Biomass direct combustion hot blast stove suitable for bundling straws

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of biomass direct combustion hot blast furnace suitable for bundling straw, it is related to the technical field of hot blast furnace, solve the strict requirement of current hot air drying furnace to the moisture content of bundle straw fuel, furnace door is prone to return fire to feeding device when feeding, resulting in the ignition of biomass fuel on feeding device, cause safety hazard, heat loss in combustion chamber when feeding, difficult to monitor the combustion situation in furnace, inconvenient maintenance and other problems, including closed windproof lifting door, fireproof heat-insulating lifting door and slope section closed feeding machine, slope section closed feeding machine realizes feeding by closed windproof lifting door and fireproof lifting door in turn after moving material by feeding trolley, fireproof lifting door and closed windproof lifting door interval open and close, mixed combustion chamber always maintains negative pressure state according to feeding stroke requirement, avoid heat loss of temperature overflow in furnace, and mixed combustion chamber internal flame returns fire to slope section closed feeding machine via integrated pouring feeding port, cause safety accident;Simultaneously reduce the risk of manual participation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hot air furnace technology, and in particular to a biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw. Background Technology

[0002] Northeast my country has abundant straw reserves, convenient collection and baling conditions, and low cost for direct use as fuel. Furthermore, the pollutant emissions from straw combustion are far lower than those from coal. Direct combustion of biomass baled straw in residential heating, grain drying, and other fields makes it an excellent alternative to coal.

[0003] According to the national standard GB / T44906—2024, the total moisture content of biomass fuel fed into the furnace should be controlled below 35%, and the ash content on a dry basis should not exceed 15%. This is because when the moisture content of baled straw exceeds 30% and the ash content on a dry basis exceeds 15%, the biomass fuel fed into the furnace may experience incomplete combustion or failure to burn, affecting the normal use of the furnace.

[0004] Due to the uncertainty of climate, the availability of straw that meets combustion standards is highly uncertain. As a result, when straw is bundled and fed into the hot air drying furnace as fuel, its moisture content and other indicators are difficult to meet national standards.

[0005] Currently, hot air dryers using baled straw as fuel in the market primarily select straw with low moisture content and relatively dryness. This is because excessively high straw moisture content leads to unstable furnace temperatures, resulting in fluctuating hot air output and negatively impacting the performance of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace. For example, it can affect the quality of grain drying. Furthermore, existing hot air dryers pose a safety risk due to the risk of backfire from the furnace interior through the furnace door to the feeding device, potentially igniting the biomass fuel on the feeding device. Additionally, existing hot air dryers suffer from heat loss during feeding when the furnace door is opened.

[0006] Meanwhile, existing drying ovens also have some problems: such as the need for timed manual oiling of the chain grate, the inability to adjust the air volume inside the oven, the difficulty in monitoring the combustion inside the oven, and the difficulty in maintenance due to the integral welded structure of the oven body and the air inlet pipe. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention addresses the problems of existing hot air dryers, such as strict requirements on the moisture content of bundled straw fuel, the risk of backfire from the furnace door to the feeding device during feeding, which could ignite the biomass fuel on the feeding device and cause safety hazards, heat loss from the combustion chamber during feeding, difficulty in monitoring the combustion inside the furnace, and inconvenience in maintenance.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw includes: a furnace body, an in-furnace conveying shaft assembly 12, and a reverse-moving grate 14. The furnace body has a combustion chamber 16 inside, and an integrally cast feed inlet 6 communicating with the combustion chamber 16 is located on the front side wall of the furnace body. The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly 12 is installed inside the combustion chamber 16, and the reverse-moving grate 14 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 16. The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly 12 is used to transfer biomass fuel located at the integrally cast feed inlet 6 to the reverse-moving grate 14. A slag discharge port 17 is opened on the furnace body, located at the end of the material conveying direction of the reverse-moving grate 14. A flue gas outlet 15 communicating with the combustion chamber 16 is located on the rear side of the furnace body.

[0010] The furnace conveying shaft assembly 12 includes: multiple conveying shafts, each of which is detachably and rotatably connected at both ends to the left and right side walls of the furnace body, and the multiple conveying shafts are arranged from front to back, with the same rotation direction and located on the same plane; the conveying shaft at the foremost end is higher than the conveying shaft at the rearmost end.

[0011] Multiple material conveying shafts are hollow shafts, and ventilation holes are provided on the side walls of the hollow shafts; multiple material conveying shafts are detachably connected to external air inlet pipes;

[0012] The distance between the frontmost conveying shaft and the front side wall of the furnace body is less than the minimum outer diameter of the biomass fuel. The distance between the rearmost conveying shaft and the rear side wall of the furnace body is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the biomass fuel. The height of the frontmost conveying shaft is lower than the bottom edge of the integrally cast feed inlet 6. The in-furnace conveying shaft group 12 is used to move the biomass fuel from front to back and drop it onto the reverse-moving grate 14. The reverse-moving grate 14 is used to move the biomass fuel from back to front and transfer the fully burned slag to the slag discharge port 17.

