High purity graphite cyclone separator with tapered inlet

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of high purity graphite cyclone separation device of conical aggregate port belongs to separation device technical field, the high purity graphite cyclone separation device of this conical aggregate port includes cyclone separation cylinder, the air inlet pipe of being set in cyclone separation cylinder top, the exhaust pipe of being set in cyclone separation cylinder side surface and the conical aggregate port at cyclone separation cylinder bottom;The inner wall of the conical aggregate port is corrugated structure, the corrugated structure extends from the top of conical aggregate port to bottom, the air inlet pipe is communicated with cyclone separation cylinder interior, exhaust pipe is communicated with cyclone separation cylinder interior and position higher than conical aggregate port, the conical aggregate port bottom is equipped with discharge gate, the cyclone separation cylinder is cylindrical, air inlet pipe is obliquely inserted cyclone separation cylinder top, the center line of air inlet pipe and the center line of cyclone separation cylinder are set with acute angle, solve the technical problem that graphite particle is easily bounced and not completely separated due to the smooth inner wall of traditional conical aggregate port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of separation device technology, specifically, it relates to a high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port. Background Technology

[0002] High-purity graphite refers to graphite with a carbon content >99.99%. It is widely used in advanced refractory materials and coatings in the metallurgical industry, as a stabilizer in pyrotechnic materials in the military industry, as pencil leads in the light industry, as carbon brushes in the electrical industry, as electrodes in the battery industry, and as catalyst additives in the fertilizer industry. Cyclone separators, as a common gas-solid separation device, are widely used in the separation of graphite particles. Traditional graphite cyclone separators typically consist of a cyclone separator cylinder, an inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a conical collection port. Its working principle is that a mixed airflow containing graphite particles enters the cyclone separator cylinder tangentially at a certain speed through the inlet pipe, forming a high-speed rotating airflow inside the cylinder. Under the action of centrifugal force, the denser graphite particles are thrown against the wall of the separator and slide down the wall to the conical collection port, finally being discharged from the outlet at the bottom of the collection port.

[0003] However, existing graphite cyclone separators have several drawbacks in practical applications. Firstly, regarding separation efficiency, the inner wall of traditional conical collection inlets is typically a smooth plane. When graphite particles collide with the inner wall, they tend to bounce back, and some separated particles are re-entrained by the airflow, resulting in incomplete separation. This reduces the collection efficiency of graphite particles, increases the graphite particle content in the exhaust gas, wastes resources, and may put greater pressure on subsequent gas treatment processes. Secondly, the complex airflow movement within the cyclone separator, characterized by strong turbulence, makes it difficult to control the trajectory of graphite particles during separation, further affecting the stability of the separation effect. This leads to variations in the purity of graphite products produced in different batches, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-quality production. Furthermore, during long-term operation, the continuous collisions and friction between high-speed graphite particles and the inner wall of the device cause severe wear and tear. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting port, which solves the technical problem in the traditional high-purity graphite cyclone separator where the smooth inner wall of the conical collecting port causes graphite particles to easily rebound and the separation to be incomplete.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port, comprising a cyclone separator cylinder, an air inlet pipe disposed at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder, an exhaust pipe disposed on the side of the cyclone separator cylinder, and a conical collection port located at the bottom of the cyclone separator cylinder; the inner wall of the conical collection port has a corrugated structure, the corrugated structure extending from the top to the bottom of the conical collection port, the air inlet pipe communicating with the interior of the cyclone separator cylinder, the exhaust pipe communicating with the interior of the cyclone separator cylinder and positioned higher than the conical collection port, and a discharge port being provided at the bottom of the conical collection port.

[0007] The technical advantages of the high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port provided by this utility model are as follows:

[0008] This invention utilizes a cyclone separator cylinder, an inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, and a conical collection port with a corrugated inner wall. The inlet pipe connects to the cyclone separator cylinder, causing the graphite-containing airflow to rotate. The exhaust pipe discharges the separated gas. The conical collection port with its corrugated inner wall alters the direction of graphite particle movement, increasing the movement path and collision frequency, and amplifying the relative velocity difference between the particles and the airflow, thus achieving efficient separation. The outlet at the bottom of the conical collection port facilitates the collection of the separated graphite particles. The cyclone separator cylinder, inlet pipe, exhaust pipe, and conical collection port are all made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, including but not limited to stainless steel and ceramic composite materials.

