Battery device and electric appliance

Abstract

The application relates to a battery device and an electric device. The battery device comprises a battery cell, a first plate and a thermal runaway protection piece. The battery cell comprises a pressure relief mechanism, the first plate is arranged on one side of the battery cell along a first direction, a pressure relief hole is arranged through the first plate, the pressure relief hole is arranged towards the pressure relief mechanism and is located on a release path of the battery cell. The thermal runaway protection piece is at least partially arranged in the pressure relief hole, wherein a plurality of energy absorption holes are arranged on the thermal runaway protection piece, and the energy absorption holes are respectively connected with the pressure relief hole and the external environment. The probability of the situation that the discharge continues to damage other objects outside the battery device due to the too large impact speed, and further causes other losses can be reduced, the spread of the thermal runaway can be effectively alleviated, the safety of the battery device is improved, and the safety hazard of the battery device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to battery devices and electrical equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Batteries are the power source for new energy vehicles and are widely used in this field. Under conditions such as short circuits and overcharging, batteries can undergo side reactions, generating a certain amount of high-temperature gas. When this high-temperature gas increases to a certain level, it can lead to thermal runaway. Therefore, reducing battery safety hazards has become one of the key research areas for the future. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a battery device and electrical equipment to address the above technical problems, so as to improve the safety of the battery device and reduce its safety hazards.

[0004] According to a first aspect of this application, a battery device is provided, including a battery cell, a first plate, and a thermal runaway protection component. The battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism. The first plate is disposed on one side of the battery cell along a first direction, and a pressure relief hole is provided through the first plate, facing the pressure relief mechanism and located in the release path of the battery cell's emissions. The thermal runaway protection component is at least partially disposed within the pressure relief hole, wherein the thermal runaway protection component has multiple energy-absorbing holes, which are respectively connected to the external environment via the pressure relief hole.

[0005] In the technical solution of this application, during the thermal runaway of a battery cell, the emissions generated by the thermal runaway can be released through its pressure relief mechanism. Since a pressure relief hole is provided through the first plate facing the pressure relief mechanism, and the thermal runaway protection component is at least partially disposed in the pressure relief hole, the emissions generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell can flow to the pressure relief hole and through multiple energy-absorbing holes on the thermal runaway protection component. During this process, the thermal runaway protection component with multiple energy-absorbing holes can absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby slowing down the impact speed of the emissions. This reduces the probability of the emissions continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device due to excessive impact speed, thus causing other losses. This effectively mitigates the spread of thermal runaway, improves the safety of the battery device, and reduces the safety hazards of the battery device.

[0006] In one embodiment, the energy-absorbing holes are disposed through the thermal runaway protection component along a first direction. Thus, while the thermal runaway protection component with multiple energy-absorbing holes absorbs the impact energy of the emissions, the emissions can be effectively depressurized through the pressure relief holes, reducing the safety hazards during thermal runaway of individual battery cells.

[0007] In one embodiment, the energy-absorbing aperture has a first port and a second port arranged opposite to each other along a first direction, and the end areas of the first port and the second port are not equal. If energy absorption is the primary consideration, the end area of ​​the first port can be smaller than that of the second port (in this case, the energy-absorbing aperture is constructed with a smaller top and a larger bottom). This smaller end area of ​​the first port helps to prolong the residence time of the emitted material within the energy-absorbing aperture, thereby facilitating sufficient contact between the emitted material and the thermal runaway protection device. This allows for better absorption of the impact energy of the emitted material by the thermal runaway protection device, further improving the safety of the battery device and reducing potential safety hazards. If heat dissipation is the primary consideration, the end area of ​​the first port can be larger than that of the second port (in this case, the energy-absorbing aperture is constructed with a larger top and a smaller bottom). This larger end area of ​​the first port allows the emitted material to more easily enter multiple energy-absorbing apertures, facilitating the dissipation of heat from the battery cell to the outside of the battery device.

[0008] In one embodiment, the energy-absorbing holes extend non-linearly along the first direction. This prolongs the residence time of the emissions within the energy-absorbing holes, thereby facilitating full contact between the emissions and the thermal runaway protection device. This allows for better absorption of the impact energy of the emissions by the thermal runaway protection device, ultimately improving the safety of the battery device and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0009] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection device is constructed as a porous structure, defining multiple energy-absorbing holes. This allows the pressure generated by the emissions to be released using the multiple energy-absorbing holes in the porous structure, while also ensuring sufficient contact between the emissions and the thermal runaway protection device. This allows for better absorption of the emissions' impact energy by the thermal runaway protection device, thereby improving the safety of the battery device and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0010] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component is made of a thermally conductive material. As the exhaust gas passes through multiple energy-absorbing holes, the thermal runaway protection component absorbs the impact energy of the exhaust gas. Simultaneously, the exhaust gas comes into contact with the walls of the energy-absorbing holes, allowing the thermally conductive protection component to absorb heat from the exhaust gas. This significantly reduces the impact velocity and temperature of the exhaust gas exiting the battery device, thereby improving the safety of the battery device and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0011] In one embodiment, the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component is greater than or equal to 1500°C. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the thermal conductivity of the thermal runaway protection component and its deceleration effect on the thermal runaway shock wave can be effectively utilized to reduce the impact velocity and temperature of the emissions, thereby effectively improving the thermal runaway resistance of the battery device.

