Chuck structure capable of elastically clamping workpiece

Abstract

The utility model discloses a chuck structure that can elastically clamp workpiece relates to chuck technical field, including elastic chuck, clamping jaw and positioning assembly. The both sides of elastic chuck are first disc face and second disc face respectively, is equipped with boss on first disc face, is equipped with conical counterbore no. 1 on boss. Clamping jaw is used for fixing on boss, is equipped with conical counterbore no. 2. The size of the taper hole section at the aperture of conical counterbore no. 2 and conical counterbore no. 1 is identical, and all is perpendicular to the opening plane at. Positioning assembly includes sphere no. 1, connecting piece and elastic ring. Sphere no. 1 is used for when the adhesion of boss and clamping jaw, simultaneously with both sides taper hole section positioning contact. Connecting piece fixedly connects sphere no. 1, is used for the cylindrical hole section of the extension conical counterbore no. 1. Between sphere no. 1 and connecting piece or on connecting piece, is equipped with the recess for installing elastic ring, to make elastic ring and cylindrical hole section close contact. Compared with prior art, the chuck structure can improve the positioning accuracy of clamping jaw, and simplify the installation process of clamping jaw.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of chuck technology, and in particular to a chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece. Background Technology

[0002] A chuck is a mechanical device used on machine tools to clamp workpieces. A common chuck structure typically includes a chuck, T-blocks, and jaws. The chuck has a boss with a T-slot extending radially along it. The T-blocks slide within the T-slots. The T-blocks are locked to the jaws with screws, clamping the boss from both sides. Both the boss and jaws have toothed surfaces, consisting of V-shaped teeth and V-grooves, with the V-shaped teeth and V-grooves extending perpendicular to the chuck's diameter.

[0003] The two toothed surfaces mesh with each other to achieve radial positioning of the gripper. The T-block contacts the side wall of the T-slot for positioning, achieving circumferential positioning of the gripper.

[0004] On the one hand, the machining accuracy of the tooth surface is not easy to control; on the other hand, there is an installation gap between the T-block and the T-slot, which results in low positioning accuracy of this gripper positioning method; moreover, the relative position of the gripper to the boss needs to be determined by counting the teeth when installing the gripper, which is quite cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a chuck structure that can elastically clamp workpieces, thereby solving the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, improving the positioning accuracy of the grippers, and simplifying the installation process of the grippers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0007] This utility model discloses a chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece, comprising:

[0008] The elastic chuck has a first disc surface and a second disc surface on its two sides. The first disc surface is provided with a boss, and the boss is provided with a tapered countersunk hole.

[0009] The clamp is used to fix the protrusion and has a second conical countersunk hole; the second conical countersunk hole has the same size as the conical hole section at the opening of the first conical countersunk hole and is perpendicular to the plane of the opening.

[0010] The positioning assembly includes a ball, a connector, and an elastic ring. The ball is used to simultaneously position and contact the tapered hole sections on both sides when the boss is engaged with the gripper, so that the tapered countersunk hole one and the tapered countersunk hole two are coaxial. The connector is fixedly connected to the ball and is used to extend into the cylindrical hole section of the tapered countersunk hole one. A groove for installing the elastic ring is provided between the ball and the connector or on the connector, so that the elastic ring is in close contact with the cylindrical hole section. The number of positioning assemblies for positioning one gripper is multiple.

[0011] Preferably, the boss and the gripper are fixedly connected by a screw, and the plurality of positioning components are located on both radial sides of the screw.

[0012] Preferably, the chuck structure capable of elastically clamping the workpiece further includes a driving component for driving the elastic chuck to elastically deform; the driving component is connected to the middle part of the elastic chuck and is used to drive the middle part of the elastic chuck to bulge towards the side where the first disc surface is located or the side where the second disc surface is located, so as to drive the jaws to leave the workpiece or move closer to the workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a tie rod bolt and a drive block; the tie rod bolt passes through the elastic chuck and is threadedly connected to the drive block, so that the tie rod bolt and the drive block respectively press against the first disc surface and the second disc surface.

[0014] Preferably, both the tie rod bolt and the drive block have a central through hole, and the central through hole of the tie rod bolt is aligned with the central through hole of the drive block to provide a fluid channel for fluid to flow through the workpiece.