[0009] Based on the above technical solution, the high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0010] The cyclone separator cylinder is cylindrical, with the air inlet pipe inserted obliquely into the top of the cyclone separator cylinder. The centerline of the air inlet pipe is set at an acute angle to the centerline of the cyclone separator cylinder, so that the incoming graphite-containing mixed airflow forms a rotating airflow inside the cyclone separator cylinder.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the inlet pipe is inserted at an angle into the top of the cyclone separator cylinder with its centerline set at an acute angle, which enables the incoming graphite-containing mixed airflow to quickly form a stable rotating airflow within the cyclone separator cylinder, enhancing centrifugal force and causing graphite particles to move towards the wall of the separator more quickly and separate, thereby improving separation efficiency. In use, the mixed airflow enters along the inclined inlet pipe and quickly begins the rotational separation process within the cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is perpendicular to the side wall of the cyclone separator cylinder, with the inlet end of the exhaust pipe located near the top of the cyclone separator cylinder, and the outlet end of the exhaust pipe used to discharge the separated gas.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the exhaust pipe is perpendicular to the side wall of the cyclone separator cylinder and the inlet end is close to the top. This setting allows the separated gas to be discharged smoothly, avoiding gas accumulation in the cylinder that would interfere with the separation process and ensuring stable operation of the device. During the separation of graphite-containing mixed gas flow, the separated gas rises to the top of the cylinder and is smoothly discharged from the vertically set exhaust pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the cone angle of the conical collection port ranges from 30° to 60°, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator body by welding or flange connection.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the cone angle range of 30°-60° of the conical collection port facilitates the smooth sliding of graphite particles under the action of gravity and centrifugal force; the top is welded or flanged to the bottom of the cyclone separator to ensure connection strength and sealing, preventing gas leakage and particle scattering. After separation, the graphite particles slide down the inner wall of the conical cavity and are discharged from the bottom outlet. The connection method ensures the structural stability of the device during operation.

[0016] Furthermore, the corrugated structure has a corrugated shape that is one of a sine wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave, with a vertical distance between the crests and troughs of the corrugations of 5-20 mm and a spacing of 10-30 mm between adjacent corrugations.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: Specific corrugated shapes (sine waves, square waves, sawtooth waves, etc.), vertical distances between crests and troughs, and spacing between adjacent corrugations, through optimized design, can effectively alter the trajectory of graphite particles, increase the number of collisions, and simultaneously rationally control airflow, ensuring thorough separation of particles and airflow, thus improving separation efficiency and effectiveness. In use, graphite particles collide with the inner wall of the corrugations and move along the designed trajectory, achieving highly efficient separation.

[0018] Furthermore, the corrugations of the corrugated structure are evenly distributed along the generatrix direction of the conical collection port, and the shape and size of each corrugation remain consistent.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the corrugations are evenly distributed along the generatrix of the conical collection port, ensuring the consistency of the effect of the entire inner wall of the collection port on the graphite particles and airflow, making the separation process more stable, avoiding differences in the separation effect in local areas, and improving the overall separation quality. Graphite particles in the mixed airflow undergo the same separation effect when passing through the entire inner wall of the conical collection port, ensuring a uniform and stable separation effect.

[0020] Furthermore, the discharge port is equipped with an openable and closable sealing door, which is connected to the bottom of the conical collection port via a hinge, and is used to control the discharge of the collected graphite particles.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the openable and closable sealing door at the discharge port facilitates control over the timing of graphite particle discharge, prevents external air from entering during the separation process and affecting the separation effect, and also avoids premature discharge of incompletely separated particles, ensuring the purity of the collected graphite particles. When it is necessary to collect graphite particles, the sealing door is opened and the particles are discharged; during the separation process, the sealing door is closed to maintain the internal working environment of the device.

[0022] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is equipped with a filter screen inside, which is used to further filter out any small amount of graphite particles that may be carried in the exhaust gas.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the filter screen inside the exhaust pipe can further filter out any small amount of graphite particles that may be carried in the exhaust gas, reducing the particulate matter content in the gas, reducing environmental pollution, and improving the graphite recycling rate. As the exhaust gas passes through the filter screen, the remaining small amount of particles are intercepted, achieving cleaner emissions and more complete graphite recovery.

