A laminated perovskite coating die

Abstract

The application provides a laminated perovskite coating die, which comprises a first die body, a second die body, a gasket and locking bolts, three independent and identical fluid cavities are formed in the first die body at different width positions, exhaust holes and feeding holes are arranged at the top of the fluid cavities, three independent shaping notches corresponding to the fluid cavities are formed in the lower end of the gasket at different width positions, the rear part of the shaping notches is matched with the outer contour shape of the fluid cavities, the front part width of the shaping notches corresponds to the lower part width of the fluid cavities, the inner side of the second die body is a plane, the front part area of the shaping notches forms an extrusion channel after the first die body and the second die body are closed, the coating gap of the extrusion channel is the thickness of the gasket, the front end of the gasket is provided with a tension balance groove on the left side and the right side of the shaping notches, respectively, and the corresponding positions of the lower end of the die lip of the first die body and the second die body are provided with the tension balance groove. The application can realize the simultaneous coating of three crystalline silicon substrates and improve the production efficiency of coating.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coating die technology, and in particular to a multilayer perovskite coating die. Background Technology

[0002] Perovskites are a class of materials with a specific crystal structure, typically with the chemical formula ABX3. These materials possess excellent light absorption properties, long carrier diffusion lengths, and tunable band gaps, making them ideal for manufacturing high-efficiency solar cells.

[0003] Perovskite photovoltaic cells have a wide bandgap and strong absorption capacity for short-wavelength (300-800 nm) high-energy photons, such as ultraviolet and visible light. Traditional crystalline silicon cells have strong absorption capacity for long-wavelength (800-1200 nm) photons. Theoretically, combining the two can cover more than 90% of the solar spectrum, significantly reducing energy waste caused by thermal loss. Based on this theory, perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cells have seen significant development. In the production process of perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cells, a crystalline silicon substrate is used as the substrate, and processes such as vapor deposition, spin coating, and slot coating are used to uniformly cover the perovskite layer on the crystalline silicon substrate. Currently, perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cells face the problem of low efficiency in large-scale industrial production, while the production cost of large-size modules is high. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention aims to provide a multilayer perovskite coating die head that can simultaneously coat three crystalline silicon substrates, thereby improving the production efficiency of industrial coating for perovskite-crystalline silicon multilayer solar cells.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is a multilayer perovskite coating die head, comprising a first die body, a second die body, and a gasket located between the two. The first die body, the second die body, and the gasket are connected as a whole by locking bolts. The lower inner regions of the first and second die bodies extend downward to form die lips. The invention is characterized in that: the first die body has three independent and identical fluid channels at different width positions; the top of each fluid channel has an exhaust hole that passes through the top surface of the first die body and connects to the outside; the upper part of each fluid channel has a feed hole that penetrates the top surface of the first die body to form a feed inlet. The lower end of the gasket has three independent shaping grooves corresponding to the fluid channels at different width positions. The rear shape of the shaping groove matches the outer contour of the fluid channel, and the front width of the shaping groove corresponds to the lower width of the fluid channel. The inner surface of the second mold body is flat. After the first mold body and the second mold body are closed, the front area of ​​the shaping groove forms an extrusion channel. The coating gap of the extrusion channel is the thickness of the gasket. Tension balancing grooves are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the shaping groove at the front end of the gasket. Tension balancing grooves are also provided at the corresponding positions at the lower ends of the mold lips of the first mold body and the second mold body.

[0006] Preferably, the three fluid channels are arranged at equal intervals along the width of the first mold body.

[0007] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove is quadrilateral, with a width of a and a height of b, where a ranges from 5 to 10 mm and b ranges from 1 to 5 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0009] Preferably, the inlet ports of the three fluid cavities are connected to three independent feeding devices; or to the same feeding device; or they are integrated into one inlet port by inserts and then connected to one feeding device.