[0012] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component has a melting point of less than 1000°C. Because of its low melting point, the thermal runaway protection component can absorb the impact energy of the emissions as they pass through multiple energy-absorbing holes. Furthermore, the low melting point allows the component to rapidly melt or even sublimate under high-temperature thermal shock waves, thereby quickly absorbing the heat of the shock wave and reducing the impact velocity. This effectively improves the thermal runaway resistance of the battery device.

[0013] In one embodiment, the pressure relief hole has a first section and a second section that are interconnected on opposite sides along a first direction. Along the first direction, the first section is closer to the battery cell and is oriented towards the pressure relief mechanism than the second section. A thermal runaway protection component is at least partially located within the second section. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature thermal shock wave generated by the emissions can be released through the first section, preventing it from easily reaching adjacent battery cells. The thermal runaway protection component within the second section can absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby slowing down the impact velocity. This reduces the probability of the emissions continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device due to excessive impact velocity, causing further losses. It also reduces the likelihood of thermal runaway spreading to adjacent battery cells, effectively mitigating the spread of thermal runaway, improving the safety of the battery device, and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0014] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component is snapped onto the sidewall of the second bore section. This improves the connection reliability between the thermal runaway protection component and the sidewall of the second bore section, thereby better utilizing the thermal runaway protection component to absorb the impact energy of the emissions, and ultimately improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0015] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is disposed within a second aperture segment along a first direction, and the second portion is connected to the first portion on the side near the battery cell and abuts against the aperture wall of the second aperture segment on the side near the first aperture segment along the first direction. Thus, the second portion can restrict the movement of the thermal runaway protection component away from the battery cell along the first direction, thereby improving the stability of the thermal runaway protection component at the second aperture segment, reducing the possibility of the thermal runaway protection component detaching from the second aperture segment due to the impact of emissions, and thus improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0016] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component further includes a third portion. Along a first direction, the third portion is connected to the side of the first portion away from the battery cell and abuts against the side of the second hole segment's wall away from the first hole segment along the first direction. It can be understood that the thermal runaway protection component is generally I-shaped, which allows for a more secure connection to the hole wall of the second hole segment and also improves the strength of the thermal runaway protection component. This, in turn, allows for better absorption of the impact energy of the emissions, thereby improving the reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0017] In one embodiment, the pressure relief hole has a first hole segment and a second hole segment that are interconnected on opposite sides along a first direction. The thermal runaway protection component includes a first protective part and a second protective part connected along the first direction. The first protective part is disposed within the first hole segment, and the second protective part is disposed within the second hole segment. Thus, the thermal runaway protection component extends from one end of the pressure relief hole along the first direction to the other end of the pressure relief hole along the first direction, which is equivalent to the thermal runaway protection component filling the pressure relief hole. The thermal runaway protection component has a large volume, which makes it have stronger heat absorption and heat conduction capabilities. Moreover, the thermal runaway protection component has a stronger ability to dissipate the heat and impact velocity generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell. This can further reduce the probability of "the emission continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device due to excessive impact velocity, thereby causing other losses." In this way, it can effectively mitigate the spread of thermal runaway, improve the safety of the battery device, and reduce the safety hazards of the battery device.

[0018] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component further includes a third protective portion. Along a first direction, the third protective portion is connected to the side of the second protective portion away from the first protective portion and abuts against the side of the second hole section's wall away from the first hole section along the first direction. This allows the thermal runaway protection component to be more firmly connected to the sidewall of the pressure relief hole, also improving the strength of the thermal runaway protection component. This, in turn, allows for better absorption of the impact energy of the emitted material by the thermal runaway protection component, thereby improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0019] In one embodiment, a stepped portion is provided on the sidewall of the first hole segment. The stepped portion has a stepped surface facing the battery cell, and the first protective portion abuts against the stepped surface along a first direction. Since the first protective portion abuts against the stepped surface along the first direction, the stepped surface can be used to restrict the movement of the first protective portion and the thermal runaway protection component away from the battery cell along the first direction. This improves the stability of the thermal runaway protection component at the pressure relief hole, reduces the possibility of the thermal runaway protection component detaching from the pressure relief hole due to the impact of the discharged material, and improves the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0020] In one embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component is snapped into the pressure relief hole. This facilitates the installation and removal of the thermal runaway protection component and also improves the connection between the thermal runaway protection component and the sidewall of the pressure relief hole. This reduces the likelihood of the thermal runaway protection component detaching from the pressure relief hole due to the impact of the discharged material, thereby improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0021] In one embodiment, the battery device includes multiple battery cells, and a first plate is provided with multiple pressure relief holes corresponding to the pressure relief mechanisms of the multiple battery cells. When any battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the impact energy of the emissions released by that battery cell can be absorbed by the corresponding thermal runaway protection component, thereby slowing down the impact velocity of the emissions. This reduces the probability of the emissions continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device due to excessive impact velocity, thus causing further damage. This more effectively mitigates the spread of thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery device and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0022] In one embodiment, the first plate includes a first plate body portion and a second plate body portion arranged along a first direction, and the pressure relief hole includes a first hole segment and a second hole segment that communicate with each other, the first hole segment penetrating through the first plate body portion and the second hole segment penetrating through the second plate body portion. The strength of the first plate can be improved by utilizing the first plate body portion and the second plate body portion, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device.