[0024] Furthermore, an insulation layer is provided on the outside of the conical collection port. The insulation layer is made of insulation cotton material to reduce heat loss inside the device.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the insulation layer on the outside of the conical collection port reduces heat loss from the inside of the device, maintains a stable internal temperature, avoids the impact of temperature changes on the physical properties of graphite particles and the separation effect, and ensures the stable progress of the separation process. When handling temperature-sensitive graphite separation, the insulation layer maintains the internal temperature, so that the separation effect is not affected by temperature fluctuations.

[0026] Furthermore, the inlet end of the air intake pipe is equipped with a flow control valve, which is used to regulate the flow rate of the graphite-containing mixed airflow entering the cyclone separator.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the flow control valve at the inlet end of the air inlet pipe can adjust the flow rate of the graphite-containing mixed airflow entering the cyclone separator, enabling the device to adapt to different working conditions and processing requirements, and improving the versatility and flexibility of the device. When the flow rate of the mixed airflow changes or when processing materials of different concentrations and particle sizes, the flow control valve can be adjusted to ensure that the device is always in the optimal working state.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port provided by this utility model are:

[0029] In terms of improving separation efficiency, firstly, the corrugated structure of the inner wall of the conical collecting port plays a crucial role. When the mixed airflow containing graphite particles enters the cyclone separator, the graphite particles move towards the wall under centrifugal force and collide with the corrugated inner wall. Due to the presence of corrugations, the movement direction of the particles changes multiple times, significantly increasing their movement path within the collecting port and the number of collisions. This increases the relative velocity difference between the particles and the airflow, allowing the particles to separate from the airflow more quickly and effectively. The content of graphite particles in the exhaust gas is significantly reduced, effectively reducing resource waste and improving the recovery rate of graphite products. Secondly, the design of the multi-stage conical collecting port further optimizes the separation process. As the inner diameter of the collecting port gradually decreases, the velocity and pressure distribution of the airflow continuously change, causing the graphite particles to aggregate towards the wall more quickly and enhancing the squeezing effect on the particles. This helps to expel residual gas from the particles, further improving the separation effect and resulting in higher purity collected graphite products that can meet higher quality production requirements.

[0030] In terms of enhancing separation stability, the corrugated structure can reduce the turbulence of the airflow to a certain extent. In traditional devices, strong turbulence can easily cause separated particles to be re-entrained, leading to unstable separation results. This invention, however, uses the corrugated structure to impede and guide the airflow, making the airflow movement more stable and orderly, reducing the secondary entrainment of separated particles. Simultaneously, the corrugations are evenly distributed along the generatrix of the conical collection port, ensuring the consistency of the effect of the entire inner wall of the collection port on graphite particles and airflow. This allows the separation process to remain stable at different locations, avoiding differences in separation effects in localized areas. This ensures more stable and reliable quality of graphite products produced in different batches, effectively improving product consistency and yield.

[0031] In terms of extending the service life of the device, the various components made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials can effectively resist the wear and corrosion caused by graphite particles and airflow. Especially in critical areas prone to wear, such as the conical collection port, the corrugated structure, although increasing the number of particle collisions, can withstand the impact and friction of particles due to the excellent properties of the material, greatly reducing the wear of the components. In addition, the elastic buffer layer further absorbs the collision energy of particles, reducing the direct impact of particles on the inner wall, protecting the inner wall of the collection port, and thus extending the overall service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 An example diagram of a high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port;

[0034] Figure 2 A perspective view of a high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port;

[0035] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0036] 10. Cyclone separator body; 11. Air inlet pipe; 12. Exhaust pipe; 13. Conical collection port; 14. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 The image shows a first embodiment of a high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting port provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, it includes a cyclone separator cylinder 10, an air inlet pipe 11 disposed at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder 10, an exhaust pipe 12 disposed on the side of the cyclone separator cylinder 10, and a conical collecting port 13 located at the bottom of the cyclone separator cylinder 10. The inner wall of the conical collecting port 13 has a corrugated structure, which extends from the top to the bottom of the conical collecting port 13. The air inlet pipe 11 is connected to the interior of the cyclone separator cylinder 10, and the exhaust pipe 12 is connected to the interior of the cyclone separator cylinder 10 and is positioned higher than the conical collecting port 13. The bottom of the conical collecting port 13 is provided with a discharge port.

[0039] The graphite-containing gas mixture is introduced into the cyclone separator cylinder through the inlet pipe. The gas rotates inside the cylinder, and the graphite particles move towards the wall of the separator under the action of centrifugal force. After colliding with the corrugated inner wall, they are separated and collected through the outlet. The separated gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe.