[0013] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw includes an integrally cast top shell 5 on the top of the main body of the furnace. The rear sidewall of the main body includes a front support sidewall, a rear support sidewall, and a horizontal support sidewall. The lower end of the front support sidewall is installed at the rear end of the reverse-moving grate 14. The front end of the horizontal support sidewall is connected to the upper end of the front support sidewall, and the rear end of the horizontal support sidewall is connected to the upper end of the rear support sidewall. The left and right ends of the front support sidewall are connected to the left and right sidewalls, respectively. The left and right ends of the horizontal support sidewall are connected to the left and right sidewalls, respectively. The right ends are connected to the left and right side walls respectively; the front support side wall, the rear support side wall and the horizontal support side wall together form an arched structure with openings at the bottom and on the left and right sides and connected to the outside of the furnace body; the integral cast top shell 5, the horizontal support side wall and the left and right side walls of the furnace body together form the exhaust port 15; the integral cast top shell 5 includes: an inclined section top shell and a horizontal section top shell, the rear end of the inclined section top shell is connected to the front end of the horizontal section top shell as a whole, and the horizontal height of the front end of the inclined section top shell is lower than the horizontal height of its rear end.

[0014] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw further includes: a side-wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct 1, which is installed inside the front support side wall. One end of the side-wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct 1 is located between the front and rear support side walls and connected to an external air inlet pipe, while the other end is located inside the combustion chamber 16. Multiple through holes are provided on the side wall of the side-wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct 1 located inside the combustion chamber 16. It also includes: an automatic oil injection device 18, which is installed at the rear end of the reverse-moving grate 14 and located between the front and rear support side walls. The automatic oil injection device 18 is used to inject oil into the reverse-moving grate 14.

[0015] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw includes an integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 inside the main body of the furnace. The integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is located above the material conveying shaft assembly 12 inside the furnace and below the integrally cast top shell 5. The left and right ends of the integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 are connected to the left and right side walls, respectively, and the rear end of the integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is connected to the front end of the horizontal support side wall. The horizontal height of the front end of the integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is higher than the horizontal height of its rear end.

[0016] The front wall of the main body of the furnace has a three-layer structure, consisting of a red brick masonry structure 11, an insulation layer structure 10, and a refractory brick masonry structure 9, from front to back.

[0017] The upper surface of the inclined section top shell is provided with a perlite insulation layer 7. The upper end of the red brick masonry structure 11, the upper surface of the perlite insulation layer 7 and the upper surface of the horizontal section top shell are located on the same plane.

[0018] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw further includes: a straw bale breaking, conveying, ventilation, and oxygen supply shaft assembly 13. The straw bale breaking, conveying, ventilation, and oxygen supply shaft assembly 13 includes: a bale breaking shaft and a coke breaking shaft. The two ends of the bale breaking shaft are detachably and rotatably connected to the left and right side walls, respectively. The two ends of the coke breaking shaft are detachably and rotatably connected to the left and right side walls, respectively. The outer surface of the bale breaking shaft is provided with multiple toothed bale breaking structures, and the outer surface of the coke breaking shaft is provided with multiple toothed coke breaking structures. Both the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft are located above the counter-moving grate 14 and below the in-furnace material conveying shaft assembly 12. Both the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft rotate synchronously in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction. The rotation direction of the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the drive wheel of the counter-moving grate 14.

[0019] Both the packing breaker and the coke breaker are hollow shafts, and ventilation holes are provided on the side walls of the hollow shafts; the ends of both the packing breaker and the coke breaker are detachably connected to the external air inlet pipes.

[0020] Air inlets are provided on the left and right side walls of the main body of the furnace and at the bottom of the reverse-moving grate 14. All air inlets are detachably connected to the external air inlet pipe.

[0021] It also includes: a variable frequency fan 19, the exhaust port of which is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the variable frequency fan 19 is used to inject air into the combustion chamber 16;

[0022] It also includes a spraying device, which is installed inside the furnace body and is used to spray the slag at the slag outlet 17.

[0023] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw includes an openable and closable observation window on the left and / or right side walls of the furnace body, and also includes a monitoring camera, which is detachably mounted on the outer wall of the furnace body and is used to monitor the combustion situation in the co-combustion chamber 16 through the observation window.

[0024] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw also includes: a fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4, which is slidably installed on the front side wall of the furnace body. The fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 is used to open and close the integrated casting feed inlet 6.

[0025] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw includes a closed feeding system chamber on the front side of the furnace body, and further includes a slope-section closed feeding machine 2 located inside the closed feeding system chamber. The slope-section closed feeding machine 2 includes a feeding frame, a feeding trolley, a feeding motor, and limiting side plates. The front end of the feeding frame is lower than its rear end, and the rear end of the feeding frame is connected to the integral casting inlet 6. A slide rail and a rack are installed along the length of the upper surface of the feeding frame. Limiting side plates are installed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the feeding frame. The feeding motor is slidably mounted on the feeding frame via the slide rail. A gear is installed at the output end of the feeding motor and rotatably mounted on the side of the feeding trolley. The gear meshes with the rack. Rollers for moving on the feeding frame are installed at the bottom of the feeding trolley. The feeding motor drives the gear to rotate, thereby enabling itself and the feeding trolley to move along the feeding frame.

[0026] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw also includes: a closed windproof lifting door 3, which is slidably installed in the closed chamber of the feeding system. The closed windproof lifting door 3 is vertically set and slides along the vertical direction. The closed windproof lifting door 3 is used to realize the opening and closing of the closed chamber of the feeding system.

[0027] The aforementioned biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw also includes a PLC, which is used to control all active components of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace for baling straw, thereby realizing intelligent control of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace.