[0015] Preferably, the chuck structure capable of elastically clamping the workpiece further includes a spindle connecting flange and a chuck base; the spindle connecting flange is used to fixably connect the machine tool spindle; the chuck base is located between the spindle connecting flange and the elastic chuck, and is fixedly connected to the spindle connecting flange and the elastic chuck respectively; a gap is left between the middle part of the chuck base and the middle part of the elastic chuck to provide deformation space for the elastic chuck.

[0016] Preferably, a counterweight is fixedly connected to the second disk surface, and the counterweight is located within the gap.

[0017] Preferably, a positioning block is fixedly connected to the chuck base, and the positioning block is located on the side of the first disc surface of the elastic chuck to provide axial positioning of the workpiece when the elastic chuck undergoes elastic deformation.

[0018] Preferably, the positioning block is fixedly connected to the positioning support block by two screws, the positioning support block passes through the elastic chuck, and the positioning support block is threadedly connected to the chuck base.

[0019] Preferably, the edge of the second disc surface is provided with an annular protrusion, which abuts against the chuck base; the portion of the elastic chuck located between the boss and the annular protrusion in the diametrical direction includes a deformation region; along the diametrical direction of the elastic chuck, the thickness of the deformation region gradually decreases from the inside out and then gradually increases.

[0020] This utility model achieves the following technical advantages compared to related technologies:

[0021] Both the first and second tapered countersunk holes are perpendicular to the plane of their respective openings. Since the boss of the clamp is in contact with the plane of the opening of the clamp during positioning, the positional relationship between the first and second tapered countersunk holes is parallel or coincident.

[0022] By positioning sphere one with the tapered section of the first conical countersunk hole, the center of sphere one is positioned on the axis of the first conical countersunk hole. Similarly, by positioning sphere one with the tapered section of the second conical countersunk hole, the center of sphere one is positioned on the axis of the second conical countersunk hole. Therefore, by engaging sphere one with each of the two tapered sections, the axes of the first and second conical countersunk holes are aligned, thus achieving the positioning of the boss and the gripper.

[0023] Compared to toothed surfaces, tapered countersunk holes are easier to machine and offer higher precision, thus improving the positioning accuracy of the grippers. Furthermore, since this invention does not employ a T-block and T-groove mating structure, the sliding clearance between the T-block and T-groove avoids the impact on the gripper positioning accuracy. Additionally, when the grippers are pressed against the boss, the ball one automatically adjusts the gripper position via a sliding guide with the tapered countersunk hole two, simplifying the process and avoiding tedious tooth counting. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or related technologies, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram from one perspective of a chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece, as shown in some examples of embodiments of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram from another perspective of the chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece in some examples of embodiments of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic chuck from one perspective in some examples of embodiments of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic chuck from another perspective in some examples of embodiments of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a front view of a chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece in one of the embodiments of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the middle structure along the AA direction;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component.

[0032] In the diagram: 100 - Chuck structure capable of elastically clamping the workpiece; 1 - Elastic chuck; 11 - First disc surface; 12 - Second disc surface; 13 - Boss; 14 - First conical countersunk hole; 15 - Annular protrusion; 16 - Deformation area; 17 - Screw four; 2 - Jaw; 21 - Second conical countersunk hole; 22 - Screw one; 3 - Positioning assembly; 31 - Ball one; 32 - Connector; 33 - Elastic ring; 4 - Drive assembly; 41 - Tie rod bolt; 42 - Drive block; 43 - Fluid channel; 5 - Spindle connecting flange; 51 - Screw mounting hole; 6 - Chuck base; 61 - Clearance; 7 - Counterweight; 71 - Positioning pin; 72 - Screw three; 8 - Positioning block; 81 - Screw two; 82 - Positioning support block; 9 - Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0034] The purpose of this invention is to provide a chuck structure that can elastically clamp workpieces, thereby solving the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, improving the positioning accuracy of the grippers, and simplifying the installation process of the grippers.

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0036] Reference Figures 1 to 7This embodiment provides a chuck structure 100 (hereinafter referred to as chuck structure) capable of elastically clamping a workpiece, including an elastic chuck 1, a gripper 2 and a positioning component 3.