[0023] In one embodiment, the first plate further includes a plurality of spaced-apart connecting portions, which connect the first plate body and the second plate body along a first direction, pointing from the center of the pressure relief hole to the sidewall of the pressure relief hole, with the pressure relief hole located between two adjacent connecting portions. This facilitates the discharge of emissions from the battery cell through the pressure relief hole, while the multiple connecting portions enhance the toughness and impact resistance of the first plate, thereby enabling better absorption of the impact energy of the emissions released by the battery cell by the thermal runaway protection component.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first plate and the thermal runaway protection component are integrally formed. This improves the manufacturing efficiency of the first plate and the thermal runaway protection component, enhances the connection reliability between them, and thus improves the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component.

[0025] According to a second aspect of this application, an electrical device is provided, including the battery device of any of the above embodiments.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the vehicle structure according to one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of a battery device according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0030] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of a battery device according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0031] Figure 4 A top view of a thermal runaway protection component according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0032] Figure 5 A top view of a thermal runaway protection component according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0033] Figure 6 A side sectional view of a thermal runaway protection component according to an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0034] Figure 7 A side sectional view of a thermal runaway protection component according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0035] Figure 8 A side sectional view of a thermal runaway protection component according to another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0036] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first plate in one embodiment of this application is shown.

[0037] Reference numerals: 1. Vehicle; 10. Battery unit; 100. Battery cell; 110. Pressure relief mechanism; 200. First plate; 210. First plate body; 220. Second plate body; 230. Connecting part; 300. Thermal runaway protection component; 310. First part; 320. Second part; 330. Third part; 3001. First protective part; 3002. Second protective part; 3003. Third protective part; K. Pressure relief hole; K1. First hole segment; K2. Second hole segment; H. Energy absorption hole; H1. First port; H2. Second port; C. Stepped part; C1. Stepped surface; 20. Controller; 30. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0040] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0043] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0044] Batteries are the power source for new energy vehicles and are widely used in this field. Under conditions such as short circuits and overcharging, batteries can undergo side reactions, generating a certain amount of high-temperature gas. When this high-temperature gas increases to a certain level, it can lead to thermal runaway. Therefore, reducing battery safety hazards has become one of the key research areas for the future.

[0045] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application designs a battery device and electrical equipment that can absorb the impact energy of emissions from individual battery cells using thermal runaway protection components, thereby slowing down the impact velocity of the emissions, improving the safety of the battery device, and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0046] The battery device disclosed in this application can be used, but is not limited to, in electrical equipment such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. The power system of such electrical equipment can be composed of the battery device disclosed in this application and other components, which helps to improve the safety of the electrical equipment and reduce potential safety hazards.

[0047] This application provides an electrical device that uses a battery as a power source. The electrical device is a device that uses electrical energy to perform corresponding functions by consuming electrical energy. Examples include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, power tools, electric vehicles, electric cars, ships, and spacecraft. Electric toys can include stationary or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, etc. Spacecraft can include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, etc.

[0048] For ease of explanation, the following embodiments will use a vehicle as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of vehicle 1 in some embodiments of this application. Vehicle 1 can be a gasoline-powered vehicle, a natural gas-powered vehicle, or a new energy vehicle. New energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, or range-extended electric vehicles, etc. A battery device 10 is installed inside vehicle 1, and the battery device 10 can be located at the bottom, front, or rear of vehicle 1. The battery device 10 can be used to power vehicle 1; for example, the battery device 10 can serve as the operating power source for vehicle 1. Vehicle 1 may also include a controller 20 and a motor 30. The controller 20 is used to control the battery device 10 to supply power to the motor 30, for example, to meet the power needs of vehicle 1 during starting, navigation, and driving.

[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the battery device 10 can not only serve as the operating power source for the vehicle 1, but also as the driving power source for the vehicle 1, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1.

