A rockfill dam compaction quality detection device based on compressed air ejection

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rockfill dam compaction quality detection device based on compressed air ejection, including air compressor, support frame, pneumatic catapult and drop hammer, and air compressor provides high pressure air to pneumatic catapult through high pressure gas pipeline, makes drop hammer obtain greater ejection initial velocity, does not need too high device and too heavy drop hammer, can make drop hammer reach predetermined kinetic energy, has reduced the height and drop hammer's quality of device, has reduced the cost, the volume and weight of device, in addition device can dismantle, the carrying and shift of convenient device have been improved work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and in particular to a device for detecting the compaction quality of rockfill dams. Background Technology

[0002] In water conservancy and civil engineering, the compaction quality of rockfill dams is directly related to the stability, impermeability and seismic performance of the dam body. Traditional rockfill dam quality testing often uses static load tests or manual hammering methods, but these methods have disadvantages such as low efficiency, poor accuracy and weak adaptability.

[0003] Existing falling weight testing devices rely on gravity or mechanical springs for propulsion. To achieve the predetermined kinetic energy, either the installation height of the device or the mass of the falling weight is increased. Increasing the installation height requires additional lifting equipment, which also affects the safety and stability of the testing device. Increasing the mass of the falling weight also increases the mechanical strength of the testing device, both of which increase equipment costs. Furthermore, when testing compaction quality, the device needs to be moved to select testing points on the rockfill dam, and the heavy device makes installation and relocation labor-intensive and time-consuming. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model discloses a rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A device for detecting the compaction quality of rockfill dams based on compressed air ejection includes an air compressor, a support frame, a pneumatic ejector, and a drop hammer.

[0006] The air compressor is equipped with an outlet for outputting high-pressure air, a control valve for shutting off or opening the air supply line, and a pressure regulator for controlling the output air pressure to a set target pressure value.

[0007] The support frame consists of a top panel, columns, and a base from top to bottom. A through hole is provided in the center of the top panel. There are multiple columns, which are evenly distributed around the sides of the top panel and are fixedly connected to the top panel. The columns are inserted into the base.

[0008] A pneumatic catapult includes a catapult cylinder, an electromagnetic chuck, and a piston.

[0009] The ejection cylinder is installed through the top panel and is fixedly connected to the top panel. The upper end face of the ejection cylinder is provided with an air inlet, a manual vent valve, and a one-way safety valve.

[0010] The piston assembly is an integral structure consisting of a piston and a piston rod. The piston is slidably connected to the inner wall of the ejection cylinder, and the movable end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic chuck.

[0011] The drop hammer is made of magnetizable metal, and the electromagnetic chuck is magnetically connected to or separated from the drop hammer.

[0012] The outlet is connected to the inlet via a high-pressure gas pipeline to supply high-pressure air to the ejection cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the air compressor is equipped with small wheels for movement, the air compressor weighs 20-50Kg, and the control valve is a normally closed control valve.

[0014] The air compressor is equipped with small wheels and is lightweight, making it easy to move and carry.

[0015] Furthermore, a linear motion bearing is fixedly connected to the open end of the ejection cylinder, and the linear motion bearing is slidably connected to the piston rod.

[0016] The electromagnetic chuck has a battery and an electromagnetic coil inside its inner chamber. A manual switch is located on the outer wall of the electromagnetic chuck, and a touch switch is located on the lower edge of the piston. When the touch switch contacts the linear motion bearing, the touch switch is disconnected. The piston rod has an axial blind hole with a spiral wire inside. The manual switch and the touch switch are connected in series between the battery and the electromagnetic coil via the wire.

[0017] The blind hole has a spiral wire, which avoids the defects of exposed wires getting tangled and damaged by impact.

[0018] Furthermore, the height of the support frame is 1.5-1.8m.

[0019] The column is equipped with two sets of photoelectric sensors along its height to collect the trajectory information of the falling hammer. The photoelectric sensors are located at the position of the falling hammer's trajectory and are electrically connected to an external computer.

[0020] Each set of photoelectric sensors is positioned at the same horizontal height relative to each other, with a predetermined distance between the two sets of photoelectric sensors.

[0021] The support frame is designed to be the height of the operator, allowing the operator to easily reach the equipment and eliminating the need for lifting devices.

[0022] Furthermore, the base is a high-protected ring structure made of concrete or cast iron.

[0023] This structure and material prevent injury from falling hammers and increase the stability of the device.