[0037] The elastic chuck 1 has a first disc surface 11 and a second disc surface 12 on its two sides. The first disc surface 11 has a boss 13, and the boss 13 has a conical countersunk hole 14. The jaws 2 are fixed to the boss 13 and have a second conical countersunk hole 21. The second conical countersunk hole 21 and the conical countersunk hole 14 have the same dimensions at their openings, and both are perpendicular to their respective opening planes. The positioning assembly 3 includes a ball 31, a connector 32, and an elastic ring 33. The ball 31 is used to position and contact the conical sections on both sides when the boss 13 and the jaws 2 are engaged (i.e., the opening plane of the first conical countersunk hole 14 is engaged with the opening plane of the second conical countersunk hole 21), so that the first conical countersunk hole 14 and the second conical countersunk hole 21 are coaxial. The connector 32 is fixedly connected to the ball 31 and is used to extend into the cylindrical section of the first conical countersunk hole 14. A groove for mounting the elastic ring 33 is provided between the sphere 31 and the connector 32, or on the connector 32, so that the elastic ring 33 is in close contact with the cylindrical hole section. The number of positioning components 3 used to position one gripper 2 is multiple.

[0038] The working principle of the chuck structure 100 capable of elastically clamping the workpiece in this embodiment is as follows:

[0039] Both the first conical countersunk hole 14 and the second conical countersunk hole 21 are perpendicular to the plane of their respective openings. Since the boss 13 of the gripper 2 fits against the plane of the opening of the gripper 2 during positioning, the positional relationship between the first conical countersunk hole 14 and the second conical countersunk hole 21 is parallel or coincident.

[0040] By positioning sphere 31 in contact with the tapered section of the conical countersunk hole 14, the center of sphere 31 is positioned on the axis of the conical countersunk hole 14. Similarly, by positioning sphere 31 in contact with the tapered section of the second conical countersunk hole 21, the center of sphere 31 is positioned on the axis of the second conical countersunk hole 21. Therefore, through the engagement of sphere 31 with the two tapered sections, the axes of the first and second conical countersunk holes 14 and 21 are aligned, thus achieving the positioning of the boss 13 and the gripper 2.

[0041] When the gripper 2 is positioned by a positioning component 3, the gripper 2 will not translate, but may rotate around the axis of the conical countersunk hole 14. Therefore, in this embodiment, a gripper 2 is positioned by multiple positioning components 3, while restricting the translation and rotation of the gripper 2.

[0042] Compared to toothed surfaces, tapered countersunk holes are easier to machine and offer higher precision, which helps improve the positioning accuracy of the gripper 2. Furthermore, since this embodiment does not employ a T-block and T-slot mating structure, the sliding clearance between the T-block and T-slot avoids the impact of the gripper 2's positioning accuracy. Additionally, when the gripper 2 is pressed against the boss 13, the ball 31 automatically adjusts the position of the gripper 2 via its sliding guide with the tapered countersunk hole 21, which is simple and convenient, avoiding tedious tooth counting operations.

[0043] The ball 31 should have a certain interference fit to ensure that when the boss 13 and the clamping jaw 2 are engaged, the ball 31 can simultaneously make positioning contact with both tapered bore sections. In some examples, the ball 31 is made of commercially available standard bearing steel balls (such as angular contact ball bearing steel balls) to ensure the precision and hardness of the steel balls, as well as lower operating costs. Depending on the actual needs, those skilled in the art may also choose other materials and process them themselves.

[0044] In some examples, connector 32 is sphere two, the diameter of which is smaller than that of sphere one 31, and sphere two is welded to sphere one 31. A groove for mounting the elastic ring 33 is located between sphere two and sphere one 31.

[0045] In some examples, the boss 13 is fixedly connected to the gripper 2 by screw 22, and multiple positioning components 3 for positioning the same gripper 2 are located on both radial sides of screw 22. That is, screw 22 and the positioning components 3 on both sides are located on the same diameter.

