Battery module, battery pack and battery cluster and energy storage cabinet

Abstract

This application discloses a battery module, battery pack, battery cluster, and energy storage cabinet. The energy storage cabinet contains at least one battery cluster, which includes at least two battery packs. Each battery pack includes a casing, a liquid cooling plate, and at least two battery modules. Each battery module includes a CCS module, a cover plate, and several cells arranged in at least one row. The cover plate and cells are located on opposite sides of the CCS module. The cover plate has a pressure relief hole corresponding to the explosion-proof valve of each cell. A protective baffle is provided on the cover plate, located at the pressure relief hole. A gap exists between the outline of the protective baffle and the outline of the pressure relief hole. The protective baffle and the pressure relief hole are connected by at least two adhesive portions, which can break under stress. If a cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-pressure gas released from the cell's explosion-proof valve impacts the protective baffle, causing the adhesive portions to break. The protective baffle detaches from the pressure relief hole, releasing the high-pressure gas and ensuring the safety of the cell. This application can be widely applied in the field of energy storage technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a battery module, battery pack, battery cluster, and energy storage cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, energy storage systems on the market are mainly shifting from air-cooled to liquid-cooled systems, with industrial and commercial applications and large containerized energy storage systems primarily using liquid-cooled battery packs. A battery pack typically consists of two 1P26S dual-module units or four 1P13S single-module units, forming a 52S1P battery pack. The 1P26S dual-module units or 1P13S dual-module units are generally connected in series by welding aluminum plates on the CCS module.

[0003] The gas ejected from the cell thermal runaway explosion-proof valve is a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which may reach temperatures above 300°C. The cover plate of the battery module is easily damaged under this high-temperature and high-pressure environment. The gas and electrolyte ejected from the cell thermal runaway may melt the cover plate, affecting the entire module. At the same time, it does not protect the internal sampling harness and terminals. The high-temperature gas and electrolyte may also cause the outer sheath of the harness to melt, resulting in a short circuit. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a battery module, a battery pack, a battery cluster, and an energy storage cabinet, and the technical solution adopted is as follows.

[0005] The battery module provided in this application includes a CCS assembly, a cover plate, and a plurality of battery cells arranged in at least one row. The battery cells are connected to the CCS assembly. The cover plate is connected to the CCS assembly, and the cover plate and the battery cells are respectively located on both sides of the CCS assembly. The cover plate is provided with pressure relief holes in the same number as the battery cells, and the pressure relief holes correspond to the positions of the explosion-proof valves of the battery cells. The cover plate is provided with protective baffles in the same number as the pressure relief holes. The protective baffles are located at the pressure relief holes, and there is a gap between the outline edge of the protective baffle and the outline edge of the pressure relief hole. The protective baffles and the pressure relief holes are connected by at least two adhesive parts, and the adhesive parts can break under force.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the pressure relief hole is formed on the cover plate by at least two slots, the slots forming a gap between the protective baffle and the pressure relief hole, and adjacent slots are separated by the adhesive portion.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the slot extends along a circular track or a circular, regular polygonal, rectangular, or elliptical trajectory.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the gap width between the protective baffle and the pressure relief hole is A, which satisfies 0.8mm≤A≤1mm.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, along the extension trajectory of the gap between the protective baffle and the pressure relief hole, the width of the adhesive portion is B, satisfying 1.2mm≤B≤1.5mm.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the longitudinal width of the pressure relief hole on the cover plate is C, where C ≥ the longitudinal width of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell; the transverse width of the pressure relief hole on the cover plate is D, where D ≥ the transverse width of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the cover plate is a mica plate.

[0012] The battery pack provided in this application includes a casing, a liquid cooling plate, and at least two battery modules. The liquid cooling plate is disposed at the bottom of the casing, and the battery modules are disposed on the liquid cooling plate. Each battery module is respectively equipped with a cover plate; or, each battery module shares a cover plate, and the number of pressure relief holes and protective baffles on the cover plate is the sum of the number of battery cells in the battery pack.

[0013] The battery cluster provided in this application includes at least two battery packs.

[0014] The energy storage cabinet provided in this application is equipped with at least one battery cluster.