[0024] Furthermore, the drop hammer is an integrated structure with a cylindrical upper part and a hemispherical lower part, made of magnetizable metal, and has a mass range of 5-10 kg.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Because it uses compressed air for launching, the drop hammer achieves a large initial launch velocity. It does not require a tall device or a heavy drop hammer to reach the predetermined kinetic energy, which reduces the height of the device and the mass of the drop hammer, thus reducing the cost, size and weight of the device. In addition, the device is detachable, which facilitates carrying and transferring the device and improves work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an air compressor;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic catapult;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view;

[0031] Figure 5 Assembly structure diagram of pneumatic catapult, support frame and base;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a piston component;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a circuit block diagram of an electromagnetic chuck.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of this utility model.

[0035] In the diagram, 100: air compressor, 101: air outlet, 102: control valve, 103: pressure regulator, 104: high-pressure gas pipeline, 200: support frame, 201: top panel, 202: column, 203: photoelectric sensor, 204: base, 300: pneumatic catapult, 301: catapult cylinder, 302: air inlet, 303: manual vent valve and one-way safety valve, 304: linear motion bearing, 311: electromagnetic chuck, 312: touch switch, 313: wire, 320: piston, 321: piston, 322: piston rod, 400: drop hammer. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0037] Please see Figure 1-8A rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection includes an air compressor 100, a support frame 200, a pneumatic ejector 300, and a drop hammer 400. Example

[0038] Please see Figure 1 The air compressor 100 is a commercially available product, weighing between 20-50 kg, and equipped with small wheels for easy movement. The air compressor 100 has an air outlet 101, a control valve 102, and a pressure regulator 103. High-pressure air from the air compressor 100 is discharged through the air outlet 101. The control valve 102 has two states: closed and open. In the closed state, high-pressure air cannot flow out; in the open state, high-pressure air is discharged through the control valve 102 and from the air outlet 101. In this embodiment, the control valve 102 is a normally closed, downward-pressurized control valve, normally closed, and opens when the button is pressed. The pressure regulator 103 controls the output air pressure to the set target pressure value. In this embodiment, the pressure regulator 103 is a rotary pressure regulator, and the high-pressure air adjustment pressure range is 1.2-5 MPa.

[0039] Please see Figure 2 , 5 The support frame 200 consists of a top panel 201, columns 202, and a base 204, arranged from top to bottom. A through hole is located at the center of the top panel 201. Multiple columns 202 are present; in this embodiment, four columns 202 are used. The top panel 201 and the upper ends of the columns 202 are fixedly connected. The columns 202 are evenly distributed around the top panel 201. To increase the strength of the support frame 200, one or two ring clamps are added between the multiple support frames 200. The base 204 is a high-protection ring structure with multiple slots that fit the columns 202. The columns 202 are inserted into the slots on the base 204. When the support frame 200 is moved, the columns 202 are pulled out of the slots. To increase the stability of the device, the base 204 is made of high-density concrete or cast iron. The high-protection ring structure of the base 204 prevents high-speed falling hammers 400 from flying out of the base 204 and injuring people.

[0040] In this embodiment, the support frame is 1.5-1.8m high. After the drop hammer 400 is installed, the bottom of the drop hammer 400 is 1-1.3m from the ground. This height range is suitable for adult height, and the operator can easily reach it to perform related operations, eliminating the need for lifting equipment.

[0041] Please see Figure 2 , 58. A through-beam photoelectric sensor 203 is provided in the height direction of the column 202. There are two sets of through-beam photoelectric sensors 203, one pair in each set, which are set at the position of the falling trajectory of the hammer 400 to collect the trajectory information of the falling hammer. The through-beam photoelectric sensor 203 is wirelessly or wiredly connected to an external computer to transmit information to the external computer.

[0042] The through-beam photoelectric sensor 203 is fixedly connected to the column 202. Each group of through-beam photoelectric sensors 203 has a pair of photoelectric sensors, one of which is a transmitting photoelectric sensor and the other is a receiving photoelectric sensor. The pair of photoelectric sensors in the same group are set at the same horizontal height and opposite each other. The two groups of through-beam photoelectric sensors 203 are separated by a predetermined distance. In this embodiment, the predetermined distance is 100cm.

[0043] The impact velocity of the falling hammer 400 is calculated by the time difference Δt between the two sets of photoelectric sensors 203 being blocked by the falling hammer 400 and the distance s between the two sets of photoelectric sensors 203. The impact velocity of the falling hammer 400 is equal to the ratio of s to Δt.