[0051] To meet different power demands, the battery device 10 may include multiple battery cells 100, where a battery cell 100 is the smallest unit constituting the battery device 10. Multiple battery cells 100 can be connected in series and / or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications. The battery device 10 mentioned in this application includes a battery module or a battery pack. Multiple battery cells 100 can be connected in series, parallel, or a combination thereof; a combination of series and parallel connections refers to a mix of both. The battery device 10 may also be referred to as a battery pack. In the embodiments of this application, multiple battery cells 100 can directly form a battery pack, or they can first be formed into battery modules, and then the battery modules can be assembled into a battery pack.

[0052] The battery device 10 may include multiple battery cells 100 and a housing. The housing is used to house the battery cells 100 to prevent liquids or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells 100. The housing may be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single cuboid, cylinder, or sphere, or it may be a complex three-dimensional structure composed of simple three-dimensional structures such as cuboids, cylinders, or spheres. This application embodiment is not limited in this regard. The material of the housing may be an alloy material such as aluminum alloy or iron alloy, or a polymer material such as polycarbonate or polyisocyanurate foam, or a composite material such as glass fiber and epoxy resin. This application embodiment is also not limited in this regard.

[0053] The enclosure may include the first plate 200 described below. The first plate 200 may be the bottom plate or the top plate of the enclosure, without any specific limitation.

[0054] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the battery device 10 in different embodiments of this application.

[0055] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 One embodiment of this application provides a battery device 10, including a battery cell 100, a first plate 200, and a thermal runaway protection component 300. The battery cell 100 includes a pressure relief mechanism 110. The first plate 200 is disposed on one side of the battery cell 100 along a first direction F1. A pressure relief hole K is provided through the first plate 200, facing the pressure relief mechanism 110 and located on the release path of the emissions from the battery cell 100. The thermal runaway protection component 300 is at least partially disposed within the pressure relief hole K. The thermal runaway protection component 300 is provided with a plurality of energy absorption holes H, which are respectively connected to the pressure relief hole K and the external environment.

[0056] The pressure relief mechanism 110 refers to the mechanism that can release the emissions generated by the battery cell 100 during thermal runaway to the outside of the battery cell 100. The pressure relief mechanism 110 can be an explosion-proof valve, explosion-proof disc, air valve, pressure relief valve or safety valve, etc.

[0057] The first plate 200 is a plate located on one side of the battery cell 100 and has a pressure relief hole K facing the pressure relief mechanism 110. The first plate 200 can be the bottom plate or the top plate of the housing, without specific limitation. For example, the first plate 200 is the bottom plate of the housing. The first plate 200 can also be used to support the battery cell 100. In this embodiment, the pressure relief mechanism 110 of the battery cell 100 is a bottom-spray type.

[0058] The pressure relief hole K refers to a hole located on the first plate 200 that allows the discharged material to pass through.

[0059] Thermal runaway protection component 300 refers to a component that can provide protection when the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway. For example, the thermal runaway protection component 300 can absorb the impact energy of the emissions to provide protection.

[0060] "The thermal runaway protection component 300 is at least partially located inside the pressure relief hole K" can mean that part of the thermal runaway protection component 300 is located inside the pressure relief hole K, or that the entire thermal runaway protection component 300 is located inside the pressure relief hole K.

[0061] The energy absorption hole H refers to a hole provided on the thermal runaway protection component 300 that allows emissions to pass through and be released into the external environment.

[0062] During the thermal runaway of the battery cell 100, the emissions generated by the thermal runaway can be released through its pressure relief mechanism 110. Since the first plate 200 is provided with a pressure relief hole K facing the pressure relief mechanism 110, and the thermal runaway protection component 300 is at least partially disposed in the pressure relief hole K, the emissions generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 100 can flow to the pressure relief hole K and through multiple energy absorption holes H on the thermal runaway protection component 300. During this process, the thermal runaway protection component 300 with multiple energy absorption holes H can absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby slowing down the impact speed of the emissions. This reduces the probability of the emissions continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device 10 due to excessive impact speed, thus causing other losses. This effectively mitigates the spread of thermal runaway, improves the safety of the battery device 10, and reduces the safety hazards of the battery device 10.

[0063] Specifically, such as Figures 4-8 In the embodiment shown, the energy-absorbing hole H is disposed through the thermal runaway protection component 300 along the first direction F1.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, the energy-absorbing hole H can be a straight hole, that is, the two ends of the energy-absorbing hole H along the first direction F1 have equal areas; for example... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the energy-absorbing hole H can also be an oblique hole, that is, the two ends of the energy-absorbing hole H along the first direction F1 have different areas; no specific restrictions are made here.

[0065] In this way, while the thermal runaway protection component 300 with multiple energy absorption holes H absorbs the impact energy of the emissions, the emissions can be effectively depressurized through the pressure relief hole K, which can reduce the safety hazards of thermal runaway of the battery cell 100.

[0066] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing hole H has a first port H1 and a second port H2 disposed opposite to each other along a first direction F1, wherein the end area of ​​the first port H1 is not equal to the end area of ​​the second port H2.