[0015] This application has at least the following beneficial effects: A cover plate is provided on the side of the battery module's CCS assembly. The cover plate has a pressure relief hole corresponding to the explosion-proof valve on the battery cell. A protective baffle is installed in the pressure relief hole through a fractured adhesive portion. This protective baffle covers the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell, providing protection. If the battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-pressure gas released from the explosion-proof valve impacts the protective baffle, causing the adhesive portion to break. The protective baffle detaches from the pressure relief hole, releasing the high-pressure gas and ensuring the safety of the battery cell. This application can be widely applied in the field of energy storage technology.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present application will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments illustrated in the following drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the battery module, with the X-axis representing the first direction.

[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the battery module.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the cover plate.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1000, cover plate; 1100, protective baffle; 1200, adhesive part; 1300, mounting hole; 2000, CCS assembly; 3000, battery cell; 3101, end plate; 3102, cable tie. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 The embodiments of this application are described in detail below, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "middle", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0024] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0025] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] In the description of this application, the use of terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "some instances," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," and "some examples" indicates that the specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0027] This application relates to an energy storage cabinet, in which at least one battery cluster is disposed.

[0028] This application relates to a battery cluster comprising at least two battery packs.

[0029] This application relates to a battery pack, which includes at least two battery modules.

[0030] Furthermore, the battery pack includes a housing and a liquid cooling plate, with the battery module mounted on the liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate is located at the bottom of the housing and is connected to the side wall of the housing.

[0031] Other components and operations of energy storage cabinets, battery clusters and battery packs are already described in the relevant art for those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here. The structure of the battery module will be introduced below.

[0032] This application relates to a battery module, which includes a cover plate 1000, a CCS module 2000, and a plurality of battery cells 3000. The battery cells 3000 are arranged in at least one row and are connected to the CCS module 2000. The cover plate 1000 is also connected to the CCS module 2000. Specifically, the cover plate 1000 and the battery cells 3000 are located on opposite sides of the CCS module 2000.

[0033] It should be noted that the CCS (Cells Contact System) component, as the battery cover assembly in the battery module, is an integrated module within the battery module.

[0034] The cover plate 1000 is provided with pressure relief holes, the number of which is the same as that of the battery cell 3000. The pressure relief holes correspond to the positions of the explosion-proof valves of the battery cell 3000. The CCS component 2000 is provided with clearance through holes, the positions of which correspond to those of the pressure relief holes.

[0035] In the event of thermal runaway of cell 3000, the high-pressure gas released by the explosion-proof valve of cell 3000 can escape through the pressure relief hole of cover plate 1000, preventing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and electrolyte generated by thermal runaway of cell 3000 from blocking the battery module and preventing the high-temperature and high-pressure gas and electrolyte from damaging the cell.

[0036] Furthermore, the cover plate 1000 is provided with a protective baffle 1100, the number of which is the same as the number of pressure relief holes, and the protective baffle 1100 is located at the pressure relief hole. It can be understood that the protective baffle 1100 is used to seal the pressure relief hole, preventing the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 3000 from being exposed in the pressure relief hole of the cover plate 1000, and preventing personnel from accidentally touching the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 3000 or metal objects from falling into the pressure relief hole and affecting the operation of the explosion-proof valve.

[0037] There is a gap between the outline edge of the protective baffle 1100 and the outline edge of the pressure relief hole. The protective baffle 1100 and the pressure relief hole are connected by at least two adhesive parts 1200 so that the protective baffle 1100 is connected to the cover plate 1000 to prevent the protective baffle 1100 from falling off the pressure relief hole.

[0038] It should be noted that the adhesive portion 1200 can break under stress, so that the protective baffle 1100 forms a separable structure on the cover plate 1000. Specifically, in the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 3000, the high-pressure airflow impacts the protective baffle 1100, the protective baffle 1100 is subjected to an outward force and the adhesive portion 1200 is pulled, causing the adhesive portion 1200 to break. As a result, the protective baffle 1100 detaches from the pressure relief hole, and the high-pressure airflow escapes from the pressure relief hole to release gas and pressure, ensuring the safety of the battery module.

[0039] It is understandable that when processing the pressure relief hole on the cover plate 1000, at least two structural parts are left uncut along the cutting trajectory, and at least two adhesive parts 1200 are reserved at the cut edge of the pressure relief hole, so that the protective baffle 1100 that has not fallen off is retained at the pressure relief hole.

[0040] In some embodiments, a groove is cut into the cover plate 1000 along a predetermined contour of the pressure relief hole. The pressure relief hole is formed on the cover plate 1000 by at least two sections of grooves, which form a gap between the protective baffle 1100 and the pressure relief hole. It is understood that the grooves are discontinuous, and an adhesive portion 1200 is formed between two adjacent grooves. In this case, adjacent grooves are separated by the adhesive portion 1200.