[0046] In some examples, the chuck structure also includes a drive assembly 4 for driving the elastic deformation of the elastic chuck 1. The drive assembly 4 is connected to the middle of the elastic chuck 1 and is used to drive the middle of the elastic chuck 1 to bulge toward the side where the first disc surface 11 is located or the side where the second disc surface 12 is located, so as to drive the gripper 2 away from or toward the workpiece.

[0047] When the middle part of the elastic chuck 1 bulges towards the side where the second disc surface 12 is located, the elastic chuck 1 deforms itself, causing the multiple jaws 2 on the side where the first disc surface 11 is located to move closer to the workpiece, thus clamping the workpiece. When the middle part of the elastic chuck 1 bulges towards the side where the first disc surface 11 is located, the elastic chuck 1 deforms itself, causing the multiple jaws 2 on the side where the first disc surface 11 is located to move away from the workpiece, thus releasing the workpiece.

[0048] In some examples, the drive assembly 4 includes a tie rod bolt 41 and a drive block 42. The tie rod bolt 41 passes through the resilient chuck 1 and is threadedly connected to the drive block 42 so that the tie rod bolt 41 and the drive block 42 respectively press against the first disc surface 11 and the second disc surface 12.

[0049] Depending on the actual needs, the drive block 42 can be connected to different types of linear drive mechanisms, such as hydraulic cylinders, lead screw and slider mechanisms, so that the drive block 42 can translate along the axis of the elastic chuck 1.

[0050] In some examples, both the tie rod bolt 41 and the drive block 42 have a central through hole, with the central through hole of the tie rod bolt 41 mating with the central through hole of the drive block 42 to provide a fluid passage 43 for fluid to flow through the workpiece.

[0051] The fluid here can be either gas or liquid. By allowing the fluid to flow along the fluid channel 43, it can achieve functions such as suction of waste and cooling. When the fluid is liquid, sealing rings 9 can be provided between the tie rod bolt 41 and the drive block 42, and between the tie rod bolt 41 and the first disc surface 11, to achieve a sealing effect.

[0052] In some examples, the chuck structure also includes a spindle connection flange 5 and a chuck base 6. The spindle connection flange 5 has screw mounting holes 51 for securing the machine tool spindle with screws. The chuck base 6 is located between the spindle connection flange 5 and the flexible chuck 1, and is fixedly connected to both the spindle connection flange 5 and the flexible chuck 1, for example, by locking the spindle connection flange 5, chuck base 6, and flexible chuck 1 together with screws 17. A gap 61 is provided between the center of the chuck base 6 and the center of the flexible chuck 1 to provide deformation space for the flexible chuck 1. The drive assembly 4 passes through the central through-holes on the spindle connection flange 5 and the chuck base 6.

[0053] In some examples, a counterweight 7 is fixedly connected to the second disc 12, and the counterweight 7 is located within the gap 61.

[0054] It should be noted that without the counterweight 7, when the elastic chuck 1 rotates at high speed, the grippers 2 move away from the center of the elastic chuck 1 under centrifugal force, causing the center of the elastic chuck 1 to bulge towards the side where the first disc surface 11 is located, which will cause multiple grippers 2 to release the workpiece. In this embodiment, by setting the counterweight 7, when the elastic chuck 1 rotates at high speed, the counterweight 7 on the side where the second disc surface 12 is located pulls the center of the elastic chuck 1 towards the side where the second disc surface 12 is located under centrifugal force. The axial force of the counterweight 7 on the elastic chuck 1 is completely or partially canceled out by the axial force of the grippers 2 on the elastic chuck 1, thus achieving centrifugal force compensation and preventing the workpiece from falling due to the high-speed rotation of the elastic chuck 1.

[0055] In some examples, the counterweight 7 is fixed to the elastic chuck 1 by screws 72, and locating pins 71 are inserted into the counterweight 7 and the elastic chuck 1 respectively, thereby restricting the rotation of the counterweight 7.

[0056] In some examples, a positioning block 8 is fixedly connected to the chuck base 6. The positioning block 8 is located on the side of the first disc surface 11 of the elastic chuck 1 to provide axial positioning of the workpiece when the elastic chuck 1 undergoes elastic deformation.