[0067] Taking the example of the first port H1 being closer to the battery cell 100 than the second port H2, it can be as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the end area of ​​the first port H1 is smaller than the end area of ​​the second port H2. In this case, the energy-absorbing hole H is constructed as a hole that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom; alternatively, it can be as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the end area of ​​the first port H1 is greater than the end area of ​​the second port H2. In this case, the energy-absorbing hole H is constructed as a hole that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom.

[0068] If energy absorption is the primary consideration, the end area of ​​the first port H1 can be made smaller than the end area of ​​the second port H2 (in this case, the energy absorption hole H is constructed as a hole with a smaller top and a larger bottom). In this way, the end area of ​​the first port H1 is smaller, which helps to prolong the residence time of the emission in the energy absorption hole H, thereby facilitating full contact between the emission and the thermal runaway protection component 300. This allows the thermal runaway protection component 300 to better absorb the impact energy of the emission, which in turn improves the safety of the battery device 10 and reduces the safety hazards of the battery device 10.

[0069] If heat dissipation is the primary consideration, the end area of ​​the first port H1 can be made larger than the end area of ​​the second port H2 (in this case, the energy absorption hole H is constructed as a hole that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom). In this way, the end area of ​​the first port H1 is larger, which makes it easier for the emitted material to enter multiple energy absorption holes H, thereby facilitating the discharge of heat from the battery cell 100 to the outside of the battery device 10.

[0070] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing hole H extends non-linearly along the first direction F1 (not shown in the figure).

[0071] It can be that the energy-absorbing hole H extends in a curved manner along the first direction F1; or it can be that the energy-absorbing hole H extends in a zigzag shape along the first direction F1.

[0072] This extends the residence time of the emissions within the energy-absorbing holes H, thereby facilitating full contact between the emissions and the thermal runaway protection device 300. This allows the thermal runaway protection device 300 to better absorb the impact energy of the emissions, further enhancing the safety of the battery device 10 and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0073] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection element 300 is configured as a porous structure and defines a plurality of energy-absorbing holes H.

[0074] The porous structure can be a honeycomb structure; for example, the thermal runaway protection component 300 is made of foam metal.

[0075] In this way, the pressure generated by the emissions can be released by the multiple energy-absorbing holes H on the porous structure, while also allowing the emissions to fully contact the thermal runaway protection component 300. This allows the thermal runaway protection component 300 to better absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby improving the safety of the battery device 10 and reducing potential safety hazards.

[0076] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection component 300 is made of a thermally conductive material.

[0077] Thermally conductive materials can be metallic materials, such as titanium alloys, nickel alloys, or high-temperature alloys.

[0078] During the process of the emission passing through multiple energy-absorbing holes H, the thermal runaway protection component 300 can absorb the impact energy of the emission, while the emission can also come into contact with the hole walls of the multiple energy-absorbing holes H. In this way, the thermal runaway protection component 300, which has thermal conductivity, can absorb the heat of the emission, thereby greatly reducing the impact velocity and temperature of the emission flowing out of the battery device 10, thus improving the safety of the battery device 10 and reducing the safety hazards of the battery device 10.

[0079] In some embodiments, the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component 300 is greater than or equal to 1500°C.

[0080] For example, the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component 300 may be 1500°C, 1600°C, or 1700°C.

[0081] The thermal runaway protection component 300 can be made of high-temperature resistant thermally conductive materials, such as titanium alloys, nickel alloys, or high-temperature alloys.

[0082] Specifically, a suitable material can be selected based on the temperature of the emissions, meaning the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component 300 is greater than or equal to the temperature of the emissions. Typically, the temperature of the emissions from a single battery cell 100 during thermal runaway is 1300℃-1500℃. Therefore, by selecting a melting point greater than or equal to 1500℃ for the thermal runaway protection component 300, when thermal runaway occurs in the single battery cell 100, the thermal conductivity of the thermal runaway protection component 300 and its deceleration effect on the thermal runaway shock wave can be effectively utilized to reduce the impact velocity and temperature of the emissions, thereby effectively improving the thermal runaway resistance performance of the battery device 10.

[0083] In some embodiments, the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component 300 is less than 1000°C.

[0084] For example, the melting point of thermal runaway protection component 300 is 700°C, 800°C, or 900°C.

[0085] The material of the thermal runaway protection component 300 can be selected according to the temperature of the emissions, that is, the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component 300 is lower than the temperature of the emissions. Typically, the temperature of the emissions emitted by the battery cell 100 during thermal runaway is 1300℃-1500℃. Based on this, the melting point of the thermal runaway protection component 300 can be less than 1000℃. For example, the material of the thermal runaway protection component 300 can be zinc or tin.