[0041] Specifically, the shape of the pressure relief hole is adapted to the shape of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 3000, and the shape of the pressure relief hole is larger than that of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 3000.

[0042] In some examples, to adapt to the explosion-proof valve shape of the battery cell 3000, the slot extends along the trajectory of a circular track, thereby forming a pressure relief hole shape with two arc-shaped contour edges and two straight contour edges. Further, two adhesive portions 1200 are provided, and the two adhesive portions 1200 are symmetrically distributed at the contour edges of the pressure relief hole. Specifically, the two adhesive portions 1200 are located at the two straight contour edges of the pressure relief hole, or the two adhesive portions 1200 are located at the two arc-shaped contour edges of the pressure relief hole.

[0043] Considering that there are many different types of explosion-proof valves for battery cell 3000 in related technologies, the extension trajectory of the slot can at least be implemented in the following alternative ways: the slot extends along a circular, regular polygonal, rectangular, or elliptical trajectory so that the pressure relief hole is adapted to the shape of the explosion-proof valve of battery cell 3000.

[0044] It is understood that the adhesive portion 1200 can also be alternatively configured as at least three. Specifically, the adhesive portions 1200 are arranged at equal intervals along the contour edge of the pressure relief hole.

[0045] In some embodiments, the gap width between the protective baffle 1100 and the pressure relief hole is A, that is, the width of the slot is A, which satisfies 0.8mm≤A≤1mm.

[0046] It should be noted that if A is too small, the cutting process for the pressure relief hole on the cover plate 1000 will be difficult and costly. If A is too large, the area of ​​the protective baffle 1100 will be reduced, making it difficult to achieve the purpose of preventing personnel from accidentally touching the explosion-proof valve and preventing objects from falling into the pressure relief hole.

[0047] In some embodiments, along the extension trajectory of the gap between the protective baffle 1100 and the pressure relief hole, the width of the adhesive portion 1200 is B, which satisfies 1.2mm≤B≤1.5mm.

[0048] It should be noted that if B is too small, the adhesive part 1200 is prone to breakage, making it difficult to ensure that the protective baffle 1100 is connected to the side wall of the pressure relief hole, thus failing to provide insulation and protection. If B is too large, the adhesive part 1200 is difficult to break, and under the impact of high-pressure gas, the adhesive part 1200 may be difficult to break, resulting in the inability to release gas and pressure, which in turn affects the battery cell 3000 and wiring harness inside the battery module.

[0049] In some implementations, the pressure relief hole has a longitudinal width of C on the cover plate 1000, where C is greater than or equal to the longitudinal width of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 3000, to ensure that airflow and pressure can be released from the pressure relief hole.

[0050] In some implementations, the pressure relief hole has a lateral width of D on the cover plate 1000, where D is greater than or equal to the lateral width of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 3000, to ensure that airflow and pressure can be released from the pressure relief hole.

[0051] It should be noted that longitudinal direction refers to the direction in which the surface of the cover plate 1000 is parallel to the first direction, and transverse direction refers to the direction in which the surface of the cover plate 1000 is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0052] In some embodiments, the cover plate 1000 is made of a high-temperature resistant insulating material. In related technologies, PC insulating sheets are used as the cover plate for the battery module; however, PC insulating sheets are not heat-resistant, and the high-temperature, high-pressure gases and electrolytes ejected during cell runaway may melt the PC insulating sheet. Therefore, the cover plate 1000 in this application is made of mica, a lightweight and heat-resistant material. In this case, the cover plate 1000 can withstand temperatures of at least 800°C, effectively avoiding the problem of high-temperature melting, and also preventing the high-temperature gases and electrolytes from affecting the internal wiring harnesses and terminals of the battery module.

[0053] Furthermore, while ensuring lightweight design and saving material costs, the thickness of the cover plate 1000 is at least 0.8 mm.

[0054] In some embodiments, the cover plate 1000 is provided with mounting holes 1300, and a connector passes through the mounting holes 1300 and is locked and fixed to the CCS assembly 2000, thereby fixing the cover plate 1000 to the CCS assembly 2000. Further, the connector is provided as a rivet or screw. The connector is made of plastic material, which is lightweight and insulating.