[0057] In some examples, the positioning block 8 is aligned with the center of the elastic chuck 1. In this case, a central through hole needs to be provided on the positioning block 8, which is aligned with the central through hole on the tie rod bolt 41, to prevent the positioning block 8 from obstructing the flow of fluid. A sealing ring 9 is provided between the positioning block 8 and the tie rod bolt 41 to provide a seal.

[0058] In some examples, the positioning block 8 is fixedly connected to the positioning support block 82 by screw 81, the positioning support block 82 passes through the elastic chuck 1, and the positioning support block 82 is threadedly connected to the chuck base 6.

[0059] A sealing ring 9 can be provided between the positioning support block 82 and the elastic chuck 1 to prevent waste, dust and other impurities from entering the side where the first disc surface 11 of the elastic chuck 1 is located from the side where the second disc surface 12 is located, thus playing a dustproof role.

[0060] In some examples, the edge of the second disc 12 is provided with an annular protrusion 15, which abuts against the chuck base 6. The portion of the resilient chuck 1 located between the boss 13 and the annular protrusion 15 in the diametrical direction includes a deformable region 16. Along the diametrical direction of the resilient chuck 1, the thickness of the deformable region 16 gradually decreases from the inside out and then gradually increases.

[0061] The deformation region 16 has the thinnest part, which is prone to elastic deformation and is the main deformation part of the elastic chuck 1.

[0062] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece, characterized in that, include: The elastic chuck has a first disc surface and a second disc surface on its two sides. The first disc surface is provided with a boss, and the boss is provided with a tapered countersunk hole. The clamp is used to fix the protrusion and has a second conical countersunk hole; the second conical countersunk hole has the same size as the conical hole section at the opening of the first conical countersunk hole and is perpendicular to the plane of the opening. The positioning assembly includes a ball, a connector, and an elastic ring. The ball is used to simultaneously position and contact the tapered hole sections on both sides when the boss is engaged with the gripper, so that the tapered countersunk hole one and the tapered countersunk hole two are coaxial. The connector is fixedly connected to the ball and is used to extend into the cylindrical hole section of the tapered countersunk hole one. A groove for installing the elastic ring is provided between the ball and the connector or on the connector, so that the elastic ring is in close contact with the cylindrical hole section. The number of positioning assemblies for positioning one gripper is multiple.

2. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boss and the gripper are fixedly connected by a screw, and the plurality of positioning components are located on both radial sides of the screw.

3. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a drive assembly for driving the elastic deformation of the elastic chuck; the drive assembly is connected to the middle part of the elastic chuck and is used to drive the middle part of the elastic chuck to bulge towards the side where the first disc surface is located or the side where the second disc surface is located, so as to drive the jaws away from or towards the workpiece.

4. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a tie rod bolt and a drive block; the tie rod bolt passes through the elastic chuck and is threadedly connected to the drive block, so that the tie rod bolt and the drive block respectively press against the first disc surface and the second disc surface.

5. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the tie rod bolt and the drive block have a central through hole, and the central through hole of the tie rod bolt is aligned with the central through hole of the drive block to provide a fluid channel for fluid to flow through the workpiece.

6. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spindle connecting flange and a chuck base; the spindle connecting flange is used to fix the machine tool spindle; the chuck base is located between the spindle connecting flange and the elastic chuck, and is fixedly connected to the spindle connecting flange and the elastic chuck respectively; a gap is left between the middle part of the chuck base and the middle part of the elastic chuck to provide deformation space for the elastic chuck.

7. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: A counterweight is fixedly connected to the second disk surface, and the counterweight is located within the gap.

8. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning block is fixedly connected to the chuck base. The positioning block is located on the side of the first disc surface of the elastic chuck to provide axial positioning of the workpiece when the elastic chuck undergoes elastic deformation.

9. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning block is fixedly connected to the positioning support block by two screws. The positioning support block passes through the elastic chuck and is threadedly connected to the chuck base.

10. The chuck structure capable of elastically clamping a workpiece according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edge of the second disc surface is provided with an annular protrusion, which abuts against the chuck base; the portion of the elastic chuck located between the protrusion and the annular protrusion in the diametrical direction includes a deformation region; along the diametrical direction of the elastic chuck, the thickness of the deformation region gradually decreases from the inside out and then gradually increases.

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