[0010] Preferably, the top surfaces of the left and right sides of the first and second molds are connected to locking modules. The front part of the locking module is connected to the first mold via front screws, and the rear part of the locking module is connected to the second mold via rear screws.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface of the first mold body is connected to three feeding blocks (left, center, and right) by screws. Each feeding block is provided with a feeding connector and a venting connector on its top. The feeding connector is connected to the feeding hole, and the venting connector is connected to the venting hole.

[0012] This invention enables simultaneous coating of three crystalline silicon substrates, improving the production efficiency of industrial coating for perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem solar cells. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Exploded view;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first mold body and the gasket after assembly in this invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a front view of the internal flow channel of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0020] Figure 8A schematic diagram of the structure for coating the top surface of a crystal plate with raw materials (without a tension balancing groove);

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the raw material coating on the top surface of the crystal plate of the present invention (after setting the tension balance groove);

[0022] Wherein: 1—first mold body; 11—fluid cavity; 12—vent hole; 13—feed hole; 2—second mold body; 3—gasket; 31—shaping groove; 4—locking bolt; 5—die lip; 6—extrusion channel; 7—tension balance groove; 8—locking module; 9—feed block; 91—feed connector; 92—vent connector. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, this invention provides a multilayer perovskite coating die head, including a first die body 1, a second die body 2, and a gasket 3 located between them. The first die body 1, the second die body 2, and the gasket 3 are connected as one unit by a locking bolt 4. The lower inner regions of the first die body 1 and the second die body 2 extend downward to form a die lip 5. The first die body 1 has three independent and identical fluid channels 11 at different width positions. The top of each fluid channel 11 is provided with an exhaust hole 12, which passes through the top surface of the first die body 1 and connects to the outside. The upper part of each fluid channel 11 is provided with a feed hole 13, which penetrates the top surface of the first die body 1 to form a feed inlet. The gasket 3... The lower end of the mold has three independent shaping slots 31 corresponding to the fluid channels 11 at different width positions. The rear shape of the shaping slots 31 is adapted to the outer contour of the fluid channels 11, and the front width of the shaping slots 31 corresponds to the lower width of the fluid channels 11. The inner side of the second mold body 2 is a plane. After the first mold body 1 and the second mold body 2 are closed, the front area of ​​the shaping slots 31 forms an extrusion channel 6. The coating gap of the extrusion channel 6 is the thickness of the gasket 3. The front end of the gasket 3 is provided with tension balancing grooves 7 on the left and right sides of the shaping slots 31. Tension balancing grooves 7 are opened at the corresponding positions of the lower ends of the mold lips 5 of the first mold body 1 and the second mold body 2.

[0025] In the above scheme, the three fluid channels 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the first mold body 1.

[0026] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove 7 is quadrilateral, with a width of a and a height of b, where a ranges from 5 to 10 mm and b ranges from 1 to 5 mm.

[0027] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove 7 is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0028] Specifically, the feed holes 13 of the three fluid channels 11 are connected to three independent feed devices; or to the same feed device; or are integrated into one feed hole by inserts and then connected to one feed device.

[0029] In addition, locking modules 8 are connected to the top surfaces of the left and right sides of the first mold body 1 and the second mold body 2. The front part of the locking module 8 is connected to the first mold body 1 by front row screws, and the rear part of the locking module 8 is connected to the second mold body 2 by rear row screws.

[0030] Furthermore, the top surface of the first mold body 1 is connected to three feed blocks 9 (left, center, and right) by screws. Each feed block 9 is provided with a feed connector 91 and an exhaust connector 92 on its top. The feed connector 91 is connected to the feed hole 13, and the exhaust connector 92 is connected to the exhaust hole 12.

[0031] In addition, during coating production, to ensure that the slurry flow rate in the three channels tends to be consistent, there are three main factors affecting the flow rate of the three channels: first, channel processing error, as it is impossible to guarantee complete consistency during the processing of the three independent channels; second, metering pump error, as differences in pumping pressure lead to inconsistent slurry flow rates; and third, error in the distance between the metering pump and the mold.