[0044] Please see Figure 3-8 The pneumatic catapult 300 includes a catapult cylinder 301, an electromagnetic chuck 311, and a piston 320. The ejection cylinder 301 is installed in the through hole of the top panel 201 and is fixedly connected to the top panel 201. A part of the ejection cylinder 301 extends out of the top panel 201. Its upper end face is provided with an air inlet 302, a manual air release valve, and a one-way safety valve 303. The air inlet 302 is connected to the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301. During assembly, a high-pressure gas pipeline 104 is tightly connected between the air inlet 302 and the air outlet 101 of the air compressor. The manual air release valve and the one-way safety valve 303 are composite valves. When their turntable is rotated, the air in the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301 can be released. When the air pressure in the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301 is higher than the set pressure, the air in the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301 is released to the outside. When the air pressure in the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301 is equal to or lower than the set pressure, the release stops.

[0045] The ejection cylinder 301 has a piston component 320 inside its cavity. The piston component 320 is an integral structure composed of a piston 321 and a piston rod 322. The diameter of the piston 321 is larger than the diameter of the piston rod 322. The piston 321 is in close contact with and slidably connected to the inner wall of the ejection cylinder 301. A linear motion bearing 304 is fixedly connected to the open end of the ejection cylinder 301. The linear motion bearing 304 radially positions the piston rod 322 while allowing the piston rod 322 to slide smoothly.

[0046] The movable end of the piston rod 322 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic chuck 311. The outer shell of the electromagnetic chuck 311 is made of a magnetizable metal, such as iron, cobalt, or nickel. The inner cavity of the electromagnetic chuck 311 contains a battery and an electromagnetic coil. A manual switch is provided on the outer wall of the electromagnetic chuck 311. A touch switch 312 is provided on the lower edge of the piston 321. The touch switch 312 is a normally closed switch. When the piston 320 slides in the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301, the lower edge of the piston 321 contacts the linear motion bearing 304. When the touch switch 312 is touched, it turns to the open state. An axial blind hole is provided on the piston rod 322. A wire 313 is provided in the blind hole. The wire 313 is spiral. The spiral wire can absorb vibration energy and improve the stability of the circuit. At the same time, the wire 313 is placed in the blind hole to avoid the defects of exposed wires being tangled or damaged by collisions. Figure 3 , 4 The manual switch, battery, and solenoid coil in item 8 are not shown.

[0047] Please see Figure 7 The manual switch and the touch switch 312 are connected in series. The battery supplies power to the electromagnetic coil through the manual switch, the touch switch 312 and the wire 313. When both the manual switch and the touch switch 312 are closed, the electromagnetic coil is energized and generates a magnetic field, and the electromagnetic chuck 311 generates a magnetic attraction. When either the manual switch or the touch switch 312 is open, the electromagnetic coil is de-energized, that is, the electromagnetic chuck 311 loses its magnetic attraction.

[0048] The Drop Hammer 400 is a one-piece structure with a cylindrical upper part and a hemispherical lower part. It is made of magnetizable metal. Its weight ranges from 5-10 kg, a weight range that is manageable by hand without the need for mechanical equipment.

[0049] This utility model can be assembled during use and disassembled for transfer. It is lightweight, small in size, and easy to carry and transfer.

[0050] The steps for using it are as follows:

[0051] S1: Assembly

[0052] S1-1: Bring the components of each part to the designated testing site on the rockfill dam, and place the base 204 on the ground of the rockfill dam with its center coinciding with the designated testing point;

[0053] S1-2: The support column 203 is inserted into the slot of the base 204;

[0054] S1-3: Manually open the manual vent valve and one-way safety valve 303, manually push the piston 320 upwards until the highest position, vent the air in the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301, and manually close the manual vent valve and one-way safety valve 303. Since the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301 is under negative pressure relative to the outside of the ejection cylinder 301, the piston 320 will not slide down.

[0055] S1-4: A high-pressure gas pipeline 104 is tightly connected between the air inlet 302 of the ejection cylinder 301 and the air outlet 101 of the air compressor.

[0056] S1-5: Align the cylinder of the drop hammer 400 with the lower end face of the electromagnetic chuck 311, turn on the manual switch on the outer wall of the electromagnetic chuck 311, the electromagnetic chuck 311 is energized and generates magnetic attraction, so that the electromagnetic chuck 311 and the drop hammer 400 are magnetically connected.

