Photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to photovoltaic technology field especially relates to a kind of photovoltaic module.The photovoltaic module includes multiple cell strings, multiple cell string matrixes, bus bar and multiple bypass components. Among them, multiple cell strings are sequentially arranged along the first direction, and each cell string is formed by multiple cell pieces arranged along the second direction in series, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.Each cell string matrix is composed of multiple cell strings arranged along the first direction, and multiple cell strings are connected in parallel by bus bar.Each cell string matrix is configured with a bypass component, and the bypass component is arranged on the side of cell string along the first direction;One end of bypass component is connected with bus bar, and the other end of bypass component is connected with the positive electrode lead-out wire or negative electrode lead-out wire of photovoltaic module;Bypass component is configured to bypass cell string matrix with faulty cell piece when cell piece fails. The photovoltaic module can reduce the generation of hot spot, and improve the power of photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, during the use of photovoltaic modules, when a cell fails, it cannot generate current, while the other cells continue to operate normally and generate current. In this situation, the current in the cell string containing the faulty cell is impeded, and the voltage drops. Because the faulty cell cannot generate sufficient current, it will be in a reverse-biased state. Reverse bias means that the voltage across the cell is opposite to its normal operating direction. In this condition, the faulty cell will consume electrical energy instead of generating it, thus generating heat when current flows through it, forming hot spots on the cell, and reducing the overall power output of the photovoltaic module.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a photovoltaic module to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a photovoltaic module that reduces the generation of hot spots and increases the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model provides a photovoltaic module, comprising:

[0007] Multiple battery strings are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each battery string is formed by multiple battery cells arranged in series along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] Multiple battery string matrices, each of which consists of multiple battery strings arranged along a first direction, and the multiple battery strings are connected in parallel via busbars;

[0009] Multiple bypass components are provided, with one bypass component configured in each of the battery string matrices, and the bypass component is disposed on one side of the battery string along the first direction; one end of the bypass component is connected to a bus bar in the battery string matrix, and the other end of the bypass component is connected to the positive or negative lead of the photovoltaic module; the bypass component is configured to selectively bypass at least one battery string.

[0010] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the bypass module is disposed between two adjacent battery strings.

[0011] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, multiple battery string matrices are arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction. Along the second direction, in two adjacent battery string matrices, both bypass components are connected to the positive electrode lead or the negative electrode lead.

[0012] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, along the first direction, two adjacent battery string matrices are connected in series via busbars; along the second direction, two adjacent battery string matrices are connected in parallel via positive or negative leads.

[0013] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the bypass module is disposed between two adjacent cell string matrices along the first direction.

[0014] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the bypass module includes a jumper and a diode. One end of the jumper is connected to the busbar, and the other end of the jumper is connected to the positive lead or the negative lead through the diode.

[0015] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the positive terminal of the diode is connected to the busbar, and the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the positive lead.

[0016] Alternatively, the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the busbar, and the positive terminal of the diode is connected to the negative lead.

[0017] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic module further includes a junction box, located along the second direction in two adjacent cell string matrices;

[0018] Both diodes and their positive leads are housed in a junction box, or both diodes and their negative leads are housed in a junction box.

[0019] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the solar cells are N-cell cells, where N≥2 and N is a positive integer.

[0020] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic module further includes a front encapsulant film, a front glass, a back encapsulant film, and a back glass; the opposite sides of the front encapsulant film are respectively bonded to one side of the front glass and one side of the cell string matrix, and the opposite sides of the back encapsulant film are respectively bonded to the other side of the back glass and the cell string matrix.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this utility model include at least the following:

[0022] This invention provides a photovoltaic module, comprising multiple cell strings, multiple cell string matrices, busbars, and multiple bypass components. The multiple cell strings are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each cell string is formed by multiple cells connected in series along a second direction, the first and second directions being perpendicular to each other. Each cell string matrix consists of multiple cell strings arranged along the first direction, and the multiple cell strings are connected in parallel via busbars. The busbars are positioned on one side of the cell string matrix along the second direction. Each cell string matrix is ​​equipped with a bypass component, which is located on one side of the cell strings along the first direction; one end of the bypass component is connected to the busbar, and the other end is connected to the positive or negative lead of the photovoltaic module; the bypass component is configured to bypass the cell string matrix containing the faulty cell when a cell fails.

[0023] The above describes a system where one end of the bypass component is connected to the busbar, and the other end is connected to the positive or negative lead of the photovoltaic module, thus connecting the bypass component in parallel with the battery strings in the battery string matrix. Under normal operating conditions, the bypass component does not meet the triggering condition and is in a reverse cutoff state with no current flowing through it. When a cell in a battery string is blocked or damaged, the current to that string is impeded, the resistance increases, and the voltage decreases. This causes the voltage difference across the bypass component to exceed its turn-on voltage, at which point the bypass component conducts, and the current flows directly from the busbar through the bypass component to the positive lead, bypassing the battery string matrix with the faulty cell. This achieves the purpose of bypassing the faulty battery string matrix, while other battery string matrices can still operate normally, thereby reducing power loss in the photovoltaic module and increasing its power output. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of the battery string provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the cell string matrix in the photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure Labels

