Biomass gasification gas boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of biomass gasification gas boiler, specifically related to boiler technical field, including membrane water-cooled combustion chamber, heat accumulator, first burnout chamber, second burnout chamber, high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue, high-low temperature superheater, temperature-adjusting coal economizer, SCR medium-temperature denitration device and low-temperature coal economizer, the heat accumulator is set in the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber front end;The first burnout chamber and first burnout chamber are membrane water-cooled cavity structure, and both are one big one small cavity combination.The utility model realizes the efficient combustion and heat utilization of biomass gasification gas, improves the adaptability to low-quality fuel;Heat accumulator utilizes high-temperature decomposition tar and recovers heat, avoids energy waste while preventing tar sticking end heated surface, prolongs flue gas residence time and reduces temperature by size cavity structure, reduces ash stickiness, prevents ash blockage, creates stable conditions for subsequent heat transfer and pollutant treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of boiler technology, and more specifically, to a biomass gasification gasification boiler. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass gasification fuel, as a renewable energy source, can reduce dependence on traditional fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, playing a significant role in national energy security. At the same time, compared to coal, biomass gasification fuel produces more than 90% less sulfur oxides and particulate matter.

[0003] Currently, due to the unstable gas source, low calorific value, high tar content, low ash melting point, susceptibility to high and low temperature corrosion, and easy ash accumulation of biomass gasification fuel gas, domestic biomass gasification fuel gas boilers are mainly small-tonnage industrial boilers. These boilers do not have high requirements for load, thermal efficiency, and steam pressure and temperature, and can be started and stopped intermittently without continuous operation. Biomass gasification fuel gas power generation boilers, on the other hand, have higher requirements for boiler pressure, load, steam temperature, and continuous operation. Therefore, a biomass gasification fuel gas boiler is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the problems and defects in the prior art, this utility model provides a biomass gasification gasification boiler to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a biomass gasification gas boiler, comprising a membrane water-cooled combustion chamber, a heat storage body, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue, a high- and low-temperature superheater, a temperature-regulating economizer, an SCR medium-temperature denitrification device, and a low-temperature economizer, wherein the heat storage body is disposed at the front end of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber;

[0006] Both the first combustion chamber and the first combustion chamber are membrane water-cooled cavity structures, and the two are a combination of one large and one small cavity;

[0007] The high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue is connected to the second combustion chamber;

[0008] The high and low temperature superheater is installed inside the high temperature membrane water-cooled flue.

[0009] The temperature-regulating economizer is located downstream of the high-low temperature superheater;

[0010] The SCR medium-temperature denitrification device is connected to the temperature-regulating economizer.

[0011] The low-temperature economizer is connected to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device.

[0012] Preferably, the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber is composed of membrane water-cooled walls on all four sides and the top, with an insulation layer at the bottom, and the heat storage body is embedded in the inner wall of the front end of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the first combustion chamber is a large cavity structure and the second combustion chamber is a small cavity structure. Neither of them has a heated surface arrangement inside, and the sides and top are sealed with membrane water-cooled walls.

[0014] Preferably, the high and low temperature superheater includes a high temperature superheater and a low temperature superheater, and the high temperature superheater is made of austenitic stainless steel TPH material.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature-regulating economizer is a membrane-type in-line anti-ash accumulation structure.

[0016] Preferably, the low-temperature economizer is a four-group membrane-type anti-ash accumulation structure arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction, and is connected to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device through a 180-degree turning flue.

[0017] Preferably, the membrane water-cooled walls of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber, the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber, and the high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue are all integral structures welded from seamless steel pipes and flat steel.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] 1. Through the synergistic design of the membrane water-cooled wall structure and the heat storage body, the efficient combustion and heat utilization of biomass gasification fuel gas are achieved. The membrane water-cooled wall of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber absorbs heat rapidly through the cooling water inside the pipe, and the bottom insulation layer reduces heat loss and improves the adaptability to low-quality fuels. The heat storage body uses high temperature to decompose tar and recover heat, avoiding energy waste and preventing tar from sticking to the end heating surface. The membrane water-cooled walls of the first and second combustion chambers absorb heat from the flue gas, and extend the flue gas residence time and reduce the temperature through the large and small cavity structure, reducing ash viscosity and preventing ash accumulation and blockage, creating stable conditions for subsequent heat transfer and pollutant treatment.