[0040] In the above technical solution, the cyclone separator 10 is cylindrical, and the air inlet pipe 11 is inserted obliquely into the top of the cyclone separator 10. The center line of the air inlet pipe 11 is set at an acute angle with the center line of the cyclone separator 10, so that the graphite-containing mixed airflow entering the cyclone separator 10 forms a rotating airflow.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the exhaust pipe 12 is perpendicular to the side wall of the cyclone separator 10, the inlet end of the exhaust pipe 12 is located near the top of the cyclone separator 10, and the outlet end of the exhaust pipe 12 is used to discharge the separated gas.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cone angle of the conical collection port 13 is in the range of 30°-60°, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator 10 by welding or flange connection.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the corrugated shape of the corrugated structure is one of a sine wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave, the vertical distance between the crest and trough of the corrugation is 5-20mm, and the spacing between adjacent corrugations is 10-30mm.

[0044] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the corrugations of the corrugated structure are evenly distributed along the generatrix direction of the conical collection port 13, and the shape and size of each corrugation remain consistent.

[0045] The specific uniform distribution can be set as follows:

[0046] Uniform spacing: The distance between the center lines of two adjacent corrugations in the corresponding generatrix direction is a fixed value. For example, the spacing between the center lines of adjacent corrugations is set to 20 mm. From the top to the bottom of the conical collection port, the distance error between any two adjacent corrugation center lines does not exceed ±1 mm. This ensures that the spacing of the corrugations remains consistent throughout the generatrix direction of the entire conical collection port, thereby ensuring that the airflow and graphite particles experience the same obstruction and guiding effect during their movement.

[0047] Consistent angles: The angles corresponding to the shape of each corrugation on the cross section perpendicular to the generatrix of the conical aggregate outlet remain the same. For example, if the corrugation is sinusoidal, the angle between the crests of each sine wave on the cross section perpendicular to the generatrix is ​​120°, ensuring that the direction and angle of force when graphite particles collide with the corrugations are consistent at different heights, thereby achieving a stable separation effect.

[0048] Arrangement rule: Taking the axis of the conical collection port as the reference, all corrugations are arranged in concentric circles at equal angles around the axis. Assuming the circumference of the conical collection port is divided into 36 equal parts, the center line of each corrugation corresponds to an equal division point on the circumference, so that the corrugations are also evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, avoiding local corrugations that are too dense or too sparse, and ensuring that the effect of the entire inner wall of the conical collection port on the airflow and particles is uniform.

[0049] High uniformity: In the direction of the generatrix, the vertical height from the crest to the trough of each corrugation remains constant, such as 15mm. There is no phenomenon of corrugation height being too high or too low in a certain area. This ensures that when graphite particles collide with the corrugations, the speed change and trajectory change produced by each collision are similar, thus improving the stability and repeatability of the separation process.

[0050] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an openable and closable sealing door is provided at the discharge port. The sealing door is connected to the bottom of the conical collection port 13 via a hinge, which is used to control the discharge of the collected graphite particles.

[0051] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a filter screen 14 is provided inside the exhaust pipe, which is used to further filter out a small amount of graphite particles that may be carried in the exhaust gas.

[0052] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, an insulation layer is provided on the outside of the conical collection port. The insulation layer is made of insulation cotton material to reduce heat loss inside the device.

[0053] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a flow control valve is provided at the inlet end of the air intake pipe. The flow control valve is used to regulate the flow rate of the graphite-containing mixed airflow entering the cyclone separator.

[0054] The flow control valve is installed at the inlet end of the air inlet pipe using a flange connection. Flanges matching the air inlet pipe are installed at both ends of the flow control valve. The flow control valve is then tightly fixed to the air inlet pipe using bolts to ensure a good seal at the connection and prevent leakage of graphite-containing mixed airflow.

[0055] The flow control valve can be a butterfly valve with an internal circular valve plate connected to an external drive unit via a valve stem. The drive unit can be a manually operated handle or an electric or pneumatic actuator. When the handle is operated or the actuator is activated, the valve stem rotates the valve plate around its internal axis, changing the angle between the valve plate and the inlet pipe channel to adjust the gas flow area, thereby controlling the flow rate of the graphite-containing mixed gas entering the cyclone separator. When the valve plate is fully closed, it adheres to the inner wall of the inlet pipe, preventing airflow; when the valve plate rotates to be parallel to the inlet pipe channel, the gas flow area is maximized, and the flow rate reaches its maximum.

