A pre-dust removal device applied to biomass boiler flue gas treatment

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of pre-dedusting devices applied to biomass boiler flue gas treatment, belong to flue gas dust removal technical field, including dust collector body, ash bucket and rapping device, the dust collector body includes air inlet pipe, pre-dedusting chamber and exhaust pipe connected in order along airflow conveying direction, multiple dust blocking components are sequentially arranged in pre-dedusting chamber along airflow conveying direction, the dust blocking component includes two groups of dust blocking units spaced apart along airflow conveying direction, the dust blocking unit includes several V-shaped dust blocking plates spaced apart along vertical airflow conveying direction, the V-shaped mouth of each V-shaped dust blocking plate is oppositely arranged with airflow conveying direction. The ash bucket is set in the bottom end of pre-dedusting chamber, and the rapping device is set in the top end of pre-dedusting chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a pre-dust removal device for the treatment of flue gas from biomass boilers, belonging to the field of flue gas dust removal technology. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass energy, as a renewable energy source, uses agricultural and forestry waste as its main raw material. Its advantages of wide availability and low cost have made it an important development direction in the new energy field. Biomass boilers, as key equipment for biomass energy utilization, produce flue gas containing large amounts of dust, unburned materials, and impurities such as sand and gravel. These particulate matter carried by the high-temperature flue gas can not only cause wear and tear on downstream equipment but also pose a risk of reignition, threatening production safety. Therefore, the installation of a pre-dust removal device is particularly important in the flue gas treatment system of biomass boilers.

[0003] Currently, the pre-dust removal device used in existing technology is the cyclone dust collector.

[0004] For example, Chinese utility model patent CN201799193U discloses a pre-dust removal device for a biomass power plant, which consists of a boiler, a flue gas cooler, a pre-dust removal cyclone separator, and a bag filter. There are two flue gas coolers at the rear of the boiler. The outlets of the two flue gas coolers are respectively connected to two identical first and second pre-dust removal inlet pipes through flue gas cooler outlet elbows. The two first and second pre-dust removal inlet pipes are respectively connected to the pre-dust removal inlets of two identical pre-dust removal cyclones installed on the maintenance platform. The top of the first and second pre-dust removal cyclones are respectively provided with exhaust ports, which are connected to exhaust pipe elbows through exhaust pipe flanges. The two exhaust pipes are connected to one end of a manifold through exhaust pipe outlet flanges, and the other end of the manifold is connected to the air inlet of the bag filter.

[0005] While the above-mentioned reference example can achieve basic gas-solid separation, it still suffers from high resistance loss (the equipment resistance loss caused by the high-speed rotation of dust in the cyclone) and large fluctuations in dust removal efficiency when collecting flue gas from biomass boilers. Therefore, it urgently needs to be improved. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model designs a pre-dust removal device for the treatment of flue gas from biomass boilers, which can remove some unburned materials and sand entrained in high-temperature flue gas, thereby keeping the dust removal efficiency stable.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers includes a dust collector body, an ash hopper, and a vibrator. The dust collector body includes an inlet pipe, a pre-dust removal chamber, and an exhaust pipe connected sequentially along the airflow direction. Multiple ash-blocking components are sequentially arranged in the pre-dust removal chamber along the airflow direction. Each ash-blocking component includes two sets of ash-blocking units spaced apart along the airflow direction. Each ash-blocking unit includes several V-shaped ash-blocking plates spaced apart along the direction perpendicular to the airflow direction. The V-shaped openings of each V-shaped ash-blocking plate are all positioned opposite to the airflow direction.

[0009] The ash hopper is located at the bottom of the pre-dust removal chamber, and the vibrator is located at the top of the pre-dust removal chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, the V-shaped ash-blocking plates of any two adjacent ash-blocking units are arranged in a staggered and interleaved manner.

[0011] Furthermore, a baffle plate is installed inside the ash hopper, the baffle plate is set vertically downwards, and the baffle plate is installed on the center line of the ash hopper.

[0012] Furthermore, the pre-dust removal chamber includes a cuboid section with a rectangular parallelepiped structure. One end of the cuboid section is integrally provided with a gradually expanding section whose opening gradually increases in the direction of airflow. The free end of the gradually expanding section is connected to a vertically arranged air inlet pipe.

[0013] The other end of the cuboid segment is integrally provided with a tapered section whose opening gradually decreases along the airflow direction, and the free end of the tapered section is connected to a horizontally arranged exhaust pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, a dust-blocking component is provided at the connection between the expanding section and the cuboid section. One set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the expanding section, and the other set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the cuboid section.