[0020] 2. The high-temperature superheater in the high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue is made of austenitic stainless steel TPH material, which resists high-temperature corrosion of chloride ions and extends the service life of components. The membrane parallel structure of the temperature-regulating economizer and the low-temperature economizer reduces the risk of ash accumulation and ensures continuous heat transfer. The staged purification with the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device achieves efficient removal of nitrogen oxides. The sealed welding structure of the membrane water-cooled wall throughout the process reduces the air leakage rate and maintains stable negative pressure in the furnace. Combined with the multi-stage waste heat recovery design, it ensures stable steam parameters and meets the requirements of power generation boilers for continuous operation and load stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0022] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Membrane water-cooled combustion chamber; 2. Heat storage body; 3. First combustion chamber; 4. Second combustion chamber; 5. High-temperature membrane water-cooled flue; 6. High and low temperature superheater; 7. Temperature-regulating economizer; 8. SCR medium-temperature denitrification device; 9. Low-temperature economizer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] As attached Figure 1 The biomass gasification gasification boiler shown includes a membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1, a heat storage body 2, a first combustion chamber 3, a second combustion chamber 4, a high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue 5, a high- and low-temperature superheater 6, a temperature-regulating economizer 7, an SCR medium-temperature denitrification device 8, and a low-temperature economizer 9. The heat storage body 2 is located at the front end of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1.

[0025] Both the first combustion chamber 3 and the first combustion chamber 3 are membrane water-cooled cavity structures, and the two are a combination of one large and one small cavity;

[0026] The high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue 5 is connected to the second combustion chamber 4;

[0027] The high and low temperature superheater 6 is installed inside the high temperature membrane water-cooled flue 5;

[0028] The temperature-regulating economizer 7 is located downstream of the high-low temperature superheater 6;

[0029] The SCR medium-temperature denitrification device 8 is connected to the temperature-regulating economizer 7;

[0030] The low-temperature economizer 9 is connected to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device 8.

[0031] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1 consists of membrane water-cooled walls on all four sides and top, with an insulation layer at the bottom. The heat storage body 2 is embedded in the inner wall of the front end of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1. Combined with the heat storage body 2 embedded in the front end, the tar in the gas is fully combusted and decomposed, which not only improves the heat utilization rate and reduces heat loss, but also avoids the unburned tar affecting the heat transfer of the tail heating surface, thus ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the boiler.

[0032] As attached Figure 1As shown, the first combustion chamber 3 is a large cavity structure, and the second combustion chamber 4 is a small cavity structure. Neither of them has a heated surface arrangement inside. The sides and top are sealed with membrane water-cooled walls, which provide sufficient space and residence time for unburned gas, ensuring that the gas is fully burned in a high-temperature environment, reducing chemical incomplete combustion losses, improving fuel utilization, and gradually reducing the flue gas temperature to a suitable range through the heat absorption effect of the membrane water-cooled walls.

[0033] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the high and low temperature superheater 6 includes a high temperature superheater and a low temperature superheater. The high temperature superheater can be made of austenitic stainless steel TP347H, which is easy to resist high temperature corrosion caused by chloride ions in biomass gas.

[0034] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the temperature-regulating economizer 7 is a membrane-type in-line anti-ash-accumulation structure that adjusts the flue gas temperature to the optimal reaction temperature range of the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device 8.

[0035] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the low-temperature economizer 9 consists of four sets of membrane-type parallel anti-ash accumulation structures arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction. It is connected to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device 8 through a 180-degree turning flue. The membrane-type parallel structure reduces ash accumulation and ensures continuous heat exchange, while the turning flue extends the flue gas path and enhances waste heat recovery, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler.

[0036] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the membrane water-cooled walls of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1, the first combustion chamber 3, the second combustion chamber 4, and the high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue 5 are all made of seamless steel pipes and flat steel welded together to reduce air leakage.