[0028] Because this utility model employs the aforementioned technology, it has the following positive effects compared to existing technologies:

[0029] (1) In this utility model, the slope section closed feeding machine transfers materials through the feeding trolley and passes through the closed windproof lifting door and the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door in sequence to achieve feeding. The fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door and the closed windproof lifting door are opened and closed at intervals. The feeding stroke requires the combustion chamber to always maintain a negative pressure state to avoid heat loss due to heat overflow from the furnace and to prevent the flame inside the combustion chamber from returning to the slope section closed feeding machine through the integrated casting inlet, which could cause a safety accident.

[0030] (2) In this utility model, the slope section closed feeding machine is combined with the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door and the closed windproof lifting door to achieve orderly feeding and reduce the risk of manual intervention.

[0031] (3) In this utility model, the ends of multiple material conveying shafts, pack breaking shafts and coke breaking shafts are detachably connected to the external air inlet pipes; preferably, they are connected by flanges, which is easy to assemble and has a strong sealing effect. In the maintenance of existing equipment, the furnace body and pipes are welded, and the parts need to be cut and replaced before being re-welded. Since the equipment is heavy, hoisting equipment is also required. In this utility model, the detachable connection method of connecting the ends of the material conveying shafts, pack breaking shafts and coke breaking shafts to the flanges of the furnace body is easy to disassemble, repair and replace, and has a strong sealing effect. No cutting and welding maintenance procedures are required. Multiple air inlets are connected to the external air inlet pipes by flanges. The main pipe and branch pipes of the air inlet pipes can also be connected by flanges, which is easy to disassemble and avoid repeated cutting and welding of the integrated structure in subsequent maintenance projects.

[0032] (4) In this utility model, a variable frequency fan is used to inject air into the combustion chamber and adjust the internal oxygen supply of the furnace body. When the internal temperature of the furnace body is low, the variable frequency fan increases the air intake of the air intake pipe. When the internal temperature of the furnace body is high, the variable frequency fan reduces the air intake of the air intake pipe to ensure the internal temperature of the furnace body is stable and the temperature of the heating air is stable.

[0033] (5) In this utility model, an automatic oiling device is used to inject oil into the reverse-moving grate, which reduces grate wear. By setting up an automatic oiling device to replace manual oiling, the degree of manual involvement is reduced and the workload is lessened.

[0034] (6) In this utility model, an openable and closable observation window is provided on the left and / or right side walls of the furnace body. The monitoring camera is detachably installed on the outer wall of the furnace body. The monitoring camera is used to monitor the combustion in the combustion chamber through the observation window. This structural design facilitates the operator to observe the combustion in the furnace and effectively avoids damage to the monitoring camera caused by the high temperature in the furnace. When the existing equipment uses the monitoring camera to monitor the furnace, an additional spray device is installed on the monitoring camera to spray and cool it down. However, due to the high working temperature in the furnace, the service life of the monitoring camera is extremely short and can hardly exceed one month. At the same time, the openable and closable observation window structure is adopted in this utility model. When the furnace is burning, thick smoke and fly ash will be generated and cover the inside of the observation window. At this time, the operator can open the observation window and use a cleaning device to wipe the fly ash on the inside of the observation window while ensuring his own safety (such as when the fire is extinguished or the fuel feed is temporarily suspended) to ensure the light transmittance of the observation window.

[0035] (7) This utility model effectively solves the problems existing in the feeding, furnace door structure and combustion operation of hot air dryer. It also effectively solves the problem that the hot air dryer loses the dried material due to the high moisture content of the bundled straw, unstable combustion and unstable output of hot air. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw, according to this utility model.

[0037] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of a biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw, according to this utility model.

[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The first enlarged view of the area.

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The second enlarged view of the area.

[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 The third enlarged view.

[0041] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 The fourth enlarged view.

[0042] Figure 7 yes Figure 2 The fifth enlarged view.

[0043] Figure 8 yes Figure 2 The sixth enlarged view.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the flange connection of the variable frequency fan and external air inlet pipe of a biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw, according to this utility model.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an automatic oil injection device for a biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw, according to this utility model.

[0046] In the attached diagram: 1. Side wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct; 2. Slope section enclosed feeder; 3. Enclosed windproof lifting door; 4. Fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door; 5. Integrated cast-in-place top shell; 6. Integrated cast-in-place feed inlet; 7. Perlite insulation layer; 8. Integrated cast-in-place blast furnace arch; 9. Refractory brick masonry structure; 10. Insulation layer structure; 11. Red brick masonry structure; 12. In-furnace material conveying shaft assembly; 13. Straw bale breaking conveying ventilation and oxygen supply shaft assembly; 14. Reverse-moving grate; 15. Smoke exhaust port; 16. Combustion chamber; 17. Slag discharge port; 18. Automatic oil injection device; 19. Variable frequency fan. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown, a biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw is illustrated, comprising: a furnace body, an in-furnace conveying shaft assembly 12, and a reverse-moving grate 14. The furnace body has an internal combustion chamber 16, and the front side wall of the furnace body has an integrally cast feed inlet 6 communicating with the combustion chamber 16. The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly 12 is installed inside the combustion chamber 16, and the reverse-moving grate 14 is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber 16. The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly 12 is used to transfer biomass fuel located at the integrally cast feed inlet 6 to the reverse-moving grate 14. A slag discharge port 17 is opened on the furnace body, located at the end of the material conveying direction of the reverse-moving grate 14. A flue gas outlet 15 communicating with the combustion chamber 16 is located on the rear side of the furnace body.

[0049] The reverse-moving grate 14 uses chain drive to drive multiple drive rollers on the grate frame to rotate synchronously, and the drive wheel of the reverse-moving grate 14 is driven by an external motor through a chain drive mechanism.