[0015] Furthermore, a dust-blocking component is provided in the middle of the cuboid segment.

[0016] Furthermore, a dust-blocking component is provided at the connection between the cuboid segment and the tapered segment. One set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the tapered segment, and the other set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the cuboid segment.

[0017] Furthermore, the V-shaped dust baffle is an equilateral angle steel with a side length of h, wherein 250mm≤h≤500mm;

[0018] The longitudinal spacing between any two adjacent V-shaped ash baffles in the same group of ash baffle units is b, where 500mm≤b≤1000mm;

[0019] The lateral spacing between two adjacent dust-blocking units of the same dust-blocking component is a, where 500mm≤a≤1000mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined sidewall of the gradually expanding section and the vertical direction is α, where 135°≤α≤155°;

[0021] The distance between the bottom of the dust-blocking unit set in the expanding section and the inclined sidewall of the expanding section is e, where 100mm≤e≤300mm.

[0022] Furthermore, the distance between the bottom end of the flow baffle and the bottom of the ash hopper is d, where 800mm≤d≤1600mm;

[0023] The distance between the bottom of the flow baffle and the side wall of the ash hopper is c, where 300mm≤c≤600mm.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following features and beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. This utility model achieves multiple inertial separations of dust by arranging multiple sets of staggered V-shaped dust baffles, thereby achieving dust collection, avoiding energy loss caused by single high-speed collisions, and significantly reducing system resistance.

[0026] 2. This utility model is designed for capturing large particles and unburned materials. It uses a "V-shaped wrapping" to adsorb coarse dust and effectively intercept impurities such as sand and gravel, thereby making the pre-dust removal effect less volatile with changes in flue gas load, air volume, and air temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is the front view of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of this utility model.

[0030] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Pre-dust removal chamber; 2. Air inlet pipe; 3. Exhaust pipe; 4. Ash hopper; 11. Expanding section; 12. Rectangular section; 13. Shrinking section; 14. V-shaped dust baffle; 41. Baffle plate; 5. Vibrator. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers in this embodiment includes a dust collector body, an ash hopper 4, and a vibrator 5.

[0033] The dust collector body includes an air inlet pipe 2, a pre-dust removal chamber 1, and an exhaust pipe 3 connected sequentially along the airflow direction.

[0034] The ash hopper 4 is located at the bottom of the pre-dust removal chamber 1 to collect dust, and the vibrator 5 is located at the top of the pre-dust removal chamber 1 to vibrate and dispose of the ash.

[0035] In this embodiment, the pre-dust removal chamber 1 includes a cuboid segment 12 with a cuboid structure.

[0036] The rectangular section 12 has an integrally formed expansion section 11 at one end, with the opening gradually increasing in size along the airflow direction. The free end of the expansion section 11 is connected to the vertically arranged air inlet pipe 2, and the airflow carrying smoke and dust enters the expansion section 11 from the air inlet pipe 2.

[0037] The combined arrangement of the diffuser section 11 and the vertical air intake pipe 2 allows the smoke and dust to be redirected, and the dust will initially separate from the airflow due to inertia.

[0038] The gradual expansion section 11 allows the smoke and dust to move smoothly toward the ash hopper 4, while suppressing the jet phenomenon caused by local accumulation.

[0039] The other end of the cuboid segment 12 is integrally provided with a tapered section 13 whose opening gradually decreases along the airflow direction. The free end of the tapered section 13 is connected to the horizontally arranged exhaust pipe 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, three dust-blocking components are sequentially arranged in the pre-dust removal chamber 1 along the airflow conveying direction. The dust-blocking components include two sets of dust-blocking units arranged at intervals along the airflow conveying direction.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 The first dust-blocking component is located at the connection between the expanding section 11 and the cuboid section 12. One set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the expanding section 11, and the other set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the cuboid section 12.

[0042] The second dust-blocking component is located in the middle of the cuboid segment 12.

[0043] The third dust-blocking component is located at the connection between the cuboid segment 12 and the tapered segment 13. One set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the tapered segment 13, and the other set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking component is located in the cuboid segment 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, the bottom end of each dust-blocking unit set in the cuboid section 12 extends into the dust hopper 4, which facilitates the discharge of dust into the dust hopper 4. The distance between the bottom end of the dust-blocking unit set in the cuboid section 12 and the side wall of the dust hopper 4 is f, which ensures that the dust can slide into the dust hopper 4 along the V-shaped dust-blocking plate 14 without being stirred up by the airflow. Where 100mm≤f≤300mm, in this embodiment, f is 210mm.