[0055] A boss is provided on the side of the CCS component 2000 where the cover plate 1000 is located, and the connector is fixedly locked to the boss. Specifically, the boss is provided with threaded holes, and the side of the CCS component 2000 supports the cover plate 1000 with the boss.

[0056] It should be noted that the dimensions of the cover plate 1000 are designed to be compatible with the length and width of the battery module and the number of battery cells 3000, and the pressure relief holes on the cover plate 1000 are arranged in the same way as the battery cells 3000. In some examples, the battery cells 3000 are arranged in a row along the first direction, and the pressure relief holes on the cover plate 1000 are arranged in a row at intervals along the first direction. In other alternative examples, the battery cells 3000 are distributed in an array, with each battery cell 3000 arranged in at least two rows along the first direction, and the pressure relief holes on the cover plate 1000 are also distributed in an array, with the pressure relief holes arranged in at least two rows along the first direction.

[0057] In some embodiments, the battery module includes an end plate 3101 and a fixing member. The end plates 3101 are respectively provided at both ends of the battery module. The fixing member binds and fixes the battery cell 3000 around the side of the battery module and makes the end plate 3101 fit against the surface of the battery cell 3000 at both ends, thereby fixing the battery cell 3000 in the battery module.

[0058] Furthermore, the fastener is a cable tie 3102. The cable tie 3102 is made of metal.

[0059] Based on the above description of the battery module, the following is a supplementary introduction to the structure of the battery pack.

[0060] In some embodiments, each battery module is equipped with a cover plate 1000, and each battery module has an independent cover plate 1000.

[0061] Regarding the cover plate 1000 of the battery module, at least one alternative design is possible: each battery module shares one cover plate 1000, and the pressure relief holes on the cover plate 1000 are distributed in an array. In this case, the number of pressure relief holes and protective baffles 1100 on the cover plate 1000 is the sum of the number of battery cells 3000 in the battery pack.

[0062] In some implementations, a gap is left between the top plate of the battery pack cover and the cover plate 1000 of the battery module. When a single cell 3000 in the battery module experiences thermal runaway, the explosion-proof valve of the cell 3000 releases high-pressure gas. Due to the obstruction of the cover, the high-pressure gas escapes along the gap between the top plate and the cover plate 1000 within the battery pack until the gas pressure is released through the explosion-proof valve of the battery pack, thereby ensuring the safety of the battery pack.

[0063] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this application. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: include CCS components; A plurality of battery cells arranged in at least one column, the battery cells being connected to the CCS assembly; A cover plate is connected to the CCS assembly. The cover plate and the battery cell are located on opposite sides of the CCS assembly. The cover plate has pressure relief holes in the same number as the battery cells, and the pressure relief holes correspond to the positions of the explosion-proof valves of the battery cells. The cover plate is provided with protective baffles in the same number as the pressure relief holes. The protective baffles are located at the pressure relief holes, and there is a gap between the outline edge of the protective baffle and the outline edge of the pressure relief hole. The protective baffles and the pressure relief holes are connected by at least two adhesive parts, and the adhesive parts can break under force.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief hole is formed by at least two slots on the cover plate, the slots forming a gap between the protective baffle and the pressure relief hole, and adjacent slots are separated by the adhesive portion.

3. The battery module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slot extends along a circular track or a circular, regular polygonal, rectangular, or elliptical trajectory.

4. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The gap width between the protective baffle and the pressure relief hole is A, which satisfies 0.8mm≤A≤1mm.

5. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Along the extension trajectory of the gap between the protective baffle and the pressure relief hole, the width of the adhesive portion is B, which satisfies 1.2mm≤B≤1.5mm.

6. The battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The pressure relief hole has a longitudinal width of C on the cover plate, where C ≥ the longitudinal width of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell; the pressure relief hole has a transverse width of D on the cover plate, where D ≥ the transverse width of the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell.

7. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate is made of mica.

8. A battery pack, characterized in that: include Enclosure; A liquid cooling plate is disposed at the bottom of the casing. At least two battery modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the battery modules are disposed on the liquid cooling plate; Each of the battery modules is equipped with a cover plate; or, each of the battery modules shares a cover plate, and the number of pressure relief holes and protective baffles on the cover plate is the sum of the number of battery cells in the battery pack.

9. A battery cluster, characterized in that: It includes at least two battery packs as described in claim 8.

10. An energy storage cabinet, characterized in that: The energy storage cabinet is provided with at least one battery cluster as described in claim 9.

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