[0086] Because the thermal runaway protection component 300 has a low melting point, during the process of the emission passing through multiple energy absorption holes H, the thermal runaway protection component 300 can absorb the impact energy of the emission. At the same time, the low melting point thermal runaway protection component 300 can quickly melt or even sublimate under high temperature thermal shock waves, thereby rapidly absorbing the heat of the shock wave and reducing the impact speed, thus effectively improving the thermal runaway resistance of the battery device 10.

[0087] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the pressure relief hole K has a first hole segment K1 and a second hole segment K2 that are connected to each other on opposite sides along the first direction F1. Along the first direction F1, the first hole segment K1 is closer to the battery cell 100 than the second hole segment K2 and is disposed towards the pressure relief mechanism 110. The thermal runaway protection component 300 is at least partially disposed in the second hole segment K2.

[0088] The first hole segment K1 refers to the part of the pressure relief hole K that is closer to the battery cell 100 along the first direction F1, and the second hole segment K2 refers to the part of the pressure relief hole K that is farther away from the battery cell 100 along the first direction F1.

[0089] The thermal runaway protection component 300 is at least partially disposed within the second aperture section K2. Thus, the first aperture section K1, which is closer to the battery cell 100, can act as a buffer. When the battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the high-temperature thermal shock wave generated by the emissions can be discharged through the first aperture section K1, preventing it from reaching adjacent battery cells 100. The thermal runaway protection component 300 within the second aperture section K2 can absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby slowing down the impact velocity of the emissions. This reduces the probability of the emissions continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device 10 due to excessive impact velocity, causing further damage. It also reduces the likelihood of thermal runaway spreading to adjacent battery cells 100, effectively mitigating the spread of thermal runaway, improving the safety of the battery device 10, and reducing safety hazards of the battery device 10.

[0090] In this embodiment, the thermal runaway protection component 300 is snapped onto the sidewall of the second hole section K2.

[0091] This improves the connection reliability between the thermal runaway protection component 300 and the sidewall of the second hole section K2, thereby better utilizing the thermal runaway protection component 300 to absorb the impact energy of the emissions, and thus improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component 300.

[0092] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection component 300 includes a first portion 310 and a second portion 320. The first portion 310 is disposed in the second hole segment K2 along the first direction F1, and the second portion 320 is connected to the side of the first portion 310 near the battery cell 100 and abuts against the hole wall of the second hole segment K2 near the side of the first hole segment K1 along the first direction.

[0093] The first part 310 is the portion of the thermal runaway protection component 300 located within the second hole section K2, and the second part 320 is the portion of the thermal runaway protection component 300 located on the side of the first part 310 near the battery cell 100.

[0094] Specifically, along the direction from the center of the pressure relief hole K to the side wall of the pressure relief hole K, the size of the second part 320 is larger than the size of the first part 310.

[0095] Thus, the second part 320 can restrict the movement of the thermal runaway protection component 300 along the first direction F1 toward the side away from the battery cell 100, thereby improving the stability of the thermal runaway protection component 300 located at the second hole section K2, reducing the possibility of the thermal runaway protection component 300 detaching from the second hole section K2 due to the impact of the emission, and thus improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component 300.

[0096] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection component 300 further includes a third portion 330, which is connected to the side of the first portion 310 away from the battery cell 100 along the first direction F1 and abuts against the side of the hole wall of the second hole segment K2 away from the first hole segment K1 along the first direction F1.

[0097] The third part 330 is the portion of the thermal runaway protection component 300 located on the side of the first part 310 away from the battery cell 100.

[0098] Specifically, along the direction from the center of the pressure relief hole K to the side wall of the pressure relief hole K, the size of the third part 330 is larger than the size of the first part 310.

[0099] It is understandable that the thermal runaway protection component 300 is roughly I-shaped, which allows the thermal runaway protection component 300 to be more firmly connected to the bore wall of the second bore section K2, and also helps to improve the strength of the thermal runaway protection component 300. In this way, the thermal runaway protection component 300 can better absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component 300.

[0100] In other embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the pressure relief hole K has a first hole section K1 and a second hole section K2 that are connected to each other on opposite sides along the first direction F1. The thermal runaway protection component 300 includes a first protection part 3001 and a second protection part 3002 that are connected along the first direction. The first protection part 3001 is disposed in the first hole section K1, and the second protection part 3002 is disposed in the second hole section K2.

[0101] The first protective part 3001 is the portion of the thermal runaway protection component 300 located within the first hole section K1, and the second protective part 3002 is the portion of the thermal runaway protection component 300 located within the second hole section K2.

[0102] Thus, the thermal runaway protection component 300 extends from one end of the pressure relief hole K along the first direction F1 to the other end of the pressure relief hole K along the first direction F1. This is equivalent to the thermal runaway protection component 300 filling the pressure relief hole K. The thermal runaway protection component 300 has a larger volume, which makes it have stronger heat absorption and heat conduction capabilities. Furthermore, the thermal runaway protection component 300 has a stronger ability to dissipate the heat and impact velocity generated by the thermal runaway of the battery cell 100. This can further reduce the probability of the situation where "the emission continues to damage other objects outside the battery device 10 due to excessive impact velocity, thereby causing other losses." In this way, it can effectively mitigate the spread of thermal runaway, improve the safety of the battery device 10, and reduce the safety hazards of the battery device 10.