[0050] The furnace conveying shaft assembly 12 includes: multiple conveying shafts, each of which is detachably and rotatably connected at both ends to the left and right side walls of the furnace body, and the multiple conveying shafts are arranged from front to back, with the same rotation direction and located on the same plane; the conveying shaft at the foremost end is higher than the conveying shaft at the rearmost end.

[0051] Multiple conveyor shafts are driven by chains to achieve synchronous rotation. The same rotation speed of multiple conveyor shafts enables uniform transportation of biomass fuel. This allows for thorough heating and drying of biomass fuel and complete combustion without increasing the length and width of the furnace body. It also increases the combustion time of biomass fuel in the co-combustion chamber 16 and improves the utilization efficiency of biomass fuel. This utility model uses the in-furnace conveyor shaft group 12 in conjunction with the reverse-moving grate 14 to achieve biomass fuel combustion in two reciprocating strokes, which prolongs the heating and combustion time in the co-combustion chamber 16. Even if the moisture content of the baled straw exceeds 30%, it can still be dried at high temperature in the co-combustion chamber 16 and then fully burned. It is applicable to baled straw with a moisture content of 40% to 50%.

[0052] The distance between the frontmost conveying shaft and the front side wall of the furnace body is less than the minimum outer diameter of the biomass fuel. The distance between the rearmost conveying shaft and the rear side wall of the furnace body is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the biomass fuel. The height of the frontmost conveying shaft is lower than the bottom edge of the integrally cast feed inlet 6. The conveying shaft group 12 in the furnace is used to move the biomass fuel from front to back and drop it onto the reverse-moving grate 14. The reverse-moving grate 14 is used to move the biomass fuel from back to front and transfer the fully burned slag to the slag discharge port 17.

[0053] The distance between the material conveying shaft at the rear end and the inner wall of the furnace body, that is, the distance between the end of the material conveying direction of this row of material conveying shafts and the inner wall of the furnace body, is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the biomass fuel, so as to avoid the biomass fuel from clogging the inside of the furnace body.

[0054] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the top of the furnace body is provided with an integrally cast top shell 5. The rear sidewall of the furnace body includes: a front support sidewall, a rear support sidewall, and a horizontal support sidewall. The lower end of the front support sidewall is installed at the rear end of the reverse-moving grate 14. The front end of the horizontal support sidewall is connected to the upper end of the front support sidewall, and the rear end of the horizontal support sidewall is connected to the upper end of the rear support sidewall. The left and right ends of the front support sidewall are respectively connected to the left and right sidewalls. The left and right ends of the horizontal support sidewall are respectively connected to the left and right sidewalls. The ends are connected to the left and right side walls respectively; the front support side wall, the rear support side wall and the horizontal support side wall together form an arched structure with openings at the bottom and on the left and right sides and connected to the outside of the furnace body; the integral cast top shell 5, the horizontal support side wall and the left and right side walls of the furnace body together form a flue gas outlet 15; the integral cast top shell 5 includes: an inclined section top shell and a horizontal section top shell, the rear end of the inclined section top shell is connected to the front end of the horizontal section top shell as a whole, and the horizontal height of the front end of the inclined section top shell is lower than the horizontal height of its rear end.

[0055] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, it further includes: a side wall ventilation and oxygen replenishment duct 1, which is installed inside the front support side wall. One end of the side wall ventilation and oxygen replenishment duct 1 is located between the front support side wall and the rear support side wall and is connected to the external air inlet pipe. The other end of the side wall ventilation and oxygen replenishment duct 1 is located inside the combustion chamber 16. Multiple through holes are provided on the side wall of the side wall ventilation and oxygen replenishment duct 1 located inside the combustion chamber 16.

[0056] Air or oxygen is supplied to the combustion chamber 16 through the side wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct 1 to ensure the oxygen supply needs for biomass fuel combustion in the combustion chamber 16.

[0057] It also includes an automatic oil injection device 18, which is installed at the rear end of the reverse-moving grate 14 and located between the front and rear support side walls. The automatic oil injection device 18 is used to inject oil into the reverse-moving grate 14, reducing grate wear. By replacing manual oil injection with the automatic oil injection device 18, manual intervention is reduced, and workload is lessened. The automatic oil injection device 18 consists of a motor, a pump body, an oil tank, and an oil injection pipe. The motor drives the pump body to rotate, injecting the lubricating oil in the oil tank into the reverse-moving grate 14 through the oil injection pipe. The motor starts at regular intervals to achieve automatic oil injection.

[0058] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, an integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is provided inside the furnace body. The integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is located above the material conveying shaft assembly 12 inside the furnace and below the integrally cast top shell 5. The left and right ends of the integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 are connected to the left and right side walls, respectively, and the rear end of the integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is connected to the front end of the horizontal support side wall. The horizontal height of the front end of the integrally cast air-gathering furnace arch 8 is higher than the horizontal height of its rear end.

