a 0.2mm tantalum foil thermal shock resistant layer. The top of the partition is embedded in the lower groove of the connecting plate 4 (the gap is filled with ceramic fiber pads), and a 0.5mm expansion joint is reserved between the bottom and the inner wall of the reduced diameter section. Actual measurements show that this design reduces the temperature rise of the medium at the inlet 8 to <5℃ (compared to ≥25℃ for the metal partition scheme) and reduces the peak thermal stress by 62%.

[0040] Combined with appendix Figure 3 A cavity for accommodating the cooling medium 7 is provided between the heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6. The cavity covers the entire exterior of the atomizer's heat source. The heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6 are coaxially nested using a high-temperature alloy (such as GH4169), with a constant distance of 10±0.5mm between them, forming an annular sealed cavity. The cavity completely covers the atomizer's nozzle and reaction section (heat source area), and the distance between its inner contour and the outer wall of the heat source is ≤3mm. The flow obstruction structure 14 is a vertically arranged silicon nitride ceramic baffle with a thickness of 8mm, extending from the connecting plate 4 to the bottom of the cavity, dividing the cavity into independent inlet / outlet channels. The inlet 8 is located at the top left side of the baffle, and the outlet 9 is located at the top right side, forcing the cooling medium 7 to flow along a U-shaped path (long flow channel).

[0041] A connecting plate 4 is connected to the top of the heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6. The connecting plate 4 has an inlet 8 and an outlet 9. The connecting plate 4 has a double-layer flange structure: the lower layer is laser-welded to the heat dissipation inner shell 6, and the upper layer is bolted to the heat dissipation outer shell 5. The inlet 8 and outlet 9 are DN15 standard hydraulic interfaces, with a center distance of 50mm from the cavity width on both sides of the flow-blocking baffle. A stainless steel guide sleeve is pre-embedded inside the connecting plate 4. The guide sleeve of the inlet 8 extends 10mm to the top of the cavity, and the guide sleeve of the outlet 9 is flush with the top surface of the cavity to eliminate local eddies.

[0042] Combined with appendix Figure 3 The distance between the outer heat dissipation shell 5 and the inner heat dissipation shell 6 is uniform. The lower part of both the outer heat dissipation shell 5 and the inner heat dissipation shell 6 has a reduced diameter section, which matches the structural contour of the atomizer. The reduced diameter section of the lower shell is truncated cone-shaped (cone angle 30°), and its height accounts for 20% of the total height of the shell. After the reduction in diameter, the cavity spacing is compressed from 10mm to 5mm, increasing the flow velocity to 2.5m / s (standard section flow velocity 1.2m / s). The density of the spherical protrusion 13 on the inner wall of the reduced diameter section increases to 80%, achieving a local heat transfer coefficient of 35,000W / (m²·K) (liquid nitrogen medium) for the nozzle throat region (temperature > 1200℃).

[0043] Combined with appendix Figure 4 The inner surfaces of the heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6 are provided with several protrusions. These protrusions are spherical protrusions 13. Hemispherical protrusions 13 are evenly distributed on the inner wall surfaces of the heat dissipation outer shell 5 and the heat dissipation inner shell 6. The spherical protrusions 13 have a diameter of 2 mm and a height of 1 mm, and are distributed in a rhomboid array (spaced 4 mm apart). The projected area of ​​the spherical protrusions 13 accounts for 65% of the total inner wall area, increasing the effective heat transfer area to 2.1 times that of the original plane. When the cooling medium 7 flows through, the spherical protrusions 13 induce turbulence with a Reynolds number > 5000, reducing the thermal boundary layer thickness by 40% and increasing the heat transfer coefficient to 1.8 times that of a structure without protrusions.

[0044] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation shell for a high-temperature atomizer, characterized in that, It includes a heat dissipation outer shell and a heat dissipation inner shell separated from each other, and a cavity for containing a cooling medium is provided between the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell. The cavity covers the entire exterior of the atomizer heat source. The cavity is provided with a flow-blocking structure. The flow-blocking structure has an inlet and an outlet for the cooling medium on both sides, respectively. The end of the flow-blocking structure extends to the boundary of the cavity.

2. The heat dissipation housing for a high-temperature atomizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner surfaces of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell are provided with several protrusions.

3. The high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation housing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protrusion is a spherical protrusion.

4. The heat dissipation housing for a high-temperature atomizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting plate is connected to the top of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell, and the connecting plate has an inlet and an outlet.

5. The heat dissipation housing for a high-temperature atomizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the outer heat dissipation shell and the inner heat dissipation shell is uniform.

6. A high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation housing according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The lower part of the heat dissipation outer shell and the heat dissipation inner shell is provided with a reduced diameter section, which matches the structural outline of the atomizer.

7. The heat dissipation housing for a high-temperature atomizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow-blocking structure is vertically arranged and separates the inlet and the outlet.

8. A high-temperature atomizer heat dissipation housing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flow-blocking structure is made of heat-insulating material.

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