[0103] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection component 300 further includes a third protection part 3003, which is connected to the side of the second protection part 3002 away from the first protection part 3001 along the first direction, and abuts against the side of the hole wall of the second hole section K2 away from the first hole section K1 along the first direction F1.

[0104] The third protective part 3003 is the portion of the thermal runaway protection component 300 connected to the second protective part 3002 on the side away from the first protective part 3001.

[0105] Along the direction from the center of the pressure relief hole K to the side wall of the pressure relief hole K, the size of the third protective part 3003 is larger than the size of the second protective part 3002.

[0106] This allows the thermal runaway protection component 300 to be more firmly connected to the side wall of the pressure relief hole K, and also helps to improve the strength of the thermal runaway protection component 300. In turn, the thermal runaway protection component 300 can better absorb the impact energy of the emissions, thereby improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component 300.

[0107] In some embodiments, a step portion C is provided on the sidewall of the first hole segment K1, the step portion C having a step surface C1 facing the battery cell 100, and the first protective portion 3001 abuts against the step surface C1 along the first direction F1.

[0108] The stepped portion C refers to the portion located on the side wall of the first hole section K1 and recessed relative to the side wall of the first hole section K1 along the radial direction of the pressure relief hole K.

[0109] The stepped surface C1 refers to the side of the stepped portion C that faces the battery cell 100.

[0110] Since the first protective part 3001 abuts against the step surface C1 along the first direction F1, the step surface C1 can be used to restrict the movement of the first protective part 3001 and the thermal runaway protection member 300 along the first direction F1 toward the side away from the battery cell 100. This can improve the stability of the thermal runaway protection member 300 located at the pressure relief hole K, thereby reducing the possibility of the thermal runaway protection member 300 detaching from the pressure relief hole K due to the impact of the emitted material, and thus improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection member 300.

[0111] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection component 300 is snapped into the pressure relief hole K.

[0112] While facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the thermal runaway protection component 300, it can also improve the connection between the thermal runaway protection component 300 and the side wall of the pressure relief hole K, thereby reducing the possibility of the thermal runaway protection component 300 detaching from the pressure relief hole K due to the impact of the discharged material, and thus improving the protective reliability of the thermal runaway protection component 300.

[0113] In some embodiments, the battery device 10 includes a plurality of battery cells 100, and a plurality of pressure relief holes K corresponding to the pressure relief mechanisms 110 of the plurality of battery cells 100 are provided through the first plate 200. The pressure relief holes K are arranged facing the corresponding pressure relief mechanism 110 and are located on the release path of the emissions of the corresponding battery cell 100.

[0114] Specifically, the pressure relief hole K corresponds one-to-one with the battery cell 100.

[0115] A corresponding thermal runaway protection component 300 can be installed at each pressure relief hole K. In this way, when any battery cell 100 experiences thermal runaway, the corresponding thermal runaway protection component 300 can absorb the impact energy of the emissions released by the battery cell 100, thereby slowing down the impact speed of the emissions. This reduces the probability of the emissions continuing to damage other objects outside the battery device 10 due to excessive impact speed, thus causing other losses. This can more effectively mitigate the spread of thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the battery device 10 and reducing safety hazards of the battery device 10.

[0116] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 and in conjunction with reference Figure 9The first plate 200 includes a first plate body 210 and a second plate body 220 arranged along the first direction F1. The pressure relief hole K includes a first hole segment K1 and a second hole segment K2 that are connected to each other. The first hole segment K1 is provided through the first plate body 210, and the second hole segment K2 is provided through the second plate body 220.

[0117] The strength of the first plate 200 can be improved by utilizing the first plate portion 210 and the second plate portion 220, which in turn helps to improve the reliability of the battery device 10.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first plate 200 further includes a plurality of connecting portions 230 spaced apart, the connecting portions 230 being connected between the first plate body portion 210 and the second plate body portion 220 along a first direction F1, and the pressure relief hole K being located between two adjacent connecting portions 230 along the direction from the center of the pressure relief hole K to the side wall of the pressure relief hole K.

[0119] In this way, it is convenient for the emissions released by the battery cell 100 to be discharged through the pressure relief hole K, and the multiple connecting parts 230 can be used to improve the toughness and impact resistance of the first plate 200, which in turn helps to better utilize the thermal runaway protection component 300 to absorb the impact energy of the emissions released by the battery cell 100.