[0059] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, it further includes: a straw bale breaking, conveying, ventilation, and oxygen supply shaft assembly 13, which includes: a bale breaking shaft and a coke breaking shaft. The two ends of the bale breaking shaft are detachably rotatably connected to the left and right side walls, respectively. The two ends of the coke breaking shaft are detachably rotatably connected to the left and right side walls, respectively. The outer surface of the bale breaking shaft is provided with multiple toothed bale breaking structures, and the outer surface of the coke breaking shaft is provided with multiple toothed coke breaking structures. Both the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft are located above the reverse-moving grate 14 and below the in-furnace material conveying shaft assembly 12. Both the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft rotate synchronously in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The rotation direction of the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the drive wheel of the reverse-moving grate 14.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, both the packing-breaking shaft and the coke-breaking shaft are located above the reverse-moving grate 14. When the reverse-moving grate 14 transports biomass fuel from back to front, the drive wheel of the reverse-moving grate 14 rotates counterclockwise. At this time, the packing-breaking shaft and the coke-breaking shaft also rotate counterclockwise. The biomass fuel on the reverse-moving grate 14 first passes through the packing-breaking shaft. The packing-breaking shaft breaks the binding or binding structure on the biomass fuel through multiple toothed packing-breaking structures, and the biomass fuel disperses. Then it passes through the coke-breaking shaft. The coke-breaking shaft breaks the coked block biomass fuel through multiple toothed coke-breaking structures. The packing-breaking shaft and the coke-breaking shaft disperse the biomass fuel, allowing it to burn completely.

[0061] Multiple material conveying shafts, pack breaking shafts, and coke breaking shafts are all hollow shafts, with ventilation holes on the side walls. The ends of these shafts are detachably connected to external air inlet pipes. Preferably, flange connections are used, which are easy to assemble and provide a strong seal. In existing equipment maintenance, the furnace body and pipes are welded, requiring cutting and replacement of parts before re-welding. Due to the weight of the equipment, hoisting equipment is also required. In this invention, the ends of the material conveying shafts, pack breaking shafts, and coke breaking shafts are connected to the flanges of the furnace body, which is easy to disassemble, repair, and replace, and provides a strong seal without the need for cutting and welding maintenance procedures.

[0062] Air inlets are provided on the left and right side walls of the main body of the furnace and at the bottom of the reverse-moving grate 14. All air inlets are detachably connected to the external air inlet pipe.

[0063] It also includes: a variable frequency fan 19, the exhaust port of which is connected to the air inlet pipe. The variable frequency fan 19 is used to inject air into the combustion chamber 16 and adjust the internal oxygen supply of the furnace body. When the internal temperature of the furnace body is low, the variable frequency fan 19 increases the air intake of the air inlet pipe. When the internal temperature of the furnace body is high, the variable frequency fan 19 reduces the air intake of the air inlet pipe to ensure the internal temperature of the furnace body is stable and the temperature of the heating air is stable.

[0064] Multiple air inlets are connected to external air intake ducts via flanges. The effect of flange connections is the same as the connection methods for the aforementioned deburring and coke crushing shafts, facilitating maintenance. Flange connections can also be used between the main and branch lines of the air intake duct, facilitating disassembly and assembly and avoiding repeated cutting and welding of the integrated structure during subsequent maintenance.

[0065] It also includes a spraying device, which is installed inside the furnace body. The spraying device is used to spray the slag at the slag discharge port 17 to prevent the fire from being carried out during the slag cleaning process and to avoid a fire accident.

[0066] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, an openable and closable observation window is provided on the left and / or right side walls of the furnace body, and a monitoring camera is also included. The monitoring camera is detachably installed on the outer wall of the furnace body and is used to monitor the combustion situation in the combustion chamber 16 through the observation window. This structural design facilitates the operator's observation of the combustion situation inside the furnace and effectively avoids damage to the monitoring camera caused by the high temperature inside the furnace. When existing equipment uses a monitoring camera to monitor the inside of the furnace, an additional spray device is installed on the monitoring camera to spray and cool it down. However, due to the high operating temperature inside the furnace, the service life of the monitoring camera is extremely short, and it is difficult to exceed one month. At the same time, the present invention adopts an openable and closable observation window structure. When the furnace is burning, dense smoke and fly ash will be generated and cover the inside of the observation window. At this time, the operator can open the observation window and use a cleaning device to wipe the fly ash on the inside of the observation window while ensuring their own safety (such as when the fire is turned off or the fuel feed is temporarily suspended) to ensure the light transmittance of the observation window.

[0067] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the front sidewall of the furnace body has a three-layer structure, consisting of a red brick masonry structure 11, an insulation layer structure 10, and a refractory brick masonry structure 9, arranged sequentially from front to back.

[0068] The red brick masonry structure 11 mainly provides external support strength. The refractory brick masonry structure 9 is in direct contact with the combustion chamber 16 and has high temperature resistance and fireproof function. The insulation layer structure 10 is located between the red brick masonry structure 11 and the refractory brick masonry structure 9. It not only prevents the flame in the combustion chamber 16 from directly burning the insulation layer structure 10, but also provides insulation for the combustion chamber 16 and reduces heat loss.

[0069] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the upper surface of the inclined section top shell is provided with a perlite insulation layer 7, and the upper end of the red brick masonry structure 11, the upper surface of the perlite insulation layer 7 and the upper surface of the horizontal section top shell are located on the same plane.

[0070] The perlite insulation layer 7 provides insulation for the combustion chamber 16, reducing heat loss.

[0071] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4, which is slidably installed on the front side wall of the furnace body, and is used to open and close the integrated casting feed inlet 6.