[0045] Specifically, please refer to Figure 2 The dust-blocking unit includes multiple V-shaped dust-blocking plates 14 that are equally spaced along the vertical airflow conveying direction, and the V-shaped openings of each V-shaped dust-blocking plate 14 are arranged opposite to the airflow conveying direction.

[0046] The V-shaped dust baffle 14 can intercept dust, allowing it to fall into the dust hopper 4 and be collected.

[0047] In this embodiment, the V-shaped dust baffle 14 is made of equilateral angle steel.

[0048] Each V-shaped baffle plate 14 in each baffle unit blocks 45% to 70% of the flue gas flow area. The reduction in flow area changes the flue gas velocity. The lower velocity can prolong the residence time of dust and reduce resistance, so that large dust particles, unburned materials, sand and gravel can be better collected by the ash hopper.

[0049] In this embodiment, the designed flue gas velocity of the cuboid segment 12 is no greater than 3 m / s.

[0050] In this embodiment, each dust-blocking component is equipped with a vibrator 5 at its top to facilitate the vibration of each dust-blocking component to remove dust.

[0051] Meanwhile, there are 6 ash hoppers 4, arranged in two rows along the length of the ash blocking unit, with 3 ash hoppers in each row.

[0052] Furthermore, the V-shaped dust baffles 14 of any two adjacent dust baffle units are staggered and interleaved to reduce the possibility of dust escape and achieve graded interception.

[0053] Furthermore, a baffle plate 41 is installed inside the ash hopper 4. The baffle plate 41 is set vertically downward and is installed on the center line of the ash hopper 4.

[0054] The baffle plate 41 can reduce secondary dust, prevent the airflow from forming a circulating vortex in the ash hopper 4, suppress the airflow from carrying away the dust that has fallen into the ash hopper 4, optimize the flow field of the ash hopper 4 and enhance the dust collection effect.

[0055] Furthermore, the V-shaped dust baffle 14 is an equilateral angle steel with a side length of h, wherein 250mm≤h≤500mm, and in this embodiment, h is 350mm.

[0056] The longitudinal spacing between any two adjacent V-shaped dust baffles 14 in the same dust baffle unit is b, where 500mm≤b≤1000mm. In this embodiment, b is 820mm.

[0057] The lateral spacing between two adjacent dust-blocking units of the same dust-blocking component is 'a', where 500mm≤a≤1000mm. In this embodiment, 'a' is 780mm.

[0058] Furthermore, the angle between the inclined sidewall of the gradually expanding section 11 and the vertical direction is α, where 135°≤α≤155°. In this embodiment, α is 144°.

[0059] The distance between the bottom end of the dust-blocking unit set in the gradually expanding section 11 and the inclined side wall of the gradually expanding section 11 is e, where 100mm≤e≤300mm, so that the initially separated dust can fall into the dust hopper 4 along the lower dust gap.

[0060] In this embodiment, e is taken as 1900mm.

[0061] Furthermore, the distance between the bottom of the baffle plate 41 and the bottom of the ash hopper 4 is d, where 800mm≤d≤1600mm. In this embodiment, d is taken as 1000mm.

[0062] The distance between the bottom of the baffle plate 41 and the side wall of the ash hopper 4 is c, which ensures sufficient ash discharge space and avoids blockage affecting equipment operation. Where 300mm≤c≤600mm, in this embodiment, c is 480mm.

[0063] In this embodiment, the dimensions of the cuboid segment 12 are 5000mm × 9000mm × 6000mm.

[0064] The cross-sectional dimensions of intake pipe 2 are 2000mm × 9000mm.

[0065] The dimensions of the gradually expanding section 13 are 2500mm × 9000mm × 5500mm.

[0066] The dimensions of the tapered section 13 are 2500mm × 9000mm × 5500mm.

[0067] The cross-sectional dimensions of exhaust pipe 3 are 2000mm × 3600mm.

[0068] In this embodiment, the volume of flue gas processed is 380,000 m³. 3 / h, flue gas temperature is 320℃, dust concentration is 15g / m³ 3 .

[0069] Numerical simulation tests show that the pre-dust removal efficiency of this embodiment can be kept stable at around 35% under different load conditions, and the system resistance under full load conditions is 118Pa.

[0070] The working principle of this utility model: Please refer to... Figures 1 to 3The smoke and dust reach the diffuser section 11 from the intake pipe 2. After the initial rectification in the diffuser section 11, the smoke and dust move towards the ash hopper 4. After the airflow turns, the dust is initially separated due to inertia, while avoiding energy loss caused by the formation of eddies due to local accumulation of smoke and dust.