[0028] 10. Battery string matrix; 11. Battery string; 12. Busbar; 13. Positive lead; 14. Negative lead;

[0029] 20. Bypass component; 21. Jumper wire; 22. Diode;

[0030] 30. Junction box. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0037] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0038] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module that reduces the generation of hot spots and increases the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0039] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the photovoltaic module mainly includes multiple cell strings 11, multiple cell string matrices 10, busbars, and multiple bypass components 20. The multiple cell strings 11 are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each cell string 11 is formed by multiple cells connected in series along a second direction, with the first and second directions perpendicular to each other. Each cell string matrix 10 consists of multiple cell strings 11 arranged along the first direction, and the multiple cell strings 11 are connected in parallel via busbars 12. The busbars 12 are located on one side of the cell string matrix 10 along the second direction. Each cell string matrix 10 is equipped with a bypass component 20, and the bypass component 20 is located on one side of the cell string 11 along the first direction; one end of the bypass component 20 is connected to the busbar 12, and the other end of the bypass component 20 is connected to the positive lead 13 or negative lead 14 of the photovoltaic module; the bypass component 20 is configured to bypass the cell string matrix 10 with the faulty cell when a cell fails. It should be noted that the first direction is... Figure 2 The X-axis direction in the diagram, the second direction is... Figure 2 The Y-axis direction in the diagram.

[0040] Based on the above design, in this embodiment, by connecting one end of the bypass component 20 to the busbar 12 and the other end of the bypass component 20 to the positive lead 13 or negative lead 14 of the photovoltaic module, the bypass component 20 is connected in parallel with the battery string 11 in the battery string matrix 10. Under normal operating conditions, the bypass component 20 does not meet the triggering condition, and at this time, the bypass component 20 is in a reverse cut-off state and no current flows. When a cell in a battery string 11 is blocked or damaged, the current in that battery string 11 is blocked, the resistance increases, and the voltage decreases, which causes the voltage difference across the bypass component 20 to exceed its turn-on voltage. At this time, the bypass component 20 conducts, and the current flows directly from the busbar 12 through the bypass component 20 to the positive lead 13, thereby bypassing the battery string matrix 10 with the faulty cell. This achieves the purpose of bypassing the faulty battery string matrix 10, while other battery string matrices 10 can still work normally, thereby reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic module and increasing the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0041] It is understood that each battery string matrix 10 in this embodiment is configured with an independent bypass component 20. When a battery cell fails and the triggering condition of the bypass component 20 is met, the bypass component 20 can bypass all parallel battery strings 11 in the battery string matrix 10 containing the faulty battery cell. Other battery string matrices 10 can still work normally, greatly reducing power loss.

[0042] The bypass component 20 is located on the side of the battery string matrix 10 to avoid crossing the main busbar of the battery cell and reduce the risk of microcracks in the battery cell caused by structural interference during the lamination process.

[0043] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in this embodiment, the bypass component 20 is disposed between two adjacent battery strings 11. In other words, the bypass component 20 is embedded in the gap between adjacent battery strings 11, significantly shortening the length of the bypass component 20, reducing the path resistance of the bypass component 20, reducing Joule heat accumulation during hot spot triggering, and mitigating the hot spot effect. At the same time, it also enables the bypass component 20 to be physically isolated from the battery strings 11, avoiding the risk of microcracks in the battery cells caused by stress concentration at the edges of the cells during lamination.

[0044] like Figures 1-2 As shown, multiple battery string matrices 10 are arranged in an array along a first direction and a second direction. Along the second direction, in two adjacent battery string matrices 10, both bypass components 20 are connected to either the positive lead 13 or the negative lead 14. This allows the bypass components 20 of adjacent battery string matrices 10 to share the same polarity lead along the second direction, simplifying the circuit connection complexity and reducing the risk of short circuits caused by wiring crossovers within the junction box 30.

[0045] like Figures 1-2As shown, along the first direction, two adjacent battery string matrices 10 are connected in series via busbars 12; along the second direction, two adjacent battery string matrices 10 are connected in parallel via positive lead 13 or negative lead 14. This allows the battery string matrices 10 connected in series along the first direction to form a voltage superposition module, and the battery string matrices 10 connected in parallel along the second direction to form a current extension module, improving the flexibility of the photovoltaic module's output voltage and current.

[0046] In some alternative implementations, the bypass component 20 may also be disposed on any side of the battery string matrix 10 along the first direction to reduce the risk of battery cell cracking caused by interference between the bypass component 20 and the battery cells during lamination.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the bypass component 20 in this embodiment includes a jumper 21 and a diode 22. One end of the jumper 21 is connected to the busbar 12, and the other end of the jumper 21 is connected to the positive lead 13 or the negative lead 14 through the diode 22. That is, the jumper 21 directly connects the busbar 12 and the diode 22 to form a bypass channel independent of the main circuit, ensuring that the current bypass path is the shortest when a hot spot is triggered.