[0032] The corresponding solutions are as follows: In the design process of the mold head, multiphase fluid simulation technology is used to optimize the flow channel design and reduce the factors affecting the flow velocity in the flow channel. In the processing and manufacturing process, strict process inspection and product factory inspection are implemented to ensure that the key technical dimensions are within the qualified tolerance range.

[0033] In this invention, due to the uneven surface tension at the edges of the coating liquid, small droplets form at the edges, resulting in a thick edge effect. Figure 7 As shown. The present invention provides a solution to this problem: a tension balancing groove 8 is opened at the lip to apply a tension force to the slurry to balance the surface tension, thus eliminating the thick edge effect, as shown. Figure 9 As shown.

[0034] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0035] The slurry enters through the feed holes 13. The flow rate of the slurry entering the fluid channels 11 through the three feed holes 13 is controlled. After the slurry in the three fluid channels 11 is spread downwards to fill the entire fluid channel 11, it reaches the extrusion channel 6 along the shaping groove 31, and is extruded downwards through the die lip 5. The die head is controlled to move linearly and at a uniform speed to evenly coat the slurry onto the crystal plates below. At the same time, the three crystal plates below are coated. During this process, the tension balancing groove 7 can effectively eliminate the small droplets formed at the left and right ends of the slurry outlet, ensuring that the slurry is evenly and flatly coated on the surface of the crystal plates, thus ensuring coating quality.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, or alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical principles of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multilayer perovskite coating die head, comprising a first die body (1), a second die body (2), and a gasket (3) located between the two, wherein the first die body (1), the second die body (2), and the gasket (3) are connected as a whole by a locking bolt (4), and the lower inner regions of the first die body (1) and the second die body (2) extend downward to form a die lip (5), characterized in that: The first mold body (1) has three independent and identical fluid channels (11) at different width positions. The top of the fluid channel (11) is provided with an exhaust hole (12), which passes through the top surface of the first mold body (1) and connects to the outside. The upper part of the fluid channel (11) is provided with a feed hole (13), which penetrates the top surface of the first mold body (1) to form a feed inlet. The lower end of the gasket (3) has three independent shaping slots (31) corresponding to the fluid channels (11) at different width positions. The rear shape of the shaping slots (31) is the same as that of the fluid channels (11). The outer contour shape is adapted to each other. The width of the front part of the shaping groove (31) corresponds to the width of the lower part of the fluid cavity (11). The inner side of the second mold body (2) is a plane. After the first mold body (1) and the second mold body (2) are closed, the front area of ​​the shaping groove (31) forms an extrusion channel (6). The coating gap of the extrusion channel (6) is the thickness of the gasket (3). The front end of the gasket (3) is provided with tension balance grooves (7) on the left and right sides of the shaping groove (31). Tension balance grooves (7) are opened at the corresponding positions of the lower ends of the mold lips (5) of the first mold body (1) and the second mold body (2).

2. The multilayer perovskite coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three fluid channels (11) are arranged at equal intervals along the width of the first mold (1).

3. The multilayer perovskite coating die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove (7) is quadrilateral, with a width of a and a height of b, where a ranges from 5 to 10 mm and b ranges from 1 to 5 mm.

4. The laminated perovskite coating die according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove (7) is an isosceles trapezoid.

5. The multilayer perovskite coating die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed holes (13) of the three fluid channels (11) are connected to three independent feed devices; or to the same feed device; or are integrated into one feed hole by inserts and then connected to one feed device.

6. The multilayer perovskite coating die according to claim 1, characterized in that: Locking modules (8) are connected to the top surfaces of the left and right sides of the first mold (1) and the second mold (2). The front part of the locking module (8) is connected to the first mold (1) by front screws, and the rear part of the locking module (8) is connected to the second mold (2) by rear screws.

7. The multilayer perovskite coating die according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the first mold body (1) is connected to three feed blocks (9) on the left, middle and right by screws. The top of the feed block (9) is provided with a feed connector (91) and an exhaust connector (92). The feed connector (91) is connected to the feed hole (13) and the exhaust connector (92) is connected to the exhaust hole (12).

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