[0037] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Biomass gasification fuel enters from the front end of a membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1, where it undergoes vigorous combustion. The membrane water-cooled combustion chamber 1 consists of membrane water-cooled walls on the sides and top, with an insulation layer at the bottom. The membrane water-cooled walls absorb the heat generated by combustion through cooling water inside the pipes, while the bottom insulation layer prevents heat loss to the foundation structure. The heat storage body 2, arranged at the front end of the combustion chamber, utilizes the high combustion temperature to fully burn and decompose the tar in the fuel gas, preventing unburned tar from entering the tail heating surface with the flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion, containing unburned gases, sequentially enters the first combustion chamber 3 and the second combustion chamber 4 for further combustion. The first combustion chamber 3 has a large cavity structure, while the second combustion chamber 4 has a small cavity structure. The membrane water-cooled walls absorb the heat generated by combustion through cooling water inside the pipes, while the bottom insulation layer prevents heat loss to the foundation structure. The top is entirely composed of membrane water-cooled walls, which can absorb heat from the flue gas and maintain temperature uniformity within the cavity, extend the residence time of the flue gas, and reduce the flue gas temperature to a suitable range. An SNCR denitrification device is installed in the first combustion chamber 3, which can react with nitrogen oxides to initially reduce NOx emissions. The flue gas cooled by the second combustion chamber 4 enters the high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue duct 5, where the surrounding membrane water-cooled walls further absorb residual heat. High and low temperature superheaters 6 are installed in the high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue duct 5, including a high-temperature superheater and a low-temperature superheater. The high-temperature superheater can be made of austenitic stainless steel TP347H. Saturated steam from the boiler drum flows sequentially through the low-temperature superheater and the high-temperature superheater, absorbing heat from the flue gas to become superheated steam.

[0038] The flue gas from the superheater outlet enters the temperature-regulating economizer 7, which adopts a membrane-type in-line anti-ash-accumulation structure. After regulating the flue gas temperature, the flue gas is transported to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification unit 8. In the SCR medium-temperature denitrification unit 8, ammonia reacts with NOx to reduce NOx emissions. The flue gas treated by the SCR medium-temperature denitrification unit 8 turns upward 180 degrees and enters the low-temperature economizer 9, which has four sets of membrane-type in-line anti-ash-accumulation structures arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction. It can further absorb waste heat and heat feedwater. Finally, the flue gas is discharged into the chimney after cooling.

[0039] In conclusion, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass gasification gasification boiler, comprising a membrane water-cooled combustion chamber (1), a heat storage body (2), a first combustion chamber (3), a second combustion chamber (4), a high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue (5), a high- and low-temperature superheater (6), a temperature-regulating economizer (7), an SCR medium-temperature denitrification device (8), and a low-temperature economizer (9), characterized in that: The heat storage body (2) is disposed at the front end of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber (1); Both the first combustion chamber (3) and the first combustion chamber (3) are membrane water-cooled cavity structures, and the two are a combination of one large and one small cavity; The high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue (5) is connected to the second combustion chamber (4); The high and low temperature superheater (6) is installed inside the high temperature membrane water-cooled flue (5); The temperature-regulating economizer (7) is located downstream of the high-low temperature superheater (6); The SCR medium-temperature denitrification device (8) is connected to the temperature-regulating economizer (7); The low-temperature economizer (9) is connected to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device (8).

2. The biomass gasification boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane water-cooled combustion chamber (1) is composed of membrane water-cooled walls on all sides and top, and a heat insulation layer at the bottom. The heat storage body (2) is embedded in the inner wall of the front end of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber (1).

3. The biomass gasification boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first combustion chamber (3) is a large cavity structure, and the second combustion chamber (4) is a small cavity structure. Neither of them has a heated surface arrangement inside, and the sides and top are sealed with membrane water-cooled walls.

4. The biomass gasification boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high and low temperature superheater (6) includes a high temperature superheater and a low temperature superheater. The high temperature superheater can be made of austenitic stainless steel TP347H.

5. The biomass gasification boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-regulating economizer (7) is a membrane-type in-line anti-ash accumulation structure.

6. The biomass gasification boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature economizer (9) consists of four sets of membrane-type sequential anti-ash accumulation structures, arranged in sequence along the flue gas flow direction, and connected to the SCR medium-temperature denitrification device (8) through a 180-degree turning flue.

7. The biomass gasification boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane water-cooled walls of the membrane water-cooled combustion chamber (1), the first combustion chamber (3), the second combustion chamber (4) and the high-temperature membrane water-cooled flue (5) are all integral structures welded from seamless steel pipes and flat steel.

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