[0071] After entering the pre-dust removal chamber 1, the dust impacts the first row of V-shaped baffles 14. After losing some of its momentum, the dust falls into the ash hopper 4 along the V-shaped baffles 14. The flue gas flows around the gaps of the first row of V-shaped baffles 14 and reaches the second row of V-shaped baffles 14. The dust is weakened again by the secondary impact, and its flowability deteriorates. It also impacts the V-shaped baffles 14 and falls into the ash hopper 4.

[0072] Through multiple interceptions, collisions, aggregations, and settling processes, the dust undergoes multiple inertial separations.

[0073] Please see Figure 3 When the smoke and dust flow through the V-shaped baffle plate 14, the coarse dust such as sand, gravel and unburned material cannot be turned in time by the airflow under the action of inertial force and will hit the V-shaped baffle plate 14. They are wrapped and adsorbed by the "V" formed by the V-shaped baffle plate 14 and fall into the ash hopper 4 at the lower end under the action of the vibrator 5.

[0074] The dust is impacted by multiple sets of V-shaped dust baffles 14, resulting in an energy dissipation superposition effect. The kinetic energy is attenuated multiple times, breaking through the capture limit of traditional single-impact dust removal and further improving the dust collection efficiency.

[0075] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0076] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0077] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers, comprising a dust collector body, an ash hopper (4), and a vibrator (5), characterized in that: The dust collector body includes an air inlet pipe (2), a pre-dust removal chamber (1), and an exhaust pipe (3) connected sequentially along the airflow conveying direction; The pre-dust removal chamber (1) includes a cuboid section (12) with a cuboid structure. One end of the cuboid section (12) is integrally provided with a gradually expanding section (11) whose opening gradually increases along the airflow direction. The free end of the gradually expanding section (11) is connected to the vertically arranged air inlet pipe (2). The other end of the cuboid section (12) is integrally provided with a gradually contracting section (13) whose opening gradually decreases along the airflow direction. The free end of the gradually contracting section (13) is connected to the horizontally arranged exhaust pipe (3). The pre-dust removal chamber (1) is provided with a number of dust-blocking components in sequence along the airflow conveying direction. The dust-blocking components include two sets of dust-blocking units spaced apart along the airflow conveying direction. The dust-blocking units include a number of V-shaped dust-blocking plates (14) spaced apart along the vertical airflow conveying direction. The V-shaped openings of each V-shaped dust-blocking plate (14) are all arranged opposite to the airflow conveying direction. The ash hopper (4) is located at the bottom of the pre-dust removal chamber (1), and the vibrator (5) is located at the top of the pre-dust removal chamber (1).

2. The pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped ash baffles (14) of any two adjacent ash baffle units are staggered and interleaved.

3. The pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash hopper (4) is equipped with a baffle plate (41) which is set vertically downward and is installed on the center line of the ash hopper (4).

4. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: A dust-blocking assembly is provided at the connection between the expanding section (11) and the cuboid section (12). One set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking assembly is located in the expanding section (11), and the other set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking assembly is located in the cuboid section (12).

5. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 4, characterized in that: A dust-blocking component is provided in the middle of the cuboid segment (12).

6. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 5, characterized in that: A dust-blocking assembly is provided at the connection between the cuboid segment (12) and the tapered segment (13). One set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking assembly is located in the tapered segment (13), and the other set of dust-blocking units of the dust-blocking assembly is located in the cuboid segment (12).

7. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The V-shaped dust baffle (14) is an equilateral angle steel with a side length of h, wherein 250mm≤h≤500mm; The longitudinal spacing between any two adjacent V-shaped dust baffles (14) of the same dust baffle unit is b, where 500mm≤b≤1000mm; The lateral spacing between two adjacent dust-blocking units of the same dust-blocking component is a, where 500mm≤a≤1000mm.

8. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the inclined sidewall of the gradually expanding section (11) and the vertical direction is α, where 135°≤α≤155°; The distance between the bottom end of the dust-blocking unit set in the expanding section (11) and the inclined side wall of the expanding section (11) is e, where 100mm≤e≤300mm.

9. A pre-dust removal device for treating flue gas from biomass boilers according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distance between the bottom of the flow baffle (41) and the bottom of the ash hopper (4) is d, where 800mm≤d≤1600mm; The distance between the bottom of the flow baffle (41) and the side wall of the ash hopper (4) is c, where 300mm≤c≤600mm.

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