[0048] Under normal operating conditions, diode 22 does not meet the trigger condition. At this time, diode 22 in the bypass component 20 is in reverse cutoff and no current flows. When a cell in a battery string 11 is blocked or damaged, the current in that battery string 11 is obstructed, the resistance increases, and the voltage decreases. This causes the voltage difference across diode 22 to exceed its turn-on voltage. At this time, diode 22 conducts, and the current flows directly from busbar 12 through diode 22 to the positive lead 13, or from negative lead 14 through diode 22 to busbar 12. This bypasses the faulty battery string 11, achieving the purpose of bypassing the faulty battery string matrix 10, while other battery string matrices 10 can still operate normally, thereby reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic module and increasing the power of the photovoltaic module.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the positive terminal of diode 22 is connected to busbar 12, and the negative terminal of diode 22 is connected to positive lead 13; or, the negative terminal of diode 22 is connected to busbar 12, and the positive terminal of diode 22 is connected to negative lead 14. This polarity-oriented connection of diode 22 ensures that the bypass component 20 is turned on only when the battery string 11 is reverse biased, preventing accidental triggering of diode 22 in the bypass component 20 under normal operating conditions.

[0050] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic module also includes a junction box 30. Along the second direction, in two adjacent cell string matrices 10, two diodes 22 and positive leads 13 are both disposed in the junction box 30, or two diodes 22 and negative leads 14 are both disposed in the junction box 30. By integrating the diodes 22 and leads (positive leads 13 or negative leads 14) in the two cell string arrays 11 through the junction box 30, the sealed structure of the junction box 30 achieves dual protection against moisture and heat, extending the service life of the diodes 22.

[0051] Optionally, in this embodiment, the battery cell is an N-cell battery, where N ≥ 2 and N is a positive integer. N can be set to values ​​such as 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., that is, the battery cell can be set as a two-cell battery, a three-cell battery, a four-cell battery, a five-cell battery, etc.

[0052] The photovoltaic module in this embodiment also includes a front adhesive film, a front glass, a back adhesive film, and a back glass. The opposite sides of the front adhesive film are bonded to one side of the front glass and one side of the cell string matrix 10, respectively, and the opposite sides of the back adhesive film are bonded to the other side of the back glass and the cell string matrix 10, respectively. In other words, the back glass, back adhesive film, multiple cell string matrices 10, front adhesive film, and front glass in this photovoltaic module are sequentially stacked. The double-sided adhesive film bonding structure buffers the stress between the cell string matrix 10 and the front and back glass, reduces the risk of interlayer delamination caused by temperature changes, and improves the reliability of the photovoltaic module.

[0053] Obviously, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0054] Note that in the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Multiple battery strings (11) are arranged sequentially along a first direction, and each battery string (11) is formed by multiple battery cells arranged in series along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other. Multiple battery string matrices (10), each of the battery string matrices (10) is composed of multiple battery strings (11) arranged along a first direction, and the multiple battery strings (11) are connected in parallel through busbars (12); Busbar (12), the busbar (12) is disposed on one side of the battery string matrix (10) along the second direction; Multiple bypass components (20), one bypass component (20) is configured for each of the battery string matrices (10), and the bypass component (20) is disposed on one side of the battery string (11) along the first direction; one end of the bypass component (20) is connected to the bus bar (12), and the other end of the bypass component (20) is connected to the positive lead (13) or negative lead (14) of the photovoltaic module; the bypass component (20) is configured to bypass the battery string matrix (10) with the faulty battery cell when the battery cell fails.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass component (20) is disposed between two adjacent battery strings (11).

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple battery string matrices (10) are arranged in an array along the first direction and the second direction. Along the second direction, in two adjacent battery string matrices (10), two bypass components (20) are connected to the positive lead (13) or the negative lead (14).

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction, two adjacent battery string matrices (10) are connected in series via a busbar (12); along the second direction, two adjacent battery string matrices (10) are connected in parallel via a positive lead (13) or a negative lead (14).

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bypass component (20) is disposed on any side of the battery string matrix (10) along the first direction.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bypass component (20) includes a jumper (21) and a diode (22). One end of the jumper (21) is connected to the bus bar (12), and the other end of the jumper (21) is connected to the positive lead (13) or the negative lead (14) through the diode (22).

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positive terminal of the diode (22) is connected to the bus bar (12), and the negative terminal of the diode (22) is connected to the positive lead (13); Alternatively, the negative terminal of the diode (22) is connected to the busbar (12), and the positive terminal of the diode (22) is connected to the negative lead (14).

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a junction box (30) in the second direction, in two adjacent cell string matrices (10); Both diodes (22) and the positive lead (13) are disposed in the junction box (30), or both diodes (22) and the negative lead (14) are disposed in the junction box (30).

9. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The battery cell is an N-cell battery, where N≥2 and N is a positive integer.

10. The photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a front adhesive film, a front glass, a back adhesive film, and a back glass; the opposite sides of the front adhesive film are respectively bonded to one side of the front glass and the battery string matrix (10), and the opposite sides of the back adhesive film are respectively bonded to the other side of the back glass and the battery string matrix (10).

Images