[0072] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, a closed feeding system chamber is provided on the front side of the furnace body, and it also includes: a slope-section closed feeding machine 2. The slope-section closed feeding machine 2 is located inside the closed feeding system chamber. The slope-section closed feeding machine 2 includes: a feeding machine frame, a feeding trolley, a feeding motor, and a limiting side plate. The front end of the feeding machine frame is lower than its rear end. The rear end of the feeding machine frame is connected to the integrated casting inlet 6. A slide rail and a rack are installed on the upper surface of the feeding machine frame along its length. Limiting side plates are installed on the left and right sides of the upper surface of the feeding machine frame. The feeding motor is slidably installed on the feeding machine frame via the slide rail. A gear is installed on the output end of the feeding motor and rotatably installed on the side of the feeding trolley. The gear meshes with the rack. A roller for walking on the feeding machine frame is installed at the bottom of the feeding trolley. The feeding motor is used to drive the gear to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of itself and the feeding trolley along the feeding machine frame.

[0073] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, it further includes: a closed windproof lifting door 3, which is slidably installed inside the closed chamber of the feeding system. The closed windproof lifting door 3 is vertically arranged and slides along the vertical direction. The closed windproof lifting door 3 is used to realize the opening and closing of the closed chamber of the feeding system.

[0074] The rear half of the slope-section enclosed feeder 2 is located inside the enclosed hopper of the feeding system, while the front half extends out of the enclosed hopper of the feeding system to facilitate the feeding of biomass fuel. The fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 and the enclosed windproof lifting door 3 are opened alternately and cannot be in the open state at the same time. The feeding stroke requires that the inside of the drying furnace always maintain a negative pressure state to avoid heat loss due to heat overflow from the furnace and to prevent the flame inside the drying furnace from backfired to the feeding device through the furnace door, which could cause a safety accident.

[0075] The lifting and lowering of the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 and the enclosed windproof lifting door 3 are both achieved through the cooperation of chains and slide rails. The two ends of the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 are slidably installed on the front side wall of the furnace body through slide rails. There are transmission chains on its left and right sides. The chains are driven synchronously by two transmission rollers on the upper and lower sides. Both chains are connected to the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4. An external motor drives one of the transmission rollers to rotate through the chain transmission mechanism, thereby moving the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 up and down along the slide rail to open and close the integrated casting feed inlet 6. The two ends of the enclosed windproof lifting door 3 are slidably installed in the closed chamber of the feeding hopper through slide rails. There are transmission chains on its left and right sides. The chains are driven synchronously by two transmission rollers on the upper and lower sides. Both chains are connected to the enclosed windproof lifting door 3. An external motor drives one of the transmission rollers to rotate through the chain transmission mechanism, thereby moving the enclosed windproof lifting door 3 up and down along the slide rail to open and close the closed chamber of the feeding hopper.

[0076] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, it also includes: a PLC machine, which is used to control all active components of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace for baling straw, so as to realize intelligent control of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace. Specifically, it includes drive devices for multiple material conveying shafts, bale breaking shafts and coke breaking shafts, variable frequency fan 19, spraying device, automatic oil injection device 18, slope closed feeding machine 2, fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 and closed windproof lifting door 3.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention.

[0078] Based on the above, this utility model also has the following embodiments:

[0079] In a further embodiment of this utility model, a feeding device is provided for the straw baling direct-fired hot air drying furnace. The purpose of the equipment is to feed the straw baling fuel into the combustion chamber of the drying furnace via the feeding device. (Refer to the accompanying drawings for details.) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The drying furnace is the main body of the furnace. The feeding device is a slope-enclosed feeder 2. The straw baling fuel is biomass fuel. The combustion chamber of the drying furnace is the co-combustion chamber 16.

[0080] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 and the closed windproof lifting door 3 are opened and closed alternately. The feeding stroke requires the combustion chamber 16 to always maintain a negative pressure state to avoid contact with the atmosphere to form a positive and negative pressure space interaction that causes drastic temperature fluctuations inside the combustion chamber 16, and to prevent the flame inside the combustion chamber 16 from backfired through the integrated casting inlet 6 to the slope section closed feeding machine 2, causing a safety accident.

[0081] In a further embodiment of this utility model, a closed feeding system hopper is set outside the slope closed feeding machine 2, a closed windproof lifting door 3 is set in the middle of the travel path of the feeding trolley on the slope closed feeding machine 2, and a closed fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 is set at the integrated casting inlet 6. The straw baled fuel is carried by the feeding trolley through the closed windproof lifting door 3 and the closed fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 before entering the combustion chamber 16. When the closed windproof lifting door 3 is closed and the closed fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 is open, the part of the closed windproof lifting door 3 in the middle section of the slope closed feeding machine 2 connected to the furnace body is under negative pressure. The feeding trolley delivers the straw baled fuel into the combustion chamber 16 of the hot air furnace. After the feeding trolley completes its feeding and returns, when the closed fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 is closed and the closed windproof lifting door 3 is open, the location of the feeding trolley (the closed chamber of the feeding system) is connected to the atmosphere and is under positive pressure. The combustion chamber 16 of the drying furnace is under negative pressure due to the isolation of the closed fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4.

[0082] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the structure is described as follows: the linkage control of the slope-enclosed material feeder 2, the enclosed windproof lifting door 3, and the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 is the basic condition for the normal and stable operation of the structure described above. A differential control logic design module is used, with limit controllers constraining the start and stop actions of the slope-enclosed material feeder 2, the enclosed windproof lifting door 3, and the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4. A time controller and an ultrasonic detector monitor the working status of the slope-enclosed material feeder 2, the enclosed windproof lifting door 3, and the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4. The above control elements send logic signals to the PLC control system according to the working requirements. The PLC control system then issues relevant commands according to the preset control link, which are then executed by the corresponding control elements.