[0056] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0057] In gas-solid separation, centrifugal force is the key force for separating graphite particles from the gas. After the mixed gas flow containing graphite particles enters the cyclone separator, it forms a high-speed rotating airflow under the tangential velocity generated by the inclined inlet pipe. In traditional devices, particles easily bounce back after colliding with the smooth inner wall, but this invention changes this situation with its corrugated inner wall conical collection port. When particles collide with the corrugated inner wall, due to the shape and structure of the corrugations, the particles change their direction of motion during the collision, making their trajectory more complex. This complex trajectory increases the particle's movement path within the collection port, prolonging the contact and separation time with the airflow. Simultaneously, multiple collisions increase the relative velocity difference between the particles and the airflow. According to the principle of relative motion, the greater the relative velocity difference, the easier it is for the particles to separate from the airflow, thus improving separation efficiency.

[0058] The multi-stage constricting conical collecting port design further enhances the effect of centrifugal force. As the inner diameter of the collecting port gradually decreases, the radius of rotation of the airflow continuously decreases during downward flow. This allows graphite particles to aggregate towards the container wall more quickly, and the constricting collecting port exerts a squeezing effect on the particles, helping to expel residual gas from the particles, further improving the separation effect and resulting in a higher purity of the collected graphite product.

[0059] The corrugated structure plays a crucial role in reducing airflow turbulence. During airflow, turbulence arises from factors such as uneven velocity distribution and boundary layer separation. The corrugated inner wall alters the boundary conditions of the airflow. When airflow passes through the corrugations, local eddies and velocity changes are generated at the convex and concave points. These local flow changes interact, resulting in a more uniform velocity distribution of the overall airflow, thus reducing turbulence. Simultaneously, the uniformly distributed corrugations ensure consistent effects on the airflow across the entire inner wall of the conical collection port, further stabilizing the airflow and reducing secondary entrainment of separated particles, thereby improving the stability of the separation process.

Claims

1. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting inlet, characterized in that, The device includes a cyclone separator cylinder, an air inlet pipe located at the top of the cyclone separator cylinder, an exhaust pipe located on the side of the cyclone separator cylinder, and a conical material collection port located at the bottom of the cyclone separator cylinder. The inner wall of the conical material collection port has a corrugated structure, which extends from the top to the bottom of the conical material collection port. The air inlet pipe is connected to the interior of the cyclone separator cylinder, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the interior of the cyclone separator cylinder and is located higher than the conical material collection port. The bottom of the conical material collection port is provided with a discharge port.

2. The high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cyclone separator cylinder is cylindrical, with the air inlet pipe inserted obliquely into the top of the cyclone separator cylinder. The centerline of the air inlet pipe is set at an acute angle to the centerline of the cyclone separator cylinder, so that the incoming graphite-containing mixed airflow forms a rotating airflow inside the cyclone separator cylinder.

3. The high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port according to claim 2, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe is perpendicular to the side wall of the cyclone separator cylinder. The inlet end of the exhaust pipe is located near the top of the cyclone separator cylinder, and the outlet end of the exhaust pipe is used to discharge the separated gas.

4. The high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cone angle of the conical collection port ranges from 30° to 60°, and its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cyclone separator body by welding or flange connection.

5. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting inlet according to claim 4, characterized in that, The corrugated structure has a corrugated shape that is one of a sine wave, a square wave, or a sawtooth wave. The vertical distance between the crests and troughs of the corrugations is 5-20 mm, and the spacing between adjacent corrugations is 10-30 mm.

6. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting inlet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The corrugations of the corrugated structure are evenly distributed along the generatrix of the conical collection port, and the shape and size of each corrugation remain consistent.

7. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting inlet according to claim 6, characterized in that, The discharge port is equipped with an openable and closable sealing door, which is connected to the bottom of the conical collection port via a hinge to control the discharge of collected graphite particles.

8. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe is equipped with a filter screen inside, which is used to further filter out any small amount of graphite particles that may be carried in the exhaust gas.

9. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collection port according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer side of the conical collection port is provided with an insulation layer, which is made of insulation cotton material to reduce heat loss inside the device.

10. A high-purity graphite cyclone separator with a conical collecting inlet according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inlet end of the air inlet pipe is equipped with a flow control valve, which is used to regulate the flow rate of the graphite-containing mixed airflow entering the cyclone separator.

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