[0120] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway protection component 300 may be made of a high-temperature resistant thermally conductive material. In this way, the thermal conductivity of the thermal runaway protection component 300 and its deceleration effect on the thermal runaway shock wave can be well utilized to reduce the impact speed and temperature of the emissions, thereby effectively improving the thermal runaway resistance performance of the battery device 10.

[0121] In other embodiments, the first plate 200 and the thermal runaway protection component 300 are integrally formed (not shown in the figure).

[0122] The first plate 200 can be integrally formed with the thermal runaway protection component 300. This can improve the manufacturing efficiency of the first plate 200 and the thermal runaway protection component 300, as well as the connection reliability between the first plate 200 and the thermal runaway protection component 300, thereby improving the protection reliability of the thermal runaway protection component 300.

[0123] An embodiment of this application also provides an electrical device including the battery device 10 of any of the above embodiments, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the electrical device and reducing the safety hazards of the electrical device.

[0124] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0125] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery device, characterized in that, include: The battery cell (100) includes a pressure relief mechanism (110). A first plate (200) is disposed on one side of the battery cell (100) along a first direction, and a pressure relief hole (K) is provided through the first plate (200); the pressure relief hole (K) is disposed facing the pressure relief mechanism (110) and is located on the release path of the discharge of the battery cell (100); and A thermal runaway protection component (300) is at least partially disposed within the pressure relief vent (K); The thermal runaway protection component (300) is provided with a plurality of energy-absorbing holes (H), which are connected to the external environment via the pressure relief hole (K).

2. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing hole (H) is disposed through the thermal runaway protection component (300) along the first direction.

3. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing hole (H) has a first port (H1) and a second port (H2) arranged opposite to each other along the first direction, and the end area of ​​the first port (H1) is not equal to the end area of ​​the second port (H2).

4. The battery device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Along the first direction, the energy-absorbing hole (H) extends in a non-linear manner.

5. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) is constructed as a porous structure and defines the plurality of energy-absorbing holes (H).

6. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) is made of thermally conductive materials.

7. The battery device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The melting point of the thermal runaway protection component (300) is greater than or equal to 1500°C.

8. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The melting point of the thermal runaway protection component (300) is less than 1000°C.

9. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The pressure relief hole (K) has a first hole section (K1) and a second hole section (K2) that are connected to each other on opposite sides along the first direction. Along the first direction, the first hole segment (K1) is closer to the battery cell (100) and is disposed toward the pressure relief mechanism (110) than the second hole segment (K2); The thermal runaway protection element (300) is at least partially disposed within the second bore (K2).

10. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) is snapped onto the side wall of the second hole section (K2).

11. The battery device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) includes a first part (310) and a second part (320). The first part (310) is disposed in the second hole segment (K2). Along the first direction, the second part (320) is connected to the side of the first part (310) near the battery cell (100) and abuts against the side of the hole wall of the second hole segment (K2) near the first hole segment (K1) along the first direction.

12. The battery device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) further includes a third part (330) which is connected to the side of the first part (310) away from the battery cell (100) along the first direction and abuts against the side of the hole wall of the second hole segment (K2) away from the first hole segment (K1) along the first direction.

13. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The pressure relief hole (K) has a first hole section (K1) and a second hole section (K2) that are connected to each other on opposite sides along the first direction. The thermal runaway protection component (300) includes a first protective part (3001) and a second protective part (3002) connected along a first direction. The first protective part (3001) is disposed in the first hole section (K1), and the second protective part (3002) is disposed in the second hole section (K2).

14. The battery device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) further includes a third protection part (3003), which is connected to the side of the second protection part (3002) away from the first protection part (3001) along the first direction, and abuts against the side of the hole wall of the second hole segment (K2) away from the first hole segment (K1) along the first direction.

15. The battery device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The first hole segment (K1) has a step portion (C) on its side wall. The step portion (C) has a step surface (C1) facing the battery cell (100). The first protective part (3001) abuts against the step surface (C1) along the first direction.

16. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thermal runaway protection component (300) is snapped into the pressure relief hole (K).

17. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The battery device includes a plurality of the battery cells (100). The first plate (200) is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes (K) corresponding to the pressure relief mechanisms (110) of the plurality of battery cells (100).

18. The battery device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first plate (200) includes a first plate body portion (210) and a second plate body portion (220) arranged along the first direction. The pressure relief hole (K) includes a first hole section (K1) and a second hole section (K2) that are connected to each other. The first hole section (K1) is disposed through the first plate body (210), and the second hole section (K2) is disposed through the second plate body (220).

19. The battery device according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first plate (200) further includes a plurality of connecting portions (230) spaced apart, the connecting portions (230) being connected between the first plate body portion (210) and the second plate body portion (220) along the first direction; The pressure relief hole (K) is located between two adjacent connecting parts (230) along the direction from the center of the pressure relief hole (K) to the side wall of the pressure relief hole (K).

20. The battery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first plate (200) and the thermal runaway protection component (300) are integrally formed.

21. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, Includes the battery device as described in any one of claims 1-20.

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