[0057] S2: Detection

[0058] S2-1: Adjust the pressure regulator 103 on the air compressor according to the preset high-pressure air pressure value;

[0059] S2-2: Press down the control valve 102 button to open the control valve 102 and fill the inner cavity of the ejection cylinder 301 with high-pressure air;

[0060] S2-3: Under the action of high-pressure air, the piston 320 is ejected towards the ground of the rockfill dam. When the lower edge of the piston 321 contacts the linear motion bearing 304, the touch switch 312 is touched, the electromagnetic chuck 311 is de-energized, the electromagnetic chuck 311 releases the magnetic attraction of the drop hammer 400, and the drop hammer 400 is separated from the electromagnetic chuck 311 and impacts the detection point of the rockfill dam.

[0061] S3: Obtain data for analysis

[0062] The impact pit depth of the above-mentioned rockfill dam test points was measured, and the data was input into an external computer. Combined with the impact velocity of the 400 mm drop hammer, the compaction degree of the rockfill dam test points was calculated and analyzed.

[0063] S4: Transfer

[0064] Disassemble the device and repeat steps S1-3 at the next detection point to continue the detection.

[0065] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of this utility model, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model. The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the compaction quality of rockfill dams based on compressed air ejection, characterized in that, Includes an air compressor (100), a support frame (200), a pneumatic catapult (300), and a drop hammer (400). The air compressor (100) is provided with an air outlet (101) for outputting high-pressure air, a control valve (102) for shutting off or opening the air supply line, and a pressure regulator (103) for controlling the output air pressure to a set target pressure value. The support frame (200) consists of a top panel (201), columns (202) and a base (204) from top to bottom. A through hole is provided in the center of the top panel (201). There are multiple columns (202), which are evenly distributed around the side of the top panel (201) and fixedly connected to the top panel (201). The columns (202) are inserted into the base (204). The pneumatic catapult (300) includes a catapult cylinder (301), an electromagnetic chuck (311), and a piston (320). The ejection cylinder (301) is installed through the top panel (201) and is fixedly connected to the top panel (201). The upper end face of the ejection cylinder (301) is provided with an air inlet (302), a manual vent valve, and a one-way safety valve (303). The piston component (320) is an integral structure composed of a piston (321) and a piston rod (322). The piston (321) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the ejection cylinder (301), and the movable end of the piston rod (322) is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic chuck (311). The drop hammer (400) is made of magnetizable metal, and the electromagnetic chuck (311) is magnetically connected to or separated from the drop hammer (400). The outlet (101) is connected to the inlet (302) through a high-pressure gas pipeline (104) to supply high-pressure air to the ejection cylinder (301).

2. The rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air compressor (100) is equipped with small wheels for movement. The air compressor (100) weighs 20-50Kg. The control valve (102) is a normally closed control valve.

3. The rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection according to claim 2, characterized in that, A linear motion bearing (304) is fixedly connected to the open end of the ejection cylinder (301), and the linear motion bearing (304) is slidably connected to the piston rod (322); The inner chamber of the electromagnetic chuck (311) is equipped with a battery and an electromagnetic coil. A manual switch is provided on the outer wall of the electromagnetic chuck (311). A touch switch (312) is provided on the lower edge of the piston (321). When the touch switch (312) touches the linear motion bearing (304), the touch switch (312) is disconnected. The piston rod (322) is provided with an axial blind hole. A spiral wire (313) is provided in the blind hole. The manual switch and the touch switch (312) are connected in series between the battery and the electromagnetic coil through the wire (313).

4. The rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The support frame (200) has a height of 1.5-1.8m; The column (202) is equipped with a photoelectric sensor (203) in the height direction for collecting trajectory information of the falling hammer (400). There are two sets of photoelectric sensors (203), which are located at the movement trajectory position of the falling hammer (400). The photoelectric sensors (203) are electrically connected to an external computer. Each set of through-beam photoelectric sensors (203) is set at the same horizontal height relative to each other, and the two sets of through-beam photoelectric sensors (203) are separated by a predetermined distance.

5. The rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The base (204) is a ring structure with a high protective enclosure, and its material is concrete or cast iron.

6. The rockfill dam compaction quality testing device based on compressed air ejection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drop hammer (400) is an integral structure with a cylindrical upper part and a hemispherical lower part. It is made of magnetizable metal and has a mass range of 5-10 kg.

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