[0083] The first safety control is fault information feedback. When a control component fails or the control link logic is incorrect, the PLC control system will send an alarm to the central control panel, allowing the on-duty operator to manually intervene and handle the fault. The second safety control is real-time information feedback from the video monitor. When the equipment malfunctions and stops abruptly, the on-duty operator can take appropriate action immediately.

[0084] In a further embodiment of this utility model, the work process is as follows:

[0085] Step 1: The feeding trolley of the slope-enclosed feeding machine 2, carrying straw baling fuel, enters the vehicle according to the predetermined route and passes through the enclosed windproof lifting door 3;

[0086] Step 2: The ultrasonic detector, which is set at a fixed scanning point on the enclosed windproof lifting door 3, detects that the feeding trolley has passed the predetermined position;

[0087] Step 3: The ultrasonic detector sends a signal to the PLC platform that the feeding trolley has passed the predetermined position. The PLC platform sends a closing command to the closed windproof lifting door 3 and simultaneously sends a stop command to the slope closed feeding machine 2.

[0088] Step 4: After the windproof lifting door 3 completes the closing action, it sends a closing end signal to the PLC platform. The PLC platform then sends an opening and closing command to the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4.

[0089] Step 5: After the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 completes the opening and closing action, it sends an opening and closing end signal to the PLC platform. The PLC platform then sends an entry command to the slope section enclosed material feeder 2.

[0090] Step 6: The feeding trolley carrying straw baled fuel sends the fuel into the mixing chamber 16 of the drying oven through the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4. At the end of the stroke, the limit switch controls the stop and sends a feeding completion signal to the PLC platform.

[0091] Step 7: The PLC platform sends a reversing command to the slope section enclosed material feeder 2, and the material feeder trolley reverses through the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4;

[0092] Step 8: The ultrasonic detector set at the fixed scanning point on the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 detects that the feeding trolley has passed the predetermined position;

[0093] Step 9: The ultrasonic detector sends a signal to the PLC platform that the feeding trolley has reversed past the predetermined position. The PLC platform sends a closing command to the fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 and simultaneously sends a stop command to the slope section closing feeding machine 2.

[0094] Step 10: Fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door 4 completes the closing action and sends a closing technical signal to the PLC platform. The PLC platform sends an opening and closing command to the closed windproof lifting door 3.

[0095] Step 11: After the windproof lifting door 3 completes the opening and closing action, it sends an opening and closing end signal to the PLC platform. The PLC platform then sends a reversing command to the slope section enclosed material feeder 2.

[0096] Step 12: The feeding trolley reverses into the predetermined loading position. At the end of the stroke, the limit switch stops the trolley and sends a reversing completion signal to the PLC platform, thus completing a single feeding stroke.

[0097] Step 13: After the ultrasonic detector at the fixed scanning point at the stop and loading position of the feeder detects that it is reloaded with fuel, it sends an entry signal to the PLC.

[0098] Step 14: After receiving the vehicle entry signal, the PLC sends a vehicle entry start request to the control panel according to the time delay logic. After the on-duty operator confirms the request through video monitoring, the PLC issues a vehicle entry start command.

[0099] During the feeding trolley's entry and reversing processes, it is controlled by a limit switch. When it comes into contact with an obstacle, it stops immediately. This action has a higher priority than other action instructions. When the feeding trolley stops outside of the predetermined logical stroke, other logical instructions become invalid and stop. The PLC platform immediately issues a fault warning to the on-site operator, who then needs to intervene manually.

[0100] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should realize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw, characterized in that, include: The furnace body consists of a main body, an in-furnace conveying shaft assembly (12), and a reverse-moving grate (14). The main body has a combustion chamber (16) inside. The front side wall of the main body has an integrally cast feed inlet (6) that communicates with the combustion chamber (16). The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly (12) is installed in the combustion chamber (16). The reverse-moving grate (14) is located at the bottom of the combustion chamber (16). The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly (12) is used to transfer biomass fuel located at the integrally cast feed inlet (6) to the reverse-moving grate (14). The main body has a slag discharge port (17) located at the end of the material conveying direction of the reverse-moving grate (14). The rear side of the main body has a flue gas outlet (15) that communicates with the combustion chamber (16). The in-furnace conveying shaft assembly (12) includes: multiple conveying shafts, each conveying shaft having its two ends detachably rotatably connected to the left and right side walls of the furnace body, the multiple conveying shafts being arranged from front to back, the multiple conveying shafts rotating in the same direction and located on the same plane; the conveying shaft at the front end is higher than the conveying shaft at the rear end; The distance between the frontmost conveying shaft and the front side wall of the furnace body is less than the minimum outer diameter of the biomass fuel. The distance between the rearmost conveying shaft and the rear side wall of the furnace body is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the biomass fuel. The height of the frontmost conveying shaft is lower than the bottom edge of the integral casting feed inlet (6). The in-furnace conveying shaft group (12) is used to move the biomass fuel from front to back and drop it onto the reverse-moving grate (14). The reverse-moving grate (14) is used to move the biomass fuel from back to front and transfer the fully burned slag to the slag discharge port (17).

2. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the furnace body is provided with an integral cast top shell (5). The rear side wall of the furnace body includes: a front support side wall, a rear support side wall and a horizontal support side wall. The lower end of the front support side wall is installed at the rear end of the reverse-moving grate (14). The front end of the horizontal support side wall is connected to the upper end of the front support side wall, and the rear end of the horizontal support side wall is connected to the upper end of the rear support side wall. The left and right ends of the front support side wall are connected to the left and right side walls respectively. The left and right ends of the horizontal support side wall are connected to the left and right side walls respectively. Side wall connection; the front support side wall, the rear support side wall and the horizontal support side wall together form an arched structure with openings at the bottom and on the left and right sides and connected to the outside of the furnace body; the integral cast top shell (5), the horizontal support side wall and the left and right side walls of the furnace body together form the exhaust port (15); the integral cast top shell (5) includes: an inclined section top shell and a horizontal section top shell, the rear end of the inclined section top shell is connected to the front end of the horizontal section top shell as a whole, and the horizontal height of the front end of the inclined section top shell is lower than the horizontal height of its rear end.

3. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The side wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct (1) is installed inside the front support side wall. One end of the side wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct (1) is located between the front support side wall and the rear support side wall and is connected to the external air inlet pipe. The other end of the side wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct (1) is located inside the combustion chamber (16). Multiple through holes are opened on the side wall of the side wall ventilation and oxygen supply duct (1) located in the combustion chamber (16). The duct also includes an automatic oil injection device (18), which is installed at the rear end of the reverse-moving grate (14) and located between the front support side wall and the rear support side wall. The automatic oil injection device (18) is used to inject oil into the reverse-moving grate (14).

4. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 2, characterized in that, The furnace body has an integral cast air-gathering furnace arch (8) inside. The integral cast air-gathering furnace arch (8) is located above the material conveying shaft assembly (12) and below the integral cast top shell (5). The left and right ends of the integral cast air-gathering furnace arch (8) are connected to the left and right side walls respectively. The rear end of the integral cast air-gathering furnace arch (8) is connected to the front end of the horizontal support side wall. The horizontal height of the front end of the integral cast air-gathering furnace arch (8) is higher than the horizontal height of its rear end. The front side wall of the furnace body has a three-layer structure, consisting of a red brick masonry structure (11), an insulation layer structure (10), and a refractory brick masonry structure (9) from front to back. The upper surface of the inclined section top shell is provided with a perlite insulation layer (7), and the upper end of the red brick masonry structure (11), the upper surface of the perlite insulation layer (7) and the upper surface of the horizontal section top shell are located on the same plane.

5. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The straw bale breaking, conveying, ventilation and oxygen supply shaft assembly (13) includes: a bale breaking shaft and a coke breaking shaft. The two ends of the bale breaking shaft are detachably rotatably connected to the left and right side walls respectively. The two ends of the coke breaking shaft are detachably rotatably connected to the left and right side walls respectively. The outer surface of the bale breaking shaft is provided with multiple toothed bale breaking structures. The outer surface of the coke breaking shaft is provided with multiple toothed coke breaking structures. The bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft are both located above the reverse-moving grate (14) and below the material conveying shaft assembly (12) in the furnace. The bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft rotate synchronously in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The rotation direction of the bale breaking shaft and the coke breaking shaft is the same as the rotation direction of the drive wheel of the reverse-moving grate (14). Multiple material conveying shafts, bag breaking shafts, and coke breaking shafts are all hollow shafts, and ventilation holes are provided on the side walls of the hollow shafts; the ends of multiple material conveying shafts, bag breaking shafts, and coke breaking shafts are detachably connected to external air inlet pipes; Air inlets are provided on the left and right side walls of the main body of the furnace and at the bottom of the reverse-moving grate (14). Multiple air inlets are detachably connected to the external air inlet pipe. It also includes: a variable frequency fan (19), the exhaust port of which is connected to the air inlet pipe, and the variable frequency fan (19) is used to inject air into the combustion chamber (16); It also includes: a spraying device, which is installed inside the furnace body and is used to spray slag at the slag outlet (17).

6. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body has an openable and closable observation window on the left and / or right side walls, and also includes a monitoring camera, which is detachably mounted on the outer wall of the furnace body. The monitoring camera is used to monitor the combustion in the combustion chamber (16) through the observation window.

7. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door (4) is slidably installed on the front side wall of the furnace body. The fireproof and heat-insulating lifting door (4) is used to realize the opening and closing of the integrated casting feed inlet (6).

8. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front side of the furnace body is provided with a closed feeding system chamber, which also includes a slope closed feeding machine (2). The slope closed feeding machine (2) is located in the closed feeding system chamber. The slope closed feeding machine (2) includes a feeding machine frame, a feeding trolley, a feeding motor and a limiting side plate. The front end of the feeding machine frame is lower than its rear end. The rear end of the feeding machine frame is connected to the integrated casting inlet (6). The upper surface of the feeding machine frame is equipped with a slide rail and a rack along its length. The left and right sides of the upper surface of the feeding machine frame are equipped with limiting side plates. The feeding motor is slidably installed on the feeding machine frame through the slide rail. The gear is installed at the output end of the feeding motor and rotates on the side of the feeding trolley. The gear meshes with the rack. The bottom of the feeding trolley is equipped with rollers for walking on the feeding machine frame. The feeding motor is used to drive the gear to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of itself and the feeding trolley along the feeding machine frame.

9. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The closed windproof lifting door (3) is slidably installed in the closed chamber of the feeding system. The closed windproof lifting door (3) is vertically set and slides along the vertical direction. The closed windproof lifting door (3) is used to realize the opening and closing of the closed chamber of the feeding system.

10. The biomass direct-fired hot air furnace suitable for baling straw according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The PLC computer is used to control all active components of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace for baling straw, thereby realizing the intelligent control of the biomass direct-fired hot air furnace.

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